Metal hydride hydrogen storage systems and methods for hydrogen absorption and release

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage system and a method for hydrogen absorption and desorption. The metal hydride hydrogen storage system comprises n hydrogen storage units connected in series, where n is between 3 and 20, and n is a positive integer. Adjacent hydrogen storage units are connected by a detachable connection unit, which has an opening for hydrogen flow. Each hydrogen storage unit includes a tank filled with a hydrogen storage bed for hydrogen absorption / desorption and heat conduction. This hydrogen storage system allows for flexible control of the hydrogen storage volume, simplifies the filling of the hydrogen storage material, and improves heat transfer efficiency and control over hydrogen absorption / desorption rates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage, specifically to a metal hydride hydrogen storage system and methods for absorbing and releasing hydrogen. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a secondary energy source, has the characteristics of wide availability, clean and carbon-free operation, flexibility and efficiency, and wide application scenarios. It can be widely used in energy, transportation, industry, construction and other fields. It is an ideal interconnecting medium for promoting the clean and efficient use of traditional fossil energy and supporting the large-scale development of renewable energy, and will gradually become an important direction for global energy technology development.

[0003] Hydrogen can be stored and transported, but its low density and low volumetric energy density have become a key factor restricting the development of hydrogen energy. Improving the efficiency and reducing the cost of hydrogen storage and transportation are the key focuses of hydrogen storage and transportation technology development. Common hydrogen storage methods include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen, organic liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage. High-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage has low volumetric hydrogen density and high storage pressure (35-70 MPa), posing high safety risks. Liquid hydrogen needs to be stored below 20 K, and the liquefaction process is energy-intensive, with evaporation losses during use, which are problems that urgently need to be solved. Organic liquids have problems such as low hydrogen purity and poor cycle performance, requiring further research. Solid-state hydrogen storage provides a feasible hydrogen storage solution, with high volumetric hydrogen density, low operating pressure, and good reversibility, showing broad application prospects in transportation, microgrids, hydrogen compression, and thermal storage.

[0004] Hydrogen storage alloys are a class of materials that store hydrogen in the form of metal hydrides. Hydrogen storage alloys offer advantages such as good reversibility of hydrogen absorption and desorption, high hydrogen storage density per unit volume, high hydrogen purity during desorption, and high safety. Metal hydrides are formed by the reversible reaction between a metal alloy and hydrogen under specific temperature and pressure conditions. Hydrogen absorption is an exothermic reaction, while desorption is an endothermic process. The former occurs only when the supply pressure is greater than the equilibrium pressure, and the latter only occurs when the pressure is lower than the equilibrium pressure. During hydrogen absorption, the released heat needs to be removed from the reaction system promptly to maintain a favorable temperature. This helps to increase the hydrogen absorption rate and thus the hydrogen storage capacity. When hydrogen needs to be released, the endothermic reaction of the desorption process means that external heat must be provided to maintain a suitable hydrogen release rate. However, existing hydrogen storage alloy reactors suffer from poor heat transfer performance, low thermal conductivity of the hydrogen storage bed, and inconvenient loading of hydrogen storage materials, resulting in poor control of the hydrogen absorption and desorption rates and low reversible hydrogen storage density in the hydrogen storage system. Therefore, improving the system's heat transfer efficiency and the thermal conductivity of the hydrogen storage bed is crucial for enhancing the performance of metal hydride hydrogen storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of inconvenient hydrogen storage material filling, poor heat transfer efficiency of hydrogen storage systems, and difficulty in controlling hydrogen absorption and desorption rates in existing technologies. This invention provides a metal hydride hydrogen storage system and a method for hydrogen absorption and desorption. This hydrogen storage system can flexibly control the hydrogen storage volume, makes hydrogen storage material filling simpler, and can improve heat transfer efficiency and better control the hydrogen absorption and desorption rates.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogen storage system, wherein the hydrogen storage system comprises n hydrogen storage units connected in series, wherein n is 3-20 and n is a positive integer;

[0007] Adjacent hydrogen storage units are connected by a detachable connection unit, which has an opening for the flow of hydrogen.

[0008] The hydrogen storage unit includes a tank containing a hydrogen storage bed, which is used for hydrogen absorption / desorption and heat conduction.

[0009] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for absorbing and releasing hydrogen, wherein the method includes:

[0010] Hydrogen absorption reaction: Hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen storage system, and the hydrogen gas undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction with the hydrogen storage bed inside the hydrogen storage system. The heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction is absorbed by the first heat conduction medium.

[0011] Hydrogen release reaction: The hydrogen storage bed adsorbed with hydrogen gas is subjected to a hydrogen release reaction, and the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction is provided by a second heat transfer medium.

[0012] The hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions are carried out in the metal hydride hydrogen storage system described in the first aspect.

[0013] The inventors of this invention have discovered that existing hydrogen storage reactors are typically single tanks, making the filling of hydrogen storage materials cumbersome. Furthermore, these reactors lack perforations to create gas flow channels and the use of thermally conductive material plates, resulting in low heat transfer efficiency and slow hydrogen absorption / desorption rates. The hydrogen storage system provided by this invention consists of n hydrogen storage units stacked in series. These n units are detachably connected, and each unit is a modular structure that can be individually replaced. This facilitates control over the system's volume and allows for easy filling of the hydrogen storage bed. The detachable connection units of the hydrogen storage units have perforations to form special gas flow channels (preferably serpentine channels), ensuring sufficient contact between hydrogen and the hydrogen storage bed during storage, guaranteeing that the entire bed can absorb hydrogen and thus improving absorption efficiency. Preferably, the hydrogen storage bed is confined within the storage units, resulting in more uniform heat changes during absorption / desorption. This also avoids concentrated stress caused by the expansion of hydrogen storage materials in large containers. The hydrogen storage bed is equipped with hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates, increasing the bed's heat transfer coefficient and heat exchange area, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the metal hydride hydrogen storage system of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable connection unit of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the curve showing the change of hydrogen absorption rate as a function of relative hydrogen absorption amount in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the curve showing the change in average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet in Embodiment 1 of the present invention as a function of hydrogen absorption time;

[0018] Figure 5 This is the curve showing the change of hydrogen absorption rate as a function of relative hydrogen absorption amount in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is the curve showing the change in average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet in Embodiment 2 of the present invention as a function of hydrogen absorption time;

[0020] Figure 7 This is the curve showing the change of hydrogen absorption rate as a function of relative hydrogen absorption amount in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is the curve showing the change in average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet in Embodiment 3 of the present invention as a function of hydrogen absorption time;

[0022] Figure 9 This is the curve showing the change of hydrogen absorption rate as a function of relative hydrogen absorption amount in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is the curve showing the change in average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet in Embodiment 4 of the present invention as a function of hydrogen absorption time;

[0024] Figure 11 This is the curve showing the change of hydrogen absorption rate as a function of relative hydrogen absorption amount in Comparative Example 1 of this invention;

[0025] Figure 12 This is the curve showing the change in average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention with hydrogen absorption time.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0027] 1-Hydrogen storage unit 2-Tank

[0028] 3-Removable connecting unit 4-Sealing ring

[0029] 5-Opening 6-Gas tube

[0030] 7-Filter Detailed Implementation

[0031] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0032] In the description of this invention, terms such as "vertical," "horizontal," "top," and "bottom" indicate directions or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used merely for ease of description and do not require the invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "connected" and "linked" used in this invention are interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through intermediate components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The first aspect of this invention provides a metal hydride hydrogen storage system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage system includes n hydrogen storage units 1 connected in series, where n is between 3 and 20, and n is a positive integer;

[0034] Adjacent hydrogen storage units 1 are connected by a detachable connection unit 3, and the detachable connection unit 3 is provided with an opening 5 for the flow of hydrogen.

[0035] The hydrogen storage unit 1 includes a tank 2, which is filled with a hydrogen storage bed, which is used for hydrogen absorption / release and heat conduction.

[0036] In this invention, n hydrogen storage units connected in series and detachably linked vertically are selected as the hydrogen storage system. The volume of the hydrogen storage system can be adjusted by changing the number of units, and the filling of the hydrogen storage bed is facilitated, thus improving hydrogen storage efficiency. Furthermore, the detachable units have openings, and multiple openings form gas channels, resulting in a unique gas channel structure within the hydrogen storage system, such as a serpentine flow path. This enables safe and efficient hydrogen transportation as well as heat absorption and release. Moreover, the direction of hydrogen flow can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the relative positions of the openings on the detachable units as the gas channels circulate within the hydrogen storage system.

[0037] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the method of detachable connection. For example, the detachable connection can be a threaded connection. This invention only illustrates the threaded connection.

[0038] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the materials of the tank body and the detachable connecting unit. Preferably, the materials of the tank body 2 and the detachable connecting unit 3 are each independently selected from at least one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, carbon steel, and stainless steel. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that parameters such as tank weight, cost, and thermal conductivity can be adjusted according to the application scenario.

[0039] In this invention, preferably, n is 3-10, where n is a positive integer, such as 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or any value between two groups. By controlling the number of n values, the hydrogen storage volume of the hydrogen storage system can be flexibly adjusted, making it suitable for different application scenarios. When n is not within the above preferred range, the length-to-diameter ratio of the hydrogen storage system is too long, and when placed vertically, the bottom hydrogen storage unit bears a high load, increasing the risk.

[0040] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the height of the hydrogen storage system tank; those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs. Preferably, the height of the tank 2 is 50-600mm, and more preferably 50-300mm.

[0041] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the inner diameter of the hydrogen storage system tank; those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs. Preferably, the inner diameter of the tank 2 is 10-100 mm, and more preferably 20-50 mm.

[0042] The advantages of adopting the above preferred embodiment are that it facilitates the filling of the hydrogen storage bed and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] In this invention, to achieve flexible control of the hydrogen storage units, the various hydrogen storage units are connected through detachable connection units. This invention does not particularly limit the specific structure of the detachable connection units. For example... Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the detachable connecting unit 3 includes a disc detachably connected to the tank body 2, and the opening 5 is formed on the disc. Preferably, the detachable connecting unit 3 also includes a partition integrally connected to the outer peripheral wall of the disc, the edge of which is a regular polygon concentric with the disc. The present invention does not particularly limit the shape of the regular polygon, as long as it facilitates the disassembly of the detachable connecting unit; for example, it can be a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon, etc.

[0044] In this invention, preferably, a sealing ring 4 is fitted onto the outer peripheral wall of the disc, and the sealing ring 4 is used to seal the tank body 2. In this invention, the shape of the sealing ring is not particularly limited; preferably, the sealing ring is an O-ring.

[0045] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the material of the sealing ring. Preferably, the material of the sealing ring is selected from silicone, rubber, fluororubber, and PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it can meet the sealing requirements of the device and adjust parameters such as tank cost according to the application scenario.

[0046] In this invention, preferably, the ratio of the opening area of ​​the opening 5 to the area of ​​the disk is 0.02-0.15:1, and more preferably 0.04-0.1:1. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that the gas can flow along the openings of adjacent detachable connecting units to form a flow direction, while taking into account the gas transmission efficiency.

[0047] In this invention, preferably, the diameter of the opening 5 is 3-20 mm, more preferably 5-15 mm. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it allows gas to flow along the openings of adjacent detachable connecting units, while also ensuring gas transmission efficiency.

[0048] In this invention, the selection range for the location of the opening is relatively wide; it can be located at the center of the disk or at a non-central location, preferably at a non-central location. More preferably, the ratio of the distance between the center of the disk and the center of the opening 5 to the diameter of the disk is 0.25-0.4:1, and even more preferably 0.25-0.38:1. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it increases the contact time between the gas and the hydrogen storage bed during the gas flow process through the openings of adjacent detachable connection units.

[0049] In this invention, gas flow channels are formed on different hydrogen storage units through openings 5. This invention offers a wide range of options for the relative positions of the openings on each hydrogen storage unit, allowing for the formation of vertical, irregular, or regular flow channels, such as serpentine channels, with a preference for serpentine channels. Preferably, taking the opening 5 on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit as a reference, the openings 5 ​​are sequentially rotated 90-180° (preferably 140-180°) in the same direction along the axial direction of the tank body 2 from bottom to top. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is the formation of a specific gas flow channel structure, ensuring sufficient contact between hydrogen and the hydrogen storage material, thus improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] In this invention, it should be noted that, initially, the centers of the openings on the detachable connection units of the n hydrogen storage units are on the same axis. "Rotation in the same direction" means that the opening on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit is the first opening, which remains stationary. Relative to the first opening, the second opening rotates counterclockwise by 90-180° along the tank axis. After the second opening finishes rotating, it remains stationary, and relative to the second opening, the third opening continues to rotate counterclockwise by 90-180° along the tank axis, and so on. This results in the openings in the hydrogen storage system forming a gas flow channel structure from bottom to top, such as a serpentine flow channel. It should be noted that the above description is only illustrative of counterclockwise rotation; clockwise rotation is also acceptable, as long as the rotation direction of the multiple openings remains consistent.

[0051] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the filling height of the hydrogen storage bed, as long as it can achieve hydrogen storage and release as well as heat conduction. Preferably, the ratio of the height of the hydrogen storage bed to the height of the tank 2 is 0.7-0.95:1, more preferably 0.85-0.95:1. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it reduces the stress on the tank wall of the hydrogen storage unit caused by the expansion of the hydrogen storage material during hydrogen absorption and release.

[0052] In this invention, the composition of the hydrogen storage bed is not particularly limited, as long as it can achieve hydrogen storage and release as well as heat conduction. Preferably, the hydrogen storage bed is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and a thermally conductive material, and there are no particular limitations on the filling method of the two. Preferably, the hydrogen storage bed includes a hydrogen storage plate and a thermally conductive plate.

[0053] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the arrangement of the plates in the hydrogen storage bed. For example, they can be stacked alternately in an ABABAB pattern, an AABAAB pattern, or an ABBAB pattern. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs. Preferably, the hydrogen storage bed is formed by stacking hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates. More preferably, the hydrogen storage bed is formed by alternating stacking of hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates. This preferred embodiment is more conducive to the smooth storage and release of hydrogen and the conduction of heat.

[0054] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the filling height of the hydrogen storage tablets; those skilled in the art can select it according to actual needs. Preferably, the filling height of the hydrogen storage tablets is 5-50 mm, more preferably 5-20 mm. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it facilitates the formation of the hydrogen storage tablets and reduces the stress caused by material expansion during hydrogen absorption and desorption.

[0055] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the filling height of the thermally conductive pressure plate; those skilled in the art can select it according to actual needs. Preferably, the filling height of the thermally conductive pressure plate is 1-10 mm, more preferably 1-6 mm. The advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it improves the thermal conductivity of the hydrogen storage bed, reduces the stress generated by the expansion of the hydrogen storage pressure plate on the hydrogen storage system, and extends the service life of the hydrogen storage system.

[0056] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the components and the amount of each component in the hydrogen storage tablet. Preferably, the hydrogen storage tablet includes a hydrogen storage alloy and a thermally conductive material, and the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage alloy to the thermally conductive material in the hydrogen storage tablet is 1:0.01-0.2.

[0057] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the forming method of the hydrogen storage pellet. Preferably, the hydrogen storage pellet is formed by pressing a hydrogen storage alloy and a thermally conductive material together.

[0058] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the type of hydrogen storage alloy, and it can be any hydrogen storage alloy conventionally defined in the art. Preferably, the hydrogen storage alloy is selected from at least one of titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, and rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys, for example, LaNi5 alloy.

[0059] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the type of thermally conductive material, which can be any thermally conductive material conventionally defined in the art. Preferably, the thermally conductive material is selected from at least one of expanded graphite, thermally conductive fiber, graphite sheet, carbon nanotube, aluminum powder, copper powder, titanium powder, aluminum foam, nickel foam, and copper foam.

[0060] In this invention, the material of the thermally conductive sheet is not particularly limited. Preferably, the material of the thermally conductive sheet is selected from at least one of expanded graphite, thermally conductive fiber, graphite sheet, carbon nanotube, aluminum powder, copper powder, titanium powder, aluminum foam, nickel foam, and copper foam. The molding method of the thermally conductive sheet is not particularly limited in this invention; those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs.

[0061] In this invention, preferably, the system further includes a gas pipe 6 connected to the hydrogen storage unit 1. The gas pipe 6 is used to introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit 1 or release hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit 1. In this invention, the arrangement of the gas pipe is not particularly limited, as long as it enables the introduction and release of hydrogen. It can be connected to each of the n hydrogen storage units, or it can be connected to any one of the n hydrogen storage units. Preferably, the gas pipe 6 is connected to the uppermost hydrogen storage unit 1. Those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs to flexibly adjust the hydrogen storage capacity to suit different hydrogen storage scenarios.

[0062] In this invention, preferably, a filter 7 is provided inside the gas pipe 6. The method of setting the filter is not particularly limited in this invention, as long as it achieves the filtration of hydrogen gas. For example, it can be set at the gas inlet of the gas pipe or at the gas outlet of the gas pipe. Those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs.

[0063] In this invention, there are no particular limitations on the material and molding method of the filter; methods conventionally defined in the art are applicable to this invention. Preferably, the filter 7 is a copper-based and / or stainless steel-based porous sintered body, and more preferably a copper-based and / or stainless steel-based porous sintered body formed by powder metallurgy.

[0064] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the filtration accuracy of the filter, as long as hydrogen gas can be filtered. Those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual needs. Preferably, the accuracy of the filter 7 is 0.5-2 μm.

[0065] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for absorbing and releasing hydrogen, wherein the method includes:

[0066] Hydrogen absorption reaction: Hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen storage system, and the hydrogen gas undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction with the hydrogen storage bed inside the hydrogen storage system. The heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction is absorbed by the first heat-conducting medium.

[0067] Hydrogen release reaction: The hydrogen storage bed with adsorbed hydrogen is subjected to a hydrogen release reaction, and the second heat-conducting medium is used to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction;

[0068] The hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions are carried out in the metal hydride hydrogen storage system described in the first aspect.

[0069] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the method of hydrogen absorption and release is carried out in the hydrogen storage system described in the first aspect. In this invention, the method of hydrogen absorption and release is not particularly limited; for example, it can be carried out in the following manner: Hydrogen gas is introduced from top to bottom into n series-connected hydrogen storage units 1 through the inlet of the gas pipe 6. The n series-connected hydrogen storage units 1 are threaded together by detachable connecting units 3. Openings 5 ​​on the multiple detachable connecting units 3 form gas channels (preferably serpentine channels). Hydrogen gas flows through the gas channels in the tank 2 and contacts the hydrogen storage bed in the tank 2 to undergo a hydrogen absorption reaction. The hydrogen storage bed includes hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates. The hydrogen storage unit absorbs hydrogen upon contact with the hydrogen storage plate. The heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction is transferred to the outer wall of the tank through the heat-conducting plate. The first heat-conducting medium absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction and releases it into the atmosphere. During the hydrogen absorption reaction, hydrogen is continuously introduced and continuously absorbs hydrogen in n hydrogen storage units. When the required hydrogen storage capacity is reached, hydrogen is released. After the hydrogen absorption reaction is completed, the hydrogen storage unit with adsorbed hydrogen undergoes a hydrogen release reaction. The hydrogen flow method is the same as the hydrogen absorption reaction, and a second heat-conducting medium is used to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction. The detachable hydrogen storage unit 1 facilitates the flexible absorption and release of hydrogen, realizing flexible adjustment of the hydrogen storage capacity and safe and efficient transportation of hydrogen.

[0070] The present invention does not particularly limit the selection of the first and second heat-conducting media; those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs. Preferably, the first and second heat-conducting media are each independently air and / or water vapor.

[0071] In this invention, the conditions for the hydrogen absorption reaction are not particularly limited. Preferably, the conditions for the hydrogen absorption reaction include: a temperature of 10-50°C, a pressure of 0.5-50 MPa, and a temperature of the first heat-conducting medium of 10-50°C.

[0072] In this invention, the conditions for the hydrogen release reaction are not particularly limited. Preferably, the conditions for the hydrogen release reaction include: a temperature of 30-100°C, a pressure of 0.1-50 MPa, and a temperature of the second heat-conducting medium of 30-100°C.

[0073] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] like Figure 1As shown, the metal hydride hydrogen storage system consists of four hydrogen storage units 1 connected in series vertically. Each hydrogen storage unit 1 is connected by a detachable connecting unit 3 via threads. Each hydrogen storage unit 1 includes a tank body 2 and a sealing ring 4. The tank body 2 is filled with a hydrogen storage bed to achieve hydrogen absorption, release, and heat conduction. Both the tank body 2 and the detachable connecting unit 3 are made of 304 stainless steel. The tank body 2 has a height of 60 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm. A gas pipe 6 is located at the top of the hydrogen storage system and connects to the uppermost hydrogen storage unit 1. The gas pipe 6 has a diameter of 6 mm and contains a filter 7 made of sintered 316L stainless steel with a precision of 2 μm. Hydrogen gas is filtered by the filter 7 and then enters or exits the hydrogen storage system through the gas pipe 6.

[0076] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detachable connection unit 3 includes a disc threadedly connected to the tank body 2 and a partition integrally connected to the outer peripheral wall of the disc. The edge of the partition is a regular hexagon concentric with the disc. A sealing ring 4 is fitted on the outer peripheral wall of the disc to facilitate sealing of the tank body 2. An opening 5 is provided on the disc, with a diameter of 6 mm. The ratio of the opening area of ​​the opening 5 to the area of ​​the disc is 0.04:1, and the ratio of the distance between the center of the disc and the center of the opening 5 to the diameter of the disc is 0.25:1. Taking the opening 5 on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit 1 as a reference, the openings 5 ​​are arranged sequentially in the same direction, rotating 180° from bottom to top along the axial direction of the tank body 2. Multiple openings 5 ​​form a gas flow channel, in which hydrogen flows and contacts the hydrogen storage bed to perform hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, hydrogen storage blister packs and thermally conductive blister packs are stacked alternately to form a hydrogen storage bed, which is then filled into tank 2. The height ratio of the hydrogen storage bed to the height of tank 2 is 0.93:1. The hydrogen storage blister packs are made of LaNi5 alloy and expanded graphite, with a mass ratio of LaNi5 alloy to expanded graphite of 1:0.05. The height of the hydrogen storage blister packs is 10 mm, and the height of the thermally conductive blister packs is 1.5 mm.

[0078] The hydrogen absorption reaction occurs when the hydrogen inlet pressure rises to 0.8 MPa in 1 second and is maintained at 0.8 MPa before being introduced into the hydrogen storage system. The hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen and reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the system at an initial temperature of 293 K. The outside of the hydrogen storage system is air at 293 K, which absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0079] The hydrogen release reaction is carried out by the hydrogen storage alloy adsorbed with hydrogen at an initial temperature of 343K and a constant outlet pressure of 0.1MPa. The hydrogen storage system is surrounded by air at 343K to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction.

[0080] Numerical simulations of the hydrogen storage system were performed using COMSOL software. Mass, energy, and momentum balance equations were constructed, as follows:

[0081] Mass conservation equation for hydrogen storage alloys:

[0082] The mass conservation equation for gases:

[0083] in, m This represents the change in mass. ε 1 and ε 2 represents the porosity of the hydrogen storage tablet and the thermally conductive tablet, respectively. a The actual mass of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage tablet and The mass ratio, b This refers to the volume ratio of hydrogen storage tablets to the hydrogen storage bed. ρ s For the density of hydrogen storage alloy, t For reaction time, u g For the velocity field of hydrogen gas, ρ g The density is the gas density.

[0084] The velocity field of hydrogen gas was calculated using Darcy's law:

[0085] in, K For penetration rate, μ g The viscosity coefficient of hydrogen gas is... P g This is the pressure of hydrogen gas.

[0086] For the hydrogen absorption reaction, the reaction rate equation is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] For the hydrogen exothermic reaction, the reaction rate equation is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] in, C a and C d These are the pre-exponential factors for hydrogen absorption and hydrogen release reactions, respectively. E a and E d These are the activation energies for the hydrogen absorption and hydrogen release reactions, respectively. R g The gas constant is... T The reaction temperature, Peq To balance the pressure for a chemical reaction, ρ ss The density of the hydrogen storage alloy after complete hydrogen absorption. ρ 0 represents the initial density of the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0091] The equilibrium pressure for a chemical reaction is given by the Van't Hoff equation:

[0092]

[0093] The energy balance equation for the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction in tank 2 is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] in, M g denoted as , where is the molar mass of hydrogen gas.

[0096] The effective heat capacity of the hydrogen storage tablet is:

[0097] The effective thermal conductivity of the hydrogen storage tablet is:

[0098] The effective heat capacity of the thermally conductive press is:

[0099] The effective thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive press is:

[0100] in, C p,g , C p,s1 and C p,st The heat capacities of hydrogen, hydrogen storage blister pack, and thermally conductive blister pack, respectively, are λ. g , λ s and λ st The thermal conductivity of hydrogen, hydrogen storage tablets, and thermally conductive tablets are respectively. ρ s1 and ρ st These are the densities of the hydrogen storage blister pack and the thermally conductive blister pack, respectively.

[0101] For a heat-conducting medium, the mass balance equation is:

[0102] in, ρ f Density of the thermally conductive medium, u f This represents the velocity field of the heat-conducting medium.

[0103] For a thermally conductive medium, the momentum balance equation is as follows:

[0104]

[0105] The heat transfer equation inside the heat-conducting medium is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] in:

[0108] in, C p,f λ is the heat capacity of the heat-conducting medium. f The effective thermal conductivity of the heat-conducting medium, P f The pressure of the heat-conducting medium.

[0109] For the tank wall and detachable connection units, the heat transfer equation is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] in, The heat capacity of a solid (tank wall or detachable connecting unit). Effective thermal conductivity of a solid (tank wall or detachable connection unit).

[0112] The heat transfer equation between the hydrogen storage bed (including hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates), the solid (tank wall or detachable connection unit), and the thermally conductive medium is as follows:

[0113] in, q For heat flux, h The heat transfer coefficient between the two is... T 1 and T 2 refers to the individual temperatures of two adjacent phases with different temperatures (e.g., when calculating heat transfer between a solid and a heat-conducting medium). T 1 and T 2 refers to the temperature of the contact surface between the solid and the heat-conducting medium, respectively.

[0114] Using the above equations, the changes in various parameters within the hydrogen storage system can be calculated. For example... Figure 3 The curve showing the hydrogen absorption rate versus relative hydrogen absorption capacity indicates that when the absorption rate decreases to 0.0083 wt% / s, the relative hydrogen absorption capacity is 73%, which is 2.6 times that of Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the hydrogen storage system can absorb more hydrogen at a faster rate. Figure 4The average temperature of the hydrogen storage diaphragm changes with hydrogen absorption time. After the start of hydrogen absorption, the average temperature of the hydrogen storage diaphragm rises rapidly and drops to 310 K after 5485 s. This is 27% less than the time in Comparative Example 1, indicating that the system has better heat exchange capacity and can improve the heat exchange rate of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, which is beneficial to improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate.

[0115] Example 2

[0116] The hydrogen storage system and method of Example 1 are used, except that the metal hydride hydrogen storage system consists of seven hydrogen storage units 1 connected in series vertically. The tank body 2 and the detachable connection unit 3 are both made of 304 stainless steel. The tank body 2 has a height of 130 mm and an inner diameter of 20 mm. A gas pipe 6 is located at the top of the hydrogen storage system and connects to the uppermost hydrogen storage unit 1. The gas pipe 6 has a diameter of 6 mm and contains a filter 7 made of sintered 316L stainless steel with a precision of 2 μm. Hydrogen gas is filtered by the filter 7 and then enters or exits the hydrogen storage system through the gas pipe 6.

[0117] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detachable connection unit 3 includes a disc threadedly connected to the tank body 2 and a partition integrally connected to the outer peripheral wall of the disc. The edge of the partition is a regular hexagon concentric with the disc. A sealing ring 4 is fitted on the outer peripheral wall of the disc to facilitate sealing of the tank body 2. An opening 5 is provided on the disc, with a diameter of 5mm. The ratio of the opening area of ​​the opening 5 to the area of ​​the disc is 0.06:1, and the ratio of the distance between the center of the disc and the center of the opening 5 to the diameter of the disc is 0.3:1. Taking the opening 5 on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit as a reference, the openings 5 ​​are sequentially rotated 145° in the same direction along the axial direction of the tank body 2 from bottom to top. Multiple openings 5 ​​form a gas flow channel, in which hydrogen flows and contacts the hydrogen storage bed to perform hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions.

[0118] like Figure 1 As shown, hydrogen storage blister packs and thermally conductive blister packs are stacked alternately to form a hydrogen storage bed, which is then filled into tank 2. The height ratio of the hydrogen storage bed to the height of tank 2 is 0.89:1. The hydrogen storage blister packs are made of LaNi5 alloy and expanded graphite, with a mass ratio of LaNi5 alloy to expanded graphite of 1:0.05. The height of the hydrogen storage blister packs is 20 mm, and the height of the thermally conductive blister packs is 4 mm.

[0119] The hydrogen absorption reaction occurs when the hydrogen inlet pressure rises to 0.8 MPa in 1 second and is maintained at 0.8 MPa before being introduced into the hydrogen storage system. The hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen and reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the system at an initial temperature of 293 K. The outside of the hydrogen storage system is air at 293 K, which absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0120] The hydrogen release reaction is carried out by the hydrogen storage alloy adsorbed with hydrogen at an initial temperature of 343K and a constant outlet pressure of 0.1MPa. The hydrogen storage system is surrounded by air at 343K to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction.

[0121] Numerical simulations of the hydrogen storage system were performed using COMSOL software. For example... Figure 5 The curve showing the hydrogen absorption rate versus relative hydrogen absorption capacity indicates that when the absorption rate decreases to 0.0083 wt% / s, the relative hydrogen absorption capacity is 92%, which is 3.3 times that of Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the hydrogen storage system can absorb more hydrogen at a faster rate. Figure 6 The average temperature of the hydrogen storage diaphragm changes with hydrogen absorption time. The temperature rises rapidly after the start of hydrogen absorption and drops to 310K after 3650s, which is 51% less than that of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the system has better heat exchange capacity, which can improve the heat exchange rate of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process and is beneficial to improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate.

[0122] Example 3

[0123] The hydrogen storage system and method of Example 1 are used, except that the metal hydride hydrogen storage system consists of four hydrogen storage units 1 connected in series vertically. Both the tank body 2 and the detachable connection unit 3 are made of 304 stainless steel. The tank body 2 has a height of 190 mm and an inner diameter of 40 mm.

[0124] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the detachable connection unit 3 includes a disc threadedly connected to the tank body 2 and a partition integrally connected to the outer peripheral wall of the disc. The edge of the partition is a regular hexagon concentric with the disc. A sealing ring 4 is fitted on the outer peripheral wall of the disc to facilitate sealing of the tank body 2. An opening 5 is provided on the disc, with a diameter of 12mm. The ratio of the opening area of ​​the opening 5 to the area of ​​the disc is 0.09:1, and the ratio of the distance between the center of the disc and the center of the opening 5 to the diameter of the disc is 0.32:1. Taking the opening 5 on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit as a reference, the openings 5 ​​are sequentially rotated 160° in the same direction along the axial direction of the tank body 2 from bottom to top. Multiple openings 5 ​​form a gas flow channel, in which hydrogen flows and contacts the hydrogen storage bed to perform hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions.

[0125] like Figure 1 As shown, hydrogen storage blister packs and thermally conductive blister packs are stacked alternately to form a hydrogen storage bed, which is then filled into tank 2. The height ratio of the hydrogen storage bed to the height of tank 2 is 0.91:1. The hydrogen storage blister packs are made of LaNi5 alloy and expanded graphite, with a mass ratio of LaNi5 alloy to expanded graphite of 1:0.05. The height of the hydrogen storage blister packs is 9 mm, and the height of the thermally conductive blister packs is 6 mm.

[0126] The hydrogen absorption reaction occurs when the hydrogen inlet pressure rises to 0.8 MPa in 1 second and is maintained at 0.8 MPa before being introduced into the hydrogen storage system. The hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen and reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the system at an initial temperature of 293 K. The outside of the hydrogen storage system is air at 293 K, which absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0127] The hydrogen release reaction is carried out by the hydrogen storage alloy adsorbed with hydrogen at an initial temperature of 343K and a constant outlet pressure of 0.1MPa. The hydrogen storage system is surrounded by air at 343K to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction.

[0128] Numerical simulations of the hydrogen storage system were performed using COMSOL software. For example... Figure 7 The curve showing the hydrogen absorption rate versus relative hydrogen absorption capacity indicates that when the absorption rate decreases to 0.0083 wt% / s, the relative hydrogen absorption capacity is 87%, which is 3.1 times that of Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the hydrogen storage system can absorb more hydrogen at a faster rate. Figure 8 The average temperature of the hydrogen storage diaphragm changes with hydrogen absorption time. The temperature rises rapidly after the start of hydrogen absorption and drops to 310K after 5010s, which is 33% less than that of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the system has better heat exchange capacity, which can improve the heat exchange rate of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process and is beneficial to improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] The hydrogen storage system and method of Example 1 are adopted, except that, taking the opening 5 on the detachable connection unit 3 at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit as the reference, the centers of multiple openings 5 ​​are located on the same axis from bottom to top.

[0131] The hydrogen absorption reaction occurs when the hydrogen inlet pressure rises to 0.8 MPa in 1 second and is maintained at 0.8 MPa before being introduced into the hydrogen storage system. The hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen and reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the system at an initial temperature of 293 K. The outside of the hydrogen storage system is air at 293 K, which absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0132] The hydrogen release reaction is carried out by the hydrogen storage alloy adsorbed with hydrogen at an initial temperature of 343K and a constant outlet pressure of 0.1MPa. The hydrogen storage system is surrounded by air at 343K to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction.

[0133] Numerical simulations of the hydrogen storage system were performed using COMSOL software. For example... Figure 9 The curve showing the hydrogen absorption rate versus relative hydrogen absorption capacity indicates that when the absorption rate decreases to 0.0083 wt% / s, the relative hydrogen absorption capacity is 67%, which is 2.4 times that of Comparative Example 1. This demonstrates that the hydrogen storage system can absorb more hydrogen at a faster rate. Figure 10 The average temperature of the hydrogen storage diaphragm changes with hydrogen absorption time. The temperature rises rapidly after the start of hydrogen absorption and drops to 310K after 5670s, which is 25% less than that of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the system has better heat exchange capacity, which can improve the heat exchange rate of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process and is beneficial to improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate.

[0134] Comparative Example 1

[0135] The method follows the same pattern as in Example 1, except that the metal hydride hydrogen storage system is a cylindrical tank with an opening at the top and a gas pipe. The tank is made of 304 stainless steel. The height of the tank is 60 mm and the inner diameter is 30 mm. The gas pipe is located at the top of the hydrogen storage system and communicates with the tank. The diameter of the gas pipe is 6 mm, and a filter is installed inside the gas pipe. The filter is made of sintered 316L stainless steel with a precision of 2 μm. Hydrogen gas is filtered by the filter and then enters or exits the hydrogen storage system through the gas pipe. An opening 5 with a diameter of 6 mm is provided at the top of the tank. The tank is filled with a hydrogen storage bed composed of hydrogen storage blister packs. The hydrogen storage blister packs are made of LaNi5 alloy and expanded graphite, with a mass ratio of LaNi5 alloy to expanded graphite of 1:0.05.

[0136] The hydrogen absorption reaction occurs when the hydrogen inlet pressure rises to 0.8 MPa in 1 second and is maintained at 0.8 MPa before being introduced into the hydrogen storage system. The hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen and reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy in the system at an initial temperature of 293 K. The outside of the hydrogen storage system is air at 293 K, which absorbs the heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction.

[0137] The hydrogen release reaction is carried out in a hydrogen storage alloy that has adsorbed hydrogen gas at an initial temperature of 343 K and a constant outlet pressure of 0.1 MPa. The external environment of the hydrogen storage system is air at 343 K to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction. Figure 11 The curve showing the hydrogen absorption rate versus relative hydrogen absorption shows that when the hydrogen absorption rate decreases to 0.0083 wt% / s, the relative hydrogen absorption is 28%. Figure 12 The figure shows the average temperature of the hydrogen storage tablet as a function of hydrogen absorption time. The temperature rises rapidly after the start of hydrogen absorption and drops to 310 K after 7512 s.

[0138] As can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples, the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen storage bed provided by the present invention have better heat exchange effect, which is beneficial to the heat exchange between the hydrogen storage bed and the outside during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, thereby improving the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction rate.

[0139] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal hydride hydrogen storage system, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage system comprises n hydrogen storage units connected in series (1), where n is 3-20 and n is a positive integer; Adjacent hydrogen storage units (1) are connected by a detachable connection unit (3), and the detachable connection unit (3) is provided with an opening (5) for the flow of hydrogen. The hydrogen storage unit (1) includes a tank (2) filled with a hydrogen storage bed, which is used for hydrogen absorption / desorption and heat conduction. Based on the opening (5) on the detachable connection unit (3) at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit, the opening (5) is set to rotate 90-180° in the same direction along the axial direction of the tank body (2) from bottom to top. The openings (5) on the multiple detachable connection units (3) form gas channels through which hydrogen flows in the tank (2).

2. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The value of n is between 3 and 10, where n is a positive integer.

3. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The height of the tank (2) is 50-600mm.

4. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 3, wherein, The height of the tank (2) is 50-300mm.

5. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The inner diameter of the tank (2) is 10-100mm.

6. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 5, wherein, The inner diameter of the tank (2) is 20-50 mm.

7. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The detachable connection unit (3) includes a disc that is detachably connected to the tank body (2), and the opening (5) is formed on the disc.

8. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, wherein, The ratio of the area of ​​the opening (5) to the area of ​​the disk is 0.02-0.15:

1.

9. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 8, wherein, The ratio of the area of ​​the opening (5) to the area of ​​the disk is 0.04-0.1:

1.

10. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, wherein, The diameter of the opening (5) is 3-20 mm.

11. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 10, wherein, The diameter of the opening (5) is 5-15 mm.

12. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 7, wherein, The ratio of the distance between the center of the disk and the center of the opening (5) to the diameter of the disk is 0.25-0.4:

1.

13. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 12, wherein, The ratio of the distance between the center of the disk and the center of the opening (5) to the diameter of the disk is 0.25-0.38:

1.

14. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, Based on the opening (5) on the detachable connection unit (3) at the bottom of the lowest hydrogen storage unit, the opening (5) is rotated 140-180° in the same direction along the axial direction of the tank body (2) from bottom to top.

15. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The height ratio of the hydrogen storage bed to the tank (2) is 0.7-0.95:

1.

16. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 15, wherein, The height ratio of the hydrogen storage bed to the tank (2) is 0.8-0.95:

1.

17. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The hydrogen storage bed includes a hydrogen storage plate and a thermally conductive plate.

18. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 17, wherein, The hydrogen storage bed is composed of stacked hydrogen storage plates and thermally conductive plates.

19. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 17, wherein, The filling height of the hydrogen storage tablets is 5-50 mm.

20. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 19, wherein, The filling height of the hydrogen storage tablets is 5-20 mm.

21. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 17, wherein, The filling height of the thermally conductive pressure plate is 1-10mm.

22. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 21, wherein, The filling height of the thermally conductive pressure plate is 1-6mm.

23. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 17, wherein, The hydrogen storage pellet comprises a hydrogen storage alloy and a thermally conductive material, wherein the mass ratio of the hydrogen storage alloy to the thermally conductive material in the hydrogen storage pellet is 1:0.01-0.

2.

24. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 23, wherein, The hydrogen storage alloy is selected from at least one of titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, and rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys.

25. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 23, wherein, The thermally conductive material is selected from at least one of expanded graphite, thermally conductive fiber, graphite sheet, carbon nanotube, aluminum powder, copper powder, titanium powder, aluminum foam, nickel foam, and copper foam.

26. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 17, wherein, The material of the thermally conductive press sheet is selected from at least one of expanded graphite, thermally conductive fiber, graphite sheet, carbon nanotube, aluminum powder, copper powder, titanium powder, aluminum foam, nickel foam, and copper foam.

27. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The hydrogen storage system also includes a gas pipe (6) connected to the hydrogen storage unit (1), the gas pipe (6) being used to introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit (1) or release hydrogen from the hydrogen storage unit (1).

28. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 27, wherein, The air tube (6) is equipped with a filter (7).

29. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 28, wherein, The filter (7) is a copper-based and / or stainless steel-based porous sintered body.

30. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 29, wherein, The filter (7) is a copper-based and / or stainless steel-based porous sintered body formed by powder metallurgy.

31. The hydrogen storage system according to claim 28, wherein, The filter (7) has an accuracy of 0.5-2 μm.

32. A method for absorbing and releasing hydrogen, wherein, The method includes: Hydrogen absorption reaction: Hydrogen gas is introduced into the hydrogen storage system, and the hydrogen gas undergoes a hydrogen absorption reaction with the hydrogen storage bed inside the hydrogen storage system. The heat generated by the hydrogen absorption reaction is absorbed by the first heat conduction medium. Hydrogen release reaction: The hydrogen storage bed adsorbed with hydrogen gas is subjected to a hydrogen release reaction, and a second heat transfer medium is used to provide the heat required for the hydrogen release reaction; The hydrogen absorption and desorption reactions are carried out in the metal hydride hydrogen storage system according to any one of claims 1-31.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein, The first and second heat-conducting media are each independently air and / or water vapor.

34. The method according to claim 32, wherein, The conditions for the hydrogen absorption reaction include: a temperature of 10-50℃, a pressure of 0.5-50MPa, and a temperature of 10-50℃ for the first heat-conducting medium.

35. The method according to claim 32, wherein, The conditions for the hydrogen release reaction include: a temperature of 30-100℃, a pressure of 0.1-50MPa, and a temperature of 30-100℃ for the second heat transfer medium.

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