Coal mine mining overburden three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring equipment

Abstract

A coal mine mining overburden three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device provided by the present invention comprises a fixed seat, the fixed seat is provided with a base, the lower side of the base is provided with a protection structure and a first monitoring structure, the first monitoring structure comprises a measuring rod, and the measuring rod comprises a first rod body and a plurality of second rod bodies. The protection structure comprises a first protection shell and a second protection shell, the first protection shell corresponds to the measuring rod, the first protection shell is provided with a second monitoring structure, the second monitoring structure corresponds to the second protection shell, one end of the measuring rod is provided with an anchoring head, and the peripheral side of the anchoring head is provided with an auxiliary structure. According to the invention, the lower side of the base is provided with the protection structure and the first monitoring structure, and the first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure can be protected through the protection structure, so that the first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure are prevented from being damaged, the measurement rod is prevented from being bent, and the transverse force can be detected through the second monitoring structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring equipment, and in particular to a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden caused by coal mining. Background Art

[0002] Coal mining will inevitably cause the movement, deformation and fracture of the overburden. Affected by the lithology and fracture characteristics of the overburden, the delamination space, cracks and under-pressure space in the collapse zone formed by the uneven settlement of the overburden are collectively referred to as mining overburden voids, and their size is closely related to the vertical three-zone distribution characteristics of the overburden. The mining overburden voids provide free space for the movement of the rock strata. Under the influence of factors such as the load of ground buildings, groundwater action and mining disturbance, the overburden behind the working face undergoes secondary movement and deformation, which may lead to sudden collapse of the ground, sudden fracture of thick and hard roof, impact ground pressure and other disasters. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the size and distribution of mining overburden voids is a prerequisite and important means for preventing and controlling mine disasters. In addition, grouting filling technology uses the mining overburden voids as gangue storage space. In order to ensure the effect of filling to control the movement of the rock strata, clarify the timing of grouting filling, filling volume and filling layer, it is urgent to carry out research on the distribution characteristics of mining overburden voids.

[0003] Existing rock mass internal displacement monitoring generally adopts multi-point displacement meter for monitoring. Multi-point displacement meter is a kind of monitoring equipment widely used in geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering. It monitors the deformation of slope and the internal displacement of tunnel surrounding rock to predict the occurrence of slope and tunnel disasters. It is also an important means to study the deformation law of slope and rock mass. Generally, multi-point displacement meter is buried by drilling and full-length grouting. The specific operation method is: select the monitoring position for drilling, put the measuring rod into the predetermined position, connect the tail of the measuring rod to the displacement meter and the base, and use the protection tube for protection, and finally perform full-length grouting. However, the full-length grouting method of the multi-point displacement meter will form a continuous anchor body in the hole, interrupting the stratification effect of each structural surface of the rock mass and the bearing arch effect of the rock layer, so that different measuring points are deformed together because of the anchor body, the error is very large, it is difficult to obtain the deformation and displacement at different depths of the rock mass, and it is difficult to achieve the effect of multi-point monitoring. At the same time, the displacement in the measuring hole does not increase in a single linear pattern. Affected by the internal tectonic stress field of the mountain and the dip and trend of the rock strata, the middle section of the measuring hole may be squeezed laterally and cause additional displacement and deformation of the measuring rod. This effect is particularly obvious when the anchoring section is too long or the entire length is anchored, resulting in inaccurate test results.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden rock during coal mining. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mines to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. The present invention can protect the first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure through a protective structure, thereby preventing the first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure from being damaged and preventing the measuring rod from bending, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result, and can detect the lateral force through the second monitoring structure; it can also realize continuous measurement, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result and expanding the scope of application of the device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining, including a fixed seat, a base is installed on the fixed seat, a protective structure and a first monitoring structure are installed on the lower side of the base, the first monitoring structure includes a measuring rod, the measuring rod includes a first rod body and a plurality of second rod bodies, the protective structure includes a first protective shell and a second protective shell, the first protective shell corresponds to the measuring rod, the first protective shell is installed with a second monitoring structure, the second monitoring structure corresponds to the second protective shell, an anchor head is installed at one end of the measuring rod, and an auxiliary structure is installed around the anchor head.

[0007] Furthermore, a through slot is provided in the fixing seat, and the through slot corresponds to the second protective shell.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the first rod body and one end of the second rod body are both fixed with a screw rod, and the other end of the second rod body is provided with a thread groove, and the thread groove corresponds to the screw rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the anchoring head is fixedly connected to the first protective shell, and the auxiliary structure includes a plurality of anchoring rods, and the anchoring rods are fixedly connected to the anchoring head.

[0010] Furthermore, a first plug-in block is fixed to one end of the first protective shell, and a first slot is fixed to the other end of the first protective shell, and the first slot corresponds to the first plug-in block.

[0011] Furthermore, a first fixing bolt is installed between two adjacent first protective shells, the first fixing bolt corresponds to the first insert block, and the first fixing bolt is located at the relatively inner side of the first protective shells.

[0012] Furthermore, a second plug-in block is fixed to one end of the second protective shell, and a second slot is formed at the other end of the second protective shell, and the second slot corresponds to the second plug-in block.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of second fixing bolts are installed between two adjacent second protective shells, the second fixing bolts correspond to the second insert blocks, and the second fixing bolts are located at relatively outer sides of the second protective shells.

[0014] Furthermore, the second monitoring structure includes a detection ring, which corresponds to the first protective shell and the second protective shell. A plurality of grooves are provided on the circumferential side of the detection ring. A slider is slidably fitted in the groove. The slider is in contact with the second protective shell. A spring is fixed in the groove. A pressure sensor is fixed on the slider. The pressure sensor is in contact with the spring.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of balls are rotatably fitted on the detection ring, a motor is fixed on the detection ring, and an output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the balls.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining, comprising a base; a protection structure; a first monitoring structure; a second monitoring structure; a measuring rod; an anchor head; and an auxiliary structure.

[0017] A protective structure and a first monitoring structure are installed on the lower side of the base. The first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure can be protected by the protective structure to prevent the first monitoring structure and the second monitoring structure from being damaged and the measuring rod from bending, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test result. The lateral force can be detected by the second monitoring structure, and an auxiliary structure can be installed on the peripheral side of the anchor head to achieve continuous measurement, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test result and expanding the scope of application of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly three-dimensional structure of a coal mining overburden three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the assembled three-dimensional structure of the second protective housing and the anchor rod in a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly cross-sectional structure of a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram at A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram at B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram at C in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the first protective housing, the second protective housing, and the detection ring in a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a detection ring in a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to the present invention;

[0026] In the figure: 1, fixing seat; 2, base; 3, first protective shell; 4, second protective shell; 5, anchor head; 6, measuring rod; 7, threaded groove; 8, screw; 9, first fixing bolt; 10, second fixing bolt; 11, first slot; 12, second slot; 13, first plug-in block; 14, second plug-in block; 15, anchor rod; 16, detection ring; 17, groove; 18, spring; 19, pressure sensor; 20, motor; 21, ball; 22, first rod body; 23, second rod body; 24, through groove; 25, slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] See also Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining, comprising a fixed seat 1, a base 2 is installed on the fixed seat 1, a protective structure and a first monitoring structure are installed on the lower side of the base 2, the first monitoring structure comprises a measuring rod 6, the measuring rod 6 comprises a first rod body 22 and a plurality of second rod bodies 23, the protective structure comprises a first protective shell 3 and a second protective shell 4, the first protective shell 3 corresponds to the measuring rod 6, the first protective shell 3 is installed with a second monitoring structure, the second monitoring structure corresponds to the second protective shell 4, an anchor head 5 is installed at one end of the measuring rod 6, and an auxiliary structure is installed around the anchor head 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, a through slot 24 is defined in the fixing base 1 , and the through slot 24 corresponds to the second protective shell 4 .

[0030] Specifically, the fixing base 1 is fixed on the ground, and then the second protective shell 4 is inserted into the ground through the through slot 24 to carry out measurement. The measuring rod 6 has the same measuring principle as the measuring rod used in a multi-point displacement meter disclosed in the patent with publication number CN221006210U, and the underground structure can be monitored by the measuring rod 6.

[0031] The double protection of the measuring rod 6 by the first protective shell 3 and the second protective shell 4 can achieve a better protection effect, thereby ensuring the service life of the measuring rod 6 and the accuracy of the monitoring result of the measuring rod 6.

[0032] A screw rod 8 is fixed to one end of the first rod body 22 and one end of the second rod body 23 . A thread groove 7 is formed at the other end of the second rod body 23 . The thread groove 7 corresponds to the screw rod 8 .

[0033] The first rod body 22 and the second rod body 23 can be connected together through the threaded groove 7 and the screw 8, or two adjacent second rod bodies 23 can be connected and fixed together, so that the length of the measuring rod 6 can be extended to facilitate measurement of deeper positions.

[0034] The anchor head 5 is fixedly connected to the first protective shell 3 . The auxiliary structure includes a plurality of anchor rods 15 . The anchor rods 15 are fixedly connected to the anchor head 5 .

[0035] Specifically, the anchor head 5 is fixed with the aid of the anchor rod 15, so that the anchor head 5 can be extended by the anchor rod 15, so that the displacement within the range of the anchor rod 15 can be detected, so that the device will not be restricted by the position of the anchor head 5, so that the device can continuously measure and improve the accuracy of the results.

[0036] A first plug block 13 is fixed to one end of the first protective shell 3, and a first slot 11 is fixed to the other end of the first protective shell 3. The first slot 11 corresponds to the first plug block 13. A first fixing bolt 9 is installed between two adjacent first protective shells 3. The first fixing bolt 9 corresponds to the first plug block 13 and is located on the relative inner side of the first protective shell 3.

[0037] Specifically, when the length of the first protective shell 3 is extended according to the length of the measuring rod 6, multiple first protective shells 3 are arranged in sequence, the first plug block 13 is inserted into the first slot 11, and then the two adjacent first protective shells 3 are fixed by the first fixing bolt 9. The first fixing bolt 9 enters the first plug block 13 to ensure the stability of the first protective shell 3, thereby ensuring the protective effect of the first protective shell 3.

[0038] A second plug block 14 is fixed to one end of the second protective shell 4, and a second slot 12 is opened at the other end of the second protective shell 4, and the second slot 12 corresponds to the second plug block 14. A plurality of second fixing bolts 10 are installed between two adjacent second protective shells 4, and the second fixing bolts 10 correspond to the second plug block 14, and the second fixing bolts 10 are located on the relatively outer side of the second protective shell 4.

[0039] Specifically, when it is necessary to extend the length of the second protective shell 4, the second plug block 14 is inserted into the second slot 12 to connect the two second protective shells 4 together, and the two second protective shells 4 can be fixed by the second fixing bolt 10, and the second fixing bolt 10 enters the second plug block 14 to ensure the protective effect of the second protective shell 4.

[0040] In addition, the first fixing bolt 9 is located on the relatively inner side of the first protective shell 3, and the second fixing bolt 10 is located on the relatively outer side of the second protective shell 4. Neither the first fixing bolt 9 nor the second fixing bolt 10 will limit the sliding of the detection ring 16, thereby ensuring that the detection ring 16 can slide up and down, thereby facilitating the detection of the device.

[0041] The second monitoring structure includes a detection ring 16, which corresponds to the first protective shell 3 and the second protective shell 4. A plurality of grooves 17 are provided on the circumferential side of the detection ring 16. A slider 25 is slidably fitted in the groove 17. The slider 25 is in contact with the second protective shell 4. A spring 18 is fixed in the groove 17. A pressure sensor 19 is fixed on the slider 25. The pressure sensor 19 is in contact with the spring 18. A plurality of balls 21 are rotatably fitted on the detection ring 16. A motor 20 is fixed on the detection ring 16. The output end of the motor 20 is fixedly connected to the ball 21.

[0042] Multiple detection rings 16 can be fixed on the first protective shell 3, and the lateral force can be detected through the detection rings 16. When the second protective shell 4 is bent by pressure, the second protective shell 4 can squeeze the slider 25, so that the slider 25 squeezes the spring 18, thereby increasing the pressure of the spring 18 on the pressure sensor 19. It can be determined through the data of the pressure sensor 19 whether it is subjected to lateral pressure, which can achieve a better detection effect.

[0043] The detection ring 16 can also be slidably connected to the first protective shell 3. At this time, the ball 21 is in contact with the first protective shell 3, and the motor 20 can be used to drive the ball 21 to rotate, so that the ball 21 can move up and down in the first protective shell 3. The entire measuring rod 6 can be detected by a detection ring 16 to prevent the measuring rod 6 from bending, and the degree of bending of the second protective shell 4 can be detected by the pressure change of the pressure sensor 19, thereby achieving a better continuous monitoring effect.

[0044] Workflow: Select a suitable number of measuring rods 6 according to the needs, and then fix the multiple measuring rods 6 through the threaded groove 7 and the screw 8, fix the multiple first protective shells 3 and the multiple second protective shells 4 through the first fixing bolts 9 and the second fixing bolts 10, arrange the multiple first protective shells 3 in sequence, insert the first plug block 13 into the first slot 11, and then fix the two adjacent first protective shells 3 through the first fixing bolts 9, insert the second plug block 14 into the second slot 12, and the two second protective shells 4 can be connected together, and the two second protective shells 4 can be fixed by the second fixing bolts 10, and then the measuring rod 6 is placed in the first protective shell 3, and the fixing seat 1 is fixed. The first protective shell 3 is fixed on the ground, and then the second protective shell 4 is inserted into the ground through the through groove 24. The anchor rod 15 assists the anchor head 5 to be fixed, and then measurement can be carried out. The lateral force can also be measured through the detection ring 16. The motor 20 drives the ball 21 to rotate, so that the ball 21 moves up and down in the first protective shell 3. The entire measuring rod 6 can be detected by a detection ring 16. When the second protective shell 4 is bent by pressure, the second protective shell 4 can squeeze the slider 25, so that the slider 25 squeezes the spring 18, so that the pressure of the spring 18 on the pressure sensor 19 increases, and the data of the pressure sensor 19 can be used to determine whether it is subjected to lateral pressure, thereby achieving a better detection effect.

[0045] A flange is fixed on the anchor rod 15 , and two anchor rods 15 can be fixed together through the flange, thereby extending the length of the anchor rod 15 and expanding the detection range.

[0046] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining, comprising a fixed seat (1), characterized in that: The fixing seat (1) is provided with a base (2), the lower side of the base (2) is provided with a protective structure and a first monitoring structure, the first monitoring structure comprises a measuring rod (6), the measuring rod (6) comprises a first rod body (22) and a plurality of second rod bodies (23), the protective structure comprises a first protective shell (3) and a second protective shell (4), the first protective shell (3) corresponds to the measuring rod (6), the first protective shell (3) is provided with a second monitoring structure, the second monitoring structure corresponds to the second protective shell (4), an anchor head (5) is provided at one end of the measuring rod (6), and an auxiliary structure is provided around the anchor head (5).

2. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: A through slot (24) is provided in the fixing seat (1), and the through slot (24) corresponds to the second protective shell (4).

3. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: A screw rod (8) is fixed to one end of the first rod body (22) and one end of the second rod body (23); a thread groove (7) is provided at the other end of the second rod body (23); the thread groove (7) corresponds to the screw rod (8).

4. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: The anchor head (5) is fixedly connected to the first protective shell (3); the auxiliary structure comprises a plurality of anchor rods (15); and the anchor rods (15) are fixedly connected to the anchor head (5).

5. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: A first plug block (13) is fixed to one end of the first protective shell (3), and a first slot (11) is fixed to the other end of the first protective shell (3), wherein the first slot (11) corresponds to the first plug block (13).

6. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 5 is characterized by: A first fixing bolt (9) is installed between two adjacent first protective shells (3), the first fixing bolt (9) corresponds to the first insert block (13), and the first fixing bolt (9) is located on the relatively inner side of the first protective shells (3).

7. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: A second plug block (14) is fixed to one end of the second protective shell (4), and a second slot (12) is provided at the other end of the second protective shell (4), wherein the second slot (12) corresponds to the second plug block (14).

8. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 7 is characterized by: A plurality of second fixing bolts (10) are installed between two adjacent second protective shells (4), the second fixing bolts (10) correspond to the second insert blocks (14), and the second fixing bolts (10) are located on the relatively outer sides of the second protective shells (4).

9. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second monitoring structure comprises a detection ring (16), the detection ring (16) corresponds to the first protective shell (3) and the second protective shell (4), a plurality of grooves (17) are provided on the circumference of the detection ring (16), a slider (25) is slidably fitted in the groove (17), the slider (25) is in contact with the second protective shell (4), a spring (18) is fixed in the groove (17), a pressure sensor (19) is fixed on the slider (25), and the pressure sensor (19) is in contact with the spring (18).

10. The three-dimensional gap continuous monitoring device for overburden in coal mining according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of balls (21) are rotatably fitted on the detection ring (16), a motor (20) is fixed on the detection ring (16), and an output end of the motor (20) is fixedly connected to the balls (21).

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