Perforating and fracturing combined operation integrated device and fracturing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a perforation and fracturing combined operation integrated device and a fracturing method.The perforation and fracturing combined operation integrated device comprises a fracturing pipe, a packing assembly, a perforation assembly and a fracturing assembly, one end of the fracturing pipe is plugged, and the other end of the fracturing pipe is used for being connected with pump set equipment; the packing assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the fracturing pipe in the circumferential direction, and a perforation fracturing space is formed between every two adjacent packing assemblies. Each perforation assembly is located between every two adjacent packing assemblies, and each perforation assembly is provided with a nozzle and a first adjusting component; the fracturing assemblies are located between every two adjacent packing assemblies, each fracturing assembly comprises a fracturing hole and a second adjusting component, the fracturing holes are formed in the fracturing pipe, and the second adjusting components correspond to the fracturing holes. Perforating and fracturing are combined into a whole, the perforating procedure and the fracturing procedure can be seamlessly connected, the operation procedure is simplified, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic fracturing, and in particular relates to a perforation and fracturing integrated device and a fracturing method. Background Art

[0002] In the related technology, the perforating device and fracturing device used in coal mines are high-speed fluid perforating tools and dynamic tubing open-hole segmented fracturing tools. After the fracturing drilling construction is completed, the high-speed fluid perforating tool is placed in the predetermined position of the borehole for perforating operations. After the perforating is completed, the high-speed fluid perforating tool is pulled out, and the dynamic tubing segmented fracturing tool is placed in the perforating position for fracturing operations. The perforating and fracturing operations are performed separately using different equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0004] The inventors have realized that the perforating device and the fracturing device in coal mines are separated, and the perforating operation and the fracturing operation need to be performed independently. The operation process requires frequent insertion and extraction of the perforating tool and the fracturing tool, and the operation process is cumbersome and complicated. The replacement of the operating tools leads to the inconsistency of the perforating position and the fracturing position, which seriously affects the expansion of the fracturing cracks.

[0005] The inventors also realized that the fluid injection volume is used to calibrate the perforation stage indicators in underground coal mines. Excessive fluid injection leads to waste of resources, while small amounts of fluid injection result in substandard perforation parameters, which affects subsequent fracturing operations. It is urgent to clarify the connection indicators between the perforation stage and the fracturing stage.

[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0007] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated perforation and fracturing device, which can realize the integrated setting of perforation and fracturing, simplify the operation process, and improve the operation efficiency.

[0008] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a fracturing method.

[0009] The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0010] A fracturing pipe, one end of which is sealed and the other end of which is used to connect to a pump set;

[0011] A packing assembly, wherein the packing assembly is arranged on the circumferential outer side of the fracturing pipe, and a perforation fracturing space is formed between two adjacent packing assemblies;

[0012] A perforating assembly, the perforating assembly is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies, the perforating assembly has a nozzle and a first adjusting component, and adjusts the fluid pressure of the fracturing pipe to drive the first adjusting component to operate and control the nozzle to be connected or disconnected with the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe;

[0013] A fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing assembly is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies, and the fracturing assembly includes a fracturing hole and a second adjusting component, wherein the fracturing hole is arranged on the fracturing pipe, and the second adjusting component corresponds to the fracturing hole and adjusts the fluid pressure of the perforation fracturing space to drive the second adjusting component to operate and control the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe to be connected or disconnected with the perforation fracturing space.

[0014] The perforating and fracturing integrated device of the present invention solves the problem of separate arrangement of the perforating device and the fracturing device by integrating the perforating and fracturing together. During operation, the perforating process and the fracturing process can be seamlessly connected, thus simplifying the operation process and improving the operation efficiency.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first adjusting component comprises a first body, a first sliding member and a first elastic member connected to each other, the first body is connected to the fracturing pipe between two adjacent isolation assemblies, the first body has a first cavity, the nozzle is connected to the first body, the first cavity is connected to the inner hole of the fracturing pipe, the first sliding member is movable relative to the first body, and the first elastic member is disposed between the first sliding member and the first body;

[0016] The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the fracturing tube on the first sliding member is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the first elastic member on the first sliding member. The fluid pressure of the fracturing tube is adjusted to a first threshold value to drive the first sliding member to move relative to the first body. The first sliding member has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first sliding member and the nozzle are arranged opposite to each other to block the connection between the first cavity and the nozzle. In the second state, the first sliding member and the nozzle are staggered to connect the first cavity and the nozzle.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first body is a tube body, both ends of the first body have first connecting parts, the fracturing tube has a second connecting part, and the first body and the fracturing tube are connected together through the first connecting part and the second connecting part;

[0018] And / or, the number of the nozzles is multiple, and the multiple nozzles are arranged in the circumference of the first body;

[0019] And / or, the first sliding member is provided with a fluid hole, and in the second state, the fluid hole is arranged opposite to the nozzle;

[0020] And / or, the first elastic member is a spring.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first body has a first chamber, the first chamber has a first opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube, the first sliding member has a first end plate, the first end plate is slidably disposed in the first chamber, and the first end plate is sealed in the circumferential wall of the first chamber, and the first elastic member is disposed in the first chamber.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second adjusting component includes a second sliding member and a second elastic member, the second sliding member is connected to the fracturing tube, and the second elastic member is disposed between the second sliding member and the fracturing tube;

[0023] The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the perforation and fracturing space on the second sliding member is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the second elastic member on the second sliding member. The fluid pressure in the perforation and fracturing space is adjusted to a second threshold value to drive the second sliding member to move relative to the fracturing pipe. The second sliding member has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second sliding member is arranged opposite to the fracturing hole to block the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe from being connected to the perforation and fracturing space through the fracturing hole. In the fourth state, the second sliding member is staggered with the fracturing hole to connect the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe with the perforation and fracturing space through the fracturing hole.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second sliding member is slidably sleeved on the outside of the fracturing pipe;

[0025] And / or, the second elastic member is a spring;

[0026] And / or, there are multiple fracturing holes, each of which is correspondingly provided with one second adjusting component, or multiple fracturing holes are correspondingly provided with the same second adjusting component.

[0027] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the fracturing tube has a second chamber, the second chamber has a second opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube, the second sliding member has a second end plate, the second end plate is slidably arranged in the second chamber, and the second end plate is sealed against the circumferential wall of the second chamber, and the second elastic member is arranged in the second chamber.

[0028] In some embodiments, the isolation assembly includes a bladder bag, which is annular and covers the circumferential outer side of the fracturing tube, and the inner cavity of the bladder bag is connected to the inner cavity of the fracturing tube.

[0029] The fracturing method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0030] S1. Perform drilling construction;

[0031] S2. Arranging the integrated perforation and fracturing device as described in any of the above embodiments in the borehole;

[0032] S3, injecting fluid into the fracturing pipe, so that the fluid in the fracturing pipe flows into the packing assembly, so that the packing assembly is set;

[0033] S4, as the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe increases, the first regulating component is actuated, and the nozzle in the perforating assembly is connected to the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe to perform a perforating operation;

[0034] S5, as the fluid pressure in the perforation and fracturing space increases, the second regulating component is actuated, the perforation and fracturing space in the fracturing assembly and the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe are connected through the fracturing hole, and a fracturing operation is performed;

[0035] S6, releasing the fluid in the fracturing pipe, moving to the next perforation and fracturing section, and repeating steps S3 to S5 to perform construction work of the next perforation and fracturing section.

[0036] In some embodiments, the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe when the packing assembly is set is less than the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe when the perforating assembly is perforating. In steps S4 and S5, the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe gradually increases, and steps S4 and S5 are alternately cycled until the fracturing cracks in the corresponding perforating fracturing section expand to a preset target range.

[0037] And / or, the borehole comprises an inclined section and a horizontal section, the inclined section is arranged near the orifice of the borehole, the horizontal section is divided into a plurality of perforation and fracturing sections along its length direction, and the horizontal section is located in the fracturing target layer and in the middle and lower part of the fracturing target layer;

[0038] And / or, it also includes detection equipment, which includes a microseismic detection system, a roof delamination instrument and a borehole stress meter to monitor the energy field, displacement field and stress field of the operating area respectively. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a perforation and fracturing integrated device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the perforating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the isolation assembly and the fracturing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 1. Fracturing pipe; 11. Plug;

[0045] 2. Packing assembly; 21. Bladder bag;

[0046] 3. Perforating assembly; 31. First body; 32. Nozzle; 33. First sliding member; 34. First elastic member; 35. First chamber; 36. Fluid hole;

[0047] 4. Fracturing assembly; 41. Fracturing hole; 42. Second sliding member; 43. Second elastic member; 44. Second chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The perforation and fracturing integrated device of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a fracturing pipe 1, a sealing assembly 2, a perforation assembly 3 and a fracturing assembly 4. One end of the fracturing pipe 1 is sealed, and a plug 11 is arranged at one end of the fracturing pipe 1 close to the bottom of the borehole. The other end of the fracturing pipe 1 is used to be connected to a pump group device; the sealing assembly 2 is arranged on the circumferential outer side of the fracturing pipe 1, and a perforation and fracturing space is formed between two adjacent sealing assemblies 2.

[0050] The isolation assembly 2 is wrapped around the circumference of the fracturing pipe 1. When water is injected into the isolation assembly 2, the isolation assembly 2 expands and abuts against the inner wall of the borehole to seal. The space between two adjacent isolation assemblies 2 forms a relatively independent space, namely the perforation and fracturing space, and perforation and fracturing operations can be performed on the rock wall corresponding to the section.

[0051] The perforating assembly 3 is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies 2. The perforating assembly 3 has a nozzle 32 and a first adjusting component, which adjusts the fluid pressure of the fracturing pipe 1 to drive the first adjusting component to operate and control the nozzle 32 to be connected or disconnected with the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe 1; the fracturing assembly 4 is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies 2. The fracturing assembly 4 includes a fracturing hole 41 and a second adjusting component. The fracturing hole 41 is provided on the fracturing pipe 1. The second adjusting component corresponds to the fracturing hole 41, and adjusts the fluid pressure of the perforating fracturing space to drive the second adjusting component to operate and control the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe 1 to be connected or disconnected with the perforating fracturing space.

[0052] During the perforating operation, fracturing fluid is injected into the fracturing pipe 1, and when the fluid pressure reaches a first preset value, the first regulating component will be turned on and the fluid will be sprayed into the perforating fracturing space through the nozzle 32, thereby performing perforating operations on the rock wall, damaging and breaking the rock mass, and expanding the cracks.

[0053] As the perforation operation continues, the holes on the rock wall no longer expand, and the fluid in the fracturing pipe 1 will still flow into the perforation fracturing space, and the pressure in the perforation fracturing space will continue to increase, which will make the second regulating component conductive, and the fluid in the fracturing pipe 1 can directly enter the perforation fracturing space through the fracturing hole 41. The cracks on the rock wall will further expand until they reach the target layer, and the pressure curve area is stable.

[0054] After the perforation and fracturing of this section is completed, the sealing bag 21 is depressurized, the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component are reset, and the perforation and fracturing integrated device is moved to the next section that needs perforation and fracturing, and the perforation and fracturing operation of the next drilling section is carried out. This cycle is repeated until the perforation and fracturing operation of the section that needs fracturing in the entire borehole is completed.

[0055] The perforating and fracturing integrated device of the present invention solves the problem of separate arrangement of the perforating device and the fracturing device by integrating the perforating and fracturing together. During operation, the perforating process and the fracturing process can be seamlessly connected, thus simplifying the operation process and improving the operation efficiency.

[0056] Optionally, the isolation assembly 2 includes a bladder bag 21 , which is annular and covers the circumferential outer side of the fracturing tube 1 , and the inner cavity of the bladder bag 21 is connected to the inner cavity of the fracturing tube 1 .

[0057] The sealing component 2 is a bladder bag 21 in an annular shape, made of rubber or other elastic materials. When water is injected into the inner cavity of the sealing component 2, the bladder bag 21 will expand and abut against the inner wall of the borehole to seal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first adjusting component includes a first body 31, a first sliding member 33 and a first elastic member 34 that are connected to each other. The first body 31 is connected to the fracturing pipe 1 between two adjacent sealing assemblies 2. The first body 31 has a first cavity. The nozzle 32 is connected to the first body 31. The first cavity is connected to the inner hole of the fracturing pipe 1. The first sliding member 33 is movable relative to the first body 31. The first elastic member 34 is arranged between the first sliding member 33 and the first body 31.

[0059] The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the fracturing tube 1 on the first sliding member 33 is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the first elastic member 34 on the first sliding member 33. The fluid pressure of the fracturing tube 1 is adjusted to a first threshold value to drive the first sliding member 33 to move relative to the first body 31. The first sliding member 33 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first sliding member 33 and the nozzle 32 are arranged opposite to each other to block the connection between the first cavity and the nozzle 32. In the second state, the first sliding member 33 and the nozzle 32 are staggered to connect the first cavity and the nozzle 32.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic member 34 can keep the first sliding member 33 in a normally closed state, and when the first sliding member 33 is pressed and moved, it can be reset when the pressure is released again, which is convenient for the next use. At the same time, the embodiment of the present invention can be automatically controlled by fluid pressure to ensure the normal and stable operation of the perforating operation.

[0061] Optionally, the first elastic member 34 is a spring.

[0062] Furthermore, the first body 31 is a tube body, both ends of the first body 31 have first connecting parts, the fracturing tube 1 has a second connecting part, and the first body 31 and the fracturing tube 1 are connected together through the first connecting part and the second connecting part.

[0063] For example, the first connection portion is an external thread section, the fracturing tube 1 is provided with an internal thread section, and the fracturing tube 1 and the first body 31 are connected by threads.

[0064] For another example, the first connection portion is a quick-connect buckle, and the first body 31 and the fracturing tube 1 are quickly connected and fixed.

[0065] The inner cavity of the first body 31 of the embodiment of the present invention is coaxially arranged with the inner cavity of the fracturing tube 1 .

[0066] Optionally, there are multiple nozzles 32, and the multiple nozzles 32 are arranged in the circumference of the first body 31. Through the arrangement of multiple nozzles 32, multiple jet pores can be formed on the corresponding rock wall, which is convenient for subsequent fracturing operations.

[0067] Optionally, a fluid hole 36 is provided on the first sliding member 33, and in the second state, the fluid hole 36 is arranged opposite to the nozzle 32. When the first adjusting component is moved into place by the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe 1 (i.e., in the second state), the fluid hole 36 corresponds to the nozzle 32, and the fluid in the fracturing pipe 1 enters the nozzle 32 through the fluid hole 36, thereby realizing the perforating operation.

[0068] In some embodiments, the first body 31 has a first chamber 35, the first chamber 35 has a first opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube 1, the first sliding member 33 has a first end plate, the first end plate is slidably arranged in the first chamber 35, and the first end plate is sealed against the circumferential wall of the first chamber 35, and the first elastic member 34 is arranged in the first chamber 35.

[0069] It should be understood that the pressure of the fluid in the fracturing tube 1 acting on the first end plate can overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member 34, the first elastic member 34 contracts under pressure, the first end plate slides in the first chamber 35, and the first sliding member 33 moves synchronously. When the first sliding member 33 no longer blocks the fluid in the fracturing tube 1 from flowing to the nozzle 32, perforating operations can be performed.

[0070] Optionally, the first sliding member 33 is annular and is sleeved in the first cavity of the first body 31 .

[0071] In some embodiments, the second adjusting component includes a second sliding member 42 and a second elastic member 43, the second sliding member 42 is connected to the fracturing pipe 1, and the second elastic member 43 is arranged between the second sliding member 42 and the fracturing pipe 1. The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the perforation fracturing space on the second sliding member 42 is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the second elastic member 43 on the second sliding member 42. The fluid pressure in the perforation fracturing space is adjusted to a second threshold value to drive the second sliding member 42 to move relative to the fracturing pipe 1. The second sliding member 42 has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second sliding member 42 is arranged relative to the fracturing hole 41 to block the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe 1 from being connected to the perforation fracturing space through the fracturing hole 41. In the fourth state, the second sliding member 42 is staggered with the fracturing hole 41 to connect the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe 1 with the perforation fracturing space through the fracturing hole 41.

[0072] When the perforating operation continues, the pores on the rock wall no longer expand, and the fluid pressure in the perforating fracturing space continues to rise. When the fluid pressure in the perforating fracturing space reaches the second threshold, the pressure acting on the second sliding member 42 can overcome the force of the second elastic member 43, causing the second sliding member 42 to move, thereby allowing the fluid in the fracturing pipe 1 to directly enter the perforating fracturing space through the fracturing hole 41 to perform the fracturing operation.

[0073] Furthermore, the second sliding member 42 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the fracturing pipe 1 , and the second sliding member 42 can move due to the force of the fluid in the perforation fracturing space.

[0074] Optionally, the second elastic member 43 is a spring.

[0075] Optionally, there are multiple fracturing holes 41 , and each fracturing hole 41 is correspondingly provided with a second adjusting component, or multiple fracturing holes 41 are correspondingly provided with the same second adjusting component assembly.

[0076] It should be understood that when multiple fracturing holes 41 are arranged along the circumference of the fracturing pipe 1, multiple fracturing holes 41 can be set corresponding to the same second adjustment component, and the one second adjustment component can simultaneously control the connection or disconnection of multiple fracturing holes 41.

[0077] When a plurality of fracturing holes 41 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the fracturing pipe 1 , a plurality of second regulating components may be arranged to control each fracturing hole 41 respectively.

[0078] In some embodiments, a second chamber 44 is provided on the outer wall of the fracturing tube 1, the second chamber 44 has a second opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube 1, the second sliding member 42 has a second end plate, the second end plate is slidably arranged in the second chamber 44, and the second end plate is sealed against the circumferential wall of the second chamber 44, and the second elastic member 43 is arranged in the second chamber 44.

[0079] It should be understood that the pressure of the fluid in the perforation and fracturing space acting on the second end plate can overcome the elastic force of the second elastic member 43, the second elastic member 43 shrinks under pressure, the second end plate slides in the second chamber 44, and the second sliding member 42 moves synchronously. When the second sliding member 42 no longer blocks the fluid in the fracturing pipe 1 from flowing to the perforation and fracturing space, fracturing operations can be carried out.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of perforating assemblies, the number and spacing of nozzles in each perforating assembly, and the spacing between bags are reasonably selected according to the actual parameters of the rock formations in the coal mine. After the perforating assemblies and the fracturing pipes are connected together, they are combined into an integrated perforating and fracturing device.

[0081] The fracturing method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0082] S1. Carry out drilling construction.

[0083] The borehole includes an inclined section and a horizontal section, the inclined section is arranged near the borehole mouth, and the horizontal section is divided into multiple perforation and fracturing sections along its length direction. A directional long borehole with an inclined section of an inclined length of L1 and a horizontal section of a horizontal length of L2 is constructed in the tunnel drilling field by a directional drilling rig, wherein the inclination angle of the inclined section is φ, and the horizontal section of the directional long borehole is divided into n perforation and fracturing sections, and the spacing between each perforation and fracturing section is L2 / n.

[0084] S2. Arrange the integrated perforation and fracturing device according to any of the above embodiments in the borehole.

[0085] According to the sequence of perforation and fracturing, the integrated perforation and fracturing device is arranged at the bottom of the borehole, starting from the perforation and fracturing section closest to the bottom of the borehole, and the perforation and fracturing operation is carried out section by section outwards.

[0086] The end of the fracturing pipe close to the bottom of the borehole is provided with a plug, which is placed at a predetermined position at the bottom of the borehole. Since the isolation assembly is not only elastic and can expand, but also has a certain strength, the isolation assembly can also be used as a stabilizer during transportation inside the borehole to prevent the entire device from being affected by drilling cuttings.

[0087] S3, the fluid in the fracturing pipe flows into the packing assembly to seal the packing assembly.

[0088] The fracturing pipe is connected to the pump group, and the fluid is pumped into the fracturing pipe through the pump group. The fluid inside the fracturing pipe passes into the inner cavity of the isolation assembly. The isolation assembly expands and squeezes the side wall of the borehole, so that the fracturing pipe will not be displaced due to the friction between the isolation assembly and the borehole wall, and the sealing is completed.

[0089] S4. As the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe increases, the first regulating component is activated, and the nozzle in the perforating assembly is connected to the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe to perform the perforating operation.

[0090] The pump group continuously injects fluid into the fracturing tube. Under the joint constraints of the fracturing tube and the bladder, the fracturing tube does not move, and the fluid pressure in the fracturing tube continues to rise. The fluid squeezes the first sliding member in the first adjusting component, causing the first elastic member to begin to retract. When the first sliding member retracts to a certain position, the nozzle is connected to the fracturing tube, and the fluid in the fracturing tube forms an ultra-high-speed jet through the nozzle. The high-speed jet acts on the surface of the rock mass, and the rock mass is damaged and broken under the shear and tensile effects, and the cracks expand.

[0091] Observe the pressure curve during the perforation stage. When the pressure curve rises from slowly to rapidly, it means that the perforation channel is no longer expanding, the high-pressure jet is not enough to damage the rock mass, and the perforation stage is completed.

[0092] S5. As the fluid pressure in the perforation and fracturing space increases, the second regulating component is activated, and the perforation and fracturing space in the fracturing assembly and the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe are connected through the fracturing holes, and the fracturing operation is performed.

[0093] The pump group continuously injects fluid into the fracturing pipe to make the pressure inside the pipe greater than that outside the pipe. The perforating assembly continuously converts the fluid inside the fracturing pipe into high-speed jets to act on the rock mass. When the high-speed jets are not enough to damage the rock mass and the cracks no longer expand, the volume of the perforating fracturing space no longer changes. However, the fluid in the fracturing pipe continuously flows into the perforating fracturing space through the nozzle on the perforating assembly. Under the constraint of the perforating fracturing space formed by the bag and the borehole, the fluid pressure inside the space continues to rise. The fluid in the perforating fracturing space squeezes the second sliding member in the second adjusting component. When the second elastic member retracts to a certain position, the fracturing hole is opened. The fluid inside the fracturing pipe flows into the perforating fracturing space through the fracturing hole at a certain displacement. At this time, in order to achieve the preset fracturing effect, the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe is greater than the fluid pressure in the perforating stage. When the fluid pressure in the perforating fracturing space reaches the crack extension pressure, the target layer begins to be fractured, so that the crack expands and the pressure curve tends to be stable.

[0094] Observation holes and microseismic systems are arranged within the predetermined fracturing range to monitor the expansion range of the fracturing cracks. When the crack expansion reaches the designed target range, the fracturing is completed.

[0095] S6, releasing the fluid in the fracturing pipe, moving to the next perforation and fracturing section, and repeating the above steps S3 to S5 to perform the construction work of the next perforation and fracturing section.

[0096] Stop the pump group from injecting fluid into the fracturing pipe, disconnect the fracturing pipe from the pump group, release the fluid inside the fracturing pipe, the fluid pressure drops, and the first sliding member is reset. Since the fluid pressure inside the bladder is greater than the fluid pressure inside the fracturing pipe, the fluid in the bladder flows into the fracturing pipe, and the bladder shrinks away from the borehole wall to achieve pressure relief. The fluid in the perforation fracturing space is lost through the space between the bladder and the borehole wall, the fluid pressure in the perforation fracturing space drops, and the second sliding member is reset. The entire device is lifted to the next perforation fracturing section, and steps S3 to S5 are repeated to perform the joint operation of the next perforation fracturing section.

[0097] In some embodiments, the fluid pressure in the fracturing tube when the isolation assembly is set is less than the fluid pressure in the fracturing tube when the perforating assembly is perforating. In steps S4 and S5, the fluid pressure in the fracturing tube gradually increases, and steps S4 and S5 are alternately cycled until the fracturing cracks in the corresponding perforating fracturing section expand to a preset target range.

[0098] It should be understood that when the fracturing operation is performed, the fluid in the fracturing pipe will enter the perforation fracturing space through the nozzle and the fracturing hole. When the crack expansion speed is too fast, it may cause the fluid pressure in the perforation fracturing space to drop suddenly, thereby causing the second sliding member to reset. Therefore, there will be a situation where steps S4 and S5 are operated alternately and cyclically. At the same time, through this operation method, the respective advantages of perforation and fracturing can be further utilized to improve the effect and efficiency of fracturing.

[0099] In some embodiments, the horizontal section is located within the fracture target layer and is located in the middle and lower part of the fracture target layer.

[0100] Since the integrated perforating and fracturing device is placed approximately horizontally inside the borehole, the fluid accumulates in the lower part of the borehole under the action of gravity during the perforating process. The nozzles located in the middle and lower part of the fracturing pipe gradually transition from non-submerged perforating operation to submerged perforating operation, while the upper and left and right nozzles will maintain non-submerged perforating operation, resulting in complex perforating parameters around the borehole and affecting subsequent fracturing operations. Therefore, the borehole is arranged in the middle and lower part of the fracturing target layer to reduce the crack range in the lower part of the integrated perforating and fracturing device.

[0101] Furthermore, some detection equipment is also used in the fracturing method of the embodiment of the present invention. The detection equipment includes a microseismic detection system, a roof delamination instrument and a borehole stress gauge to monitor the energy field, displacement field and stress field of the operating area respectively.

[0102] Microseismic systems, roof delamination meters, borehole stress meters and other equipment are arranged in the perforation and fracturing area of ​​the coal mine working face. The effect of the regional perforation and fracturing process is verified by monitoring the energy field, displacement field and stress field of the coal mine working face.

[0103] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0104] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0105] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0106] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0107] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0108] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A perforation and fracturing integrated device, characterized in that: include: A fracturing pipe, one end of which is sealed and the other end of which is used to connect to a pump set; A packing assembly, wherein the packing assembly is arranged on the circumferential outer side of the fracturing pipe, and a perforation fracturing space is formed between two adjacent packing assemblies; A perforating assembly, the perforating assembly is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies, the perforating assembly has a nozzle and a first regulating component, and regulates the fluid pressure of the fracturing pipe to drive the first regulating component to operate and control the nozzle to be connected or disconnected with the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe; A fracturing assembly, wherein the fracturing assembly is located between two adjacent isolation assemblies, and the fracturing assembly includes a fracturing hole and a second adjusting component, wherein the fracturing hole is arranged on the fracturing pipe, and the second adjusting component corresponds to the fracturing hole and adjusts the fluid pressure of the perforation fracturing space to drive the second adjusting component to operate and control the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe to be connected or disconnected with the perforation fracturing space.

2. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first adjusting component comprises a first body, a first sliding member and a first elastic member connected to each other, the first body is connected to the fracturing pipe between two adjacent isolation assemblies, the first body has a first cavity, the nozzle is connected to the first body, the first cavity is connected to the inner hole of the fracturing pipe, the first sliding member is movable relative to the first body, and the first elastic member is arranged between the first sliding member and the first body; The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the fracturing tube on the first sliding member is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the first elastic member on the first sliding member. The fluid pressure of the fracturing tube is adjusted to a first threshold value to drive the first sliding member to move relative to the first body. The first sliding member has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first sliding member and the nozzle are arranged opposite to each other to block the connection between the first cavity and the nozzle. In the second state, the first sliding member and the nozzle are staggered to connect the first cavity and the nozzle.

3. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first body is a tube body, both ends of the first body have first connecting parts, the fracturing tube has a second connecting part, and the first body and the fracturing tube are connected together through the first connecting part and the second connecting part; And / or, the number of the nozzles is multiple, and the multiple nozzles are arranged in the circumference of the first body; And / or, the first sliding member is provided with a fluid hole, and in the second state, the fluid hole is arranged opposite to the nozzle; And / or, the first elastic member is a spring.

4. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The first body has a first chamber, the first chamber has a first opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube, the first sliding member has a first end plate, the first end plate is slidably arranged in the first chamber, and the first end plate is sealed against the circumferential wall of the first chamber, and the first elastic member is arranged in the first chamber.

5. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second adjusting component comprises a second sliding member and a second elastic member, the second sliding member is connected to the fracturing tube, and the second elastic member is arranged between the second sliding member and the fracturing tube; The direction of the force exerted by the fluid in the perforation and fracturing space on the second sliding member is opposite to the direction of the force exerted by the second elastic member on the second sliding member. The fluid pressure in the perforation and fracturing space is adjusted to a second threshold value to drive the second sliding member to move relative to the fracturing pipe. The second sliding member has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second sliding member is arranged opposite to the fracturing hole to block the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe from being connected to the perforation and fracturing space through the fracturing hole. In the fourth state, the second sliding member is staggered with the fracturing hole to connect the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe with the perforation and fracturing space through the fracturing hole.

6. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second sliding member is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the fracturing pipe; And / or, the second elastic member is a spring; And / or, there are multiple fracturing holes, each of which is correspondingly provided with one second adjusting component, or multiple fracturing holes are correspondingly provided with the same second adjusting component.

7. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fracturing tube has a second chamber, the second chamber has a second opening parallel to the axial direction of the fracturing tube, the second sliding member has a second end plate, the second end plate is slidably arranged in the second chamber, and the second end plate is sealed against the circumferential wall of the second chamber, and the second elastic member is arranged in the second chamber.

8. The perforation and fracturing integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly comprises a bladder bag, which is annular and covers the circumferential outer side of the fracturing tube, and the inner cavity of the bladder bag is communicated with the inner cavity of the fracturing tube.

9. A fracturing method, characterized in that: include: S1. Perform drilling construction; S2. Arranging the perforation and fracturing integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the borehole; S3, injecting fluid into the fracturing pipe, so that the fluid in the fracturing pipe flows into the packing assembly, so that the packing assembly is set; S4, as the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe increases, the first regulating component is actuated, and the nozzle in the perforating assembly is connected to the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe to perform a perforating operation; S5, as the fluid pressure in the perforation and fracturing space increases, the second regulating component is actuated, the perforation and fracturing space in the fracturing assembly and the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe are connected through the fracturing hole, and a fracturing operation is performed; S6, releasing the fluid in the fracturing pipe, moving to the next perforation and fracturing section, and repeating steps S3 to S5 to perform construction work of the next perforation and fracturing section.

10. The fracturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the packing assembly is set, the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe is less than the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe when the perforating assembly is perforating. In steps S4 and S5, the fluid pressure in the fracturing pipe gradually increases, and steps S4 and S5 are operated alternately and cyclically until the fracturing cracks in the corresponding perforating fracturing section expand to a preset target range. And / or, the borehole comprises an inclined section and a horizontal section, the inclined section is arranged near the orifice of the borehole, the horizontal section is divided into a plurality of perforation and fracturing sections along its length direction, and the horizontal section is located in the fracturing target layer and in the middle and lower part of the fracturing target layer; And / or, it also includes detection equipment, which includes a microseismic detection system, a roof delamination instrument and a borehole stress meter to monitor the energy field, displacement field and stress field of the operating area respectively.

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