An automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic sampling device for microplastic samples in farmland soil, which includes a support component, a pretreatment component arranged on the support component, a drying component arranged inside the pretreatment component, and a first collection component arranged at the end of the pretreatment component; the pretreatment component is used for stirring and pulverizing the farmland soil, the drying component is used for drying the farmland soil, and the first collection component is used for adsorbing, fixing and separating the microplastic particles in the dried farmland soil; the structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, with high automation and integration levels, extremely high operation convenience, effectively improving the collection efficiency of microplastic samples in farmland soil, providing equipment support for the analysis and research of farmland soil, and being suitable for wide-range promotion and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil environmental detection, and particularly relates to an automatic sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples. Background Art

[0002] The sources of microplastics in farmland soil are very extensive, mainly including agricultural film degradation, organic fertilizer application, plastic waste landfill, sludge reuse and other ways. Over time, agricultural films form smaller microplastic particles (<5mm) under the action of photodegradation, oxidation, and mechanical fragmentation. Such particles are called microplastics. The remaining agricultural films cause great harm to the soil environment. Recently, studies have found that microplastics in the soil enter the food chain through biological ingestion or plant absorption, endangering human health; at the same time, microplastics can not only enter the brains of mammals, but also enter the human blood, and have become a new type of pollutant that cannot be ignored.

[0003] Compared with microplastics in the water environment, microplastics in terrestrial soil are more difficult to separate and extract. From the perspective of the environmental background, the composition of terrestrial soil is relatively complex, and there are many objective influencing factors, making it difficult to conduct relevant scientific research experiments on microplastics, and the separation and detection effects are not obvious; currently, the focus of attention on microplastic pollution is mainly on the water environment, and there is relatively little research on the current situation of terrestrial microplastic pollution, especially farmland soil microplastic pollution, which restricts people's research on microplastic pollution in farmland soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above existing technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples, including a support assembly, a pretreatment assembly arranged on the support assembly, a drying assembly arranged inside the pretreatment assembly, and a first collection assembly arranged at the end of the pretreatment assembly; the support assembly includes a base and a support frame arranged on the upper end surface of the base;

[0006] The pretreatment assembly includes a cylinder arranged at the top of the support frame, an inner sleeve sleeved inside the cylinder, a crushing frame rotatably clamped inside the inner sleeve, and a rotary motor arranged at the end of the cylinder to provide power for the crushing frame;

[0007] The drying assembly includes several delivery pipes equidistantly distributed inside the side wall of the inner sleeve and a hot air blower arranged on the upper end surface of the base; an annular pipe connected to each delivery pipe is arranged at one end of the cylinder close to the rotary motor, and the annular pipe is communicated with the output end of the hot air blower;

[0008] The first collection component includes a collection box arranged at one end of the cylinder body far from the rotating motor, a first adsorption filter membrane movably clamped inside the collection box, and an exhaust fan arranged on the outer side wall of the collection box; the collection box is internally communicated with the inner sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, filtering holes are arranged at a lower position of the inner sleeve; both sides of the bottom end of the inner sleeve are rotatably clamped with opening plates, and arc-shaped racks are arranged at both ends of the outer side walls of the two opening plates; driving shafts are rotatably clamped at positions corresponding to the two opening plates inside the cylinder body, driving gears meshed with the corresponding arc-shaped racks are sleeved on the two driving shafts respectively, and the ends of the two driving shafts penetrate through the cylinder body and are both provided with connecting sprockets; speed reduction motors are arranged on the upper end surface of the base and respectively located below the two connecting sprockets, and main sprockets are arranged at the output ends of the two speed reduction motors; the two main sprockets and the two connecting sprockets are respectively in transmission connection through chains in one-to-one correspondence; a second collection component connected to the cylinder body is arranged on the upper end surface of the base;

[0010] Note: After the large particle microplastic samples in the soil are adsorbed and collected by the first adsorption filter membrane, the driving shaft is rotated by the speed reduction motor, so that the opening plate slides on the inner sleeve and then disengages from the filtering hole area on the inner sleeve, facilitating the crushed soil particles inside the inner sleeve to enter the second collection component.

[0011] Furthermore, the second collection component includes a flotation box arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body, several ultrasonic vibration rods evenly distributed inside the flotation box, a filtering box arranged on the base, and a second adsorption filter membrane movably clamped inside the filtering box; a chemical addition pipe and a first drain pipe are arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation box; a vibration seat connected to each ultrasonic vibration rod is arranged at the bottom end of the flotation box, and an ultrasonic generator electrically connected to the vibration seat is arranged on the base; a second drain pipe is arranged on the outer side wall of the filtering box; a suction pump is arranged at the top end of the filtering box, the input end of the suction pump is connected with a first conduit penetrating through the flotation box, and the output end of the suction pump is connected with a second conduit penetrating through the filtering box;

[0012] Note: The soil inside the inner sleeve falls into the flotation box during the rotation of the crushing frame. Flotation agents are added into the flotation box through the chemical addition pipe, and the flotation agents and the soil are ultrasonically mixed by the ultrasonic vibration rods. After the mixed solution stands and layers, the upper non-precipitating layer of the mixed solution is sucked into the filtering box by the suction pump, and the microplastic particles in the mixed liquid are adsorbed again by the second adsorption filter membrane.

[0013] Furthermore, a floating pipe is slidably clamped at the end of the first conduit, a floating ball is arranged at the bottom end of the floating pipe, and a water inlet hole is arranged through the bottom end of the floating ball; an observation window is arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation box and corresponding to the position of the floating ball;

[0014] Description: The floating ball can drive the floating pipe to move with the change of the liquid level height inside the flotation tank, which is beneficial to make the non-precipitation layer inside the flotation tank completely enter the inside of the filter tank, and is beneficial to improve the thoroughness of the collection of microplastic samples in farmland soil.

[0015] Furthermore, a pull-out plate connected to the second adsorption filter membrane is movably inserted into the side wall of the filter tank;

[0016] Description: By setting the pull-out plate, it is convenient to replace the second adsorption filter membrane.

[0017] Furthermore, several docking rods are equidistantly distributed at the connection between the cylinder body and the collection box, and clamping seats are arranged at the ends of each docking rod; mounting holes capable of sleeving outside the clamping seats are arranged on the outer side wall of the collection box, and arc-shaped chutes are penetrated through the outer side wall of the collection box at positions corresponding to each mounting hole;

[0018] Description: When the collection box is connected to the cylinder body, align the mounting holes on the collection box with the docking rods, and then rotate the collection box. At this time, the docking rods slide inside the corresponding arc-shaped chutes, so that the clamping seats are clamped on the outer side wall of the collection box, which is beneficial to improve the installation convenience of the collection box.

[0019] Furthermore, the clamping seat is slidably clamped outside the docking rod, and a compression spring abutting against the clamping seat is sleeved on the side of the docking rod away from the cylinder body;

[0020] Description: By setting the compression spring, the clamping seat is always tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the collection box, which is beneficial to improve the sealing performance between the collection box and the cylinder body.

[0021] Furthermore, the cylinder body includes an outer sleeve and sealing covers movably connected to both ends of the outer sleeve respectively; the rotating motor and the collection box are respectively arranged on the two sealing covers one by one;

[0022] Description: By setting the split-type cylinder body, it is convenient to clean the inside of the cylinder body, and at the same time, it is convenient to replace and maintain the equipment components inside the cylinder body, ensuring the operation reliability of the device.

[0023] The usage method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Put the soil into the inner sleeve through the feeding end cover, and use the rotating motor to drive the crushing frame to rotate to continuously stir the soil; at the same time, use the hot air blower to introduce high-temperature hot air into each conveying pipe through the annular pipe, and the high-temperature hot air blows towards the soil through the air outlet nozzles on the conveying pipe to dry the soil;

[0025] S2. Turn on the exhaust fan and keep the crushing frame rotating. The large-particle microplastics in the soil enter the inside of the collection box under the action of the exhaust fan and are adsorbed and fixed by the first adsorption filter membrane;

[0026] S3. Drive the drive shaft to rotate by using a reduction motor, so that the opening plate slides on the inner sleeve and then disengages from the filter hole area on the inner sleeve; the soil inside the inner sleeve falls into the flotation tank during the rotation of the crushing frame;

[0027] S4. Add flotation reagents into the flotation tank through the chemical addition pipe. Use the ultrasonic generator to transmit the electrical signal to the ultrasonic vibration rod. The ultrasonic vibration rod converts the electrical signal into mechanical energy to ultrasonically mix the flotation reagents and soil particles. After the mixed liquid inside the flotation tank stands and stratifies, use a suction pump to suck the upper non-precipitating layer of the mixed solution into the filter tank, and use the second adsorption filter membrane to adsorb and fix the small particle microplastics in the mixed liquid; wherein, the flotation reagent is a NaCl solution with a volume concentration of 15-25%, and the volume ratio of the flotation reagent to the soil particles is 5:1;

[0028] S5. Take out the first adsorption filter membrane and the second adsorption filter membrane, and separate the microplastic particles adsorbed on the first adsorption filter membrane and the second adsorption filter membrane; wherein, both the first adsorption filter membrane and the second adsorption filter membrane are made of hollow fiber membranes, the pore size of the first adsorption filter membrane is 3mm, and the pore size of the second adsorption filter membrane is 1mm.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in the following aspects:

[0030] First, the structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. The first adsorption filter membrane and the second adsorption filter membrane are used to collect microplastic samples in farmland soil step by step, effectively improving the separation effect and separation efficiency of microplastic samples in farmland soil, and providing reliable test samples for the research on microplastic pollution in farmland soil;

[0031] Second, the present invention dries, crushes, and filters the farmland soil, avoiding the interference of impurity particles in the soil on the extraction of microplastic samples, which is beneficial to improving the purity of the separated microplastic samples and laying a foundation for the research and analysis of the content and composition of microplastic samples in farmland soil;

[0032] Third, the present invention has a high degree of automation and integration, improving the operation convenience of the device, thus effectively improving the collection efficiency of microplastic samples in farmland soil and providing equipment support for the analysis and research of farmland soil. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 is the longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the front view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the left view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the inner sleeve of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inner sleeve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is the present invention Figure 5 A partial enlarged schematic diagram at position A in;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the opening plate and the inner sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the collection box and the sealing cover of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 It is the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram at position B in;

[0042] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the first conduit and the flotation tank of the present invention;

[0043] Wherein, 1 - support assembly, 10 - base, 11 - support frame, 2 - pretreatment assembly, 20 - cylinder body, 200 - feeding end cover, 201 - air inlet pipe, 202 - outer sleeve, 203 - sealing cover, 21 - inner sleeve, 210 - filter holes, 22 - crushing frame, 220 - crushing teeth, 23 - rotating motor, 24 - opening plate, 240 - arc-shaped rack, 25 - driving shaft, 250 - driving gear, 251 - connecting sprocket, 26 - reduction motor, 260 - main sprocket, 3 - drying assembly, 30 - conveying pipe, 300 - air outlet nozzle, 301 - barrier net, 31 - hot air blower, 32 - annular pipe, 4 - first collection assembly, 40 - collection box, 400 - mounting holes, 401 - arc-shaped sliding groove, 41 - first adsorption filter membrane, 42 - exhaust fan, 43 - docking rod, 430 - clamping seat, 431 - compression spring, 5 - second collection assembly, 50 - flotation tank, 500 - chemical addition pipe, 501 - first drain pipe, 502 - observation window, 51 - ultrasonic vibration rod, 510 - vibration seat, 511 - ultrasonic generator, 52 - filter box, 520 - second drain pipe, 53 - second adsorption filter membrane, 530 - pull-out plate, 54 - suction pump, 540 - first conduit, 541 - second conduit, 542 - floating pipe, 543 - floating ball. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Example 1

[0045] As Figure 1 、 2An automatic sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples shown in the figure includes a support assembly 1, a pretreatment assembly 2 arranged on the support assembly 1, a drying assembly 3 arranged inside the pretreatment assembly 2, and a first collection assembly 4 arranged at the end of the pretreatment assembly 2; the support assembly 1 includes a base 10 and a support frame 11 arranged on the upper end face of the base 10;

[0046] As Figure 1 , 2 shown in the figure, the pretreatment assembly 2 includes a cylinder body 20 arranged at the top of the support frame 11, an inner sleeve 21 sleeved inside the cylinder body 20, a crushing frame 22 rotatably clamped inside the inner sleeve 21, and a rotary motor 23 arranged at the end of the cylinder body 20 to provide power for the crushing frame 22; the cylinder body 20 includes an outer sleeve 202 and sealing covers 203 movably connected to both ends of the outer sleeve 202 respectively; a feeding end cover 200 and an air inlet pipe 201 are arranged on one of the sealing covers 203; the rotary motor 23 is arranged on one of the sealing covers 203;

[0047] As Figure 1 , 5 , 6 shown in the figure, the drying assembly 3 includes 4 delivery pipes 30 equidistantly distributed inside the side wall of the inner sleeve 21 and a hot air blower 31 arranged on the upper end face of the base 10; an air outlet nozzle 300 penetrating the inner side wall of the inner sleeve 21 is arranged on each delivery pipe 30; an annular pipe 32 simultaneously connected to each delivery pipe 30 is arranged at one end of the cylinder body 20 close to the rotary motor 23, and the annular pipe 32 is communicated with the output end of the hot air blower 31;

[0048] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the first collection assembly 4 includes a collection box 40 arranged on the other sealing cover 203, a first adsorption filter membrane 41 movably clamped inside the collection box 40, and a suction fan 42 arranged on the outer side wall of the collection box 40; the collection box 40 is communicated with the inside of the inner sleeve 21.

[0049] The usage method of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. Put the soil into the inner sleeve 21 through the feeding end cover 200, use the rotary motor 23 to drive the crushing frame 22 to rotate, and continuously stir the soil; at the same time, use the hot air blower 31 to introduce high-temperature hot air into each delivery pipe 30 through the annular pipe 32, and the high-temperature hot air blows into the soil through the air outlet nozzles 300 on the delivery pipes 30 to dry the soil;

[0051] S2. Turn on the suction fan 42 and keep the crushing frame in a rotating state. The large particle microplastics in the soil enter the collection box 40 under the action of the suction fan 42 and are adsorbed and fixed by the first adsorption filter membrane 41;

[0052] S3. Take out the first adsorption filter membrane 41 from the collection box 40, and separate the microplastic particles adsorbed on the first adsorption filter membrane 41; wherein, the first adsorption filter membrane 41 adopts a hollow fiber membrane, and the pore size of the first adsorption filter membrane 41 is 3 mm.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0055] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in , 5 and 7, a filter hole 210 is provided at the lower position of the inner sleeve 21; both sides of the bottom end of the inner sleeve 21 are rotatably clamped with opening plates 24, and both ends of the outer wall of the two opening plates 24 are provided with arc-shaped racks 240; the inside of the cylinder 20 and the positions corresponding to the positions of the two opening plates 24 are rotatably clamped with drive shafts 25, and the two drive shafts 25 are sleeved with drive gears 250 that are meshed and connected with the arc-shaped racks 240 at the corresponding positions, and the ends of the two drive shafts 25 pass through the cylinder 20 and are A connecting sprocket 251 is provided; a reduction motor 26 is provided on the upper end surface of the base 10 and is respectively located below the two connecting sprockets 251, and a main sprocket 260 is provided at the output end of the two reduction motors 26; the two main sprockets 260 are respectively connected to the two connecting sprockets 251 through chains in a one-to-one transmission connection; a second collection component 5 connected to the cylinder 20 is provided on the upper end surface of the base 10; wherein the second collection component 5 adopts the existing technology, for example, it can be a pressurized extraction device in the existing technology.

[0056] In this embodiment:

[0057] The reduction motor 26 is used to drive the driving shaft 25 to rotate, so that the opening plate 24 slides on the inner sleeve 21 and then disengages from the filter hole 210 area on the inner sleeve 21; the soil inside the inner sleeve 21 falls into the second collection component 5 during the rotation of the crushing frame 22; the second collection component 5 is used to extract and separate the microplastic particles in the soil.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0060] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in the figure, the second collection component 5 includes a flotation tank 50 arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body 20, 15 ultrasonic vibration rods 51 evenly distributed inside the flotation tank 50, a filtration tank 52 arranged on the base 10, and a second adsorption filter membrane 53 movably clamped inside the filtration tank 52; a chemical addition pipe 500 and a first drain pipe 501 are arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation tank 50; a vibration seat 510 connected to each ultrasonic vibration rod 51 is arranged at the bottom end of the flotation tank 50, and an ultrasonic generator 511 electrically connected to the vibration seat 510 is arranged on the base 10; a second drain pipe 520 is arranged on the outer side wall of the filtration tank 52; a suction pump 54 is arranged at the top end of the filtration tank 52, the input end of the suction pump 54 is connected with a first conduit 540 penetrating through the flotation tank 50, and the output end of the suction pump 54 is connected with a second conduit 541 penetrating through the filtration tank 52.

[0061] In this embodiment:

[0062] The soil particles fall into the inside of the flotation tank 50 through the filter holes 210 on the inner sleeve 21. First, flotation agents are added into the flotation tank 50 through the chemical addition pipe 500. The ultrasonic generator 511 transmits the electrical signal to the ultrasonic vibration rods 51, and the ultrasonic vibration rods 51 convert the electrical signal into mechanical energy to ultrasonically mix the flotation agents and the soil particles. After the mixed liquid inside the flotation tank 50 is stationary and stratified, the upper non-precipitating layer of the mixed solution is sucked into the filtration tank 52 by the suction pump 54, and the second adsorption filter membrane 53 is used to adsorb and fix the small particle microplastics in the mixed liquid; wherein, the flotation agent adopts an NaCl solution with a volume concentration of 15-25%, and the volume ratio of the flotation agent to the soil particles is 5:1.

[0063] Then, the second adsorption filter membrane 53 is taken out from the inside of the filtration tank 52, and the microplastic particles adsorbed on the second adsorption filter membrane 53 are separated; wherein, the second adsorption filter membrane 53 adopts a hollow fiber membrane, and the pore diameter of the second adsorption filter membrane 53 is 1 mm.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that:

[0066] As Figure 1 、 2 、and as shown in Figure 10, a floating pipe 542 is slidably clamped at the end of the first conduit 540, a floating ball 543 is arranged at the bottom end of the floating pipe 542, and a water inlet hole is arranged through the bottom end of the floating ball 543; an observation window 502 is arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation tank 50 and corresponding to the position of the floating ball 543; a pull-out plate 530 connected to the second adsorption filter membrane 53 is movably inserted on the side wall of the filtration tank 52.

[0067] In this embodiment:

[0068] The floating ball 543 can drive the floating pipe 542 to move with the change of the liquid level height inside the flotation tank 50, so that the non-precipitation layer inside the flotation tank 50 completely enters the inside of the filter tank 52.

[0069] Embodiment 5

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is as follows:

[0071] As Figure 8 、 9 shown, there are 4 docking rods 43 evenly distributed at the connection between the cylinder body 20 and the collection box 40, and clamping seats 430 are arranged at the ends of each docking rod 43; there are mounting holes 400 on the outer side wall of the collection box 40 that can be sleeved outside the clamping seats 430, and arc-shaped sliding grooves 401 are penetrated and arranged at positions corresponding to each mounting hole 400 on the outer side wall of the collection box 40; the clamping seats 430 are slidably clamped outside the docking rods 43, and a compression spring 431 that abuts against the clamping seats 430 is sleeved on the side of the docking rod 43 away from the cylinder body 20.

[0072] In this embodiment:

[0073] When the collection box 40 is connected to the cylinder body 20, align the mounting hole 400 on the collection box 40 with the docking rod 43, and then rotate the collection box 40. At this time, the docking rod 43 slides inside the corresponding arc-shaped sliding groove 401, so that the clamping seat 430 closely adheres to the outer side wall of the collection box 40 under the action of the compression spring 431.

[0074] Embodiment 6

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is as follows:

[0076] As Figure 6 shown, barrier nets 301 are arranged on the inner side wall of the inner sleeve 21 at positions corresponding to the positions of each air outlet nozzle 300.

[0077] Embodiment 7

[0078] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 6 is as follows:

[0079] As Figure 6 shown, crushing teeth 220 are arranged on the side wall of the crushing frame 22.

[0080] It should be noted that the rotating motor 23, reduction motor 26, hot air blower 31, exhaust fan 42, ultrasonic vibration rod 51, ultrasonic generator 511 and suction pump 54 used in the present invention all adopt existing technologies, and are not specially limited herein. Corresponding products can be selected according to actual needs.

Claims

1. An automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples, characterized in that, It includes a support component (1), a pretreatment component (2) arranged on the support component (1), a drying component (3) arranged inside the pretreatment component (2), and a first collection component (4) arranged at the end of the pretreatment component (2); the support component (1) includes a base (10) and a support frame (11) arranged on the upper end face of the base (10); The pretreatment component (2) includes a cylinder body (20) arranged at the top end of the support frame (11), an inner sleeve (21) sleeved inside the cylinder body (20), a crushing frame (22) rotatably clamped inside the inner sleeve (21), and a rotary motor (23) arranged at the end of the cylinder body (20) to provide power for the crushing frame (22); The drying component (3) includes several conveying pipes (30) equidistantly distributed inside the side wall of the inner sleeve (21) and a hot air blower (31) arranged on the upper end face of the base (10); an annular pipe (32) connected to each of the conveying pipes (30) at the same time is arranged at one end of the cylinder body (20) close to the rotary motor (23), and the annular pipe (32) is communicated with the output end of the hot air blower (31); The first collection component (4) includes a collection box (40) arranged at one end of the cylinder body (20) away from the rotary motor (23), a first adsorption filter membrane (41) movably clamped inside the collection box (40), and an exhaust fan (42) arranged on the outer side wall of the collection box (40); the collection box (40) is communicated with the inside of the inner sleeve (21); Filter holes (210) are arranged at a lower position of the inner sleeve (21); opening plates (24) are rotatably clamped at both sides of the bottom end of the inner sleeve (21), and arc-shaped racks (240) are arranged at both ends of the outer side wall of the two opening plates (24); drive shafts (25) are rotatably clamped at positions corresponding to the two opening plates (24) inside the cylinder body (20), drive gears (250) meshed with the arc-shaped racks (240) at corresponding positions are sleeved on the two drive shafts (25), the ends of the two drive shafts (25) penetrate through the cylinder body (20) and connection sprockets (251) are arranged; reduction motors (26) are arranged on the upper end face of the base (10) and respectively below the two connection sprockets (251), and main sprockets (260) are arranged at the output ends of the two reduction motors (26); the two main sprockets (260) and the two connection sprockets (251) are respectively connected by chains in one-to-one correspondence; a second collection component (5) connected to the cylinder body (20) is arranged on the upper end face of the base (10); The second collection component (5) includes a flotation tank (50) arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body (20), several ultrasonic vibration rods (51) evenly distributed inside the flotation tank (50), a filtration tank (52) arranged on the base (10), and a second adsorption filter membrane (53) movably clamped inside the filtration tank (52); a chemical addition pipe (500) and a first drain pipe (501) are arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation tank (50); a vibration seat (510) connected to each of the ultrasonic vibration rods (51) is arranged at the bottom end of the flotation tank (50), and an ultrasonic generator (511) electrically connected to the vibration seat (510) is arranged on the base (10); a second drain pipe (520) is arranged on the outer side wall of the filtration tank (52); a suction pump (54) is arranged at the top end of the filtration tank (52), an input end of the suction pump (54) is connected to a first conduit (540) passing through the flotation tank (50), and an output end of the suction pump (54) is connected to a second conduit (541) passing through the filtration tank (52).

2. The automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, A floating pipe (542) is slidably clamped at the end of the first conduit (540), a floating ball (543) is arranged at the bottom end of the floating pipe (542), and a water inlet hole is arranged through the bottom end of the floating ball (543); an observation window (502) is arranged on the outer side wall of the flotation tank (50) corresponding to the position of the floating ball (543).

3. The automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples according to claim 1, wherein A pull plate (530) connected to the second adsorption filter membrane (53) is movably inserted into the side wall of the filtration tank (52).

4. The automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples according to claim 1, characterized in that Several docking rods (43) are evenly distributed at the connection between the cylinder body (20) and the collection box (40), and a clamping seat (430) is arranged at the end of each docking rod (43); an installation hole (400) capable of sleeving outside the clamping seat (430) is arranged on the outer side wall of the collection box (40), and an arc-shaped sliding groove (401) is arranged through the outer side wall of the collection box (40) at a position corresponding to each installation hole (400).

5. The automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples according to claim 4, wherein, The clamping seat (430) is slidably clamped outside the docking rod (43), and a compression spring (431) abutted against the clamping seat (430) is sleeved on one side of the docking rod (43) away from the cylinder body (20).

6. An automated sampling device for farmland soil microplastic samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder body (20) includes an outer sleeve (202) and sealing covers (203) movably connected to both ends of the outer sleeve (202) respectively; the rotary motor (23) and the collection box (40) are respectively arranged on the two sealing covers (203).

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