Multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure. The supporting structure comprises a three-hinged arch support and a connecting assembly. The three-hinged arch bracket comprises a door-shaped arch bracket and a bottom pile; pin columns are mounted at the upper ends of the bottom piles; the upper end of the bottom pile is hinged with the bottom end of the arched bracket through the pin column; the arched support comprises an arched top and stand columns. The arched roof comprises an arc-shaped section and a straight pipe section; the arc-shaped section is arranged outside, and the straight pipe section is arranged inside; the connecting assembly comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a limiting rod. According to the three-hinged arch support, the vertical stress of an overlying rock mass is converted into the horizontal direction, and part of horizontal stress is counteracted; the hinged connection of the bottom piles and the arched supports can offset part of horizontal stress; the two are combined to prevent the roadway floor heave; the connecting assembly can meet the requirement for different distances of the adjacent three-hinged arch supports and can also meet the situation that the altitudes of roadways are different.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular to a multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure. Background Art

[0002] After the tunnel is excavated, the stress of the surrounding rock will be redistributed, and the deadweight of the overlying rock mass will exert force on the bottom rock layer through the inner walls on both sides of the tunnel, forming a lateral support pressure higher than the original rock stress. This lateral support pressure causes the bottom rock layer to bear the action of axial force. When the axial force exceeds the structural strength of the bottom rock layer, the bottom rock layer will bend and fail, thereby inducing bottom plate impact; the analysis of the mechanism of rock pressure induction of the tunnel floor shows that horizontal stress is the most important factor inducing rock pressure in the bottom plate. At present, the most common and widely used tunnel support structure is the steel support; the steel support includes steel columns, transverse beams and longitudinal beams, and has the advantages of high strength, high rigidity, simple installation and maintenance. However, the steel support has poor prevention and control effect on horizontal stress, and it is difficult to effectively prevent and control the bottom drum of the tunnel. The bottom drum of the tunnel refers to the situation where the bottom plate of the tunnel bulges out. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem and to provide a multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinge arch support structure includes a plurality of three-hinge arch supports and a connecting assembly connecting adjacent three-hinge arch supports; the three-hinge arch supports are arranged along the axis of the tunnel; the connecting assembly connects adjacent three-hinge arch supports into one body to jointly support the tunnel; each three-hinge arch support includes a gate-shaped arch support and a bottom pile; the bottom pile is entirely buried inside the bottom plate, connecting the three-hinge arch support and the bottom plate into one body, which can offset a part of the horizontal stress applied by the overlying rock mass, and prevent and control the bottom heave of the tunnel; a vertical support is installed on the upper end of the bottom pile. The pin column of the arch support; the upper end of the bottom pile is hinged to the bottom end of the arch support through the pin column; the overlying rock mass exerts force on the arch support, so that the bottom end of the three-hinged arch support exerts force on both sides horizontally; the force exerted on both sides horizontally is limited by the bottom pile on the one hand, and on the other hand, it offsets the horizontal stress exerted by part of the overlying rock mass to prevent and control the bottom heave of the tunnel; the arch support includes a connected arch top and columns; the columns are mainly used to resist the horizontal stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the arch top is mainly used to resist the downward vertical stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the arch top includes a connected arc The arc section is outside and the straight section is inside; the vertical stress exerted by the arc section on the overlying rock mass is converted to the horizontal direction; the connecting assembly includes connecting rod A, connecting rod B, and a limit rod; one end of connecting rod A is hinged to the straight section on the front arch support, and the other end is hinged to one end of connecting rod B; the other end of connecting rod B is hinged to the straight section on the rear arch support; both connecting rod A and connecting rod B can be tilted relative to the straight section to meet the needs of different spacings between adjacent three-hinged arch supports and the different altitudes of the tunnel; connecting rod A is evenly distributed with several Adjustment hole A is arranged horizontally; connecting rod B is evenly distributed with several adjustment holes B arranged horizontally; both ends of the limit rod are respectively connected with adjustment hole A and adjustment hole B through pin shaft A; the limit rod can lock the inclination angle of connecting rod A and connecting rod B, so that the free end of connecting rod A and the free end of connecting rod B are at a fixed distance; by selecting different adjustment holes A and adjustment holes B to cooperate with pin shaft A, the fixed distance can be changed to adapt to the different spacing requirements of adjacent three-hinge arch supports; the inclination of connecting rod A and connecting rod B relative to the straight pipe section can adapt to the different altitudes of various sections of the tunnel.

[0005] Preferably, the arch top also includes a straight sleeve; the arc section and the straight pipe section are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight sleeve; the two ends of the straight sleeve are respectively sleeved and connected to the end of the straight pipe section to achieve a detachable connection of the three-hinge arch bracket, which is easy to install and maintain.

[0006] Furthermore, the straight sleeve and the straight pipe section have an interference fit, which improves the structural strength of the arch top; on the other hand, the straight sleeve and the straight pipe section can absorb energy in the form of friction when subjected to force.

[0007] Preferably, a hinged column is embedded in the bottom of the column; an embedding groove matching the upper end of the hinged column is provided at the bottom of the column; the upper end of the hinged column is inserted into the embedding groove; an ear plate extends from the upper end of the bottom pile; a pin column passes through the ear plate and the lower end of the hinged column; the hinged column cooperates with the embedding groove and has a certain retractable function, which complies with the principle of pressure-yielding support, thereby achieving an overall protective effect on the tunnel.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the hinged column is interference fit with the embedded groove, which improves the connection strength between the hinged column and the embedded groove; on the other hand, the hinged column and the embedded groove can absorb energy in the form of friction when subjected to force.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower end of the hinged column has a rounded corner; the rounded corner abuts against the upper end of the bottom pile, and can absorb energy in the form of friction.

[0010] Furthermore, two ear plates extend from the upper end of the bottom pile; the gap between the ear plates is ≤ the thickness of the lower end of the hinged column, so that the ear plates and the side surfaces of the hinged column are closely rubbed and energy is absorbed in the form of friction.

[0011] Preferably, there are two limit rods in the connecting assembly; the two limit rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting rod A to improve the connection strength between the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B.

[0012] Preferably, connecting rod A and connecting rod B are hinged by pin B; the sum of the distance from any adjustment hole A to pin B and the distance from any adjustment hole B to pin B is ≥ the distance between the two pins A, so that all adjustment holes A and adjustment holes B can be used to lock the distance between the free end of connecting rod A and the free end of connecting rod B.

[0013] Furthermore, the sum of the distance from the innermost adjusting hole A to the pin shaft B and the distance from the innermost adjusting hole B to the pin shaft B = the distance between the two pin shafts A; when the pin shaft A is selected to install the innermost adjusting hole A and the innermost adjusting hole B, the connecting rod A, the connecting rod B and the limiting rod are collinear; a through hole matching the pin shaft B is provided at the midpoint of the limiting rod; the pin shaft B passes through the through hole to improve the connection strength between the limiting rod and the connecting rod A and the connecting rod B.

[0014] Preferably, the connection components are evenly distributed along the straight pipe section to improve the connection strength between adjacent three-hinge arch supports.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure of the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The three-hinge arch support of the present invention converts the vertical stress of the overlying rock mass into the horizontal direction, thereby offsetting part of the horizontal stress; the hinged connection between the bottom pile and the arch support can also offset part of the horizontal stress; the two are combined to prevent and control the bottom heave of the tunnel; the connecting assembly can adapt to the requirements of different spacings between adjacent three-hinge arch supports, and can also adapt to the different altitudes of the tunnel; (2) The articulated column of the present invention cooperates with the embedded groove and has a certain retractable function, which conforms to the principle of pressure-yielding support, thereby achieving an overall protective effect on the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The main view of Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 BB cross-sectional view; Figure 5 It is the connection diagram of the bottom pile; Figure 6 It is a stereogram of the connected components; In the figure: 1. three-hinge arch bracket, 11. arch bracket, 111. arch top, 1111. arc section, 1112. straight pipe section, 1113. straight sleeve, 112. column, 1121. hinged column, 11211. fillet, 1122. embedded groove, 12. bottom pile, 121. pin column, 122. ear plate, 2. connecting assembly, 21. connecting rod A, 211. adjusting hole A, 22. connecting rod B, 221. adjusting hole B, 23. limiting rod, 231. through hole, 232. pin shaft A, 24. connecting piece, 241. round sleeve, 242. connecting sleeve, 2421. pin shaft C, 25. pin shaft B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Example 1: See Figure 1-6A multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure comprises a plurality of three-hinged arch supports 1 and a connecting assembly 2 connecting adjacent three-hinged arch supports 1; the three-hinged arch supports 1 are arranged along the axis of the tunnel; the connecting assembly 2 connects adjacent three-hinged arch supports 1 into one, and jointly supports the tunnel; each three-hinged arch support 1 comprises a gate-shaped arch support 11 and a bottom pile 12; the bottom pile 12 is entirely buried inside the bottom plate, connecting the three-hinged arch support 1 with the bottom plate, and can offset a part of the horizontal stress applied by the overlying rock mass, so as to prevent and control the bottom bulge of the tunnel; a pin column 121 perpendicular to the arch support 11 is installed on the upper end of the bottom pile 12; the upper end of the bottom pile 12 is hinged with the bottom end of the arch support 11 through the pin column 121 The overlying rock mass exerts force on the arch support 11, so that the bottom end of the three-hinged arch support 1 exerts force on both sides horizontally; the force exerted on both sides horizontally is limited by the bottom pile 12 on the one hand, and on the other hand, it is offset by the horizontal stress exerted by part of the overlying rock mass, so as to prevent and control the bottom bulge of the roadway; the arch support 11 includes a connected arch top 111 and a column 112; the column 112 is mainly used to resist the horizontal stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the arch top 111 is mainly used to resist the downward vertical stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the arch top 111 includes a connected arc segment 1111 and a straight pipe segment 1112; the arc segment 1111 is outside, and the straight pipe segment 1112 is inside; the arc segment 1111 exerts force on the overlying rock mass The vertical stress added is converted to the horizontal direction; the connecting assembly 2 includes a connecting rod A 21, a connecting rod B 22, and a limit rod 23; one end of the connecting rod A 21 is hinged to the straight pipe section 1112 on the front arch support 11, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod B 22; the other end of the connecting rod B 22 is hinged to the straight pipe section 1112 on the rear arch support 11; the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 can be tilted relative to the straight pipe section 1112 to adapt to the requirements of different spacings between adjacent three-hinged arch supports 1, and can also adapt to the different altitudes of the tunnel; the connecting rod A 21 is evenly distributed with a number of horizontally arranged adjustment holes A 211; there are 3 adjustment holes A 211 in this embodiment; the connecting rod B 22 There are evenly distributed a number of horizontally arranged adjustment holes B 221; there are 3 adjustment holes B 221 in this embodiment; the two ends of the limit rod 23 are respectively connected to the adjustment hole A 211 and the adjustment hole B 221 through the pin shaft A 232; the limiting rod can lock the inclination angle of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22, so that the free ends of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 are at a fixed distance; by selecting different adjustment holes A 211, adjustment holes B 221 and the pin shaft A 232 to cooperate, the fixed distance can be changed to adapt to the different spacing requirements of adjacent three-hinge arch supports 1; the inclination of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 relative to the straight pipe section 1112 can adapt to the different altitudes of various sections of the tunnel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the three-hinge arch support 1 of the present invention converts the vertical stress of the overlying rock mass into the horizontal direction, offsetting part of the horizontal stress; the hinged connection between the bottom pile 12 and the arch support 11 can also offset part of the horizontal stress; the two are combined to prevent and control the bottom heave of the tunnel; the connecting component 2 can adapt to the requirements of different spacings between adjacent three-hinge arch supports 1, and can also adapt to the different altitudes of the tunnel.

[0019] The arch top 111 also includes a straight sleeve 1113; the arc section 1111 and the straight pipe section 1112 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight sleeve 1113; the two ends of the straight sleeve 1113 are respectively sleeved and connected to the end of the straight pipe section 1112, realizing the detachable connection of the three-hinge arch bracket 1, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0020] The straight sleeve 1113 and the straight pipe section 1112 are interference fit, which improves the structural strength of the arch top 111; on the other hand, the straight sleeve 1113 and the straight pipe section 1112 can absorb energy in the form of friction when subjected to force.

[0021] An articulated column 1121 is embedded at the bottom of the column 112; an embedding groove 1122 matching the upper end of the articulated column 1121 is provided at the bottom of the column 112; the upper end of the articulated column 1121 is inserted into the embedding groove 1122; an ear plate 122 extends from the upper end of the bottom pile 12; the pin column 121 passes through the ear plate 122 and the lower end of the articulated column 1121; the articulated column 1121 cooperates with the embedding groove 1122, has a certain retractable function, conforms to the principle of pressure-yielding support, thereby achieving an overall protective effect on the tunnel.

[0022] The upper end of the hinge column 1121 is interference fit with the embedding groove 1122, which improves the connection strength between the hinge column 1121 and the embedding groove 1122; on the other hand, the hinge column 1121 and the embedding groove 1122 can absorb energy in the form of friction when subjected to force.

[0023] The lower end of the hinged column 1121 is provided with a rounded corner 11211 ; the rounded corner 11211 abuts against the upper end of the bottom pile 12 , and can absorb energy in the form of friction.

[0024] Two ear plates 122 extend from the upper end of the bottom pile 12; the gap between the ear plates 122 is less than or equal to the thickness of the lower end of the hinge column 1121, so that the ear plates 122 and the side surfaces of the hinge column 1121 are closely rubbed against each other to absorb energy in the form of friction.

[0025] There are two limit rods 23 in the connecting assembly 2; the two limit rods 23 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting rod A 21 to improve the connection strength between the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22.

[0026] The connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 are hinged by the pin B 25; the sum of the distance from any adjusting hole A 211 to the pin B 25 and the distance from any adjusting hole B 221 to the pin B 25 is ≥ the distance between the two pin A 232, so that all the adjusting holes A 211 and the adjusting holes B 221 can be used to lock the distance between the free end of the connecting rod A 21 and the free end of the connecting rod B 22.

[0027] The connection components 2 are evenly distributed along the straight pipe section 1112 to improve the connection strength between adjacent three-hinge arch supports 1.

[0028] The connecting component 2 also includes a connecting piece 24; the free ends of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 are both installed with the connecting piece 24; the connecting piece 24 includes an integral circular sleeve 241 and a connecting sleeve 242; the connecting sleeve 242 is radially arranged along the circular sleeve 241; the circular sleeve 241 is sleeved on the straight pipe section 1112; the connecting sleeve 242 is connected to the free ends of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 through the pin shaft C 2421; the connecting component 2 forms a detachable connecting structure to facilitate assembly and maintenance and replacement.

[0029] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the overlying rock mass exerts force on the arch support 11, so that the bottom end of the three-hinge arch support 1 exerts force toward both horizontal sides; the force exerted toward both horizontal sides is limited by the bottom pile 12 on the one hand, and offsets the horizontal stress exerted by part of the overlying rock mass on the other hand, so as to prevent and control the bottom bulge of the tunnel; the column 112 is mainly used to resist the horizontal stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the arch top 111 is mainly used to resist the downward vertical stress exerted by the overlying rock mass; the limiting rod can lock the inclination angle of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22, so that the free ends of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 are at a fixed distance; by selecting different adjustment holes A 211 and adjustment holes B 221 to cooperate with the pin shaft A 232, the fixed distance can be changed to adapt to the different spacing requirements of adjacent three-hinge arch supports 1; the inclination of the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22 relative to the straight pipe section 1112 can adapt to the different altitudes of various sections of the tunnel.

[0030] Embodiment 2: Embodiment 2 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the similarities are not repeated here. The difference is that: the sum of the distance from the innermost adjusting hole A 211 to the pin B 25 and the distance from the innermost adjusting hole B 221 to the pin B 25 = the distance between the two pin A 232; when the pin A 232 is installed with the innermost adjusting hole A 211 and the innermost adjusting hole B 221, the connecting rod A 21, the connecting rod B 22, and the limiting rod are collinear; a through hole 231 matching the pin B 25 is provided at the midpoint of the limiting rod; the pin B 25 passes through the through hole 231 to improve the connection strength between the limiting rod and the connecting rod A 21 and the connecting rod B 22.

Claims

1. A multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure, characterized in that: It includes several three-hinge arch supports and connecting components connecting adjacent three-hinge arch supports; each three-hinge arch support includes a gate-shaped arch support and a bottom pile; the bottom pile is completely buried in the bottom plate; a pin column perpendicular to the arch support is installed on the upper end of the bottom pile; the upper end of the bottom pile is hinged to the bottom end of the arch support through the pin column; the arch support includes a connected arch top and a column; the arch top includes a connected arc section and a straight pipe section; the arc section is outside and the straight pipe section is inside; the connecting component includes a connecting rod A, a connecting rod B, and a limit rod; one end of the connecting rod A is hinged to the straight pipe section on the front arch support, and the other end is hinged to one end of the connecting rod B; the other end of the connecting rod B is hinged to the straight pipe section on the rear arch support; the connecting rod A is evenly distributed with a number of horizontally arranged adjustment holes A; the connecting rod B is evenly distributed with a number of horizontally arranged adjustment holes B; the two ends of the limit rod are respectively connected to the adjustment hole A and the adjustment hole B through the pin shaft A.

2. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The arch top also includes a straight sleeve; the arc section and the straight pipe section are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the straight sleeve; and the two ends of the straight sleeve are respectively sleeved and connected to the ends of the straight pipe section.

3. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The straight sleeve and the straight pipe section have an interference fit.

4. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hinged column is embedded at the bottom of the column; an embedding groove matching the upper end of the hinged column is provided at the bottom of the column; the upper end of the hinged column is inserted into the embedding groove; an ear plate extends from the upper end of the bottom pile; and a pin column penetrates the ear plate and the lower end of the hinged column.

5. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The upper end of the hinged column is interference fit with the embedded groove.

6. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the hinged column has a rounded corner, which butts against the upper end of the bottom pile.

7. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two ear plates extend from the upper end of the bottom pile; the gap between the ear plates is ≤ the thickness of the lower end of the hinged column.

8. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two limit rods in the connecting assembly; the two limit rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting rod A.

9. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod A and the connecting rod B are hinged through the pin shaft B; the sum of the distance from any adjusting hole A to the pin shaft B and the distance from any adjusting hole B to the pin shaft B is ≥ the distance between the two pin shafts A.

10. The multi-row telescopic pile foundation three-hinged arch supporting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting components are evenly distributed along the straight pipe section.

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