Flue gas quenching device and high-temperature flue gas cooling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue gas quenching device and a high-temperature flue gas cooling method. By using the flue gas quenching device, high-temperature flue gas can be rapidly cooled, the high-temperature resistance of the flue gas quenching device is improved, and the production cost of the flue gas quenching device is reduced. The flue gas quenching device comprises a quench cooler (1), a smoke guide cylinder (2) and a cooling liquid inlet pipe (1-7). A bent pipe assembly (2-2) is arranged on the smoke guide cylinder (2) and used for atomizing cooling liquid introduced into the smoke guide cylinder (2). The cooling liquid inlet pipe (1-7) is arranged on the quench cooler (1) and used for spraying cooling liquid into a cavity of the quench cooler (1) and enabling the cooling liquid to form a first liquid film on the inner wall face of the cavity of the quench cooler (1), the first liquid film enters the smoke guide cylinder (2) under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide cylinder (2), and the first liquid film and the atomized cooling liquid in the smoke guide cylinder (2) form a second liquid film.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas cooling, and in particular relates to a flue gas rapid cooling device and a high-temperature flue gas cooling method. Background Art

[0002] The combustible solid waste generated during the operation of the post-processing plant is mainly treated by incineration technology. Incineration is a safe and efficient inorganic volume reduction treatment method. The volume of the incineration ash is only a few tenths of the original waste, which greatly reduces the cost of waste storage and disposal; and the combustible waste is converted into inorganic matter after incineration, becoming inert incineration ash, which improves stability and safety.

[0003] However, the flue gas produced by incineration has the characteristics of high temperature, high content of sulfur / nitrogen and other elements, radioactivity, dioxin and other toxic and harmful gases, which do not meet the requirements of direct emission. Therefore, the high-temperature flue gas needs to be treated. According to the characteristics of incineration flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas should be cooled before it is treated. Cooling needs to take into account the following difficulties at the same time:

[0004] A. The temperature of incineration flue gas is about 800℃, and the material of the quenching device needs to withstand high temperature;

[0005] B. The dioxin synthesis temperature range is 200℃-650℃. The high-temperature flue gas needs to be rapidly cooled to ensure that the flue gas quickly crosses the synthesis temperature range of harmful substances (dioxins) within 1 second to avoid the synthesis of harmful substances.

[0006] At present, the cooling equipment used in the same type of engineering applications is generally a two-stage cooling equipment, which is connected in series. Each stage of cooling equipment cools the flue gas passing through by spraying coolant inside. The first stage of cooling equipment first cools the high-temperature flue gas of about 800℃ to about 200℃; the second stage of cooling equipment further reduces the flue gas temperature to about 80℃. In order to withstand high temperatures, the equipment material needs to use expensive nickel-based alloys, which are extremely expensive, making the production cost of the cooling equipment high. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a flue gas rapid cooling device and a high-temperature flue gas cooling method in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, which can quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas, improve the high-temperature resistance of the flue gas rapid cooling device, and reduce the production cost of the flue gas rapid cooling device.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas quenching device, which includes a quench cooler and a smoke guide tube. The quench cooler has a cavity inside, the top of the quench cooler has a smoke inlet, and the bottom of the quench cooler has a smoke outlet; the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet are both connected to the cavity. The smoke guide tube is arranged below the quench cooler and is connected to the smoke outlet; the smoke guide tube is provided with a bend pipe assembly, and the bend pipe assembly is used to atomize the coolant introduced into the smoke guide tube. The coolant inlet pipe is arranged on the quench cooler, and is used to spray the coolant into the cavity of the quench cooler, and the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler, and the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube, and forms a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the cavity of the quench cooler through the flue gas inlet of the quench cooler, it contacts the first liquid film on the inner wall of the cavity of the quench cooler to reduce its temperature, and enters the smoke guide tube through the flue gas outlet of the quench cooler, and contacts the first liquid film, the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide tube and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube to continue to reduce its temperature.

[0009] In some embodiments, the quench cooler includes an upper cover plate and a lower cone. The flue gas inlet is arranged on the top of the upper cover plate. The lower cone is arranged below the upper cover plate, and together with the upper cover plate, forms a cavity of the quench cooler; the shape of the lower cone is an inverted cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the bottom of the lower cone forms the flue gas outlet. The number of the coolant inlet pipes is two or more, and each of the coolant inlet pipes is arranged at the same height of the lower cone along the tangent direction of the lower cone, and the rotation direction of each of the coolant inlet pipes is the same, which is used to spray coolant into the interior of the lower cone along the tangent direction of the lower cone, and make the coolant flow downward under the action of its own gravity to form a first liquid film on the inner wall of the lower cone.

[0010] In some embodiments, the top of the lower cone is first bent outward and then bent upward to form a lower cone water storage ring. Each of the coolant inlet pipes is arranged at the same height of the cone water storage ring along the tangent direction of the cone water storage ring; the coolant sprayed from the coolant inlet pipe is first stored in the lower cone water storage ring, and then overflows downward under the action of its own gravity to form a first liquid film on the inner wall of the lower cone.

[0011] In some embodiments, a smoke inlet pipe is provided on the upper cover plate. The smoke inlet pipe vertically penetrates the upper cover plate and is sealedly connected to the upper cover plate. The upper end of the smoke inlet pipe forms the smoke inlet of the quench cooler, and the lower end of the smoke inlet pipe extends to between the cone water storage ring and the smoke outlet, so that after the high-temperature smoke enters the cavity of the quench cooler through the smoke inlet pipe, it contacts with the first liquid film on the inner wall of the lower cone for cooling.

[0012] In some embodiments, the upper cover plate is further provided with an observation mirror, through which the interior of the cavity of the quench cooler can be observed.

[0013] In some embodiments, all of the coolant inlet pipes are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower cone.

[0014] In some embodiments, the quench cooler further comprises a cooling liquid ring pipe which is disposed around the outside of the lower cone and is connected to each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes for conveying cooling liquid to each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes.

[0015] In some embodiments, each of the coolant inlet pipes includes a first pipe and a second pipe. The first end of the first pipe is connected to the coolant ring pipe, and the second end of the first pipe is provided with a first flange; the first end of the second pipe is arranged at the same height of the lower cone along the tangent direction of the lower cone, and the second end of the second pipe is provided with a second flange; the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other so that the second end of the first pipe and the second end of the second pipe are connected to each other. A replaceable sleeve is provided in the second pipe; one end of the replaceable sleeve extends into the lower cone, and the other end of the replaceable sleeve is turned outward to form a mounting ring, and the mounting ring is provided between the first flange and the second flange. After the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other, the mounting ring can be clamped and sealed so that the coolant in the first pipe can be sprayed into the lower cone through the replaceable sleeve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cone angle of the lower cone is α, 46°≤α≤74°.

[0017] In some embodiments, the side wall of the smoke guide tube has an opening. The elbow assembly includes a flange cover and an elbow. The flange cover is arranged on the opening of the side wall of the smoke guide tube. The outlet end of the elbow passes through the flange cover and is sealedly connected with the flange cover, and the outlet end of the elbow extends into the smoke guide tube and bends downward, and a nozzle is arranged at the outlet end of the elbow; the elbow is used to introduce coolant, and the coolant is sprayed out from the nozzle to atomize the coolant.

[0018] In some embodiments, the elbow assembly further includes a guide plate and a fin. The guide plate is disposed on the side wall of the smoke guide tube and is located above the elbow, and is used to guide the coolant on the side wall of the smoke guide tube to the elbow. The fin is disposed on the outer wall of the portion of the elbow extending into the smoke guide tube and is disposed along the extension direction of the elbow, and is used to guide the coolant directed to the elbow.

[0019] Therefore, the flue gas quenching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a quench cooler and a coolant inlet pipe, and the coolant inlet pipe is used to spray coolant into the quench cooler cavity, so that the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the quench cooler cavity. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the quench cooler cavity through the flue gas inlet of the quench cooler, the high-temperature flue gas can contact with the first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the quench cooler cavity, and the high-temperature flue gas can be cooled by heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption of the first liquid film; by providing a smoke guide tube, and providing a bent pipe assembly on the smoke guide tube, and using the bent pipe assembly for The coolant introduced into the smoke guide is atomized. After the first liquid film enters the smoke guide under the action of gravity, it can form a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the smoke guide through the smoke outlet of the quench cooler, it contacts with the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide. The high-temperature flue gas can continue to be cooled by heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption of the first liquid film, the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide, so that the flue gas quenching device can quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas entering it. In addition, the first liquid film can be used as a protective layer on the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler covered by the first liquid film. The first liquid film and the second liquid film can also be used as protective layers on the inner wall surface of the smoke duct to prevent high-temperature flue gas from directly contacting the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler covered by the first liquid film and the inner wall surface of the smoke duct, thereby preventing the high temperature of the high-temperature flue gas from damaging the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler covered by the first liquid film and the inner wall surface of the smoke duct, thereby improving the high temperature tolerance of the portion of the quench cooler covered by the first liquid film and the smoke duct. Therefore, the material of the portion of the quench cooler covered by the first liquid film and the smoke duct does not need to be set to a high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy, which is beneficial to reducing the material cost of the quench cooler and the smoke duct, thereby reducing the production cost of the flue gas quenching device.

[0020] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a high-temperature flue gas cooling method, which uses the flue gas quenching device in the first aspect, and the high-temperature flue gas cooling method includes: introducing a coolant into the bent pipe assembly, so that the bent pipe assembly atomizes the coolant introduced into the smoke guide tube; spraying the coolant into the quench cooler cavity through the coolant inlet pipe, so that the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler, the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube, and forms a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube; inputting the high-temperature flue gas into the cavity of the quench cooler through the smoke inlet of the quench cooler, the high-temperature flue gas contacts the liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler to cool it, and enters the smoke guide tube through the smoke outlet of the quench cooler, contacts the first liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide tube, and the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube to continue cooling it.

[0021] The high-temperature flue gas cooling method provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned flue gas rapid cooling device, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 : A structural diagram of a flue gas quenching device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 : A cross-sectional view of a quench cooler provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 : A top view of a quench cooler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 : A cross-sectional view of a lower cone provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 : A structural diagram of a smoke guide provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 : A structural diagram of a bending pipe assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flue gas rapid cooling device, which is applied to a flue gas cooling process to cool down high-temperature flue gas.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the flue gas quenching device includes a quench cooler 1, a smoke guide tube 2 and a coolant inlet pipe 1-7. The quench cooler 1 has a cavity, the top of the quench cooler 1 has a smoke inlet 1A, and the bottom of the quench cooler 1 has a smoke outlet 1B. The smoke inlet 1A and the smoke outlet 1B are both connected to the cavity. The smoke guide tube 2 is arranged below the quench cooler 1 and is connected to the smoke outlet 1B; the smoke guide tube 2 is provided with a bend assembly 2-2, and the bend assembly 2-2 is used to atomize the coolant introduced into the smoke guide tube 2. The coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is arranged on the quench cooler 1, and is used to spray the coolant into the cavity of the quench cooler 1, and the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler 1. The first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube 2 under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube 2, and forms a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the cavity of the quench cooler 1 through the flue gas inlet 1A of the quench cooler 1, it contacts the first liquid film on the inner wall of the cavity of the quench cooler 1 to reduce its temperature, and enters the smoke guide 2 through the flue gas outlet 1B of the quench cooler 1, and contacts the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide 2 and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide 2 to continue to reduce its temperature.

[0032] Exemplarily, the flue gas inlet 1A is connected to a superior device (such as an incinerator) to receive high-temperature flue gas discharged from the superior device.

[0033] Exemplarily, the high temperature flue gas is waste gas generated by the combustion of radioactive waste in a reprocessing plant.

[0034] For example, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 800°C, and the flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas entering the quench cooler 1 is 2000m 3 / h.

[0035] It should be noted that by reducing the flow rate of high-temperature flue gas entering the quench cooler 1, the flue gas quenching device can be used to cool down high-temperature flue gas with a higher temperature, such as high-temperature flue gas with a temperature of 850°C.

[0036] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the smoke guide tube 2 is vertically arranged below the quench cooler 1, and the top end of the smoke guide tube 2 is sealed and connected to the bottom end of the quench cooler 1 through a flange.

[0037] Exemplarily, the cooling liquid can be cooling water or cooling brine. The temperature of the cooling liquid is not particularly required and can be room temperature.

[0038] After the curved pipe assembly 2-2 atomizes the coolant, the atomized coolant can fill the smoke guide 2 below the curved pipe assembly 2-2, thereby increasing the contact area between the coolant and the high-temperature flue gas in the smoke guide 2. The atomized coolant cools the high-temperature flue gas through heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption.

[0039] Exemplarily, the coolant inlet pipe 1 - 7 is connected to an external coolant pipeline, and the external coolant pipeline is used to provide high-pressure coolant, so that the coolant can be sprayed into the cavity of the quench cooler 1 at a high speed.

[0040] Exemplarily, the pressure of the high-pressure coolant is in the range of 0.3 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

[0041] It can be understood that the coolant has an initial velocity and direction after being sprayed into the quencher 1. Due to the restriction of the inner wall of the quencher 1, it will flow along the inner wall of the quencher 1, so that the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quencher 1. After entering the quencher 1, the high-temperature flue gas will first contact the first liquid film, and the first liquid film can cool the high-temperature flue gas through heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption. The first liquid film can also isolate and protect the part of the inner wall surface of the quencher 1 covered by it, so as to avoid the high temperature of the high-temperature flue gas from damaging the inner wall surface of the part of the quencher 1 covered by the first liquid film, and improve the high temperature tolerance of the part of the inner wall surface covered by the first liquid film in the quencher 1. Therefore, the material of the part of the quencher 1 covered by the first liquid film does not need to be set to a high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy. For example, the material of the part of the quencher 1 covered by the first liquid film can be set to aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other materials, which is conducive to reducing the material cost of the smoke guide 2.

[0042] It should be noted that after the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube 2, it will move downward along the inner wall surface of the smoke guide tube 2 under the action of gravity. After the first liquid film contacts the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2 (the contact position is near the nozzle of the bent pipe assembly 2-2), it will become a second liquid film. The thickness of the second liquid film will be slightly greater than the thickness of the first liquid film.

[0043] Similarly, after entering the smoke guide tube 2, the high-temperature flue gas will contact the first liquid film, the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2. The first liquid film, the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2 can continue to cool the high-temperature flue gas through heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption. The first liquid film and the second liquid film can also serve as a protective layer on the inner wall surface of the smoke guide tube 2 to prevent the high-temperature flue gas from directly contacting the inner wall surface of the smoke guide tube 2, thereby preventing the high temperature of the high-temperature flue gas from damaging the inner wall surface of the smoke guide tube 2 and improving the high temperature tolerance of the smoke guide tube 2. Therefore, the material of the smoke guide tube 2 does not need to be set to a high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy. For example, the material of the smoke guide tube 2 can be set to aluminum alloy, stainless steel and other materials, which is conducive to reducing the material cost of the smoke guide tube 2.

[0044] The inventors also tested the cooling effect of the flue gas rapid cooling device in this embodiment. After testing, the flue gas rapid cooling device can reduce the temperature of high-temperature flue gas with a flue gas volume of 2000m3 / h from 800℃ to 80℃ within 0.5s, so that the high-temperature flue gas can quickly cross the dioxin synthesis temperature range and reduce the synthesis of harmful substances.

[0045] Therefore, the flue gas quenching device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a quench cooler 1 and a coolant inlet pipe 1-7, and the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is made to spray coolant into the cavity of the quench cooler 1, so that the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler 1. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the cavity of the quench cooler 1 through the flue gas inlet 1A of the quench cooler 1, the high-temperature flue gas can contact with the first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler 1, and the high-temperature flue gas is cooled by heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption of the first liquid film; by providing a smoke guide 2, and providing a bend pipe assembly 2-2 on the smoke guide 2, and making the bend pipe assembly Component 2-2 is used to atomize the coolant introduced into the smoke guide 2. After the first liquid film enters the smoke guide 2 under the action of gravity, it can form a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide 2. After the high-temperature flue gas enters the smoke guide 2 through the smoke outlet 1B of the quench cooler 1, it contacts the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide 2 and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide 2. The high-temperature flue gas can continue to be cooled by heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption of the first liquid film, the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide 2, so that the flue gas quenching device can quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas entering it. Furthermore, the first liquid film can be used as a protective layer on the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler 1 covered by the first liquid film, and the first liquid film and the second liquid film can also be used as protective layers on the inner wall surface of the smoke duct 2 to prevent high-temperature flue gas from directly contacting the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler 1 covered by the first liquid film and the inner wall surface of the smoke duct 2, thereby preventing the high temperature of the high-temperature flue gas from damaging the inner wall surface of the portion of the quench cooler 1 covered by the first liquid film and the inner wall surface of the smoke duct 2, thereby improving the high temperature tolerance of the portion of the quench cooler 1 covered by the first liquid film and the smoke duct 2. Therefore, the material of the portion of the quench cooler 1 covered by the first liquid film and the smoke duct 2 does not need to be set to a high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy, which is beneficial to reducing the material cost of the quench cooler 1 and the smoke duct 2, thereby reducing the production cost of the flue gas quenching device.

[0046] In some examples, a tower kettle is provided at the outlet of the smoke guide 2, and the tower kettle is used to collect the coolant flowing out of the outlet of the smoke guide 2. After being purified by the tower kettle, the coolant is collected into the external coolant pipeline, and then passed into the flue gas quenching device again to cool the high-temperature flue gas, so that the coolant can be recycled.

[0047] In the case where high-temperature flue gas contains radioactive particles, the recycled coolant can reduce the amount of radioactive coolant ultimately produced and reduce the amount of radioactive waste that ultimately needs to be disposed of.

[0048] When high-temperature flue gas contains elements such as sulfur and nitrogen, the circulating coolant may become corrosive. In order to avoid corrosion of the flue gas quenching device, the material of the flue gas quenching device needs to be replaced with corrosion-resistant material.

[0049] For example, the material of the part covered by the first liquid film in the quench cooler 1 and the material of the smoke guide 2 can both be glass fiber reinforced plastics. Glass fiber reinforced plastics have good corrosion resistance, and due to the isolation protection of the first liquid film and the second liquid film, the temperature of the part covered by the first liquid film in the quench cooler 1 and the smoke guide 2 is maintained within the normal tolerance temperature of the glass fiber reinforced plastics.

[0050] In addition, the material cost of FRP is relatively low, which can also reduce the production cost of the flue gas quenching device.

[0051] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the quench cooler 1 includes an upper cover plate 1-1 and a lower cone 1-6. The flue gas inlet 1A is arranged at the top of the upper cover plate 1-1. The lower cone 1-6 is arranged below the upper cover plate 1-1, and together with the upper cover plate 1-1, it forms a cavity of the quench cooler 1. The shape of the lower cone 1-6 is an inverted cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the bottom of the lower cone 1-6 forms a flue gas outlet 1B. The number of coolant inlet pipes 1-7 is two or more, and each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is arranged at the same height of the lower cone 1-6 along the tangential direction of the lower cone 1-6, and the rotation direction of each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is the same, which is used to spray coolant into the interior of the lower cone 1-6 along the tangential direction of the lower cone 1-6, and make the coolant flow downward under the action of its own gravity to form a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0052] For example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper cover plate 1-1 and the lower cone 1-6 can be connected by flanges.

[0053] Exemplarily, the shape of the upper cover plate 1 - 1 may be a right circular cone.

[0054] Exemplarily, the number of the coolant inlet pipes 1 - 7 may be two, three, or four, etc. In this embodiment, two coolant inlet pipes 1 - 7 are taken as an example for description.

[0055] Exemplarily, the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is fixed to the lower cone 1-6 by welding.

[0056] By arranging the cooling liquid inlet pipe 1-7 on the lower cone 1-6 along the tangent direction of the lower cone 1-6, the cooling liquid sprayed from the cooling liquid inlet pipe 1-7 can be made to rotate along the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6 and spirally descend under the action of gravity to form a first liquid film to cover the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0057] It can be understood that since the shape of the lower cone 1-6 is an inverted cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the area of ​​the inner wall of the lower cone 1-6 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the thickness of the first liquid film on the lower cone 1-6 gradually accumulates, thereby forming liquid film folds, and the liquid film folds are spiral.

[0058] The rotation direction of each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is the same, which means that the coolant sprayed from each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 rotates on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6 in a clockwise direction, or the coolant sprayed from each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 rotates on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6 in a counterclockwise direction.

[0059] In this way, the coolant sprayed from the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 can stably rotate on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, avoiding the coolant sprayed from the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 from interfering with each other due to different rotation directions and affecting the flow rate of the coolant, and avoiding affecting the coverage area of ​​the first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0060] By providing a plurality of cooling liquid inlet pipes 1 - 7 , the flow rate of cooling liquid sprayed out of the cooling liquid inlet pipes 1 - 7 can also be increased, which is beneficial to maintaining the thickness of the first liquid film.

[0061] By arranging multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 at the same height of the lower cone 1-6, the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 can spray coolant at different positions within the same horizontal plane of the lower cone 1-6, so that the coolant covers different positions of the inner wall of the lower cone 1-6, which is conducive to the coolant sprayed from the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 forming a complete and uniform liquid film on the inner wall of the lower cone 1-6, avoiding the problem that the coolant sprayed from a single coolant inlet pipe 1-7 cannot completely cover the lower cone 1-6.

[0062] In this case, the first liquid film can be used as a protective layer for the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, and the material of the lower cone 1-6 can be the same as that of the smoke guide tube 2, for example, the material of the lower cone 1-6 is also glass fiber reinforced plastic.

[0063] In some embodiments, all of the coolant inlet pipes 1 - 7 are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower cone 1 - 6 .

[0064] The above arrangement is beneficial for evenly distributing the coolant sprayed from the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, thereby improving the integrity of the first liquid film, and enabling the first liquid film to completely cover the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, so as to better protect the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, increase the contact area between the first liquid film and the high-temperature flue gas, and improve the cooling effect of the first liquid film on the high-temperature flue gas.

[0065] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The top of the lower cone 1-6 is first bent outward and then bent upward to form the lower cone water storage ring 1-4. Each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is arranged at the same height of the cone water storage ring 1-4 along the tangent direction of the cone water storage ring 1-4. The coolant sprayed from the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 is first stored in the lower cone water storage ring 1-4, and then overflows downward under the action of its own gravity to form a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0066] Exemplarily, the lower cone water storage ring 1-4 is a stepped water storage space at the top of the lower cone 1-6.

[0067] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the amount of water stored in the lower cone water storage ring 1-4 can be increased, thereby increasing the thickness of the liquid film in the lower cone water storage ring 1-4, and then increasing the thickness of the first liquid film formed by the cooling water overflowing from the lower cone water storage ring 1-4, so that the first liquid film has a better cooling effect on the high-temperature flue gas; and the coolant stored in the lower cone water storage ring 1-4 can also overflow the coolant more evenly downward from the entire circumference of the lower cone water storage ring 1-4, so that the overflowed coolant can completely cover the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, making the formed first liquid film more complete, so that the first liquid film has a better protective effect on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, a smoke inlet 1A pipe 1-2 is provided on the upper cover plate 1-1. The smoke inlet 1A pipe 1-2 vertically penetrates the upper cover plate 1-1 and is sealedly connected to the upper cover plate 1-1. The upper end of the smoke inlet 1A pipe 1-2 forms the smoke inlet 1A of the quench cooler 1, and the lower end of the smoke inlet 1A pipe 1-2 extends between the cone water storage ring 1-4 and the smoke outlet 1B, so that after the high-temperature smoke enters the cavity of the quench cooler 1 through the smoke inlet 1A pipe 1-2, it contacts with the first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6 for cooling.

[0069] Exemplarily, the smoke inlet 1A pipe is fixed to the upper cover plate 1 - 1 through a flange, and the material of the smoke inlet 1A pipe is a high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant material.

[0070] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the lower end of the flue gas inlet 1A tube 1-2 is arranged close to the lower end of the cone water storage ring 1-4, so that the high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the lower end of the flue gas inlet 1A tube 1-2 can contact with more first liquid films to reduce the temperature, thereby increasing the cooling effect of the high-temperature flue gas in the lower cone 1-6.

[0071] Through the above arrangement, the high-temperature flue gas flowing out from the lower end of the flue gas inlet 1A tube 1-2 can directly contact the first liquid film to cool down, avoiding the high-temperature flue gas from contacting the components above the first liquid film, thereby avoiding the components above the first liquid film from being damaged by high temperature because they are not protected by the first liquid film.

[0072] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, an observation mirror 1-3 is also provided on the upper cover plate 1-1, through which the interior of the cavity of the quench cooler 1 can be observed.

[0073] Exemplarily, the number of the observation mirrors 1 - 3 on the upper cover plate 1 - 1 may be one or more.

[0074] Through the above arrangement, the staff can observe the interior of the cavity of the quench cooler 1 through the observation window, so as to understand the fluid state inside the cavity of the quench cooler 1 in real time.

[0075] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 The quench cooler 1 further comprises a cooling liquid annular pipe 1-5. The cooling liquid annular pipe 1-5 is arranged around the outside of the lower cone 1-6 and is connected with each cooling liquid inlet pipe 1-7 for conveying cooling liquid to each cooling liquid inlet pipe 1-7.

[0076] For example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a system cooling water inlet 1C is provided on the cooling liquid loop pipe 1-5, and an external cooling liquid pipeline is connected to the cooling water inlet 1C for providing cooling liquid to the cooling liquid loop pipe 1-5.

[0077] For example, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an emergency water inlet 1D is also provided on the coolant ring pipe 1-5, and an external emergency water pipeline is connected to the emergency water inlet 1D, which is used to provide emergency water to the coolant ring pipe 1-5 when the coolant pipeline fails and cannot provide coolant to the coolant ring pipe 1-5, so as to ensure that the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 can spray emergency water to cool down the high-temperature flue gas, maintain the normal working state of the flue gas rapid cooling device, and improve the stability of the flue gas rapid cooling device.

[0078] It should be noted that the diameter of the external coolant pipeline and the diameter of the coolant ring pipe 1-5 are both greater than or equal to the total diameter of the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7, so that the external coolant pipeline can provide sufficient coolant to the multiple coolant inlet pipes 1-7 through the coolant ring pipe 1-5 in a timely manner, so that the coolant sprayed from the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 can normally form the first liquid film.

[0079] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the coolant can be temporarily stored in the coolant loop 1-5, and the pressure of the coolant at any position in the coolant loop 1-5 can be maintained, so that the coolant loop 1-5 plays a role in stabilizing the pressure, thereby making the pressure, flow rate and other factors of the cooling water (or emergency water) entering the coolant inlet pipe 1-7 consistent, thereby ensuring that the first liquid film formed in the quench cooler 1 is uniform and stable.

[0080] In some embodiments, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each coolant inlet pipe 1-7 includes a first pipe and a second pipe. The first end of the first pipe is connected to the coolant ring pipe 1-5, and the second end of the first pipe is provided with a first flange; the first end of the second pipe is arranged at the same height of the lower cone 1-6 along the tangent direction of the lower cone 1-6, and the second end of the second pipe is provided with a second flange; the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other so that the second end of the first pipe and the second end of the second pipe are connected to each other. A replaceable sleeve 1-8 is arranged in the second pipe; one end of the replaceable sleeve 1-8 extends into the lower cone 1-6, and the other end of the replaceable sleeve 1-8 is turned outward to form a mounting ring, and the mounting ring is arranged between the first flange and the second flange. After the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other, the mounting ring can be clamped and sealed so that the coolant in the first pipe can be sprayed into the lower cone 1-6 through the replaceable sleeve 1-8.

[0081] Exemplarily, a sealing gasket is further provided between the first flange and the second flange, and the first flange and the second flange are connected by bolts.

[0082] Exemplarily, there are two sealing gaskets between the first flange and the second flange, and the mounting ring of the replaceable sleeve 1-8 is arranged between the two sealing gaskets. After the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other, the sealing on both sides of the mounting ring of the replaceable sleeve 1-8 is maintained by the two sealing gaskets.

[0083] It can be understood that by setting up multiple replaceable sleeves 1-8 with different inner diameters and replacing the replaceable sleeves 1-8 with different inner diameters in the second tube, the flow rate and flow rate of the coolant sprayed into the lower cone 1-6 by the replaceable sleeve 1-8 can be controlled, thereby controlling the flow state, flow rate and other factors of the first liquid film formed by the coolant.

[0084] Therefore, when it is necessary to adjust the flow state, flow rate and other factors of the first liquid film, it is only necessary to disassemble the first flange and the second flange and replace the replaceable sleeve 1-8, without replacing the entire coolant inlet pipe 1-7, thereby reducing the difficulty of operation when adjusting the flow state, flow rate and other factors of the first liquid film. In addition, during the long-term flow of the coolant, the replaceable sleeve 1-8 may be eroded and damaged. At this time, it is only necessary to replace the replaceable sleeve 1-8, thereby avoiding the erosion damage caused by the coolant directly to the first end of the second pipe in the coolant inlet pipe 1-7, thereby maintaining the long-term stable operation of the coolant inlet pipe 1-7.

[0085] In some embodiments, the cone angle of the lower cone 1 - 6 is α, 46°≤α≤74°.

[0086] Exemplarily, the cone angle α of the lower cone 1-6 may be 46°, 60°, 74°, etc.

[0087] It can be understood that by changing the cone angle α of the lower cone 1-6, the inclination of the side wall of the lower cone 1-6 can be adjusted, thereby changing the speed of the cooling liquid flowing downward along the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, changing the flow state of the first liquid film and the degree of coverage of the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6.

[0088] After testing, it was found that the above-mentioned cone angle α can maintain the set speed when the coolant flows downward along the inner wall surface of the lower cone 1-6, so as to maintain the integrity of the first liquid film covering the lower cone 1-6, thereby ensuring the heat exchange and cooling effect of the first liquid film on the high-temperature flue gas.

[0089] It should be noted that the cone angle α of the lower cone 1-6 can also be other degrees, as long as the cone angle α of the lower cone 1-6 can enable the first liquid film to be formed normally. The above 46°≤α≤74° is the degree range selected by the inventor in the actual operation process with better effects.

[0090] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, there is an opening on the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2. The elbow assembly 2-2 includes a flange cover 2-2-1 and an elbow 2-2-2. The flange cover 2-2-1 is set on the opening of the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2. The outlet end of the elbow 2-2-2 passes through the flange cover 2-2-1 and is sealed with the flange cover 2-2-1. The outlet end of the elbow 2-2-2 extends into the smoke guide tube 2 and bends downward. A nozzle 2-2-3 is set at the outlet end of the elbow 2-2-2; the elbow 2-2-2 is used to introduce coolant, and the coolant is sprayed out from the nozzle 2-2-3 to atomize the coolant.

[0091] For example, Figure 5 As shown, the opening on the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2 is arranged close to the upper end of the smoke guide tube 2.

[0092] Exemplarily, the flange cover 2 - 2 - 1 is sealedly connected to the opening of the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2 .

[0093] Exemplarily, the inlet end of the elbow 2-2-2 is connected to an external coolant pipeline.

[0094] Exemplarily, the nozzle 2-2-3 is detachably arranged at the outlet end of the elbow 2-2-2, for example, by a threaded connection.

[0095] It is understandable that when the nozzle 2-2-3 sprays coolant, the coolant may cause erosion damage to the nozzle 2-2-3.

[0096] Through the above arrangement, the detachable connection between the elbow assembly 2-2 and the smoke guide tube 2 is realized. When the nozzle 2-2-3 needs to be repaired or replaced, the flange cover 2-2-1 and the elbow 2-2-2 can be removed to quickly repair or replace the nozzle 2-2-3 on the elbow 2-2-2.

[0097] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 5 It can be understood that after the coolant sprayed out from the nozzle 2-2-3 is atomized, a solid conical atomization barrier will be formed below the nozzle 2-2-3. The atomization barrier fills the entire cross-section of the smoke guide 2, so that the high-temperature flue gas entering the smoke guide 2 must pass through the above-mentioned atomization barrier to reach the outlet at the lower end of the smoke guide 2, thereby ensuring that the high-temperature flue gas is fully contacted and cooled with the small droplets in the atomization barrier, improving the cooling efficiency of the high-temperature flue gas, and avoiding the high-temperature flue gas from being directly discharged without being cooled in contact with the small droplets, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the flue gas rapid cooling device on the high-temperature flue gas.

[0098] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 The elbow assembly 2-2 also includes a guide plate 2-4 and fins 2-2-4. The guide plate 2-4 is arranged on the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2 and is located above the elbow 2-2-2, and is used to guide the coolant on the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2 to the elbow 2-2-2. The fins 2-2-4 are arranged on the outer wall of the portion of the elbow 2-2-2 extending into the smoke guide tube 2 and are arranged along the extension direction of the elbow 2-2-2, and are used to guide the coolant guided to the elbow 2-2-2.

[0099] Exemplarily, there are multiple fins 2-2-4, and the multiple fins 2-2-4 are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the curved pipe 2-2-2.

[0100] With the above settings, Figure 6 As shown, after the coolant is drained onto the elbow 2-2-2, it will flow in the grooves between the multiple fins 2-2-4, so that the coolant can flow to the nozzle 2-2-3 and fall, so that the coolant can completely cover the outer wall of the elbow 2-2-2 that extends into the smoke guide 2, so that the coolant can cool down and isolate the high-temperature flue gas from directly flushing the elbow 2-2-2, thereby protecting the elbow 2-2-2 from damage by the high-temperature flue gas.

[0101] Further, as described above, by adjusting the specification of the replaceable sleeve 1-8 and adjusting the flow state of the first liquid film, the thicker wrinkled part of the first liquid film can be made to fall on the guide plate 2-4, thereby increasing the amount of cooling water guided to the curved tube fin 2-2-4. The wrinkle condition of the first liquid film above the guide plate 2-4 can be observed through the observation mirror 1-3.

[0102] In some embodiments, Figure 5As shown, a thermometer 2 - 3 is also provided on the side wall of the smoke guide tube 2 for detecting the temperature of the high-temperature smoke in the smoke guide tube 2 .

[0103] For example, Figure 5 As shown, there may be multiple thermometers 2 - 3 , and the multiple thermometers 2 - 3 are arranged at different positions on the side wall of the smoke guide 2 to detect the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at different positions in the smoke guide 2 .

[0104] Through the above arrangement, the cooling effect of the flue gas quenching device on high-temperature flue gas can be obtained.

[0105] For example, a thermometer 2-3 is arranged near the outlet of the smoke duct 2. When it is detected that the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the smoke duct 2 is high (for example, greater than 90°C) and the target cooling effect of the flue gas quenching device (reducing the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas to 80°C) is not achieved, the flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas entering the flue gas quenching device can be reduced, or the amount of coolant entering the flue gas quenching device can be increased; the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas at the outlet of the smoke duct 2 is relatively low (for example, lower than 60°C). At this time, the flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas entering the flue gas quenching device is increased to increase the processing capacity of the high-temperature flue gas and make full use of the cooling capacity of the flue gas quenching device.

[0106] In summary, the flue gas rapid cooling device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of reliable cooling method, simple equipment, small size, high efficiency and low cost, and the cost savings in terms of plant land occupation, maintenance and other aspects are extremely considerable. In addition, the flue gas rapid cooling device can be quickly disassembled and assembled, and is suitable for radioactive environments; the consumable parts in the flue gas rapid cooling device are only replaceable sleeves 1-8 and nozzles 2-2-3, which can reduce the maintenance frequency of the flue gas rapid cooling device, and the maintenance difficulty is relatively small, which is more suitable for radioactive environments. In addition, the flue gas rapid cooling device does not have violent movements such as impact and pressure changes during operation, which prolongs the service life of the flue gas rapid cooling device.

[0107] Embodiment 2:

[0108] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a high-temperature flue gas cooling method, which uses the flue gas rapid cooling device in Example 1. The method can be specifically used to cool the high-temperature flue gas generated after incineration of radioactive waste. The initial temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 800°C.

[0109] The high-temperature flue gas cooling method includes: S100-S200.

[0110] S100, coolant is introduced into the elbow assembly 2-2, so that the elbow assembly 2-2 atomizes the coolant introduced into the smoke guide tube 2. Coolant is sprayed into the cavity of the quencher 1 through the coolant inlet pipe 1-7, so that the coolant forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quencher 1, and the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube 2 under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube 2, and forms a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2.

[0111] Exemplarily, the coolant may be cooling water or cooling brine. The pressure range of the coolant is between 0.1 MPa and 0.2 MPa, so that the coolant can be atomized when sprayed into the smoke guide tube 2, and the coolant can form a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quench cooler 1 after being sprayed into the quench cooler 1, so that the first liquid film forms a second liquid film with the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2 after entering the smoke guide tube 2.

[0112] Exemplarily, the temperature of the coolant may range from 15°C to 80°C.

[0113] Alternatively, the temperature of the coolant may be room temperature to avoid additional energy consumption caused by adjusting the temperature of the coolant.

[0114] S200, input the high-temperature flue gas into the cavity of the quench cooler 1 through the flue gas inlet 1A of the quench cooler 1, the high-temperature flue gas contacts the liquid film on the inner wall of the cavity of the quench cooler 1 to reduce the temperature, and enters the smoke guide 2 through the flue gas outlet 1B of the quench cooler 1, contacts the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide 2 and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide 2 to continue to reduce the temperature.

[0115] The first liquid film, the second liquid film and the atomized coolant in the smoke guide tube 2 can quickly cool the high-temperature flue gas through heat transfer and vaporization heat absorption, so that the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced from 800°C to 80°C within 1 second, thereby preventing the high-temperature flue gas from synthesizing harmful substances in the temperature range of 200°C-650°C. Compared with the prior art, the flue gas rapid cooling device in this embodiment has a lower production cost, so it can reduce the equipment cost when cooling the high-temperature flue gas. The flue gas rapid cooling device in this embodiment also has the advantage of a small footprint, and can also reduce the site area required for cooling the high-temperature flue gas.

[0116] The first liquid film and the second liquid film can also effectively protect the inner wall of the equipment covered by the two liquid films, so the inner wall of the equipment covered by the two liquid films can also be made of materials that are not resistant to high temperatures.

[0117] In some examples, the coolant flowing out from the outlet of the smoke guide tube 2 can also be collected by the tower kettle. After being purified by the tower kettle, the coolant is collected into the external coolant pipeline and then passed into the flue gas quenching device again to cool the high-temperature flue gas, so that the coolant can be recycled.

[0118] It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flue gas quenching device, characterized in that: include: A quench cooler (1), wherein the quench cooler (1) has a cavity, the top of the quench cooler (1) has a smoke inlet, and the bottom of the quench cooler (1) has a smoke outlet; the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet are both connected to the cavity; a smoke guide tube (2) disposed below the quench cooler (1) and connected to the smoke outlet; a curved pipe assembly (2-2) is disposed on the smoke guide tube (2), and the curved pipe assembly (2-2) is used to atomize the coolant introduced into the smoke guide tube (2); and, A cooling liquid inlet pipe (1-7) is arranged on the quencher (1) and is used to spray cooling liquid into the cavity of the quencher (1), so that the cooling liquid forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quencher (1); the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube (2) under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube (2), and forms a second liquid film with the atomized cooling liquid in the smoke guide tube (2); After the high-temperature flue gas enters the cavity of the quench cooler (1) through the flue gas inlet of the quench cooler (1), it contacts the first liquid film on the inner wall of the cavity of the quench cooler (1) to reduce its temperature, and enters the smoke guide tube (2) through the flue gas outlet of the quench cooler (1), and contacts the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide tube (2) and the atomized cooling liquid in the smoke guide tube (2) to continue to reduce its temperature.

2. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quench cooler (1) comprises: An upper cover plate (1-1), the smoke inlet being arranged at the top of the upper cover plate (1-1); and, A lower cone (1-6) is arranged below the upper cover plate (1-1) and together with the upper cover plate (1-1) encloses a cavity of the quench cooler (1); the shape of the lower cone (1-6) is an inverted cone that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the bottom of the lower cone (1-6) forms the smoke outlet; The number of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7) is two or more, each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7) is arranged at the same height of the lower cone (1-6) along the tangential direction of the lower cone (1-6), and each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7) has the same rotation direction, and is used to spray cooling liquid into the interior of the lower cone (1-6) along the tangential direction of the lower cone (1-6), and make the cooling liquid flow downward under the action of its own gravity, so as to form a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone (1-6).

3. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the lower cone (1-6) is first bent outwards and then bent upwards to form a lower cone water storage ring (1-4); Each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7) is arranged at the same height of the conical water storage ring (1-4) along the tangent direction of the conical water storage ring (1-4); the cooling liquid sprayed out of the cooling liquid inlet pipe (1-7) is first stored in the lower conical water storage ring (1-4), and then overflows downward under the action of its own gravity to form a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone (1-6).

4. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1-1) is provided with a smoke inlet pipe (1-2); The smoke inlet pipe (1-2) vertically penetrates the upper cover plate (1-1) and is sealedly connected to the upper cover plate (1-1); the upper end of the smoke inlet pipe (1-2) forms the smoke inlet of the quench cooler (1); the lower end of the smoke inlet pipe (1-2) extends to between the cone water storage ring (1-4) and the smoke outlet, so that after the high-temperature smoke enters the cavity of the quench cooler (1) through the smoke inlet pipe (1-2), it contacts with the first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the lower cone (1-6) to reduce its temperature.

5. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (1-1) is also provided with an observation mirror (1-3), through which the interior of the cavity of the quench cooler (1) can be observed.

6. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: All of the coolant inlet pipes (1-7) are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower cone (1-6).

7. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The quench cooler (1) also includes a cooling liquid loop pipe (1-5); The cooling liquid ring pipe (1-5) is arranged around the outside of the lower cone (1-6) and is connected to each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7) for conveying cooling liquid to each of the cooling liquid inlet pipes (1-7).

8. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the coolant inlet pipes (1-7) comprises a first pipe and a second pipe; The first end of the first tube is connected to the coolant ring tube (1-5), and the second end of the first tube is provided with a first flange; the first end of the second tube is arranged at the same height of the lower cone (1-6) along the tangent direction of the lower cone (1-6), and the second end of the second tube is provided with a second flange; the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other so that the second end of the first tube and the second end of the second tube are connected to each other; A replaceable sleeve (1-8) is arranged in the second tube; one end of the replaceable sleeve (1-8) extends into the lower cone (1-6), and the other end of the replaceable sleeve (1-8) is turned outward to form a mounting ring, and the mounting ring is arranged between the first flange and the second flange; After the first flange and the second flange are connected to each other, the mounting ring can be clamped and sealed so that the coolant in the first tube can be sprayed into the lower cone (1-6) through the replaceable sleeve (1-8).

9. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cone angle of the lower cone (1-6) is α, 46°≤α≤74°.

10. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the smoke guide tube (2) is provided with an opening; The elbow assembly (2-2) comprises: a flange cover (2-2-1), which is arranged on the opening of the side wall of the smoke guide tube (2); and, A bent pipe (2-2-2), the outlet end of the bent pipe (2-2-2) passes through the flange cover (2-2-1) and is sealedly connected to the flange cover (2-2-1), and the outlet end of the bent pipe (2-2-2) extends into the smoke guide tube (2) and bends downward, and a nozzle (2-2-3) is provided at the outlet end of the bent pipe (2-2-2); the bent pipe (2-2-2) is used to introduce coolant, and spray the coolant from the nozzle (2-2-3) to atomize the coolant.

11. The flue gas quenching device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The elbow assembly (2-2) further comprises a guide plate (2-4) and a fin (2-2-4); The guide plate (2-4) is arranged on the side wall of the smoke guide tube (2) and is located above the curved pipe (2-2-2), and is used to guide the cooling liquid on the side wall of the smoke guide tube (2) to the curved pipe (2-2-2); The fin (2-2-4) is arranged on the outer wall of the portion of the curved pipe (2-2-2) extending into the smoke guide tube (2), and is arranged along the extension direction of the curved pipe (2-2-2), and is used to guide the cooling liquid directed to the curved pipe (2-2-2).

12. A method for cooling high-temperature flue gas, characterized in that: Using the flue gas quenching device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the high-temperature flue gas cooling method comprises: Cooling liquid is introduced into the curved pipe assembly (2-2) so that the curved pipe assembly (2-2) atomizes the cooling liquid introduced into the smoke guide tube (2); cooling liquid is sprayed into the cavity of the quencher (1) through the cooling liquid inlet pipe (1-7) so that the cooling liquid forms a first liquid film on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the quencher (1); the first liquid film enters the smoke guide tube (2) under the action of gravity and covers the inner wall of the smoke guide tube (2), and forms a second liquid film with the atomized cooling liquid in the smoke guide tube (2); The high-temperature flue gas is input into the cavity of the quench cooler (1) through the flue gas inlet of the quench cooler (1), the high-temperature flue gas contacts the liquid film on the inner wall of the cavity of the quench cooler (1) to reduce the temperature, and enters the smoke guide tube (2) through the flue gas outlet of the quench cooler (1), contacts the first liquid film and the second liquid film on the inner wall of the smoke guide tube (2) and the atomized cooling liquid in the smoke guide tube (2) to continue to reduce the temperature.

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