Explosion impact damage measurement device and method based on pressure-sensitive film

Abstract

The present invention discloses an explosion impact damage measurement device and method based on a pressure-sensitive film, with the purpose of solving the problem of insufficient accuracy of the current measurement device and method. The measurement device is composed of a sealed housing, a flexible gasket, a pressure-sensitive film, a flexible pad, a sealed substrate and a fastening bolt. The flexible gasket, the pressure-sensitive film and the flexible pad are coaxially nested in the sealed housing in sequence and closely, and are combined into a flexible packaging layer. The sealed housing is loaded with a flexible packaging layer and fixed on the left side of the sealing substrate; the pressure-sensitive film is used to convert the felt shock wave pressure into a color change depth. The measurement method is that the shock wave acts on the protected object, generating an overpressure acting on the measuring device, so that the pressure-sensitive film produces a color reaction; the color change result of the color development layer of the pressure-sensitive film is compared with a standard colorimetric card to obtain the severity of the damage to the protected object caused by the shock wave. The present invention solves the problems of unstable output of the electrical measurement signal of the explosion impact damage measurement device, susceptibility to interference, and insufficient accuracy of the measurement method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an explosion impact damage measurement device and a measurement method, and in particular to an explosion impact damage measurement device and a measurement method based on a pressure-sensitive film. Background Art

[0002] In modern warfare, the shock waves generated by the explosion of weapons such as bombs and missiles are the main factor causing damage to personnel and weapons and equipment. Therefore, quickly and accurately measuring the power of the explosion shock wave is of great significance to the protection of personnel, weapons and equipment, and the feasibility of subsequent operations.

[0003] Explosion shock waves are an important cause of loss of personnel and weapons and equipment in modern warfare. For personnel, the damage to the human body is often multi-organ damage. Among them, the symptoms and signs of some organ damage are often hidden, so it is easy to miss the diagnosis and sometimes misdiagnosis in the battlefield rescue environment. If the shock wave intensity is large, it will cause mixed injuries to personnel in multiple places, which will lead to serious trauma or shock to the human body. For weapons and equipment, explosion shock waves can easily cause the protective performance of equipment to decline, or even lose its protective function. For equipment with failed protection, it is necessary to clean and replace it in time to ensure good protective performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to timely and accurately assess the degree of injury caused by explosion shock waves. At present, there are two main ways to assess the damage caused by explosion shock waves on the battlefield: empirical assessment based on the subjective feedback and trauma degree of the wounded, or accurate assessment using medical imaging technology; the assessment of the degree of failure of the protective performance of weapons and equipment is often based on empirical judgment. Under actual battlefield conditions, it is often impossible to quickly and accurately measure the damage to personnel and weapons and equipment caused by the explosion shock wave at the same time. This can easily lead to misjudgment, untimely treatment of the wounded, and failure to replace expired weapons and equipment, resulting in a reduction in combat effectiveness.

[0004] Among the advanced special operations equipment currently available on the market, there are explosion shock wave damage measurement devices based on electrical sensors. Based on a simple and stable device circuit design, the sensors are integrated into individual protective devices such as helmets and bulletproof vests, so that they can send corresponding signals based on the shock waves they feel to assist personnel in damage assessment. However, in actual combat scenarios, electronic products are extremely susceptible to the impact of explosion shock waves, resulting in parasitic outputs, baseline offsets and other problems. In actual applications, the stability of the electrical signal output of the measuring device cannot be guaranteed, resulting in inaccurate measurements.

[0005] In summary, the emergence of explosion shock wave injury measurement devices helps relevant personnel assess the injuries of the wounded and the performance of equipment. Compared with empirical judgment and medical imaging technology-assisted judgment, it has the advantages of being fast and convenient. However, the current shock wave injury measurement devices still have shortcomings such as unstable electrical signal output and susceptibility to interference. The measurement method has problems such as insufficient electrical measurement information output and poor measurement result accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a device and method for measuring explosion impact damage based on a pressure-sensitive film, which solves the problems of unstable output of electrical measurement signals, susceptibility to interference, and insufficient measurement accuracy of current explosion impact damage measurement devices. The device and method of the present invention have the advantages of convenient operation, low cost, and intuitive measurement effect, and can be used to efficiently measure impact damage in an explosion shock wave environment.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film of the present invention is flat in shape as a whole, and is composed of a sealed shell, a flexible gasket, a pressure-sensitive film, a flexible pad, a sealed substrate and fastening bolts. The end of the sealed shell close to the explosion center is defined as the left end of the test device of the present invention, and the end of the sealed substrate away from the explosion center is defined as the right end of the device of the present invention. The flexible gasket, the pressure-sensitive film and the flexible pad are closely attached in sequence from left to right and coaxially nested in the sealed shell. The right end face of the flexible gasket is closely attached to the left end face of the pressure-sensitive film, and the right end face of the flexible gasket and pressure-sensitive film combination is closely attached to the left end face of the flexible pad. The sealed shell containing the flexible gasket, the pressure-sensitive film and the flexible pad (hereinafter the combination of the flexible gasket, the pressure-sensitive film and the flexible pad is referred to as the flexible packaging layer) is closely attached and fixed to the left end face of the sealing substrate by fastening bolts to prevent the flexible packaging layer from slipping out of the sealed shell.

[0009] The sealing shell is used to load the flexible packaging layer and is fixed to the left side of the sealing substrate by N6 fastening bolts to keep the right end face of the sealing shell in close contact with the left end face of the sealing substrate, and is used to limit the movement of the flexible packaging layer in the initial state. The number of fastening bolts N6 is a positive integer, preferably satisfying 6≤N6≤12. The sealing shell is coaxially arranged with the flexible gasket, the pressure-sensitive film and the flexible pad. The sealing shell is a stepped circular ring, consisting of a small circular ring, a transition circular ring and a large circular ring. The inner radius of the small circular ring is r 11 Satisfy 2cm≤r 11 ≤5cm, small ring outer radius R 11 Satisfy 11 +1cm≤R 11 ≤r 11 +3cm, so as to completely cover the flexible packaging layer, the thickness t1 of the small ring satisfies 1mm≤t1≤2mm. The inner radius r of the large ring 13 Satisfy 13 =R 11 -t1, the outer radius of the large ring R 13 Satisfy R 11 +0.1r 11 ≤R 13 ≤R 11 +0.6r 11, N6 through holes are evenly dug on the large ring to facilitate the installation of fastening bolts. The outer radius of the transition ring is equal to the outer radius R of the small ring 11 , the inner radius is equal to the inner radius of the large ring r 13 The thickness in the radial direction is b1, b1=t1, and the length in the axial direction (OO' direction) is h 12 , satisfying 0.8mm≤h 12 ≤1mm, the transition ring is used to limit the radial displacement of the flexible sealing layer. The small ring, transition ring and large ring are coaxially stacked and connected in sequence - ensure that the outer circle of the small ring coincides with the outer circle of the transition ring, and the inner circle of the large ring coincides with the inner circle of the transition ring, so that the sealing shell has a groove for filling the flexible packaging layer. The sealing shell is made of soft alloy and meets the yield strength σ1>100MPa to ensure that the sealing shell does not produce large plastic deformation when subjected to shock waves, and the flexible packaging layer will not be separated from the inside of the sealing shell.

[0010] The flexible packaging layer is loaded between the sealing shell and the sealing substrate. The flexible gasket and the flexible pad are used to encapsulate and fix the pressure-sensitive film to limit the radial displacement of the pressure-sensitive film. The flexible gasket is annular, and its outer radius R2 satisfies R2 = r 13 , the inner radius r2 satisfies r2=r 11 , thickness t2 satisfies t2=(h 12 +t1) / 2. The flexible pad is disc-shaped, with a radius R4=R2 and a thickness t4=t2. Both the flexible pad ring and the flexible pad are made of flexible materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, nitrile rubber, etc.), satisfying the maximum strain ε2≥0.2 and the density ρ2>1g / cm 3 , which is used to ensure that the pressure-sensitive film and the sealing substrate have good contact under the action of shock waves.

[0011] The pressure-sensitive film is a mature commercial product for measuring pressure. It is assembled from a microcapsule layer containing a dye and a matching color-developing layer. It is used to convert the perceived shock wave pressure into the color change depth of the pressure-sensitive film. It is disc-shaped, with a radius R3 satisfying r2≤R3≤R2 and a thickness t3 satisfying t3≤0.4h. 12 The pressure-sensitive film is clamped between the flexible gasket ring and the flexible pad. When the pressure-sensitive film senses the shock wave pressure, the microcapsules inside the microcapsule layer rupture, and the dye that flows out reacts with the color-developing layer to produce a red color block that is positively correlated with the pressure. The pressure-sensitive film meets the following requirements: yield strength σ3 < 1000MPa, the measurement pressure range is 0.01Mpa–10Mpa, and the pressure measurement resolution is not less than 0.1kgf / cm 2 .

[0012] The sealing substrate is used to provide stable support for the flexible packaging layer. It cooperates with the sealing shell to form an external packaging device for the flexible packaging layer. The sealing substrate is in the shape of a square plate with a side length of L5, which meets the 2R 13 ≤L5≤2.2R 13 The thickness of the plate is t5, t5≤20mm; the sealing substrate material is a soft alloy, satisfying the yield strength σ5>100MPa. The sealing substrate and the sealing shell are dug with N6 opening threads at the same projection position, the opening threads are tapped, and internal threads are processed for assembly with the sealing shell.

[0013] The fastening bolts are used to encapsulate the sealing substrate and the sealing housing. The fastening bolts are cylindrical and have a length of l6, satisfying 0.9(t1+t5)≤l6≤1.1(t1+t5), which is used to limit the fastening bolts from being too long or too short when they are used to fix the sealing housing and the sealing substrate, ensuring the fixing effect. The fastening bolts are made of cemented carbide and meet the yield strength σ6>100MPa to ensure that they do not undergo plastic deformation under the action of the explosion shock wave and ensure the encapsulation effect of the device. During assembly, N6 fastening bolts pass through the through holes of the sealing housing and are screwed into the open thread of the sealing substrate.

[0014] The method for measuring explosion impact damage using an explosion impact damage measuring device based on a pressure-sensitive film is:

[0015] The first step is to install a blast impact damage measurement device based on a pressure-sensitive film:

[0016] 1.1 Assemble the sealing substrate on a stable bracket or solid wall by pasting, bolting or other installation methods;

[0017] 1.2 Assemble the microcapsule layer and the color-developing layer of the pressure-sensitive film, and concentrically clamp them between the flexible gasket ring and the flexible pad, and ensure that the microcapsule layer is attached to the flexible gasket ring, and the color-developing layer is attached to the flexible pad, so as to form a flexible encapsulation layer;

[0018] 1.3 Assemble the flexible packaging layer in the inner groove of the sealed shell so that the sealed shell and the flexible packaging layer fit tightly together, ensuring that the hollow part in the middle of the small ring of the pressure-sensitive film can smoothly measure the shock wave and produce a color reaction;

[0019] 1.4 Align the through holes of the sealing shell equipped with the flexible packaging layer with the threaded positions of the openings of the sealing substrate one by one, and fix the sealing shell and the sealing substrate with fastening bolts;

[0020] 1.5 Check the explosion impact damage measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film to ensure that: the sealed housing and the sealed substrate are installed tightly without misalignment; the pressure-sensitive film is assembled flatly, intactly and without wrinkles in the flexible packaging layer.

[0021] Step 2: Use the explosion shock injury measurement device based on a pressure-sensitive film to measure the shock wave injury to the protected object:

[0022] 2.1 The explosion source explodes, and the generated shock wave acts on the protected object, generating an overpressure that acts on the explosion shock injury measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film, causing the pressure-sensitive film to produce a color reaction;

[0023] 2.2 After the shock wave acts, wait for 3 minutes to allow the pressure-sensitive film to fully undergo a color reaction, ensuring that the color of the pressure-sensitive film no longer changes significantly over time;

[0024] 2.3 Remove the fastening bolts, remove the sealed housing and sealed substrate, and take out the flexible encapsulation layer, avoiding touching the colored area of the pressure-sensitive film with fingers, devices, etc., which may cause measurement errors;

[0025] 2.4 Separate the flexible gasket ring and flexible backing plate in the flexible encapsulation layer, carefully take out the pressure-sensitive film, separate the microcapsule layer and the colored layer of the pressure-sensitive film, and place it in a clean and dry place to avoid contaminating the results;

[0026] 2.5 Compare the color change result of the colored layer of the pressure-sensitive film with the standard color comparison card given by the pressure-sensitive film manufacturer (such as the 4LW type Prescale film standard color comparison card given by FUJIFILM Corporation, the JWY-4LW type pressure-sensitive paper standard color comparison card given by Jingweiying Company, etc.). By comparing the depth of the color of the pressure-sensitive film with the depth of the color of the standard color comparison card, obtain the standard color density ρ and shock wave pressure P corresponding to the color shown by the measurement device. When P < P1, it is determined that the explosion shock injury has no significant impact; when P1 < P < P2, it is determined that the explosion shock injury is light; when P2 < P < P3, it is determined that the explosion shock injury is medium; when P > P3, it is determined that the explosion shock injury is severe. Among them, the values of P1, P2, P3 (P1 is the upper limit of the threshold for judging that the explosion shock injury has no significant impact and the lower limit of the threshold for judging as light; P2 is the upper limit of the threshold for judging as light and the lower limit of the threshold for judging as medium; P3 is the upper limit of the threshold for judging as medium and the lower limit of the threshold for judging as severe) are determined based on the characteristics of the protected object and the measurement environment, combined with experience. Generally, the range of P1, P2, P3 is 0.01 MPa to 0.05 MPa, and P1 < P2 < P3 is satisfied (for example, when protecting personnel, 0.01 MPa < P1 ≤ 0.02 MPa, 0.02 MPa < P2 ≤ 0.03 MPa, 0.03 MPa < P3 ≤ 0.05 MPa) to quickly obtain the severity of the shock wave injury to the protected object;

[0027] 2.6 After the experiment, by replacing the new pressure-sensitive film and arranging the measurement device according to the steps of the first step, the reuse of the measurement device is realized.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The measuring method of the present invention is based on the principle of pressure-induced color change of pressure-sensitive film, which can effectively convert the impulse of the shock wave into the concentration of the color block of the pressure-sensitive film, and then use the standard film color comparison card provided by the pressure-sensitive film manufacturer to analyze the film color development result to determine the level of explosion impact damage to the protected object.

[0030] 2. The measuring device of the present invention is easy to install, and the pressure-sensitive film pressure measuring module is easy to replace; it can be quickly replaced after a single measurement is completed, and the measurement consistency is good.

[0031] 3. The measuring device of the present invention is composed of a simple mechanical structure, which is simple and reliable, low in cost, and does not require external power supply. It effectively avoids the problems of parasitic capacitance and electromagnetic interference existing in traditional electrical measurement methods, and effectively enhances the convenience and stability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 It is an explosion diagram of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the sealed housing 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 It is an axial (OO' direction) cross-sectional view of the sealing housing 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the flexible packaging layer of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 It is a left side view of the sealing substrate 5 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is an example of the 4LW Prescale film standard colorimetric card produced by FUJIFILM Corporation used in the examples. Figure 7 (a) is the environmental temperature and humidity classification table, Figure 7 (b) is the standard color pattern of the film, Figure 7 (c) is a standard color density-pressure curve.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Sealing shell, 11. Small shell ring, 12. Shell transition ring, 13. Large shell ring, 2. Flexible gasket, 3. Pressure-sensitive film, 4. Flexible pad, 5. Sealing substrate, 6. Fastening bolts DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to facilitate those skilled in the relevant art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0042] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the measuring device of the present invention, Figure 2 FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the measuring device of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film of the present invention is in the shape of a flat plate as a whole, and is composed of a sealed housing 1, a flexible gasket 2, a pressure-sensitive film 3, a flexible pad 4, a sealed substrate 5 and a plurality of fastening bolts 6. The end of the sealed housing 1 close to the explosion center is defined as the left end of the measuring device of the present invention, and the end of the sealed substrate 5 far from the explosion center is defined as the right end of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the flexible gasket 2, the pressure-sensitive film 3, and the flexible pad 4 are closely attached in sequence from left to right and coaxially nested in the sealed housing 1. The right end face of the flexible gasket 2 is closely attached to the left end face of the pressure-sensitive film 3, and the right end face of the combination of the flexible gasket 2 and the pressure-sensitive film 3 is closely attached to the left end face of the flexible pad 4. The flexible gasket 2, the pressure-sensitive film 3, and the flexible pad 4 are combined into a flexible packaging layer. The sealed housing 1 containing the flexible packaging layer is closely attached to and fixed on the left end face of the sealing substrate 5 by a plurality of fastening bolts 6 to prevent the flexible packaging layer from slipping out of the sealed housing 1.

[0043] Figure 3 is a left side view of the sealed housing 1, Figure 4 1 is an axial (OO') cross-sectional view of the sealing housing 1. Figure 3 As shown, the sealing housing 1 is used to load the flexible packaging layer, and is fixed to the left side of the sealing substrate 5 by N6 fastening bolts 6, so as to keep the right end face of the sealing housing 1 in close contact with the left end face of the sealing substrate 5, and to limit the movement of the flexible packaging layer in the initial state, wherein the number of fastening bolts 6 N6 satisfies 6≤N6≤12. The sealing housing 1 is coaxially arranged with the flexible gasket 2, the pressure-sensitive film 3 and the flexible gasket 4. The sealing housing 1 is a stepped circular ring, which is composed of a small circular ring 11, a transition circular ring 12 and a large circular ring 13. The inner circle radius of the small circular ring 11 is r 11 Satisfy 2cm≤r 11 ≤5cm, small ring 11 outer circle radius R 11 Satisfy 11 +1cm≤R 11 ≤r 11 +3cm, so as to completely cover the flexible packaging layer, the thickness t1 of the small ring 11 satisfies 1mm≤t1≤2mm. Figure 4 As shown, the inner radius of the large ring 13 is r 13 Satisfy 13 =R 11 -t1, the outer radius R of the large ring 13 13 Satisfy R 11 +0.1r 11 ≤R 13 ≤R 11 +0.6r 11 , N6 through holes are evenly dug on the large ring 13 to facilitate the installation of the fastening bolts 6. The distance L6 from the center of the through hole of the fastening bolt 6 to the geometric center of the sealing housing 1 satisfies L6=(R 11 +R 13 ) / 2. The outer radius of the transition ring 12 is equal to the outer radius of the small ring R 11 , the inner radius is equal to the inner radius of the large ring r 13 , its radial thickness is b1, b1=t1, and its axial length (OO') is h 12 , satisfying 0.8mm≤h 12 ≤1mm, the transition ring 12 is used to limit the radial displacement of the flexible sealing layer. The small ring 11, the transition ring 12 and the large ring 13 are coaxially stacked and connected in sequence - ensuring that the outer circle of the small ring 11 coincides with the outer circle of the transition ring 12, and the inner circle of the large ring 13 coincides with the inner circle of the transition ring 12, so that the sealing shell 1 has a groove for filling the flexible packaging layer. The sealing shell 1 is made of soft alloy and meets the yield strength σ1>100MPa, which is used to ensure that the sealing shell 1 does not produce large plastic deformation when subjected to shock waves, and at the same time, the flexible packaging layer will not be separated from the inside of the sealing shell 1.

[0044] Figure 5 It is the assembly diagram of the flexible packaging layer. Figure 5 As shown, the flexible packaging layer is loaded between the sealing housing 1 and the sealing substrate 5, and the flexible gasket 2 and the flexible pad 4 are used to encapsulate and fix the pressure sensitive film 3 to limit the radial displacement of the pressure sensitive film 3. The flexible gasket 2 is annular, and its outer radius R2 satisfies R2 = r 13 , the inner radius r2 satisfies r2=r 11 , thickness t2 satisfies t2=(h 12 +t1) / 2. The flexible pad 4 is disc-shaped, with a radius R4=R2 and a thickness t4=t2. The flexible pad ring 2 and the flexible pad 4 are both made of flexible materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, nitrile rubber, etc.), satisfying the maximum strain ε2≥0.2 and the density ρ2>1g / cm 3, to ensure that the pressure-sensitive film 3 and the sealing substrate 5 have good contact under the action of the shock wave. The pressure-sensitive film 3 is a mature commercial product for measuring pressure. It is assembled from a microcapsule layer containing a dye and a matching color developing layer. It is used to convert the felt shock wave pressure into the color change depth of the pressure-sensitive film 3. It is disc-shaped, with a radius R3 satisfying r2≤R3≤R2, and a thickness t3 satisfying t3≤0.4h 12 The pressure-sensitive film 3 is clamped between the flexible gasket ring 2 and the flexible pad 4. When the pressure-sensitive film 3 senses the shock wave pressure, the microcapsules inside the microcapsule layer rupture, and the dye that flows out reacts with the color-developing layer to produce a red color block that is positively correlated with the pressure. The pressure-sensitive film 3 satisfies: yield strength σ3 < 1000MPa, the measurement pressure range is 0.01Mpa–10Mpa, and the pressure measurement resolution is not less than 0.1kgf / cm 2 .

[0045] Figure 6 The left side view of the sealing substrate 5 is used to provide a stable support for the flexible packaging layer. The sealing substrate 5 cooperates with the sealing shell 1 to form an external packaging device for the flexible packaging layer. The sealing substrate 5 is in the shape of a square plate with a side length of L5, satisfying 2R 13 ≤L5≤2.2R 13 The thickness of the plate is t5, t5≤20mm; the sealing substrate 5 is made of soft alloy, satisfying the yield strength σ5>100MPa. The sealing substrate 5 and the sealing housing 1 are dug with N6 opening threads at the same projection position, and the distance from the center of the opening thread to the geometric center of the sealing substrate 5 is equal to L6. The opening thread is tapped and processed with internal threads for assembly with the sealing housing 1.

[0046] The fastening bolts 6 are used to encapsulate the sealing substrate 5 and the sealing housing 1. The fastening bolts 6 are cylindrical and have a length of l6, satisfying 0.9(t1+t5)≤l6≤1.1(t1+t5), so as to limit the fastening bolts 6 from being too long or too short when cooperating to fix the sealing housing 1 and the sealing substrate 5, thereby ensuring the fixing effect. The fastening bolts 6 are made of cemented carbide and satisfy the yield strength σ6>100MPa, so as to ensure that they do not undergo plastic deformation under the action of the explosion shock wave, thereby ensuring the encapsulation effect of the device. During assembly, N6 fastening bolts 6 pass through the through hole of the sealing housing 1 and are screwed into the threaded opening of the sealing substrate 5.

[0047] use Figure 1 The method for measuring explosion impact damage by the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film is as follows:

[0048] The first step is to install a blast impact damage measurement device based on a pressure-sensitive film:

[0049] 1.1 Assemble the sealing substrate 5 on a stable bracket or a solid wall by means of gluing, bolting or other installation methods;

[0050] 1.2 Assemble the microcapsule layer and the color-developing layer of the pressure-sensitive film 3, and concentrically clamp them between the flexible gasket ring 2 and the flexible pad 4, and ensure that the microcapsule layer is attached to the flexible gasket ring 2, and the color-developing layer is attached to the flexible pad 5, so as to form a flexible encapsulation layer;

[0051] 1.3 Assemble the flexible packaging layer in the inner groove of the sealed housing 1 so that the sealed housing 1 and the flexible packaging layer are tightly combined, ensuring that the pressure-sensitive film 3 can smoothly measure the shock wave and produce a color reaction in the middle hollow part of the small ring 11;

[0052] 1.4 Align the through holes of the sealing housing 1 equipped with the flexible packaging layer with the threaded positions of the openings of the sealing substrate 5 one by one, and fix the sealing housing 1 and the sealing substrate 5 with the fastening bolts 6;

[0053] 1.5 Check the explosion impact damage measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film 3 to ensure that: the sealed housing 1 and the sealed substrate 5 are installed tightly without misalignment; the pressure-sensitive film 3 is assembled in the flexible packaging layer flatly, intactly and without wrinkles.

[0054] The second step is to use an explosion impact damage measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film 3 to measure the damage caused by the shock wave to the protected object:

[0055] 2.1 The explosion source explodes, and the generated shock wave acts on the protected object, generating overpressure that acts on the explosion impact damage measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film 3, causing the pressure-sensitive film 3 to produce a color reaction;

[0056] 2.2 After the shock wave acts, wait for 3 minutes to allow the pressure-sensitive film 3 to fully react with color, ensuring that the color of the pressure-sensitive film 3 does not change significantly over time;

[0057] 2.3 Remove the fastening bolts 6, remove the sealing housing 1, the sealing substrate 5, and take out the flexible packaging layer, and avoid fingers, devices, etc. from touching the color-developing area of ​​the pressure-sensitive film 3 to cause measurement errors;

[0058] 2.4 Separate the flexible gasket ring 2 and the flexible pad 4 in the flexible encapsulation layer, carefully take out the pressure-sensitive film 3, separate the microcapsule layer and the color-developing layer of the pressure-sensitive film 3, and place them in a clean and dry place to avoid contamination of the results;

[0059] 2.5 Compare the discoloration result of the color-developing layer of the pressure-sensitive film 3 with the standard color comparison card given by the manufacturer of the pressure-sensitive film 3 (such as the 4LW type Prescale film standard color comparison card given by FUJIFILM Corporation, the JWY-4LW type pressure-sensitive paper standard color comparison card given by Jingweiying Company, or the 3LW type pressure test film standard color comparison card given by Shenghong Company, etc.). By comparing the color depth of the color developed on the pressure-sensitive film 3 with the color depth of the standard color comparison card, obtain the standard color density ρ and the shock wave pressure P corresponding to the color displayed by the measuring device. When P < P1, it is determined that the explosion shock damage has no significant impact; when P1 < P < P2, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is light; when P2 < P < P3, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is medium; when P > P3, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is severe. Among them, the values of P1, P2, P3 (P1 is the upper limit of the threshold for determining that the explosion shock damage has no significant impact and the lower limit of the threshold for determining that it is light; P2 is the upper limit of the threshold for determining that the explosion shock damage is light and the lower limit of the threshold for determining that it is medium; P3 is the upper limit of the threshold for determining that the explosion shock damage is medium and the lower limit of the threshold for determining that it is severe) are determined based on the characteristics of the protected object and the measurement environment, combined with experience. The ranges of P1, P2, P3 are generally from 0.01 MPa to 0.05 MPa, and P1 < P2 < P3 (for example, when protecting personnel, 0.01 MPa < P1 ≤ 0.02 MPa, 0.02 MPa < P2 ≤ 0.03 MPa,

[0060] 0.03 MPa < P3 ≤ 0.05 MPa), so as to quickly obtain the severity of the shock wave damage to the protected object;

[0061] 2.6 After the experiment, by replacing the new pressure-sensitive film 5 and arranging the measuring device according to the steps of the first step, the re-use of the measuring device is realized.

[0062] To verify the effect of the present invention, the parameters of Example 1 prepared are: r 11 = 30 mm, R 11 = 50 mm, t1 = 2 mm, h 12 = 1 mm, R2 = 48 mm, r2 = 30 mm, t2 = 1.5 mm, r 13 = 48 cm, R 13 = 64 mm, R3 = 40 mm, t3 = 0.1 mm, R4 = 48 mm, t4 = 1.5 mm, L5 = 140 mm, t5 = 20 mm, l6 = 22 mm, L6 = 57 mm, N6 = 8; The sealing housing 1 and the sealing substrate 5 are made of low alloy steel, and the flexible gasket ring 2 and the flexible backing plate 4 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene; The pressure-sensitive film 3 used is a Prescale-4LW type pressure-sensitive film.

[0063] The explosion impact damage is measured using the explosion impact damage measurement device based on the pressure-sensitive film shown in Example 1. The equivalent TNT equivalent of a certain explosive is set to 4kg. After the measurement device is assembled, it is placed on a fixed support next to a fire dummy 4.2m away from the explosion center of the explosive, with the left end of the measurement device facing the explosion center. After the installation is completed, check whether the sealed shell 1 and the sealing substrate 5 are installed tightly without misalignment; whether the pressure-sensitive film 3 is assembled in the flexible packaging layer flatly, intactly and without wrinkles. The explosive is then detonated, and the pressure-sensitive film 5 changes color after being compressed. After the test is completed, carefully take out the pressure-sensitive film 5 and compare it with the pressure-sensitive film 5. Figure 7 The 4LW Prescale film standard colorimetric card provided by FUJIFILM is shown in the figure. First, measure the temperature and humidity in the environment, and then use the temperature and humidity table (such as Figure 7 (a) (Temperature and humidity chart)) to determine that the temperature and humidity in this environment are in zone D (such as Figure 7 (a) shows), so the response curve of the pressure-sensitive film 5 is determined as Figure 7 (c) Curve D; the color of the pressure-sensitive film 5 is compared with the standard color sample (such as Figure 7 (b) shows, Standard color samples) comparison, the corresponding standard color density ρ = 0.2; Figure 7 (c) The standard color density-pressure curve D shows that the standard color density ( Figure 7 (c) The vertical axis) ρ = 0.2 corresponds to the shock wave pressure ( Figure 7 The horizontal coordinate of (c) is P = 0.09MPa. Referring to the personnel safety protection criteria under the action of shock waves in the paper "Quantitative Analysis of Damage and Destruction of Explosion Shock Waves", P1 = 0.02MPa, P2 = 0.03MPa, P3 = 0.05MPa are taken, so the shock wave pressure P>P3, so it can be determined that the personnel have suffered serious explosion shock injuries. The measurement method of the present invention has a simple process and convenient measurement, and can be used for explosion shock damage measurement in various environments.

[0064] In the measurement of explosion impact injuries of other different equivalents and explosion distances, as long as the measurement is performed according to the explosion impact injury measurement device and method based on the pressure-sensitive film of the present invention, the measurement of explosion impact injuries can be completed quickly, simply and efficiently.

[0065] The above embodiment is only one implementation of the present invention. Its specific structure and size can be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements (such as changing the overall appearance of the measuring device, etc.) can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion impact damage measurement device based on a pressure-sensitive film, characterized in that The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film is in the shape of a flat plate as a whole, and is composed of a sealed shell (1), a flexible gasket (2), a pressure-sensitive film (3), a flexible pad (4), a sealed substrate (5), and a plurality of fastening bolts (6); the end of the sealed shell (1) close to the explosion center is defined as the left end of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film, and the end of the sealed substrate (5) far from the explosion center is defined as the right end of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film; the flexible gasket (2), the pressure-sensitive film (3), the flexible pad (4), the sealed substrate (5), and a plurality of fastening bolts (6) are defined as the left end of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film, and the end of the sealed substrate (5) far from the explosion center is defined as the right end of the explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film. The flexible gasket (2) and the pressure-sensitive film (3) are tightly attached to each other in sequence from left to right and coaxially nested in the sealed housing (1); the right end face of the flexible gasket (2) is tightly attached to the left end face of the pressure-sensitive film (3); the right end face of the combination of the flexible gasket (2) and the pressure-sensitive film (3) is tightly attached to the left end face of the flexible pad (4); the flexible gasket (2), the pressure-sensitive film (3) and the flexible pad (4) are combined to form a flexible packaging layer; the sealed housing (1) containing the flexible packaging layer is tightly attached to and fixed on the left end face of the sealing substrate (5) by a plurality of fastening bolts (6) to prevent the flexible packaging layer from slipping out of the sealed housing (1); The sealing shell (1) is used to load the flexible packaging layer and is fixed to the left side of the sealing substrate (5) by N6 fastening bolts (6) to keep the right end face of the sealing shell (1) in close contact with the left end face of the sealing substrate (5) and to limit the movement of the flexible packaging layer in the initial state. The number N6 of the fastening bolts (6) is a positive integer. The sealing shell (1) is coaxially arranged with the flexible gasket (2), the pressure-sensitive film (3) and the flexible gasket (4). The sealing shell (1) is a stepped circular ring, which is composed of a small circular ring (11), a transition circular ring (12) and a large circular ring (13). The inner radius of the small circular ring (11) is r. 11 , the outer radius of the small ring (11) is R 11 , the small ring (11) completely covers the flexible packaging layer, the thickness of the small ring (11) is t1; the inner radius of the large ring (13) is r 13 , the outer radius of the large ring (13) is R 13 The large circular ring (13) is evenly provided with N6 through holes for mounting fastening bolts (6); the distance between the center of the through hole of the fastening bolt (6) and the geometric center of the sealing housing (1) is L6; the outer radius of the transition circular ring (12) is equal to the outer radius R of the small circular ring 11 , the inner radius is equal to the inner radius of the large ring r 13 The thickness in the radial direction is b1, and the length in the axial direction (OO') is h 12 , the transition ring (12) is used to limit the radial displacement of the flexible sealing layer; the small ring (11), the transition ring (12) and the large ring (13) are coaxially stacked and connected in sequence, the outer circle of the small ring (11) coincides with the outer circle of the transition ring (12), and the inner circle of the large ring (13) coincides with the inner circle of the transition ring (12), so that the sealing shell (1) has a groove for filling the flexible packaging layer; the sealing shell (1) is made of soft alloy, which satisfies the requirement that the sealing shell (1) does not produce plastic deformation when subjected to shock waves, and at the same time, the flexible packaging layer will not be separated from the inside of the sealing shell (1); The flexible packaging layer is loaded between the sealing housing (1) and the sealing substrate (5); the flexible gasket (2) and the flexible pad (4) are used to package and fix the pressure-sensitive film (3) to limit the radial displacement of the pressure-sensitive film (3); the flexible gasket (2) is annular, and its outer radius R2 satisfies R2=r 13 , the inner radius r2 satisfies r2=r 11 , with a thickness of t2; the flexible pad (4) is in the shape of a disk, and its radius R4=R2; the flexible pad ring (2) and the flexible pad (4) are both made of flexible materials to ensure that the pressure-sensitive film (3) is in contact with the sealing substrate (5) under the action of the shock wave; the pressure-sensitive film (3) is assembled from a microcapsule layer containing a dye and a matching color developing layer, and is used to convert the felt shock wave pressure into the color change depth of the pressure-sensitive film (3), and is in the shape of a disk. The pressure-sensitive film (3) is clamped between the flexible pad ring (2) and the flexible pad (4). When the pressure-sensitive film (3) feels the shock wave pressure, the microcapsules inside the microcapsule layer are broken, and the dye flowing out reacts with the color developing layer to produce a red color block that is positively correlated with the pressure; The sealing substrate (5) is used to provide a stable support for the flexible packaging layer. The sealing substrate (5) cooperates with the sealing shell (1) to form an external packaging device of the flexible packaging layer. The sealing substrate (5) is in the shape of a square flat plate with a side length of L5 and a thickness of t5. The sealing substrate (5) is made of a soft alloy. The sealing substrate (5) and the sealing shell (1) are provided with N6 opening threads at the same projection position. The distance from the center of the opening thread to the geometric center of the sealing substrate (5) is equal to L6. The opening thread is internally tapped and processed with an internal thread for assembly with the sealing shell (1). The fastening bolts (6) are used to encapsulate the sealing substrate (5) and the sealing housing (1); the fastening bolts (6) are cylindrical and made of hard alloy to ensure that the fastening bolts (6) do not undergo plastic deformation under the action of the explosion shock wave; N6 fastening bolts (6) pass through the through holes of the sealing housing (1) and are screwed into the open thread of the sealing substrate (5).

2. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 1 is characterized in that The inner radius r of the small circular ring (11) of the sealing housing (1) 11 Satisfy 2cm≤r 11 ≤5cm, small ring (11) outer radius R 11 Satisfy 11 +1cm≤R 11 ≤r 11 +3cm, the thickness t1 of the small ring (11) satisfies 1mm≤t1≤2mm; the inner radius r of the large ring (13) 13 Satisfy 13 =R 11 -t1, the outer radius R of the large ring (13) 13 Satisfy R 11 +0.1r 11 ≤R 13 ≤R 11 +0.6r 11 The transition ring (12) has a radial thickness b1 = t1 and an axial length h 12 Meet 0.8mm≤h 12 ≤1mm.

3. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness t2 of the flexible gasket (2) satisfies t2=(h 12 +t1) / 2; the thickness t4 of the flexible pad (4) = t2; the radius R3 of the pressure-sensitive film (3) satisfies r2≤R3≤R2, and the thickness t3 satisfies t3≤0.4h 12 .

4. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 1, characterized in that The side length L5 of the sealing substrate (5) satisfies 2R 13 ≤L5≤2.2R 13 ; The thickness t5 of the sealing substrate (5) is ≤20 mm.

5. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance L6 from the center of the through hole of the fastening bolt (6) to the geometric center of the sealing housing (1) is (R 11 +R 13 ) / 2; the length l6 of the fastening bolt (6) satisfies 0.9(t1+t5)≤l6≤1.1(t1+t5); the number N6 of the fastening bolts (6) satisfies 6≤N6≤12.

6. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 1, characterized in that The soft alloy used in the sealing shell (1) satisfies the yield strength σ1>100MPa; the flexible material used in the flexible gasket (2) and the flexible gasket plate (4) satisfies the maximum strain ε2≥0.2 and the density ρ2>1g / cm 3 The pressure-sensitive film (3) satisfies the yield strength σ3<1000MPa, the measuring pressure range is 0.01Mpa–10Mpa, and the pressure measurement resolution is not less than 0.1kgf / cm 2 The sealing substrate (5) is made of a soft alloy satisfying a yield strength of σ5>100MPa; the fastening bolt (6) is made of a hard alloy satisfying a yield strength of σ6>100MPa.

7. The explosion impact damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film according to claim 6 is characterized in that The flexible material is polytetrafluoroethylene or nitrile rubber.

8. A method for measuring explosion impact damage using the explosion impact damage measuring device based on a pressure-sensitive film as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The first step is to install a blast impact damage measurement device based on a pressure-sensitive film: 1.1 Assemble the sealing substrate (5) on a stable support or a solid wall; 1.2 Assemble the microcapsule layer and the color-developing layer of the pressure-sensitive film (3), and concentrically clamp them between the flexible gasket ring (2) and the flexible pad (4), and ensure that the microcapsule layer is attached to the flexible gasket ring (2), and the color-developing layer is attached to the flexible pad (4), so as to form a flexible encapsulation layer; 1.3 Assemble the flexible packaging layer in the inner groove of the sealing shell (1) so that the sealing shell (1) and the flexible packaging layer are tightly combined, ensuring that the pressure-sensitive film (3) can smoothly measure the shock wave and produce a color reaction in the middle hollow part of the small ring (11); 1.4 Align the through holes of the sealing housing (1) equipped with the flexible encapsulation layer with the threaded positions of the openings of the sealing substrate (5) one by one, and fix the sealing housing (1) and the sealing substrate (5) with the fastening bolts (6); 1. Inspect the explosion shock damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film (3) to ensure that: the sealed housing (1) and the sealed substrate (5) are tightly installed without misalignment; the pressure-sensitive film (3) is assembled flat, intact, and without wrinkles inside the flexible packaging layer; Second step, use the explosion shock damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film (3) to measure the shock wave damage to the protected object: 2.1 The explosive source explodes, and the generated shock wave acts on the protected object, generating an overpressure that acts on the explosion shock damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film (3), causing the pressure-sensitive film (3) to produce a color reaction; 2.2 After the shock wave acts, wait for 3 minutes for the pressure-sensitive film (3) to have a color reaction, ensuring that the color of the pressure-sensitive film (3) no longer changes with time; 2.3 Remove the fastening bolts (6), remove the sealed housing (1) and the sealed substrate (5), take out the flexible packaging layer, and avoid the fingers and the explosion shock damage measuring device based on the pressure-sensitive film (3) touching the color reaction area of the pressure-sensitive film (3) to cause measurement errors; 2.4 Separate the flexible gasket ring (2) and the flexible backing plate (4) in the flexible packaging layer, carefully take out the pressure-sensitive film (3), separate the microcapsule layer and the color reaction layer of the pressure-sensitive film (3), and place it in a clean and dry place; 2.5 Compare the color change result of the color reaction layer of the pressure-sensitive film (3) with the standard color comparison card given by the pressure-sensitive film manufacturer; by comparing the color depth of the color reaction of the pressure-sensitive film (3) with the color depth of the standard color comparison card, obtain the standard color density ρ and the shock wave pressure P corresponding to the color shown by the measuring device; when P < P1, it is determined that the explosion shock damage has no significant impact; when P1 < P < P2, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is light; when P2 < P < P3, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is medium; when P > P3, it is determined that the explosion shock damage is severe; P1 is the upper threshold limit for determining that the explosion shock damage has no significant impact and the lower threshold limit for determining that it is light; P2 is the upper threshold limit for determining that the explosion shock damage is light and the lower threshold limit for determining that it is medium; P3 is the upper threshold limit for determining that the explosion shock damage is medium and the lower threshold limit for determining that it is severe; the ranges of P1, P2, and P3 are from 0.01 MPa to 0.05 MPa, and P1 < P2 < P3; 2.6 After the experiment, by replacing the new pressure-sensitive film (3) and arranging the measuring device according to the steps of the first step, the reuse of the measuring device is realized.

9. The method for measuring explosion impact damage according to claim 8, characterized in that The installation method of assembling the sealed substrate (5) on a stable bracket or a solid wall described in step 1.1 is pasting or bolt fastening.

10. The method for measuring explosion impact damage according to claim 8, characterized in that The standard color comparison card described in step 2.5 is the 4LW type Prescale film standard color comparison card given by FUJIFILM or the JWY-4LW type pressure-sensitive paper standard color comparison card given by Jingwei Ying or the 3LW type pressure test film standard color comparison card given by Shenghong; P1, P2, and P3 satisfy 0.01 MPa < P1 ≤ 0.02 MPa, 0.02 MPa < P2 ≤ 0.03 MPa, and 0.03 MPa < P3 ≤ 0.05 MPa.

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