A variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment

Abstract

The present invention relates to an explosion impact test device, specifically an explosion pulse load test device with a variable loading rate, comprising a base and a single impact device; the single impact device comprises an explosion power chamber, a fixed tube, a transfer tube, an outlet tube and an impact rod, wherein the fixed tube is located inside the transfer tube, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the fixed tube and the inner wall of the transfer tube; a connecting ring is provided on the outer sleeve of the fixed tube and is fixedly connected to the transfer tube through the connecting ring, the impact rod is placed in the fixed tube, and the explosion power chamber is provided with a variable volume mechanism, and the variable volume mechanism is used to change the volume size of the explosion power chamber. The single impact device of the present invention can adjust the volume size of the explosion power chamber through the variable volume mechanism, thereby realizing a pulse load loading method with a variable loading rate, and in the specific explosion pulse load test process, relevant experimental research on pulse impact can be carried out, which is of great significance to relevant research in the field of protective engineering and disaster prevention and mitigation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to explosion impact test equipment, in particular to explosion pulse load test equipment with variable loading rate. Background Art

[0002] During the service life of buildings (structures), they may be subjected to various external environmental loads, such as structural collapse during demolition blasting operations, strong tamping construction around structures, blasting impact loads, impact loads caused by natural disasters and accidents, etc. These events are often accompanied by pulse-shaped shock waves, such as different sizes of rocks impacting the protective embankment caused by landslides, and different sizes of rocks hitting surrounding structures after the structure collapses during demolition blasting operations, and different sizes of fragments falling and impacting after the superstructure is damaged. Generally speaking, different locations on the same building (structure) have different mechanical responses when subjected to different impact loads. The existing explosion pulse load test equipment cannot realize the test of different impact loads at different locations. Therefore, the development of an explosion pulse load test equipment with a variable loading rate is of great significance to the relevant research in the field of protective engineering and disaster prevention and mitigation. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems raised by the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosion pulse load test equipment with a variable loading rate, which can realize pulse load loading with a variable loading rate and can carry out relevant experimental research on variable pulse impact.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] An explosive pulse load test device with a variable loading rate comprises a base and a single impact device, wherein a specimen placement slot is installed on the base, a mounting plate is provided above the specimen placement slot, and the mounting plate is connected to the base through a supporting column; a transverse slide slot is provided on the mounting plate, and N sliders are installed on the transverse slide slot, N≥2, and a single impact device is installed on each slider;

[0006] The single impact device comprises an explosion power chamber, a fixed tube, a transfer tube, an outlet tube and an impact rod, wherein the outlet tube is fixedly connected to the slider and the outlet at the lower end of the outlet tube is located above the specimen placement slot, the upper end of the outlet tube is connected to the transfer tube via a second flange, and the upper end of the transfer tube is connected to the explosion power chamber via a first flange, the fixed tube is located inside the transfer tube, and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the fixed tube and the inner wall of the transfer tube; a connecting ring is provided on the outer side of the fixed tube and is fixedly connected to the transfer tube via the connecting ring, and the impact rod is placed in the fixed tube; the explosion power chamber is provided with a variable volume mechanism, and the variable volume mechanism is used to change the volume size of the explosion power chamber;

[0007] The explosion power chamber is equipped with a first air intake valve and a second air intake valve, the first air intake valve is connected to a combustible gas source through a gas transmission pipe, and the second air intake valve is connected to the external atmosphere; the explosion power chamber is also provided with a remote ignition electrode;

[0008] The first flange is sealed with a first diaphragm, the second flange is sealed with a second diaphragm, and the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm seal the two ends of the transfer pipe.

[0009] The explosion power chamber is a straight cylindrical cylinder with a closed upper end; the variable volume mechanism is a spiral valve assembly, which includes a wrench, a threaded rod and a flameproof piston. The threaded rod passes through the upper closed surface of the explosion power chamber and is threadedly connected to the upper closed surface of the explosion power chamber. The wrench is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod. The flameproof piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the explosion power chamber, and the flameproof piston is connected to the lower end of the threaded rod through a bearing. The flameproof piston is slidably and sealedly connected to the inner cavity of the explosion power chamber.

[0010] A first sealing ring is provided in the first flange, and the first diaphragm is fixed in the first flange through the first sealing ring; a second sealing ring is provided in the second flange, and the second diaphragm is fixed in the second flange through the second sealing ring; the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are both PVC diaphragms.

[0011] The connecting ring is coaxial with the transfer tube, and a plurality of accelerating holes are evenly distributed on the connecting ring. The accelerating holes are through holes, and the axes of the accelerating holes are parallel to the axis of the connecting ring. The accelerating holes can accelerate the explosion shock wave and the explosion flame.

[0012] The explosion power chamber is also connected with a vacuum pump valve and a pressure gauge valve, wherein the vacuum pump valve is connected with the vacuum pump, and the pressure gauge valve is connected with the pressure gauge.

[0013] The supporting column comprises a vertical slide rail and a vertical slide groove, the vertical slide rail and the vertical slide groove are slidably matched, and the vertical slide rail and the vertical slide groove are fixedly connected by bolts; the vertical slide rail is connected to the base, and the vertical slide groove is connected to the mounting plate.

[0014] The slider is an I-shaped slider, the slider is slidably matched with the transverse slide groove, and the slider and the transverse slide groove are fixedly connected by bolts; the lower end of the outlet pipe passes through the middle of the slider, and the outer wall of the outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0015] The inner wall of the fixed tube and the outer wall of the impact rod are both smooth walls, and the fixed tube and the impact rod are clearance-matched.

[0016] The combustible gas source is a high-pressure methane gas storage cylinder, in which high-purity methane gas with a concentration of 99.9% is stored.

[0017] The overall structure of the present invention is reasonably designed, and the installation, operation and use process are simple and convenient. It has the following technical characteristics and advantages during the explosion pulse load test:

[0018] 1) The single impact device of the present invention can adjust the volume of the explosion power chamber through the spiral valve assembly, thereby realizing a pulse load loading method with a variable loading rate. In the specific explosion pulse load test process, relevant experimental research on pulse impact can be carried out, which is of great significance to relevant research in the field of protection engineering and disaster prevention and mitigation;

[0019] 2) The present invention has a novel structural design. In a specific test process, the explosion energy is used to drive the impact rod to impact the test piece, and the required data of the test piece is collected through experimental testing technology. After one test is completed, the first flange and the second flange can be opened to reinstall the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, the first diaphragm, the second diaphragm and the impact rod to carry out the next set of tests, which can realize a high loading rate test process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the single impact device in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 An exploded view of a single impact device in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first sealing ring in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second sealing ring in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed pipe in the present invention;

[0026] The numbers in the figure are: 1. base, 2. vertical slide rail, 3. vertical slide groove, 4. mounting plate, 5. single impact device, 6. horizontal slide groove, 7. slider, 8. specimen placement groove, 9. gas transmission pipe, 10. combustible gas power source, 11. vacuum pump, 12. vacuum pump valve, 13. pressure gauge, 14. explosion power chamber, 15. wrench, 16. remote ignition electrode, 17. second air intake valve, 18. first air intake valve, 19. first flange, 20. transfer pipe, 21. outlet pipe, 22. second flange, 23. explosion-proof piston, 24. fixing pipe, 25. impact rod, 26. pressure gauge valve, 27. first sealing ring, 28. second sealing ring, 29. first diaphragm, 30. second diaphragm, 31. connecting ring, 32. acceleration hole, 33. threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "left" and "right" used to indicate orientation in this application document are based on the specific structure shown in the drawings and do not constitute a limitation on the structure.

[0028] Example 1: As in the specification of the present invention Figure 1 , Instruction Manual Figure 2 And the instruction manual Figure 3 As shown, an explosion pulse load test equipment with a variable loading rate provided by the present invention mainly includes a base 1 and a single impact device 5, wherein a horizontal specimen placement groove 8 and a vertical slide rail 2 are fixedly installed on the base 1, the specimen placement groove 8 is used to place the specimen, a vertical slide groove 3 is ringed on the vertical slide rail 2, the vertical slide rail 2 and the vertical slide groove 3 are fastened together by bolts, a mounting plate 4 is installed on the upper part of the vertical slide groove 3, and the lower part of the mounting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the vertical slide groove 3, a horizontal slide groove 6 for placing a slider 7 is installed on the mounting plate 4, N sliders 7 are arranged in the horizontal slide groove 6, the slider 7 is an I-shaped slider, the slider 7 can be movably adjusted in the horizontal slide groove 6, and a single impact device 5 for generating an explosion pulse load is installed on the slider 7. It should be noted that a single impact device 5 is fixedly connected to each slider 7, and the single impact device 5 is fixedly installed with the slider 7.

[0029] As the specification of the present invention Figure 2 And the instruction manual Figure 3 As shown, a single impact device 5 for generating an explosive pulse load comprises a vacuum pump 11, a vacuum pump valve 12, a pressure gauge 13, an explosive power chamber 14, a variable capacity mechanism, a remote ignition electrode 16, a second air intake valve 17, a first air intake valve 18, a first flange 19, a transfer pipe 20, an outlet pipe 21, a second flange 22, a flameproof piston 23, a fixed pipe 24, a striker rod 25, a pressure gauge valve 26, a first sealing ring 27, a second sealing ring 28, a first diaphragm 29 and a second diaphragm 30, wherein the outlet pipe 21 passes through the slider 7 and is fixedly connected to the slider 7, the outlet pipe 21 is fastened to the transfer pipe 20 through the second flange 22, a second sealing ring 28 for achieving a sealing effect is installed in the second flange 22, a second diaphragm 30 is clamped in the second sealing ring 28, and the transfer pipe 20 and the fixed pipe 24 are fixedly connected together through a connecting ring 31, as shown in the attached manual. Figure 6 As shown, an acceleration hole 32 is arranged on the connecting ring 31, and the acceleration hole 32 can accelerate the explosion shock wave and the explosion flame. An impact rod 25 for performing the impact operation is arranged in the fixed tube 24, and the inner wall of the fixed tube 24 is in smooth contact with the outer wall of the impact rod 25. The upper part of the transfer tube 20 is fastened to the explosion power chamber 14 through the first flange 19. A first sealing ring 27 mainly used for sealing is arranged in the first flange 19. A first diaphragm 29 is clamped in the first sealing ring 27. The vacuum pump valve 12, the remote ignition electrode 16, the second air intake valve 17, and the first air intake valve 18 are arranged in the first flange 19. The pressure gauge valve 26 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the explosion power chamber 14 through threaded sealing. A pressure gauge 13 for detecting and displaying the pressure in the explosion power chamber 14 is fixedly installed on the pressure gauge valve 26. The vacuum pump valve 12 is connected to the vacuum pump 11 through a connecting pipe. The vacuum pump 11 is used to evacuate the explosion power chamber 14. A variable volume mechanism is arranged on the explosion power chamber 14. The variable volume mechanism is a spiral valve assembly. During the test, the spiral valve assembly can adjust the size of the space in the explosion power chamber 14, so that the present invention can realize a pulse load loading method with a variable loading rate.

[0030] As the specification of the present invention Figure 3 As shown, the spiral valve assembly for adjusting the size of the space in the explosion power chamber 14 includes a wrench 15, a threaded rod 33 and a flameproof piston 23, wherein the upper end closing surface of the explosion power chamber 14 is connected to the threaded rod 33 by threads, the wrench 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod 33, the lower end of the threaded rod 33 is connected to the flameproof piston 23 by a bearing, and the flameproof piston 23 is arranged in the explosion power chamber 14 and is in sliding sealing contact with the inner wall of the explosion power chamber 14 to achieve a sealing effect on the explosion power chamber 14.

[0031] As the specification of the present invention Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 2 As shown, the explosion power chamber 14 is a straight cylindrical cylinder with a closed upper end, and the explosion power chamber 14 is equipped with a first air intake valve 18 and a second air intake valve 17, the first air intake valve 18 is connected to the combustible gas source 10 through a gas transmission pipe 9, and the second air intake valve 17 is connected to the external atmosphere; the combustible gas source 10 is a high-pressure methane gas cylinder, and the high-pressure methane gas cylinder is used to store high-pressure methane gas, and the high-pressure methane gas cylinder is fixedly installed on the base 1.

[0032] The working process of the variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment of the present invention during the specific operation test is as follows:

[0033] First, the operator can tighten and fix the corresponding bolts on the vertical slide rail 2, the vertical slide groove 3, the first flange 19, and the second flange 22, and close the vacuum pump valve 12, the second air inlet valve 17, the first air inlet valve 18, and the pressure gauge valve 26 to ensure the stability and air tightness of the test device; open the pressure gauge valve 26 and the vacuum pump valve 12, and then turn on the vacuum pump 11 to work for five minutes, record the displayed value of the pressure gauge 13, and then close the vacuum pump 11 and the vacuum pump valve 12, and observe the value of the pressure gauge 13. If the value of the pressure gauge 13 does not change significantly within ten minutes, it means that the airtightness of the explosion power chamber 14 is good; if the value of the pressure gauge 13 changes significantly within ten minutes, it is necessary to recheck the airtightness of the explosion power chamber 14;

[0034] When the airtightness of the explosion power chamber 14 is qualified, the Dalton partial pressure method is used for gas distribution. First, the test piece to be tested is placed in the test piece placement groove 8 and fixed. At this time, the vacuum pump 11 and the pressure gauge valve 26 are opened to evacuate the explosion power chamber 14. The vacuum degree in the explosion power chamber 14 is observed through the pressure gauge 13. When the predetermined pressure is reached, the vacuum pump valve 12 is closed first, and then the vacuum pump 11 is closed. Then, the first air inlet valve 18 is opened, and the high-pressure methane gas storage cylinder is opened. The negative pressure in the explosion power chamber 14 and the high pressure of the high-pressure methane gas storage cylinder are used to introduce 99.9% high-purity methane gas into the explosion power chamber 14. The amount of methane gas introduced can be obtained according to the Dalton partial pressure method and is controlled by the vacuum degree displayed by the pressure gauge 13. After the methane configuration is completed, the second air inlet valve 17 is opened to introduce air until the pressure gauge 13 becomes atmospheric pressure. Close the second air inlet valve 17 and the pressure gauge valve 26, and ignite the methane gas in the explosion power chamber 14 through the remote ignition electrode 16. At this time, the explosion shock wave and the explosion flame first break through the first diaphragm 29 and enter the transfer tube 20. The explosion shock wave and the explosion flame entering the transfer tube 20 begin to push the impact rod 25 to move. At the same time, a part of the explosion shock wave and the explosion flame enter the gap between the outer wall of the fixed tube 24 and the inner wall of the transfer tube 20. After passing through the acceleration hole 32 on the connecting ring 31, the speed of the explosion shock wave and the explosion flame increases. The accelerated explosion shock wave and the explosion flame destroy the second diaphragm 30, so as to facilitate the smooth ejection of the impact rod 25. The impact rod 25 is ejected at high speed under the push of the high-pressure explosion shock wave and the explosion flame, and hits the test piece. At this time, the test personnel can collect the required data of the test piece through the test test technology;

[0035] When one test is completed, the first flange 19 and the second flange 22 can be opened and the first sealing ring 27, the second sealing ring 28, the first diaphragm 29, the second diaphragm 30 and the impact rod 25 can be reinstalled to carry out the next set of tests;

[0036] During the test, the tester can twist the wrench 15 according to the required pulse, and the wrench 15 drives the threaded rod 33 to rotate. The rotation of the threaded rod 33 can drive the flameproof piston 23 to move in the explosion power chamber 14, thereby controlling the size of the space in the explosion power chamber 14. The larger the space, the more methane gas loaded, the greater the explosion energy, and the greater the speed of the resulting impact rod 25. The smaller the space, the less methane gas loaded, the smaller the explosion energy, and the smaller the speed of the resulting impact rod 25. The pulse load impact is achieved by controlling the impact speed of different impact rods 25 in multiple single impact devices 5. It should be pointed out that before the test operation, the tester can change the height of the single impact device 5 by changing the position of the bolt connection between the vertical slide rail 2 and the vertical slide groove 3.

[0037] The measurement of relevant test data in the present invention can be achieved by various sensors or by pre-embedded strain gauges in the test piece, which are all existing testing technologies. The Dalton partial pressure method used in the gas distribution of the present invention is also an existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0038] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

[0039] Parts of the present invention not described in detail are prior art.

Claims

1. An explosive pulse load test device with a variable loading rate, comprising a base (1) and a single impact device (5), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a specimen placement groove (8), a mounting plate (4) is provided above the specimen placement groove (8), and the mounting plate (4) is connected to the base (1) via a supporting column; a transverse slide groove (6) is provided on the mounting plate (4), and N sliders (7) are installed on the transverse slide groove (6), N ≥ 2, and a single impact device (5) is installed on each slider (7); the single impact device (5) comprises an explosion power chamber (14), a fixed tube (24), a transfer tube (20), an outlet tube (21) and an impact rod (25), the outlet tube (21) is fixedly connected to the slider (7), and the outlet at the lower end of the outlet tube (21) is located in the specimen placement groove (8). At the top, the upper end of the outlet pipe (21) is connected to the transfer pipe (20) via a second flange (22), and the upper end of the transfer pipe (20) is connected to the explosion power chamber (14) via a first flange (19); the fixed pipe (24) is located inside the transfer pipe (20), and a gap is provided between the outer wall of the fixed pipe (24) and the inner wall of the transfer pipe (20); a connecting ring (31) is provided on the outside of the fixed pipe (24) and is fixedly connected to the transfer pipe (20) via the connecting ring (31), and the impact rod (25) is placed inside the fixed pipe (24); the explosion power chamber (14) is provided with a variable volume mechanism, and the variable volume mechanism is used to change the volume size of the explosion power chamber (14); The explosion power chamber (14) is provided with a first air intake valve (18) and a second air intake valve (17); the first air intake valve (18) is connected to a combustible gas source (10) via a gas transmission pipe (9), and the second air intake valve (17) is connected to the external atmosphere; the explosion power chamber (14) is also provided with a remote ignition electrode (16); A first diaphragm (29) is sealed inside the first flange (19), and a second diaphragm (30) is sealed inside the second flange (22). The first diaphragm (29) and the second diaphragm (30) seal the two ends of the transfer pipe (20). The connecting ring (31) is coaxial with the transfer pipe (20). A plurality of acceleration holes (32) are evenly distributed on the connecting ring (31). The acceleration holes (32) are through holes. The axes of the acceleration holes (32) are parallel to the axes of the connecting ring (31). The acceleration holes (32) can accelerate explosion shock waves and explosion flames.

2. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion power chamber (14) is a straight cylinder with a closed upper end; the variable volume mechanism is a spiral valve assembly, which includes a wrench (15), a threaded rod (33) and a flameproof piston (23); the threaded rod (33) passes through the upper closed surface of the explosion power chamber (14) and is threadedly connected to the upper closed surface of the explosion power chamber (14); the wrench (15) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod (33); the flameproof piston (23) is arranged in the inner cavity of the explosion power chamber (14); the flameproof piston (23) is connected to the lower end of the threaded rod (33) via a bearing; and the flameproof piston (23) is slidably sealed and connected to the inner cavity of the explosion power chamber (14).

3. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (27) is provided in the first flange (19), and the first diaphragm (29) is fixed in the first flange (19) via the first sealing ring (27); a second sealing ring (28) is provided in the second flange (22), and the second diaphragm (30) is fixed in the second flange (22) via the second sealing ring (28); the first diaphragm (29) and the second diaphragm (30) are both PVC diaphragms.

4. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The explosion power chamber (14) is also connected to a vacuum pump valve (12) and a pressure gauge valve (26); the vacuum pump valve (12) is connected to the vacuum pump (11), and the pressure gauge valve (26) is connected to the pressure gauge (13).

5. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The supporting column comprises a vertical slide rail (2) and a vertical slide groove (3), the vertical slide rail (2) and the vertical slide groove (3) are slidably matched, and the vertical slide rail (2) and the vertical slide groove (3) are fixedly connected by bolts; the vertical slide rail (2) is connected to the base (1), and the vertical slide groove (3) is connected to the mounting plate (4).

6. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The slider (7) is an I-shaped slider, the slider (7) is slidably matched with the transverse slide groove (6), and the slider (7) and the transverse slide groove (6) are fixedly connected by bolts; the lower end of the outlet pipe (21) passes through the middle of the slider (7), and the outer wall of the outlet pipe (21) is fixedly connected to the slider (7).

7. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the fixing tube (24) and the outer wall of the impact rod (25) are both smooth surfaces, and the fixing tube (24) and the impact rod (25) are clearance-matched.

8. The variable loading rate explosion pulse load test equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The combustible gas source (10) is a high-pressure methane gas storage cylinder, in which high-purity methane gas with a concentration of 99.9% is stored.

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