A water turbine adaptive aeration device, method and water turbine

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of turbine aeration, and specifically to a turbine adaptive aeration device, method and turbine, comprising a housing, a controller, a data acquisition device and a water inlet section, an air inlet section, a gas-liquid mixing chamber and an injection section arranged in the housing; one end of the housing is embedded in a turbine pressure pipe, the data acquisition device is arranged inside the turbine pressure pipe and is communicated with the controller; an aeration valve is arranged on the air inlet section, a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet section, the water inlet valve and the aeration valve are both electrically connected to the controller, the air inlet section and the water inlet section are both connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the injection section comprises an angle adjustment member and a nozzle, the angle adjustment member is connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the angle adjustment member is connected to the nozzle, and the angle adjustment member is electrically connected to the controller. The present invention can accurately control the amount and position of air injected into a water flow, form a stable and uniform aeration effect, and reduce the cavitation damage of water flow to components such as turbine blades.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water turbine aeration, and in particular to a water turbine adaptive aeration device, method and water turbine. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment in a hydropower station, the operating efficiency and stability of the turbine directly affect the power generation capacity and economic benefits of the entire power station. The turbine converts the energy of the water flow into rotational mechanical energy to drive the generator to generate electricity, and is an indispensable key component in modern hydropower systems. However, in actual operation, especially in complex environments such as high altitude, low air pressure, and high sand content, turbines often face problems such as cavitation, wear, and reduced efficiency, which is mainly caused by insufficient or unevenly distributed gas content in the water flow.

[0003] Traditional turbine nozzle design focuses more on guiding and accelerating water flow, but less on the incorporation of gas (such as air) and its impact on water flow characteristics. Although existing aeration technology can alleviate the cavitation problem to a certain extent, it often has defects such as difficulty in accurately controlling the amount of aeration and uneven aeration, which limits the stability of the turbine in the high-efficiency operating range. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a turbine adaptive aeration device, method and turbine, which can determine the aeration amount, aeration speed and aeration angle based on the flow velocity, water pressure and water temperature in the pressure pipeline, and can form a stable and uniform aeration effect, thereby significantly improving the cavitation resistance, operation stability and power generation efficiency of the turbine, so as to solve the technical problems of insufficient aeration accuracy and uniformity of existing aeration technologies.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: A turbine adaptive aeration device comprises a housing, a controller, a data acquisition device, a water intake section, an air intake section, a gas-liquid mixing chamber and an injection section;

[0006] One end of the shell is embedded in the pressure pipe of the turbine, and the water inlet section, air inlet end, gas-liquid mixing chamber and injection section are all arranged inside the shell, wherein the water inlet section and injection section are located at one end of the shell embedded in the pressure pipe;

[0007] The data acquisition device is arranged inside the pressure pipe of the water turbine, the signal output end of the data acquisition device is connected to the controller, and the data acquisition device includes a flow rate sensor, a water pressure sensor and a water temperature sensor;

[0008] The inlet side of the air intake section is connected to the air source, and an aeration valve is provided on the air intake section, and the aeration valve is electrically connected to the controller. The inlet side of the water intake section is connected to the water source, and a water intake valve is provided on the water intake section, and the water intake valve is electrically connected to the controller. The outlet sides of the air intake section and the water intake section are both connected to the inlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber. The injection section is composed of an angle adjustment member and a nozzle, and the inlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the outlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and the outlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the inlet side of the nozzle, and the angle adjustment member is electrically connected to the controller. The controller is configured to control the action of the aeration valve and / or the water intake valve and / or the angle adjustment member under different flow rates, water pressures and water temperatures of the turbine pressure pipeline, so that the injection section outputs at a specified aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the outer shell is wing-shaped, and the length direction of the outer shell is parallel to the water flow direction in the pressure pipe.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the inlet side of the water inlet section penetrates the side wall of the shell and is connected to the pressure pipe.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, a three-way pipe is further included, the outlet sides of the air inlet section and the water inlet section are connected to the inlet of the three-way pipe, and the outlet of the three-way pipe is connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the injection section further includes a rectifying structure, and the rectifying structure is connected between the angle adjustment member and the injection head.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the rectifying structure is spindle-shaped.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, the angle adjustment member includes a first angle adjustment member and a second angle adjustment member, the first angle adjustment member is connected between the gas-liquid mixing chamber and the rectifying structure, and the second angle adjustment member is connected between the rectifying structure and the nozzle.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the turbine adaptive aeration device is made of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy material.

[0016] The present invention also provides a water turbine, comprising the water turbine adaptive aeration device as described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for adaptive aeration of a water turbine, using the adaptive aeration device of a water turbine as described above, and the method steps are as follows:

[0018] Obtaining flow velocity information, water pressure information and water temperature information inside the turbine pressure pipe;

[0019] Determine the aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount based on the flow rate information, water pressure information and water temperature information;

[0020] The aeration valve, the water inlet valve and the angle adjustment member are controlled according to the aeration angle, the aeration speed and the aeration amount.

[0021] The invention provides a turbine adaptive aeration device, method and turbine technical solution with at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: (1) the invention determines the aeration amount, aeration speed and aeration angle based on the flow velocity, water pressure and water temperature in the pressure pipe, and can accurately control the amount and position of air injected into the water flow, form an effective bubble protection layer, form a stable and uniform aeration effect, reduce the cavitation damage of water flow to turbine blades and other components, thereby significantly improving the cavitation resistance and operation stability of the turbine; (2) the aeration strategy is automatically adjusted according to the actual operating conditions and environmental conditions of the turbine, which can ensure that the turbine maintains a stable operating state within a wider load range and improve the energy conversion efficiency; (3) the overall structure is simple, easy to install and subsequent operation and maintenance, and reduces the operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water turbine adaptive aeration device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for adaptive aeration of a hydraulic turbine provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure markings: 1-housing, 2-data acquisition device, 3-water inlet section, 301-water inlet valve, 4-air inlet section, 401-aeration valve, 5-gas-liquid mixing chamber, 6-injection section, 601-first angle adjustment member, 602-rectification structure, 603-second angle adjustment member, 604-nozzle, 7-tee pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine adaptive aeration device provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1As shown, the turbine adaptive aeration device comprises: a housing 1, a controller, a data acquisition device 2, a water intake section 3, an air intake section 4, a gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 and an injection section 6.

[0028] Among them, the turbine adaptive aeration device is mounted inside the outer shell 1. Based on the combination of the outer shell 1 and the turbine pressure pipe, the turbine adaptive aeration device can realize the aeration inside the turbine pressure pipe and the measurement of relevant parameters required for aeration; in order to improve the wear and corrosion resistance of the entire aeration device, the turbine adaptive aeration device is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy materials; the turbine adaptive aeration device provided in this embodiment has a simple overall structure, is easy to install and subsequent operation and maintenance, and reduces operating costs.

[0029] Specifically, one end of the shell 1 is embedded in the pressure pipe of the turbine, and the whole is located before the runner inlet to avoid unnecessary obstruction or interference to the water flow; in a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the shell 1 is airfoil-shaped, and the length direction of the shell 1 is parallel to the water flow direction in the pressure pipe, so that when the shell 1 is partially embedded in the pressure pipe, the airfoil shell 1 can reduce the impact force by dividing the water flow, thereby maintaining a stable connection between the shell 1 and the pressure pipe. Further, the water inlet section 3, the air inlet end, the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 and the injection section 6 are all arranged inside the shell 1, wherein the water inlet section 3 and the injection section 6 are located at one end of the shell 1 embedded in the pressure pipe, that is, in contact with the flowing water in the pressure pipe.

[0030] The data acquisition device 2 is arranged inside the pressure pipe of the turbine, preferably outside the housing 1, for example, at the front end of the housing 1, in direct contact with the incoming water in the pressure pipe, thereby ensuring the accuracy of parameter acquisition. The signal output end of the data acquisition device 2 is connected to the controller, and the collected water flow parameters are sent to the controller as a reference for aeration control. In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the data acquisition device 2 includes a flow rate sensor, a water pressure sensor, and a water temperature sensor.

[0031] The inlet side of the air intake section 4 is connected to the air source, and an air injection valve 401 is provided on the air intake section 4, and the air injection valve 401 is electrically connected to the controller; in one implementation of the present embodiment, the air source is a high-pressure air pump; the inlet side of the water intake section 3 is connected to the water source, and a water intake valve 301 is provided on the water intake section 3, and the water intake valve 301 is electrically connected to the controller; it should be noted that the inlet side of the water intake section 3 can be connected to an external water source, and can also directly obtain water from the inside of the pressure pipe. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the inlet side of the water intake section 3 passes through the side wall of the front end of the shell 1 and is connected to the pressure pipe, so as to directly obtain water from the pressure pipe.

[0032] The outlet sides of the air inlet section 4 and the water inlet section 3 are both connected to the inlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5, and the high-pressure gas provided by the air inlet section 4 and the water flow provided by the water inlet section 3 are mixed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5; it should be noted that by injecting the gas-liquid mixture, the content and distribution of gas in the water flow in the pressure pipe can be more finely adjusted, thereby optimizing the flow characteristics of the water flow; compared with direct aeration, the injection of the gas-liquid mixture can more evenly disperse the gas into the water flow, reduce the accumulation and escape of gas in local areas, thereby improving the aeration effect, which helps to reduce cavitation in the water flow and further improve the operating efficiency of the turbine; in addition, the injection of the gas-liquid mixture helps to stabilize the water flow state and reduce the impact and vibration of the water flow on the runner blades. This improvement in stability can reduce the noise level during the operation of the turbine, extend the service life of the equipment and improve the working environment.

[0033] In one implementation of the present embodiment, the water inlet section 3 and the injection section 6 are generally parallel to the water inlet direction of the pressure pipe, and the air inlet section 4 is perpendicular to the water inlet direction of the pressure pipe; further, the present embodiment also includes a tee pipe 7, the outlet sides of the air inlet section 4 and the water inlet section 3 are connected to the inlet of the tee pipe 7, and the outlet of the tee pipe 7 is connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5, and the air inlet section 4, the water inlet section 3 and the injection section 6 are generally T-shaped; wherein, the air inlet section 4 is made of elastic material to meet the angle change requirements of the tee pipe 7, and has higher toughness.

[0034] The injection section 6 is composed of an angle adjustment member and a nozzle 604, the inlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the outlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5, the outlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the inlet side of the nozzle 604, the angle adjustment member is electrically connected to the controller, the gas-liquid mixture in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 enters the nozzle 604 through the angle adjustment member, and the angle adjustment member can achieve the change of the aeration angle by adjusting its own angle; in this embodiment, the controller obtains the water flow parameters uploaded by each sensor, including flow rate, water pressure and water temperature, and the controller further calculates the aeration amount, aeration speed and aeration angle according to the obtained parameters. The specific configuration of the controller is as follows: the controller is configured to control the aeration valve 401 and / or the water inlet valve 301 and / or the angle adjustment member under different flow rates, water pressures and water temperatures of the turbine pressure pipeline, so that the injection section 6 outputs at a specified aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount.

[0035] The present invention determines the aeration amount, aeration speed and aeration angle based on the flow velocity, water pressure and water temperature in the pressure pipeline, can accurately control the amount and position of air injected into the water flow, form an effective bubble protection layer, form a stable and uniform aeration effect, and reduce the cavitation damage of water flow to components such as turbine blades, thereby significantly improving the cavitation resistance and operating stability of the turbine; in addition, the present invention automatically adjusts the aeration strategy according to the actual operating conditions and environmental conditions of the turbine, which can ensure that the turbine maintains a stable operating state within a wider load range and improve the energy conversion efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, the injection section 6 also includes a rectifying structure 602, which is connected between the angle adjustment member and the nozzle 604, and is used to improve the uniformity of the water flow entering the nozzle 604; in a preferred implementation of the present embodiment, the rectifying structure 602 is spindle-shaped with a large middle part and small ends, and the small ends on both sides are respectively connected to the angle adjustment member and the nozzle 604; it should be noted that the spindle-shaped design makes the entire flow channel without any turns, thereby greatly reducing the resistance coefficient of the gas-liquid mixture flow, so that the gas-liquid mixture maintains a more stable flow state during the circulation process, reduces the occurrence of adverse phenomena such as turbulence and eddy currents, helps to reduce energy loss, improve transportation efficiency, and protect downstream equipment and pipelines from impact and wear. In addition, the rectifying structure 602 can also be equipped with various control accessories, such as solenoid valves, limit switches, positioners, etc., to achieve remote centralized control and automated operation, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to further increase the flexibility of the angle adjustment of the injection section 6, two angle adjustment members are provided, which are respectively connected to the two sides of the rectification structure 602; specifically, the angle adjustment member includes a first angle adjustment member 601 and a second angle adjustment member 603, the first angle adjustment member 601 is connected between the gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 and the rectification structure 602, and the second angle adjustment member 603 is connected between the rectification structure 602 and the nozzle 604.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] This embodiment provides a water turbine based on the technical solution provided in Embodiment 1. The water turbine includes the water turbine adaptive aeration device as described in Embodiment 1.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for adaptive aeration of a water turbine based on the technical solution provided in Embodiment 1. The method for adaptive aeration of a water turbine uses the adaptive aeration device of a water turbine as described in Embodiment 1. Figure 2 As shown, the method steps are as follows:

[0042] Step 1: The controller obtains the flow velocity information, water pressure information and water temperature information inside the turbine pressure pipe in real time through the flow velocity sensor, water pressure sensor and water temperature sensor;

[0043] Step 2: The controller calculates the aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount based on the flow rate information, water pressure information and water temperature information;

[0044] Step 3: The controller controls the aeration valve 401, the water inlet valve 301 and the angle adjustment member according to the aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount, so that the injection section 6 outputs at the specified aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount.

[0045] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine adaptive aeration device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a controller, a data acquisition device (2), a water inlet section (3), an air inlet section (4), a gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) and a spray section (6); One end of the housing (1) is embedded in the pressure pipe of the turbine and is located before the runner inlet, and the water inlet section (3), the air inlet end, the gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) and the injection section (6) are all arranged inside the housing (1), wherein the water inlet section (3) and the injection section (6) are located at one end of the housing (1) embedded in the pressure pipe; The data acquisition device (2) is arranged inside the pressure pipe of the water turbine, the signal output end of the data acquisition device (2) is connected to the controller, and the data acquisition device (2) comprises a flow rate sensor, a water pressure sensor and a water temperature sensor; The inlet side of the air inlet section (4) is connected to the air source, and the air inlet section (4) is provided with an aeration valve (401), and the aeration valve (401) is electrically connected to the controller. The inlet side of the water inlet section (3) is connected to the water source, and the water inlet section (3) is provided with a water inlet valve (301), and the water inlet valve (301) is electrically connected to the controller. The outlet sides of the air inlet section (4) and the water inlet section (3) are both connected to the inlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (5). The spray section (6) is composed of an angle adjustment member and a spray head (6 04), the inlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the outlet side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber (5), the outlet side of the angle adjustment member is connected to the inlet side of the nozzle (604), the angle adjustment member is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is configured to control the aeration valve (401) and / or the water inlet valve (301) and / or the angle adjustment member under different flow rates, water pressures and water temperatures in the turbine pressure pipeline, so that the injection section (6) outputs at a specified aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount.

2. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is in the shape of an airfoil, and the length direction of the outer shell (1) is parallel to the direction of water flow in the pressure pipe.

3. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet side of the water inlet section (3) penetrates the side wall of the outer shell (1) and is connected to the pressure pipe.

4. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a three-way pipe (7), the outlet sides of the air inlet section (4) and the water inlet section (3) are connected to the inlet of the three-way pipe (7), and the outlet of the three-way pipe (7) is connected to the gas-liquid mixing chamber (5).

5. The water turbine adaptive aeration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The injection section (6) further comprises a rectifying structure (602), wherein the rectifying structure (602) is connected between the angle adjustment member and the injection head (604).

6. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rectifying structure (602) is spindle-shaped.

7. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle adjustment member comprises a first angle adjustment member (601) and a second angle adjustment member (603), wherein the first angle adjustment member (601) is connected between the gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) and the rectifying structure (602), and the second angle adjustment member (603) is connected between the rectifying structure (602) and the nozzle (604).

8. The self-adaptive aeration device for a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine adaptive aeration device is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant alloy material.

9. A water turbine, characterized in that: It comprises the turbine adaptive aeration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A method for adaptive aeration of a hydraulic turbine, characterized in that: Using the turbine adaptive aeration device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, the method steps are as follows: Obtaining flow velocity information, water pressure information and water temperature information inside the turbine pressure pipe; Determine the aeration angle, aeration speed and aeration amount based on the flow rate information, water pressure information and water temperature information; The aeration valve (401), the water inlet valve (301) and the angle adjustment member are controlled according to the aeration angle, the aeration speed and the aeration amount.

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