A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system and a measurement and control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel concrete quality detection, and specifically refers to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system and a measurement and control method. The system includes a perception measurement unit and a data processor. A plurality of the perception measurement units are arranged at intervals on a concrete support structure to form a measurement surface area unit. The perception measurement unit includes an acoustic wave transceiver for sending and receiving ultrasonic waves to and from the perception measurement units forming the same measurement surface area unit; a time recorder for recording the time information during the measurement process; a first distance sensor for measuring the propagation distance between the acoustic wave transceivers of the perception measurement units forming the same measurement surface area unit; and the data processor is used to calculate the wave velocity based on the propagation time and propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement surface area unit. The system can monitor the density condition of the concrete in real time, which is convenient for timely remedial measures after grouting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel concrete quality detection, and specifically refers to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system and a measurement and control method. Background Art

[0002] During the construction process of the second lining concrete pouring in a tunnel, due to its special arched structure and the influence of templates, steel bars or construction environment, etc., the poured concrete may be not dense. When it is detected that the poured concrete is not dense in the later stage, the tunnel second lining construction operation needs to be repaired twice, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the construction efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system and a measurement method, which can timely detect the situation of non-dense concrete during the pouring process, facilitate timely measures such as vibration and grouting, and solve the problem of secondary repair caused by non-dense concrete in the later stage.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system, which includes,

[0005] A perception measurement unit, a plurality of the perception measurement units are arranged at intervals on the concrete support structure to form a measurement surface area unit. The perception measurement unit includes,

[0006] An acoustic wave transceiver, which is used to send ultrasonic waves to the perception measurement units forming the same measurement surface area unit and receive ultrasonic waves;

[0007] A time recorder, which is used to record the time information during the measurement process. The time information includes the sound emission time when the acoustic wave transceiver emits ultrasonic waves and the sound reception time when it receives ultrasonic waves;

[0008] A first distance sensor, which is arranged on the acoustic wave transceiver and is used to measure the wave propagation distance between the acoustic wave transceivers of the perception measurement units forming the same measurement surface area unit;

[0009] A data processor, which is communicatively connected with the perception measurement unit and is used to calculate the wave velocity according to the wave propagation time and the wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to judge the density situation of the measurement surface area unit; the wave propagation time refers to the difference between the sound emission time and the sound reception time of the same ultrasonic wave.

[0010] Further, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the density situation includes qualified and unqualified; when the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement surface area unit are within the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold to the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the data processor judges that the concrete density of the measurement surface area unit is qualified.

[0011] Further, it further includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display component; the sensing and measuring unit further includes a locator; the analog-to-digital converter is used to establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information of the locators of multiple sensing and measuring units; a display unit is correspondingly provided on the three-dimensional data model for the measurement surface area unit; the analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to correspondingly display the density condition of the measurement surface area unit; the display component is used to display the three-dimensional data model.

[0012] Further, the analog-to-digital converter controls different colors to be displayed at corresponding positions of the three-dimensional data model according to the density condition of the measurement surface area unit.

[0013] Further, multiple sensing and measuring units are arranged in a rectangular or regular polygon layout to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into multiple measurement surface area units.

[0014] Further, the sensing and measuring unit further includes a second distance sensor, and the second distance sensor is used to measure the vertical distance from the concrete surface to the concrete support structure; the data processor can calculate the volume of the measurement surface area unit according to the vertical distance and the wave propagation distance between multiple sensing and measuring units, calculate the sum of the volumes of all measurement surface area units as an approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to judge the pouring situation of the volume.

[0015] Further, the sensing and measuring unit further includes a status identification component, and the status identification component is used to automatically display different status identifications corresponding to the density condition of the measurement surface area unit.

[0016] Further, the status identification component includes a signal lamp component, and the status identification includes different light colors displayed by the signal lamp component corresponding to the density condition of the measurement surface area unit.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring. Using the concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system provided by the present invention, the measurement and control method includes,

[0018] Arrange multiple sensing and measuring units at set positions to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into a grid of multiple measurement surface area units; multiple sensing and measuring units forming a measurement surface area unit are a measurement group;

[0019] Measure multiple wave propagation distances between the acoustic wave transceivers of each measurement group;

[0020] Send ultrasonic waves between the sensing and measuring units of each measurement group so that ultrasonic waves are transmitted between any two sensing and measuring units within the group, and record the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave;

[0021] Calculate the wave velocity based on the wave propagation time and distance of the same ultrasonic wave;

[0022] Compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group; the density condition includes qualified and unqualified.

[0023] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, arranging a plurality of sensing measurement units at set positions includes arranging a plurality of sensing measurement units in a matrix to form a plurality of rectangular measurement surface area units, and adjacent measurement surface area units share some sensing measurement units.

[0024] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset lower wave velocity threshold and a preset upper wave velocity threshold greater than the preset lower wave velocity threshold; comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group includes,

[0025] When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are between the preset lower wave velocity threshold and the preset upper wave velocity threshold, it is determined that the measurement surface area unit in the measurement group is qualified.

[0026] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold to determine the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group includes,

[0027] When any wave velocity in the same measurement group is less than the preset lower wave velocity threshold or greater than the preset upper wave velocity threshold, it is determined that the measurement surface area unit where the sensing measurement unit for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves is located is unqualified.

[0028] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, it further includes corresponding status indicators for displaying the density condition of the measurement surface area unit on each sensing measurement unit of the measurement group; the status indicators include a qualified color indicator and an unqualified color indicator corresponding to qualified and unqualified density respectively.

[0029] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, it further includes measuring the vertical distance from the surface of the concrete area to be measured to the concrete support structure, obtaining the volume of the measurement surface area unit based on the vertical distance and a plurality of wave propagation distances, calculating the sum of the volumes of all measurement surface area units as an approximate pouring volume, and comparing the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume is over or under.

[0030] According to a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, it further includes collecting the positioning information of a plurality of sensing measurement units, establishing a three-dimensional data model of the concrete area to be measured based on the positioning information of the plurality of sensing measurement units, each measurement surface area unit corresponds to a display unit in the three-dimensional data model, and displaying the density condition of the measurement surface area unit on the display unit of the three-dimensional data model.

[0031] A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring according to the present invention further includes converting the ultrasonic signal received by the acoustic wave transceiver into a waveform diagram and measuring the wavelength, and judging the density of the measurement surface area unit according to the relationship between the wavelength and the preset wavelength threshold when the wave speed meets the preset wave speed threshold range.

[0032] A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring according to the present invention, the preset wavelength threshold includes a preset wavelength lower limit threshold and a preset wavelength upper limit threshold greater than the preset wavelength lower limit threshold; the judging the density of the measurement surface area unit according to the relationship between the wavelength and the preset wavelength threshold includes,

[0033] When the wave speed is between the preset wave speed lower limit threshold and the preset wave speed upper limit threshold, if the wavelength is between the preset wavelength lower limit threshold and the preset wavelength upper limit threshold, it is judged that the ultrasonic wave of the wavelength is qualified; when all the ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are qualified, it is judged that the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group is qualified; otherwise, it is judged as unqualified.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: 1. Multiple sensing measurement units are arranged at intervals to divide the concrete surface area to be measured into multiple measurement surface area units. The propagation distance between the acoustic wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement surface area is measured by the first distance sensor. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, the acoustic wave transceivers of different sensing measurement units emit and receive acoustic waves in time, and the sound emission time and the sound reception time are recorded by the time recorder. The data processor can calculate the wave speed of the acoustic wave according to the propagation distance and the propagation time. Based on the different wave propagation speeds of the acoustic wave in the case of dense concrete and more voids, the density of the concrete can be judged by comparing the wave speed with the preset wave speed threshold; this sensing system can monitor the density of the concrete pouring in real time, which is convenient for timely replenishing and vibrating the sensing measurement units with non-dense concrete, and avoiding secondary repair due to unqualified density measured after the concrete is solidified;

[0035] 2. The preset wave speed threshold is a range value. Since the ultrasonic wave propagates at different speeds in concrete of different strength levels, the preset wave speed lower limit threshold and the preset wave speed upper limit threshold range are set, and the comparison with the calculated wave speed is applicable to the quality detection of concrete of various strength levels;

[0036] 3. The positioning information of the sensing measurement unit can be detected by the locator. The analog-to-digital converter can establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information, and the measurement surface area unit is correspondingly displayed on the three-dimensional data model. The three-dimensional data model can be displayed through the display component, which is convenient for intuitively observing the overall density of the concrete surface area to be measured;

[0037] 4. The vertical distance between the surface of the concrete to be poured and the concrete support structure can be measured by the second distance sensor. This vertical distance is the storey height of the rectangular measurement area unit. The sum of the volumes of all measurement area units can be calculated as the approximate volume of the actually poured concrete. By comparing with the preset pouring volume, it can be judged whether there is over-pouring or under-pouring, etc.;

[0038] 5. The status identification component can automatically display different status identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit, which is convenient for construction workers to find the corresponding measurement area unit for repair on the construction site;

[0039] 6. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention makes full use of the structural characteristics of the concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system provided by the present invention. The concrete surface to be measured is divided into multiple measurement area units. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, the wave velocity is calculated in time by measuring the wave propagation distance and wave propagation time of the sound wave. Based on the fact that the wave propagation velocity of the sound wave is different in concrete with different densities, by comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold, the density of the concrete in each measurement area unit can be judged; The operation method is simple, the density of the concrete can be monitored in real time, and it is convenient for timely remedy;

[0040] 7. The logic for judging whether the measurement area unit is qualified in the present invention is simple. The preset wave velocity threshold is a range value. Since the sound wave propagates at different speeds in concrete with different strengths, the greater the concrete strength, the faster the wave propagation speed. By using the preset lower wave velocity threshold and preset upper wave velocity threshold as a range to compare the wave velocity, it is suitable for measuring concrete with various strengths;

[0041] 8. When any wave velocity in the measurement group is not within the range of the two end values, it is judged that the measurement area unit is unqualified, which ensures the judgment of the density quality of the concrete and is convenient for construction workers to take remedial measures in time;

[0042] 9. By displaying the status identification on the perception measurement unit, it is convenient for construction workers to quickly find the measurement area unit with unqualified density and take remedial measures in time, avoiding misfinding the measurement area unit that needs to be remedied;

[0043] 10. The measurement and control method of the present invention can measure whether the approximate pouring volume, which is not much different from the actual pouring volume, is over-poured or under-poured. By measuring the vertical distance and wave propagation distance between the concrete surface and the initial support surface of the tunnel, the approximate pouring volume of the actual pouring volume of the concrete surface to be measured can be measured. By comparing with the preset pouring volume, it can be judged whether the pouring volume is over-poured or under-poured, which is convenient for the staff to adjust the pouring formwork in time to make the approximate pouring volume meet the requirements.

[0044] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system provided by the present invention can monitor the density of concrete in real time. A plurality of perception measurement units are arranged on a concrete support mechanism at set positions, dividing the concrete surface area to be measured into a plurality of measurement surface area units that are approximately planar. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, sound waves are emitted and received in a timely manner through the perception measurement units, and the wave speed of the sound waves is calculated by measuring the wave propagation distance and wave propagation time. By comparing the relationship between the wave speed and a preset wave speed threshold, the density of the concrete in the measurement surface area unit is judged, facilitating timely taking of remedial measures such as grouting and vibration for concrete with low density, and solving the problem of secondary repair in the later stage due to non-dense concrete. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the spaced arrangement of the perception measurement units of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of a plurality of perception measurement units enclosing a measurement surface area unit;

[0047] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the range of the preset wave speed threshold;

[0048] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the flow of the measurement and control method;

[0049] Wherein: 1 - perception measurement unit; 11 - measurement surface area unit; 2 - tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] The present invention relates to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system, which can be used for the quality inspection of concrete pouring in tunnels 2, and can monitor the density of concrete in real time. A plurality of sensing and measuring units 1 are arranged at set positions on the concrete support mechanism to divide the to-be-measured concrete surface area into a plurality of measurement surface area units 11 that are approximately planar. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, the ultrasonic waves are timely transmitted and received through the sensing and measuring units 1, and the wave velocity of the ultrasonic waves is calculated by measuring the wave propagation distance and wave propagation time of the ultrasonic waves. By comparing the relationship between the wave velocity and the preset wave velocity threshold, the density of the concrete in the measurement surface area unit 11 is judged, so as to facilitate taking remedial measures such as replenishing slurry and vibrating in time for the concrete with low density, and solve the problem of secondary repair in the later stage caused by non-dense concrete.

[0055] A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system, specifically, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a sensing measurement unit 1 and a data processor. A plurality of the sensing measurement units 1 are arranged at intervals on the concrete support structure to enclose a measurement area unit 11. The plurality of the sensing measurement units 1 can be arranged at intervals so that the concrete area to be measured is divided into a plurality of measurement area units 11 in a grid pattern. A plurality of the sensing measurement units 1 forming a measurement area unit 11 are a measurement group. The sensing measurement unit 1 includes an acoustic wave transceiver, a time recorder, and a first distance sensor. The acoustic wave transceiver is used to send ultrasonic waves to the sensing measurement units 1 forming the same measurement area unit 11 and receive ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic waves are also referred to as acoustic waves hereinafter). The time recorder is used to record the time information during the measurement process. The time information includes the sound emission time when the acoustic wave transceiver emits ultrasonic waves and the sound reception time when it receives ultrasonic waves. The first distance sensor is arranged on the acoustic wave transceiver and is used to measure the wave propagation distance between the acoustic wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units 1 forming the same measurement area unit 11. The data processor is communicatively connected to the sensing measurement unit 1. A Bluetooth module can be added to the sensing measurement unit 1, and the data processor is Bluetooth-connected to the sensing measurement unit 1. It is used to calculate the wave speed based on the wave propagation time and wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the size relationship between the wave speed and a preset wave speed threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement area unit 11. The wave propagation time refers to the difference between the sound emission time and the sound reception time of the same ultrasonic wave. The wave propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete with different densities is different. When ultrasonic waves propagate in concrete and encounter defects such as cavities, cracks, and agglomerations, the acoustic waves diffract, resulting in an increase in the sound path (propagation path). When the wave propagation distance is certain, the wave speed decreases. By comparing the wave speed and the preset wave speed threshold, the density condition of the concrete can be judged.

[0056] When actually arranging the sensing measurement unit 1, after the secondary lining trolley in the tunnel 2 is assembled, positioned, and fixed, measure the length of the tunnel 2 and the length of the cross-section of the tunnel 2 (including the arc length of the arch curve and twice the height of the lower rectangle of the tunnel 2. When the tunnel 2 is a full arc, it is the arc length). Make a tape measure mark on the tunnel 2 length and the cross-section of the tunnel 2 according to the designed grid size. At the corresponding tape measure marks, use a tape measure to divide the concrete area to be measured (the inner formwork of the trolley) into a plurality of nearly flat rectangular grids (as Figure 1 shown). The grid size is determined according to the actual situation such as the length of the tunnel 2 and the curvature of the curved surface (for example, 3m*3m / 3m*5m). The sizes of multiple grids can be different. The corner points of each rectangular grid divided by the tape measure are marked as installation points. An adsorption device (such as a suction cup) is provided on the side of the sensing measurement unit 1 close to the primary support surface of the tunnel 2. Gradually adsorb a plurality of the sensing measurement units 1 at the installation points to complete the arrangement.

[0057] In a certain embodiment, the preset wave velocity threshold is a range value, that is, the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold, and the sound wave velocity is qualified between the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold; the wave velocity is less than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and or greater than the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, which is a wave velocity abnormality, and the data processor can determine that the concrete density of the measurement area unit 11 is unqualified, that is, the measurement area unit 11 is unqualified. The propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete of different levels of strength is different, and the propagation speed in concrete of different consolidation degrees is also different. The preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold are set according to the actual situation of the corresponding concrete strength.

[0058] Based on the preset wave velocity threshold as the range value, the measurement and control system also includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display component; the perception and measurement unit 1 also includes a locator, which is used to transmit the spatial positioning information of the perception and measurement unit 1; the analog-to-digital converter is communicatively connected to the perception and measurement unit 1, and can establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete surface area to be measured according to the positioning information of the locators of multiple perception and measurement units 1, and the measurement surface area unit 11 is correspondingly provided with a display unit on the three-dimensional data model; the analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to display the density of the measurement surface area unit 11; the display component is used to display the three-dimensional data model, so as to facilitate intuitive understanding of the overall density of the concrete surface area to be measured.

[0059] Based on the perception, the measurement unit 1 also includes a locator, and the analog-to-digital converter is also used to adjust the display unit corresponding to the three-dimensional data model to display different colors according to the density of the measurement surface area unit 11. The density of the measurement surface area unit 11 is displayed in different colors at the corresponding position of the three-dimensional data model, which can highlight the measurement surface area unit 11 with poor density for easy observation.

[0060] In some embodiments, the sensing measurement unit 1 further includes a second distance sensor, which is used to measure the vertical distance from the surface of the concrete (the surface of the concrete area to be measured) to the concrete support structure. During actual use, the vertical distance from the initial support surface of the tunnel 2 to the secondary lining formwork is measured. The data processor can calculate the volume of the measurement area unit 11 based on the vertical distance and the propagation distance between multiple sensing measurement units 1, calculate the sum of the volumes of all measurement area units 11 as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine the pouring situation of the volume. Specifically, the average value of multiple vertical distances of the same measurement area unit 11 is used as the height of the concrete layer of the measurement area unit 11. For an irregularly shaped measurement area unit 11, the single measurement area unit 11 can be decomposed into multiple triangles. The three sides of the triangle are the corresponding propagation distances. Using Heron's formula, the area of the triangle can be obtained, and then the area of the single measurement area unit 11 can be obtained. The product of the area and the height gives the volume of the measurement area unit 11. Furthermore, the sum of the volumes of all measurement area units 11 is used as the volume of the concrete area to be measured. The volume of the concrete area to be measured is used as the approximate pouring volume similar to the actual pouring volume of the concrete and compared with the preset pouring volume, so as to know whether the concrete is over-poured or under-poured according to the current formwork.

[0061] In one embodiment, multiple sensing measurement units 1 are arranged at intervals to divide the concrete area to be measured into a plurality of rectangular or regular polygon measurement area units 11 in a grid pattern. Their fixed positions are convenient to determine, and they are easier to install compared to other special-shaped structures. By reasonably designing the length and width of the rectangle, the arched tunnel 2 can be divided into multiple measurement area units 11 with approximate planes. At the same time, it is convenient to calculate the volume of the measurement area unit 11 and then obtain the volume of the concrete area to be measured, which is convenient to compare with the preset pouring volume to determine whether it is over-poured or under-poured.

[0062] In some embodiments, the sensing measurement unit 1 further includes a status identification component, which is used to automatically display different status identifications according to the density of the measurement area unit 11. In a specific solution, the status identification component includes a signal lamp component, and the signal lamp component displays different light colors according to the density of the measurement area unit 11, that is, the status identification includes a qualified color identification and an unqualified color identification corresponding to qualified and unqualified densities respectively. The signal lamp component includes a connection signal lamp, a power signal lamp, and a density signal lamp. The connection signal lamp is used to feedback the status when the sensing measurement unit 1 is connected to the data processor; the power signal lamp is used to feedback the power signal of the sensing measurement unit 1; the density signal lamp is used to feedback the unqualified information of the sound wave emitted or received by the sensing measurement unit 1, which is convenient for the staff to find the corresponding measurement area unit 11 for measures such as grouting and vibrating.

[0063] In actual use, a plurality of sensing measurement units 1 are arranged in a matrix and fixed on the concrete support structure of the tunnel 2 to form a plurality of rectangular measurement area units 11. The spacing of the matrix is reasonably set so that the measurement area units 11 are approximately planar on the arched tunnel 2. The data processor and the analog-to-digital converter are integrated into one body, and are connected to the sensing measurement unit 1 through Bluetooth. The Bluetooth connection status is fed back through the signal lamp assembly. The vertical distance from the surface of the concrete area to be measured (the secondary lining area of the tunnel 2) to the concrete support structure is measured by the second distance sensor. The wave transmission distance between the acoustic wave transceivers in each measurement group is measured by the first distance sensor. After pouring and vibrating the concrete, the sensing measurement units 1 in each measurement group send acoustic waves to the group non-simultaneously. The time recorder records the sound emission time and the sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave. The sensing measurement units 1 of multiple measurement groups can send ultrasonic waves simultaneously in the same direction. The data processor calculates the wave speed according to the wave transmission distance and the wave transmission time, and compares the wave speed with the preset wave speed threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement area unit 11. The analog-to-digital converter establishes a three-dimensional data model with the positioning information of the sensing measurement unit 1, and establishes a display unit corresponding to the measurement area unit 11. The three-dimensional data model is displayed through the display assembly. The density conditions of the corresponding measurement area units 11 are displayed in different colors on the display unit. For example, green indicates that the density is qualified, and red indicates that the density is unqualified.

[0064] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring. By using the sensing system for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring provided by the present invention, the measurement and control method includes,

[0065] S1. Arrange a plurality of sensing measurement units 1 at set positions to divide the concrete area to be measured into a grid of a plurality of measurement area units 11; the plurality of sensing measurement units 1 forming one measurement area unit 11 are one measurement group;

[0066] S2. Measure the multiple wave transmission distances between the acoustic wave transceivers in each measurement group; this step can be completed before pouring the concrete to avoid the influence of the concrete on the measurement of the first distance sensor;

[0067] S3. The sensing measurement units 1 in each measurement group send ultrasonic waves so that there is ultrasonic wave transmission between any two sensing measurement units 1 in the group, and record the sound emission time and the sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave; the plurality of sensing measurement units 1 in the group send ultrasonic waves to the group non-simultaneously to avoid interference between multiple ultrasonic waves caused by the simultaneous sending of ultrasonic waves by the plurality of sensing measurement units 1 in the group, which affects the transmission of ultrasonic waves;

[0068] S4. Calculate the wave speed according to the wave transmission time and the wave transmission distance of the same ultrasonic wave; the wave transmission time is the difference between the sound emission time and the sound reception time of the same ultrasonic wave;

[0069] S5. Compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold value to determine the density condition of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group; the density condition includes qualified and unqualified.

[0070] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S5, the preset wave velocity threshold value includes a preset lower wave velocity threshold value and a preset upper wave velocity threshold value greater than the preset lower wave velocity threshold value; comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold value to determine the density condition of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group includes,

[0071] S51. When the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement group are between the preset lower wave velocity threshold value and the preset upper wave velocity threshold value, it is determined that the measurement area unit 11 in the measurement group is qualified. The propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in concrete with different strength levels is different. When the wave velocity is about 4000 m / s, it indicates that the density of the concrete is better; in a specific solution, the preset lower wave velocity threshold value is 2500 m / s, the preset upper wave velocity threshold value is 5000 m / s, and when the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the measurement group are between 2500 - 5000 m / s, it is determined that the density of the concrete in the measurement area unit 11 is qualified.

[0072] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S5, comparing the wave velocity with the preset wave velocity threshold value to determine the density condition of the measurement area unit 11 of the measurement group further includes,

[0073] S52. When any wave velocity in the same measurement group is less than the preset lower wave velocity threshold value or greater than the preset upper wave velocity threshold value, it is determined that the measurement area unit 11 where the sensing measurement unit 1 for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves is located is unqualified.

[0074] The sensing measurement units 1 at both ends of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic waves are not limited to being in one measurement area unit 11. For example, adjacent measurement area units 11 share at least two sensing measurement units 1. The shared sensing measurement unit 1 is simultaneously in two measurement groups, that is, it participates in forming two adjacent measurement area units 11, and it is determined that both measurement area units 11 are unqualified.

[0075] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, it further includes,

[0076] S6. Correspondingly display a status identifier indicating the density condition of the measurement area unit 11 on each sensing measurement unit 1 of the measurement group; the status identifier includes a qualified color identifier and an unqualified color identifier corresponding to qualified and unqualified density respectively.

[0077] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, it further includes,

[0078] S7. Measure the vertical distance from the surface of the concrete area to be measured to the concrete support structure. Based on the vertical distance and multiple wave transmission distances, obtain the volume of the measurement area unit 11, calculate the sum of the volumes of all measurement area units 11 as the approximate pouring volume, and compare the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to determine whether the pouring volume is excessive or insufficient.

[0079] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, it further includes

[0080] S8. Collect the positioning information of multiple sensing measurement units 1, establish a three-dimensional data model of the concrete area to be measured based on the positioning information of the multiple sensing measurement units 1, and each measurement area unit 11 corresponds to a display unit in the three-dimensional data model. Display the density condition of the measurement area unit 11 on the display unit of the three-dimensional data model.

[0081] According to a concrete pouring quality measurement and control method provided by the present invention, in step S1, the arranging the multiple sensing measurement units 1 at set positions includes arranging the multiple sensing measurement units 1 in a matrix to form multiple rectangular measurement area units 11, and adjacent measurement area units 11 share at least two sensing measurement units 1.

[0082] During actual detection, arrange the multiple sensing measurement units 1 in a matrix to divide the concrete area to be measured into a grid of multiple approximately planar rectangular measurement area units 11. Before pouring concrete, measure the multiple wave transmission distances between the acoustic wave transceivers of each measurement group and the vertical distance from the concrete surface to the primary support surface of the tunnel 2. After the concrete is poured and vibrated, make the sensing measurement units 1 in each measurement group send acoustic waves to the inside of the group non-simultaneously, record the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave to calculate the wave transmission time. The sensing measurement units 1 of multiple measurement groups can send ultrasonic waves simultaneously in the same direction. Calculate the wave speed based on the wave transmission distance and the wave transmission time. When all wave speeds in the measurement group are between 2500 - 5000 m / s, it is determined that the density of the concrete in the measurement area unit 11 is qualified; when there is any wave speed in the measurement group less than 2500 m / s or greater than 5000 m / s, it is determined that the measurement area unit 11 of this group is unqualified; when the measurement area unit 11 is qualified, display green on the corresponding display unit of the three-dimensional data model, and the signal lamp assembly of the sensing measurement unit 1 displays green as a qualified color identification; when the measurement area unit 11 is unqualified, display red on the corresponding display unit of the three-dimensional data model, and the signal lamp assembly of the sensing measurement unit 1 displays red as an unqualified color identification, which is convenient for construction personnel to quickly and accurately find the measurement area units 11 with unqualified concrete density and take remedial measures such as grouting and vibration in time.

[0083] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system, characterized in that: including a sensing measurement unit, and a plurality of the sensing measurement units are arranged at intervals on a concrete support structure to divide a to-be-measured concrete area into a plurality of measurement area units in a grid shape. The sensing measurement unit includes an acoustic wave transceiver, which is configured to send ultrasonic waves to and receive ultrasonic waves from the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement area unit; a time recorder, which is configured to record the time information during the measurement process. The time information includes the sound-emitting time when the acoustic wave transceiver emits ultrasonic waves and the sound-receiving time when it receives ultrasonic waves; a first distance sensor, which is arranged on the acoustic wave transceiver and is configured to measure the wave propagation distance between the acoustic wave transceivers of the sensing measurement units forming the same measurement area unit; a data processor, which is communicatively connected to the sensing measurement unit and is configured to calculate the wave velocity based on the wave propagation time and the wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave, and compare the wave velocity with a preset wave velocity threshold to judge the compactness of the measurement area unit; the wave propagation time refers to the difference between the sound-emitting time and the sound-receiving time of the same ultrasonic wave; the sensing measurement unit transmits and receives ultrasonic waves after the concrete is vibrated during pouring, and measures the ultrasonic wave propagation distance and the wave propagation time; a plurality of sensing measurement units forming a measurement area unit form a measurement group; the sensing measurement units in each measurement group transmit ultrasonic waves to ensure that ultrasonic waves are transmitted between any two sensing measurement units in the group; the sensing measurement unit further includes a second distance sensor, which is configured to measure the vertical distance from the concrete surface to the concrete support structure; the data processor calculates the volume of the measurement area unit based on the vertical distance and the wave propagation distance between a plurality of sensing measurement units, calculates the sum of the volumes of all measurement area units as an approximate pouring volume, and compares the approximate pouring volume with a preset pouring volume to judge the pouring situation of the volume; 2. The concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preset wave velocity threshold includes a preset wave velocity lower limit threshold and a preset wave velocity upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold; the compactness situation includes qualified and unqualified; when the wave velocities of all ultrasonic waves in the same measurement area unit are within the preset wave velocity lower limit threshold to the preset wave velocity upper limit threshold, the data processor judges that the concrete compactness of the measurement area unit is qualified.

3. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes an analog-to-digital converter and a display component; the sensing measurement unit further includes a locator; the analog-to-digital converter is configured to establish a three-dimensional data model of the to-be-measured concrete area based on the positioning information of the locators of a plurality of sensing measurement units; a display unit is correspondingly provided on the three-dimensional data model for the measurement area unit; the analog-to-digital converter controls the display unit to correspondingly display the compactness situation of the measurement area unit; the display component is configured to display the three-dimensional data model.

4. A concrete pouring quality measurement and control perception system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the sensing measurement unit further includes a status identification component, which is configured to correspondingly display different status identifications according to the compactness situation of the measurement area unit.

5. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring, characterized in that: Using the concrete pouring quality measurement and control sensing system according to any one of claims 1-4, the measurement and control method includes arranging a plurality of sensing measurement units at set positions to divide the to-be-measured concrete area into a plurality of measurement area units in a grid shape; a plurality of sensing measurement units forming a measurement area unit form a measurement group; Measure multiple wave propagation distances between acoustic transceivers of each measurement group; Send ultrasonic waves between the sensing measurement units of each measurement group so that ultrasonic waves are transmitted between any two sensing measurement units within the group, and record the sound emission time and sound reception time of each ultrasonic wave; Calculate the wave speed based on the wave propagation time and wave propagation distance of the same ultrasonic wave; Compare the wave speed with a preset wave speed threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group; the density condition includes qualified and unqualified.

6. The concrete pouring quality measurement and control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preset wave speed threshold includes a preset wave speed lower limit threshold and a preset wave speed upper limit threshold greater than the preset wave speed lower limit threshold; The comparing the wave speed with the preset wave speed threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group, includes, When the wave speeds of all ultrasonic waves within the same measurement group are between the preset wave speed lower limit threshold and the preset wave speed upper limit threshold, it is judged that the measurement surface area unit within the measurement group is qualified.

7. The concrete pouring quality measurement and control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The comparing the wave speed with the preset wave speed threshold to judge the density condition of the measurement surface area unit of the measurement group further includes, When any wave speed within the measurement group is less than the preset wave speed lower limit threshold or greater than the preset wave speed upper limit threshold, it is judged that the measurement surface area unit where the sensing measurement unit that emits and receives ultrasonic waves is unqualified.

8. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes displaying a status identifier of the density condition of the measurement surface area unit on each sensing measurement unit of the measurement group; the status identifier includes a qualified color identifier and an unqualified color identifier corresponding to qualified and unqualified density respectively.

9. A method for measuring and controlling the quality of concrete pouring according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes measuring the vertical distance from the surface of the concrete surface area to be measured to the concrete support structure, obtaining the volume of the measurement surface area unit based on the vertical distance and multiple wave propagation distances, calculating the sum of the volumes of all measurement surface area units as the approximate pouring volume, and comparing the approximate pouring volume with the preset pouring volume to judge whether the pouring volume is over or less.

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