Snow body-based compaction hammer compaction method and snow body sample preparation device
By calculating the effective hitting effect at the snow body's solid point and making a difference with the preset hitting effect, the problem of inconsistent hitting effect and large error in the existing technology is solved, and the accurate hitting effect of the snow body is achieved It is in line with the actual sample preparation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411467767.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, manual solid-scaling instruments rely on empirical judgment, resulting in inconsistent impact effect; automatic solid-scaling instruments due to changes in the falling height of the hammer body and interference from external factors, resulting in a erroneous impact effect and The expected results do not match.
By calculating the effective hitting work of the hitting hammer at the snow body's hitting point, and making a difference with the preset hitting work to judge the qualified performance of the hitting process. This method includes obtaining the preset hitting work of the snow body, recording the acceleration change data when the hitting the hammer falls, calculating the elastic modulus and the nominal hitting work, and then calculating the effective hitting work, and judging the hitting effect by the difference.
The accurate impact of the snow body is achieved, reducing the error of the impact effect, and making the snow body sample effect consistent with the actual situation.
Smart Images
Figure CN119469951A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of snow sample making, and in particular to a snow sample making method based on a snow compaction hammer and a snow sample making device. Background Art
[0002] Snow is generally divided into new snow, compacted snow and granular snow according to density. Each type of snow will give skiers different feelings under the skis, and the skiing techniques used will also be different. Not only are the ski trails different in each ski resort, but the snow quality is also different, and beginners often cannot adapt to different snow qualities. When making snow samples, in order to be able to handle snow of different densities in a standardized manner, it is often necessary to load the snow in layers (three or four layers) in the compaction cylinder. Specific method: According to the type of snow, divide the snow into three or four equal parts, and then fill it into the compaction cylinder in layers in turn. After each layer is filled in, it is compacted. Generally, the number of compactions is twenty-five times, and the compaction direction is to hammer one circle along the inner edge of the compaction cylinder.
[0003] As mentioned above, during the use of traditional manual compaction instruments, the sample is usually compacted several times repeatedly, and the compaction effect of the sample is judged by the staff's own experience. For automated compaction instruments, a certain amount of compaction work is generally applied to the snow body according to the type of snow body. Specifically, the compaction hammer in the compaction instrument is raised to a corresponding height, and then performs a free fall motion (or a downward acceleration motion under the action of a driving source) to compact the snow body below, and the compaction work of the snow body during each compaction process is recorded. In the case of free fall, the compaction work is equivalent to the gravity work of the compaction hammer body. Repeat this many times until the sum of the multiple compaction work values is approximately equal to the initial setting value of the snow body compaction work, which means that the compaction of the snow body has achieved the predetermined effect.
[0004] Based on the manual compaction instrument mentioned above, the compaction effect of the manual compaction instrument on the snow body is judged by the staff through experience, and the compaction effect obtained is obtained by the effective compaction work, but the compaction effect needs to be judged by the staff through experience. Different staff have different experiences, and thus the compaction effects judged are different. For large-scale snow compaction work, the compaction effect judged by the staff's experience is difficult to ensure uniformity, which is easy to cause snow avalanche and other situations in the subsequent use process.
[0005] Based on the above-mentioned automated compaction instrument, the total compaction work of the compaction hammer on the snow body is calculated by superposition. However, after each compaction, the surface of the snow body will be compacted downward, and the height of the subsequent compaction hammer drops will be larger than the previous compaction height. The automated compaction instrument always uses the snow body surface in the initial state as a reference to determine the height of the compaction hammer drop, which will produce a small compaction work error. Multiple accumulation will produce a larger compaction work error. In the compaction process, the total compaction work will also be affected by the following factors: a certain mass of snow particles adhered to the compaction hammer and the hammer is subject to air resistance during its fall. The above factors combined will make the total compaction work accumulated and calculated by the automated compaction instrument the nominal compaction work rather than the effective compaction work on the snow body, which will cause the actual compaction effect of the snow body to be quite different from the expected compaction effect, making the sample preparation effect inconsistent with the actual situation. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose a compaction method based on a compaction hammer for snow and a snow sample making device. The effective compaction work of the compaction hammer on the snow body at the compaction point is calculated, and the difference between the effective compaction work and the preset compaction work of the snow body is made, so as to judge whether the compaction treatment is qualified or not.
[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0008] A compaction method based on a snow body using a compaction hammer, the compaction method comprising the following steps:
[0009] Step 1: Obtain a certain volume of snow and determine the preset compaction work to be received by the snow according to the type and volume of the snow;
[0010] Step 2: Suspend the compacting hammer at a certain height above the snow body, and then drop it to compact the snow body, record the acceleration change data when the compacting hammer speed decreases to zero when it hits the snow body, and draw a curve of acceleration change during the drop hammer impact process;
[0011] Step 3: Obtain the acceleration peak value through the acceleration change curve in step 2, and obtain the elastic modulus of the snow body at the point where the falling hammer hits based on the obtained acceleration peak value and the elastic modulus calculation formula;
[0012] Step 4: Obtain the nominal compaction work of the hammer falling at the height on the snow body through the nominal compaction work calculation formula;
[0013] Step 5: Based on the elastic modulus described in step 3 and the nominal compaction work described in step 4, and in combination with the effective compaction work calculation formula, the effective compaction work of the compaction hammer falling at the height on the snow body is obtained;
[0014] Step six: Subtract the effective compaction work value obtained in step five from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the size of the difference is within the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is qualified and the compaction is completed; if the size of the difference exceeds the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is unqualified and needs to be operated again.
[0015] As a further scheme of the present invention: according to the preset compaction work described in step one, the compaction action is performed in multiple times to ensure that the effective compaction work generated during the multiple compaction processes is accumulated to be the same as the preset compaction work, record the elastic modulus of the snow at each hammer compaction point, and obtain the snow density through the density calculation formula. If the difference between the snow density after the last compaction action and the snow density corresponding to the preset compaction work is within the error range, then the multiple compaction treatments are qualified; if the difference between the snow density after the last compaction action and the snow density corresponding to the preset compaction work is beyond the error range, then the multiple compaction treatments are unqualified.
[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the density calculation formula is expressed as follows:
[0017]
[0018] Where E is the elastic modulus of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic modulus calculation formula in step 3 is expressed as follows:
[0020]
[0021] In the formula, a max represents the peak acceleration value obtained according to the acceleration change curve in step 2, H represents the height of the hammer falling, m represents the mass of the hammer, and E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the nominal compaction work calculation formula in step 4 is expressed as follows:
[0023]
[0024] Wherein, a(t) represents the acceleration of the falling hammer at time t, t1 represents the peak start time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, t2 represents the peak end time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, m represents the mass of the striking hammer, and T represents the nominal striking work.
[0025] As a further solution of the present invention: the calculation formula of the effective compaction work in step 5 is expressed as follows:
[0026]
[0027] Where, T a represents the nominal compaction work, m represents the mass of the compaction hammer, t1 represents the peak start time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, t2 represents the peak end time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, a(t) represents the acceleration of the falling hammer at the tth moment between t1 and t2, S represents the bottom area of the compaction hammer, and E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the compaction point of the falling hammer.
[0028] As a further solution of the present invention: the acceleration data obtained in step 2 is filtered and denoised in advance, and then a corresponding acceleration change curve is drawn.
[0029] The present invention also proposes a snow sample making device, which is applicable to the above-mentioned snow body-based compaction hammer compaction method, and comprises the following units:
[0030] A bearing unit, used for bearing the snow;
[0031] An adjustable arm unit is used for placing the compacting hammer, and the adjustable arm unit drives the compacting hammer to be suspended above the snow body and is adjustable in height relative to the snow body;
[0032] A control unit, used to record acceleration change data when the compacting hammer speed decreases to zero when the compacting hammer hits the snow body, and use the data for subsequent corresponding calculations;
[0033] The judgment unit is used to subtract the calculated value from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the difference exceeds the error range, an "unqualified" prompt sound is issued; if the difference is within the error range, a "qualified" prompt sound is issued.
[0034] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed, the above-mentioned snow-based compaction hammer compaction method is implemented.
[0035] Furthermore, an electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned snow-based compaction hammer compaction method when executing the computer program.
[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0037] 1. By proposing the effective compaction work, the effective compaction work of the compaction hammer on the snow body at the corresponding height can be calculated using the effective compaction work calculation formula. Compared with the method in the prior art that directly equates the work done on the snow body with the work done by the gravity of the compaction hammer, the compaction effect of the effective compaction work on the snow body in the present invention is close to the actual preset compaction effect, so that the snow body sample effect is consistent with the actual one;
[0038] 2. By proposing the nominal compaction work, the present invention does not equate the nominal compaction work with the work done by gravity, but ignores the interference of some external factors, and obtains the value of the nominal compaction work through the change of acceleration when the compaction hammer hits the snow body and the corresponding nominal compaction work calculation formula. On this basis, the calculation of the effective compaction work can be made more accurate, and the error with the preset compaction work is further reduced;
[0039] 3. The preset compaction work is divided into multiple compaction actions. After each compaction is completed, the snow density at the compaction point can be obtained by the accelerometer. The snow density after each compaction is compared with the snow density corresponding to the preset compaction work. If the difference between the snow density after the last compaction action and the snow density corresponding to the preset compaction work is within the error range, the multiple compaction treatment is qualified; otherwise, the multiple compaction treatment is unqualified, which can be used to judge whether the multiple compaction process is not standardized or the snow body is degenerated.
[0040] 4. When faced with snow that is unknown whether it has been denatured, workers can use the above-mentioned multiple step-by-step compaction actions to perform standard operations on the snow. If the density of the snow in any step is contrary to expectations, it means that the snow has been denatured and cannot be used. This method can quickly detect whether the snow has been denatured and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0044] Embodiment 1:
[0045] like Figure 1As shown, a compaction method based on a compaction hammer for snow body is provided, and the compaction method is intended to compact the snow body by using a compaction hammer, and the method comprises the following steps:
[0046] Step 1: Obtain a certain volume of snow and determine the preset compaction work to be received by the snow according to the type and volume of the snow; in this step, the type of snow can be new snow, compacted snow, granular snow, etc.;
[0047] Step 2: Suspend the compacting hammer at a certain height above the snow body, and then drop it to compact the snow body, record the acceleration change data when the compacting hammer speed decreases to zero when it hits the snow body, and draw a curve of acceleration change during the drop hammer impact process;
[0048] In this step, the snow body can be placed inside the cylinder in advance, and then the compacting hammer can be suspended above the opening of the cylinder; wherein, for the acceleration change during the compacting process of the compacting hammer, an accelerometer can be installed on the hammer handle of the compacting hammer, and the accelerometer can be electrically connected to an external controller, and the accelerometer can be used to record the acceleration of the compacting hammer during the process and feed it back to the controller, the controller processes the acceleration change data and displays an acceleration change curve graph, the horizontal axis of the acceleration change graph is the time from the initial state to the final state of the compacting hammer compacting the snow body, and the vertical axis is the acceleration change of the compacting hammer during the time process, that is, the acceleration change curve graph is an at curve graph.
[0049] Specifically, in order to ensure that the accelerometer accurately transmits the acceleration change data to the controller, the acceleration change data may be filtered and denoised before transmission.
[0050] Step 3: The acceleration peak value is obtained through the acceleration change curve in step 2, and the elastic modulus of the snow body at the point where the falling hammer hits is obtained based on the obtained acceleration peak value and the elastic modulus calculation formula; the elastic modulus calculation formula in the above is expressed as follows:
[0051]
[0052] In the formula, a max represents the peak acceleration value obtained according to the acceleration change curve in step 2, H represents the height of the hammer falling, m represents the mass of the hammer, and E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
[0053] Step 4: The nominal compaction work of the hammer falling at the height on the snow body is obtained by the nominal compaction work calculation formula; the nominal compaction work calculation formula in the above step 4 is expressed as follows:
[0054]
[0055] Wherein, a(t) represents the acceleration of the falling hammer at the tth moment between t1 and t2, t1 represents the peak start time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, t2 represents the peak end time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, m represents the mass of the striking hammer, and T represents the nominal striking work.
[0056] Step 5: Based on the elastic modulus in step 3 and the nominal compaction work in step 4, the effective compaction work of the falling hammer on the snow at this height is obtained in combination with the effective compaction work calculation formula; the effective compaction work calculation formula in the above-mentioned formula is expressed as follows:
[0057]
[0058] Where, T a represents the nominal compaction work, m represents the mass of the compaction hammer, t1 represents the peak start time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, t2 represents the peak end time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, a(t) represents the acceleration of the falling hammer at the tth moment between t1 and t2, S represents the bottom area of the compaction hammer, and E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the compaction point of the falling hammer.
[0059] Step six: Subtract the effective compaction work value obtained in step five from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the size of the difference is within the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is qualified and the compaction is completed; if the size of the difference exceeds the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is unqualified and needs to be operated again.
[0060] Embodiment 2:
[0061] During the compaction process, if the maximum height that the compaction hammer can hang cannot meet the requirements of a single preset compaction work, the compaction action needs to be performed multiple times according to the preset compaction work. It should be noted that the effective compaction work accumulated during multiple compaction processes must be the same as the preset compaction work. During each compaction process, the elastic modulus of the snow at each hammer compaction point is recorded, and the density of the snow is calculated using the density calculation formula. The relationship between density and elastic modulus is expressed using the formula:
[0062] E(ρ)=6.0457e 0.011ρ ;
[0063] Where ρ represents the density of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
[0064] After transformation, we can get:
[0065]
[0066] Where E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the impact point of the falling hammer. The elastic modulus of the snow at the impact point can be obtained from the above-mentioned accelerometer, and then the density of the snow at this point can be obtained.
[0067] If the difference between the density of the snow after the last compaction and the density of the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work is within the error range, the multiple compaction treatment is qualified; if the difference between the density of the snow after the last compaction and the density of the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work is beyond the error range, the multiple compaction treatment is unqualified. Among them, the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work is prepared according to the preparation standard. After the snow is prepared, some of its parameters can be measured by relevant instruments, and then its density can be measured.
[0068] For example, the compaction action is divided into five times according to the preset compaction work. During each compaction process, the density of the snow at the compaction point is recorded. After the fifth compaction action is completed, the density of the snow at the fifth compaction point is compared with the density of the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work. If the difference between the two is within the error range, the five compaction processes are qualified. After the third compaction action is completed, if the density of the snow at the compaction point is close to the density of the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work, it means that there is an operational error in the entire compaction process, or the snow has been denatured, and the specific cause of the problem can be determined through review.
[0069] Through this embodiment, not only can the preset compaction work be gradually accumulated to meet different preparation requirements, but also the density of the snow body during the step-by-step preparation process can be measured. By comparing the density of the snow body at each step with the density of the snow body corresponding to the preset compaction work, the comparison result can detect whether there are problems such as irregular operation or snow body denaturation. Using this comparison method, when facing snow body whose denaturation is unknown, the staff can perform the above standard operation on the snow body. If the density of the snow body is contrary to expectations, it means that the snow body is denatured and cannot be used.
[0070] Embodiment three:
[0071] A snow sample making device includes a bearing unit, an adjustable arm unit, a control unit and a determination unit, as follows:
[0072] (1) a carrying unit for carrying snow, which can be configured as a container such as a cylinder in the prior art;
[0073] (2) An adjustable arm unit is used to place the compacting hammer, and the adjustable arm unit drives the compacting hammer to suspend above the snow body and is adjustable in height relative to the snow body. The adjustable arm unit can be configured as a sliding bracket located directly above the cylinder body, and the sliding bracket can drive the compacting hammer to move in the vertical direction, so that the hanging height of the compacting hammer relative to the snow body can be adjusted, thereby achieving compaction of the snow body under different conditions;
[0074] (3) a control unit, used to record the acceleration change data when the speed of the compacting hammer decreases to zero when the compacting hammer hits the snow body, and use the data to perform subsequent corresponding calculations. The control unit can be set as the above-mentioned accelerometer, or can be set as other components that play the same role as the accelerometer, such as a derivative of the accelerometer. In order to avoid cumbersome text, it will not be described in detail here.
[0075] (4) A determination unit, which is used to subtract the calculated value from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the difference exceeds the error range, an "unqualified" prompt sound is issued; if the difference is within the error range, a "qualified" prompt sound is issued. The determination unit includes a controller and an output component electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller can be any suitable computing device, such as a personal computer, a server, a PLC controller, a single-chip microcomputer, etc.; wherein the output component can be any suitable reminder device, such as a voice module or a derivative of a voice module in the prior art.
[0076] Embodiment 4:
[0077] A readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed, implements the above-mentioned snow-based compaction hammer compaction method.
[0078] Embodiment five:
[0079] An electronic device comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned snow-based compaction hammer compaction method is implemented.
[0080] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.
Claims
1. A compaction method based on a snow body using a compaction hammer, which is intended to compact the snow body using a compaction hammer, characterized in that: The compaction method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Obtain a certain volume of snow and determine the preset compaction work to be received by the snow according to the type and volume of the snow; Step 2: Suspend the compacting hammer at a certain height above the snow body, and then drop it to compact the snow body, record the acceleration change data when the compacting hammer speed decreases to zero when it hits the snow body, and draw a curve of acceleration change during the drop hammer impact process; Step 3: Obtain the acceleration peak value through the acceleration change curve in step 2, and obtain the elastic modulus of the snow body at the point where the falling hammer hits based on the obtained acceleration peak value and the elastic modulus calculation formula; Step 4: Obtain the nominal compaction work of the hammer falling at the height on the snow body through the nominal compaction work calculation formula; Step 5: Based on the elastic modulus described in step 3 and the nominal compaction work described in step 4, and in combination with the effective compaction work calculation formula, the effective compaction work of the compaction hammer falling at the height on the snow body is obtained; Step six: Subtract the effective compaction work value obtained in step five from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the size of the difference is within the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is qualified and the compaction is completed; if the size of the difference exceeds the preset compaction work error range, the compaction process is unqualified and needs to be operated again.
2. A compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the preset compaction work described in step 1, the compaction action is performed multiple times to ensure that the effective compaction work generated during the multiple compaction processes is accumulated to be the same as the preset compaction work, the elastic modulus of the snow body at each drop hammer compaction point is recorded, and the snow body density is obtained through the density calculation formula. If the snow body density after the last compaction action is compared with the snow body density corresponding to the preset compaction work, and the difference between the two is within the error range, then the multiple compaction treatments are qualified; If the difference between the density of the snow after the last compaction action and the density of the snow corresponding to the preset compaction work exceeds the error range, the multiple compaction treatments are unqualified.
3. The compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The density calculation formula is expressed as follows: Where E is the elastic modulus of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
4. A compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The elastic modulus calculation formula in step 3 is expressed as follows: In the formula, a max represents the peak acceleration value obtained according to the acceleration change curve in step 2, H represents the height of the hammer falling, m represents the mass of the hammer, and E represents the elastic modulus of the snow at the point where the hammer hits.
5. The compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The nominal compaction work calculation formula in step 4 is as follows: Wherein, a(t) represents the deceleration of the falling hammer at time t, t1 represents the peak start time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, t2 represents the peak end time of the acceleration change curve in step 2, m represents the mass of the striking hammer, and T represents the nominal striking work.
6. The compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of effective compaction work in step 5 is as follows: Where, T a It represents the effective compaction work, and S represents the bottom area of the compaction hammer.
7. The compaction method based on snow body using a compaction hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acceleration data obtained in step 2 is filtered and denoised in advance, and then the corresponding acceleration change curve is drawn.
8. A snow sample making device, characterized in that: A compaction method based on a snow body using a compaction hammer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following units: A bearing unit, used for bearing the snow; An adjustable arm unit is used for placing the compacting hammer, and the adjustable arm unit drives the compacting hammer to be suspended above the snow body and is adjustable in height relative to the snow body; A control unit, used to record acceleration change data when the compacting hammer speed decreases to zero when the compacting hammer hits the snow body, and use the data for subsequent corresponding calculations; The judgment unit is used to subtract the calculated value from the preset compaction work value and obtain the difference. If the difference exceeds the error range, an "unqualified" prompt sound is issued; if the difference is within the error range, a "qualified" prompt sound is issued.
9. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed, a compaction method based on a snow body using a compaction hammer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, a compaction method based on a snow body using a compaction hammer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.