Gas sampling and quantifying module and sampling system and method for reactor building atmosphere

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas sampling and quantifying module and a sampling system and method for reactor building atmosphere. Wherein the gas sampling and quantifying module comprises at least one quantifying ring for quantitatively sampling a sample gas; the multi-way valve comprises a gas inlet end, a gas outlet end and at least one quantitative loop connecting end group, and each quantitative loop connecting end group comprises a quantitative loop first connecting end, a quantitative loop second connecting end, a dilution unit connecting end and a sampling unit connecting end; wherein in a sample injection mode, the gas inlet end, the quantitative loop first connecting end, the quantitative loop, the quantitative loop second connecting end and the gas outlet end are connected in sequence; and / or in a quantitative mode, the dilution unit connecting end, the quantitative loop first connecting end, the quantitative loop, the quantitative loop second connecting end and the sampling unit connecting end are sequentially connected in series. By means of the scheme, quantitative sampling of airborne radioactive substances in the atmosphere in a reactor building is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of accident and post-accident nuclear power plant atmosphere sampling, and in particular to a gas sampling and quantitative module, and a reactor plant atmosphere sampling system and method. Background Art

[0002] When a design basis accident (such as a large break loss of coolant) or a severe accident (core damage) occurs in a nuclear power plant, a large amount of radioactive material is released into the reactor building in the form of gas and liquid. Gaseous radioactive material diffuses in the atmosphere of the reactor building, and liquid radioactive material flows into the pit and is collected. In order to accurately assess the severity of the nuclear accident in the reactor building, it can be directly characterized by the measurement data of the on-site temperature, humidity, pressure and radiation monitoring instruments in the reactor building, or by sampling the atmosphere of the reactor building and the waste liquid in the pit to the laboratory, and analyzing the concentration of radionuclides in the atmospheric samples and waste liquid samples to achieve an accurate assessment of the severity of the nuclear accident. The sampling and analysis results of the radioactive waste liquid in the reactor building are important decision-making bases for the emergency command center of the nuclear power plant to carry out the orderly and controlled discharge of radioactive waste liquid from the reactor building to the environment.

[0003] Under the existing technology, the reactor building atmosphere sampling system uses a sampling pump to extract samples. The flow rate of the sampling pump is generally 10L / min to 30L / min, which cannot achieve quantitative sampling of 1mL or 0.1mL reactor building atmosphere samples. The samples need to be processed before they can be analyzed by the gamma spectrometer in the laboratory. During the sample processing process, the radioactivity of the samples decays, resulting in inaccurate radioactivity of the samples obtained in the final analysis. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention provide a gas sampling and quantitative module, a sampling system and method for the reactor building atmosphere, aiming to solve the problem of inaccurate sample analysis results caused by the inability to quantitatively sample airborne radioactive substances in the atmosphere of the reactor building after a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs in a nuclear power plant under the existing technology.

[0005] In a first aspect, the gas sampling and quantitative module includes: at least one quantitative ring for quantitatively sampling the sample gas; a multi-way valve, which includes an air inlet end and an air outlet end and at least one group of quantitative ring connecting end groups, the quantitative ring connecting end group includes a first connecting end of the quantitative ring, a second connecting end of the quantitative ring, a dilution unit connecting end and a sampling unit connecting end; wherein, when in the sampling mode, the air inlet end, the first connecting end of the quantitative ring, the quantitative ring, the second connecting end of the quantitative ring, and the air outlet are connected in sequence; and / or, when in the quantitative mode, the dilution unit connecting end, the first connecting end of the quantitative ring, the quantitative ring, the second connecting end of the quantitative ring, and the sampling unit connecting end are connected in series in sequence.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a sampling system for a reactor building atmosphere, comprising: a gas sampling and quantitative unit, comprising the gas sampling and quantitative module as described above; an air intake unit connected to the air intake end, the air intake unit being used to allow the reactor building atmosphere to pass through the containment vessel into the sampling system; an exhaust unit connected to the air outlet end, the exhaust unit being used to allow the gas in the sampling system to pass through the containment vessel and be discharged into the reactor building; a sampling unit connected to the sampling unit connection end and the exhaust unit, the sampling unit being used to accommodate a sample gas of the reactor building atmosphere to be sampled; a diluent injection unit connected to the dilution unit connection end and the exhaust unit, the diluent injection unit being used to inject a diluent into the gas sampling and quantitative unit so that the sampling unit samples a diluted sample gas.

[0007] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for sampling the atmosphere of a reactor building, which is applied to the sampling system for the atmosphere of a reactor building as described above, and includes: controlling the multi-way valve to be in the sampling mode; opening the air intake unit and the exhaust unit to enable the quantitative loop to quantitatively sample the sample gas; closing the air intake unit and controlling the multi-way valve to be in the quantitative mode; opening the diluent injection unit and blowing the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit to dilute and sample the sample gas; closing the diluent injection unit and the exhaust unit and obtaining a gas sample from the sampling unit.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, a multi-way valve is used in conjunction with a quantitative loop to quantitatively sample radioactive gas in a sampling mode, and then the multi-way valve is used to switch functions, so that in the quantitative mode, the dilution unit is connected via the dilution unit connection end, and the sampling unit connection end is connected to the sampling unit, and the radioactive gas in the quantitative loop that has been quantitatively sampled is transferred to the sampling unit, thereby realizing quantitative sampling of airborne radioactive substances in the atmosphere of a reactor building after a design basis accident or a severe accident in a nuclear power plant, so that a more accurate analysis result can be obtained when analyzing the final sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the injection mode of the gas injection and quantitative module provided by the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the quantitative mode of the gas sampling and quantitative module provided by the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a sampling system for reactor building atmosphere provided by the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the control relationship of the control modules of the gas sampling system for the atmosphere of the reactor building provided by the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the steps of the reactor building atmosphere sampling method provided by the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the sub-steps of the method for sampling the reactor building atmosphere provided by the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another sub-step of the method for sampling the reactor building atmosphere provided by the present invention;

[0018] Description of reference numerals:

[0019] 01, No. 1 pressure sensor; 02, No. 2 temperature sensor; 03, No. 3 pressure sensor; 04, γ dose rate detector; 05, No. 5 temperature sensor; 06, No. 6 pressure sensor; 09, No. 9 electric valve; 010, No. 10 electric valve; 011, No. 11 flow meter;

[0020] 10. Air intake module; 101. Electric valve No. 101; 102. Electric valve No. 102; 103. Electric valve No. 103; 104. Electric valve No. 104;

[0021] 20, flow control module; 201, electric valve No. 201; 202, electric valve No. 202; 203, electric valve No. 203; 204, pump;

[0022] 30. Gas sampling and quantitative unit; 31. Gas sampling and quantitative module; 301. Multi-way valve; 30101. Gas inlet end; 30102. First connection end of first quantitative loop; 30103. First sampling unit connection end; 30104. First dilution unit connection end; 30105. Second connection end of second quantitative loop; 30106. Gas outlet end; 30107. Second connection end of first quantitative loop; 30108. First connection end of second quantitative loop; 30109. Second dilution unit connection end; 30110. Second sampling unit connection end;

[0023] 302, first dosing ring; 303, second dosing ring; 304, No. 304 electric valve; 305, No. 305 electric valve; 306, No. 306 electric valve; 307, No. 307 electric valve; 308, No. 308 flow meter; 309, No. 309 flow meter;

[0024] 40. Sampling unit; 41. First quantitative loop sampling module; 42. Second quantitative loop sampling module; 401. First quick connector; 402. First aerosol and iodine retention bottle; 403. First switching valve; 404. First gas dilution bottle; 405. No. 405 electric valve; 406. No. 406 electric valve; 407. Second gas dilution bottle; 408. No. 408 electric valve; 409. No. 409 electric valve; 410. Second Quick connector; 411, first gas sampling bottle; 412, second aerosol and iodine retention bottle; 413, third switching valve; 414, third gas dilution bottle; 415, No. 415 electric valve; 416, No. 416 electric valve; 417, fourth gas dilution bottle; 418, No. 418 electric valve; 419, No. 419 electric valve; 420, fourth quick connector; 421, second gas sampling bottle; 422, third quick connector;

[0025] 50. Injection module; 501. Gas injector; 502. No. 502 electric valve; 503. Nitrogen cylinder;

[0026] 60, exhaust module; 601, electric valve No. 601; 602, electric valve No. 602; 603, electric valve No. 603; 604, electric valve No. 604;

[0027] 70. diluent injection unit; 701. inert gas source; 702. second switching valve;

[0028] 90. Gas sampling system control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] It should also be understood that the terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0032] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0033] In order to solve the problem of inaccurate sample analysis results caused by the inability to quantitatively sample airborne radioactive substances in the atmosphere of a reactor building after a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs in a nuclear power plant under the prior art, the present invention proposes a gas sampling and quantitative module 31, which includes: at least a certain amount of loop for quantitative sampling of sample gas; a multi-way valve 301, which includes an air inlet end 30101 and an air outlet end 30106 and at least one group of quantitative loop connection end groups, the quantitative loop connection end group includes a first quantitative loop connection end and a second quantitative loop connection end, a dilution unit 70 connection end and a sampling unit 40 connection end; wherein, when in the sampling mode, the air inlet end 30101, the first quantitative loop connection end, the quantitative loop, the second quantitative loop connection end, and the air outlet end 30106 are connected in sequence; and / or, when in the quantitative mode, the dilution unit connection end, the first quantitative loop connection end, the quantitative loop, the second quantitative loop connection end, and the sampling unit 40 connection end are connected in series in sequence.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the so-called quantitative ring is used to accurately measure and control the volume of the gas to ensure the volume consistency of each sample. The so-called multi-way valve 301 is used to connect different connection ends to achieve the connection between the functional pipelines, and to achieve the change of the intercommunication relationship between different connection ends by switching the valve port. In this embodiment, a rotary multi-way valve 301 is used. In the rotary multi-way valve 301, the valve core is cylindrical or spherical. As the valve stem rotates, different faces of the valve core dock with the channels in the valve body to achieve switching. In order to achieve quantitative sampling of the highly radioactive atmosphere in the reactor building after the accident, it is necessary to first quantitatively sample the radioactive atmosphere through the quantitative ring, and then transfer the radioactive sample gas in the quantitative ring for sampling. To this end, to achieve the above-mentioned fixed sampling and sampling, at least one multi-way valve 301 including six external ends is required to realize the function. On the multi-way valve 301, an air inlet end 30101 and an air outlet end 30106 are provided to provide a channel for gas sampling and discharge. A quantitative ring connection end group is also provided, the so-called quantitative ring connection end group includes a quantitative ring first connection end and a quantitative ring second connection end, which respectively serve as channels for radioactive gas to enter and leave the quantitative ring. Figure 3For example, in this embodiment, the so-called first end of the quantitative ring can be considered as the first connection end 30102 of the first quantitative ring, the so-called second connection end of the quantitative ring can be considered as the second connection end 30105 of the second quantitative ring, and the so-called quantitative ring can be considered as the collection of the first quantitative ring 302, the second connection end 30107 of the first quantitative ring, the first connection end 30108 of the second quantitative ring and the second quantitative ring 303. The so-called quantitative ring connection end group also includes a dilution unit connection end and a sampling unit 40 connection end, wherein the so-called dilution unit connection end is used to connect the dilution unit to adjust the sample gas concentration obtained by the final sampling, and the so-called sampling unit 40 connection end is used to connect the sampling unit 40 to inject the quantitative radioactive gas sample transferred from the quantitative ring into the sampling unit 40 to realize the quantitative sampling of the reactor building atmosphere. In this embodiment, when the quantitative ring is used to sample the radioactive atmosphere and when the quantitatively sampled radioactive atmosphere sample in the quantitative ring is sampled, it is respectively referred to as the injection mode and the quantitative mode. In these two modes, the multi-way valve 301 is in two different valve port switching states. When in the injection mode, the flow path of the radioactive gas is the air inlet 30101, the first connection end of the quantitative loop, the quantitative loop, the second connection end of the quantitative loop, and the air outlet 30106. Through this path, it can be ensured that the gas is not disturbed after entering the quantitative loop and the state of the sample is accurately maintained. When in the quantitative mode, the flow path of the diluent gas flowing out of the dilution unit for transferring and diluting the radioactive gas in the quantitative loop is the dilution unit connection end, the first connection end of the quantitative loop, the quantitative loop, the second connection end of the quantitative loop, and the sampling unit 40 connection end. Through this path, necessary dilution can be performed before obtaining the sample in order to meet the concentration requirements of subsequent analysis. The reason for dilution is that the upper limit of the radioactivity of the substance being tested that can be accepted by the gamma spectrometer analysis in the laboratory of the nuclear power plant is 10 6 Bq, if sampling is performed directly without dilution, the radioactivity of the obtained sample gas will be much higher than the upper limit, making it impossible for the gamma spectrometer to measure normally, and secondary dilution is required.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 of the embodiment of the present invention uses a multi-way valve 301 to cooperate with a quantitative ring to quantitatively sample the radioactive gas in the reactor building in the sampling mode, and then realizes function switching through the multi-way valve 301, so that in the quantitative mode, the dilution unit is connected to the dilution unit through the dilution unit connection end, and the sampling unit 40 connection end is connected to the sampling unit 40, so that the radioactive gas in the quantitative ring that has been quantitatively sampled is transferred to the sampling unit 40, thereby realizing the quantitative sampling of airborne radioactive substances in the atmosphere of the reactor building after a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs in the nuclear power plant, so that more accurate analysis results can be obtained when analyzing the final sample.

[0036] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 of the present invention includes a first quantitative ring 302, a second quantitative ring 303, and a first group of quantitative ring connecting end groups and a second group of quantitative ring connecting end groups of the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 correspondingly arranged; wherein, when in the sampling mode, the gas inlet end 30101, the first connecting end 30102 of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring 302, the second connecting end 30107 of the first quantitative ring, the first connecting end 30108 of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring 303, the second connecting end 30109 of the second quantitative ring The connecting end 30105 and the air outlet end 30106 are connected in sequence; when in quantitative mode, the first dilution unit connecting end 30104, the first quantitative ring second connecting end 30107, the first quantitative ring 302, the first quantitative ring first connecting end 30102, and the first sampling unit connecting end 30103 are connected in sequence, and the second dilution unit connecting end 30109, the second quantitative ring first connecting end 30108, the second quantitative ring 303, the second quantitative ring second connecting end 30105, and the second sampling unit connecting end 30110 are connected in sequence. In order to achieve more flexible quantitative sampling and improve the accuracy of measurement, it is necessary to set two quantitative rings of different magnitudes, namely the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303, wherein the volume of the first quantitative ring 302 is 1ml, and the volume of the second quantitative ring 303 is 0.1ml. By using quantitative loops of different capacities, different proportions of dilution can be performed at different sampling stages or when connected to different dilution units, so that the diluted sample finally obtained can reach the required analysis concentration, making the concentration adjustment of the gas sample more accurate and convenient. Since two quantitative loops are used, the multi-way valve 301 also needs to add a set of quantitative loop connection end groups. At this time, six pairs of multi-way valves 301 at the outer ends should be included to realize the function. In actual use, a quantitative loop with a smaller volume can also be selected to cooperate with the multi-way valve 301 to realize quantitative sampling of smaller volume reactor building atmosphere samples.

[0037] Furthermore, in order to realize the function of the multi-way valve 301, in addition to the air inlet end 30101 and the air outlet end 30106, the multi-way valve 301 also includes a first group of quantitative ring connecting end groups and a second group of quantitative ring connecting end groups, wherein the first quantitative ring 302 connecting end group includes the first quantitative ring first connecting end 30102, the first quantitative ring second connecting end 30107, the first dilution unit connecting end 30104 and the first sampling unit connecting end 30103, and the second quantitative ring 303 connecting end group includes the second quantitative ring first connecting end 30108, the second quantitative ring second connecting end 30105, the second dilution unit connecting end 30109 and the second sampling unit connecting end 30110. When in the injection state, the gas flow path is the air inlet end 30101, the first connecting end 30102 of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring 302, the second connecting end 30107 of the first quantitative ring, the first connecting end 30108 of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring 303, the second connecting end 30105 of the second quantitative ring, and the air outlet end 30106. The radioactive gas passes through the two quantitative rings at one time through the above path, and the two quantitative rings complete the quantitative injection work at the same time, which saves quantitative injection while preventing over-sampling of the 1ml quantitative ring through the 0.1ml quantitative ring, avoiding sampling saturation and affecting subsequent analysis. When in quantitative mode, the flow path of the diluent gas flowing out of the dilution unit for transferring and diluting the radioactive gas in the quantitative loop is divided into two, the first path is the first dilution unit connection end 30104, the first quantitative loop second connection end 30107, the first quantitative loop 302, the first quantitative loop first connection end 30102, the first sampling unit connection end 30103, and the second path is the second dilution unit connection end 30109, the second quantitative loop first connection end 30108, the second quantitative loop 303, the second quantitative loop second connection end 30105, and the second sampling unit connection end 30110. The diluent gas transfers the radioactive gas in the quantitative loop to the sampling unit 40 to complete the sampling. In this process, the sampling processes of the first quantitative loop 302 and the second quantitative loop 303 do not interfere with each other, allowing independent dilution and sampling operations to be performed on each quantitative loop, so that the sampling results are more accurate. The diluted sample finally obtained has two different magnitudes. When the sample is finally measured, the two samples of different magnitudes can avoid the radioactivity of the sampled sample exceeding the upper limit of the radioactivity of the measured material that can be accepted by the gamma spectrometer analysis to a greater extent. The gas sampling and quantitative module 31 in this embodiment has a more flexible connection system, which can quickly switch the sampling and quantitative modes according to the actual needs of the atmosphere sampling of the reactor building after the accident. At the same time, through the design of two quantitative rings of different capacities, more accurate gas sampling and analysis can be achieved. Furthermore, the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 can also be applied to a variety of gas analysis scenarios, including environmental monitoring and industrial gas detection.

[0038] In particular, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 of the present invention is also provided with a No. 306 electric valve 306 connected to the first sampling unit connection end 30103, a No. 307 electric valve 307 connected to the second sampling unit connection end 30110, a No. 304 electric valve 304 connected to the first dilution unit connection end 30104, and a No. 305 electric valve 305 connected to the second dilution unit connection end 30109. These electric valves are used to control the flow of gas and, under certain circumstances, isolate the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 from external interconnection, thereby ensuring the safety of the gas sampling and quantitative module 31. A No. 308 flow meter and a No. 309 flow meter are also provided to monitor the flow rate of the diluent gas to prevent excessive injection of the diluent gas.

[0039] The present invention also provides a reactor building atmosphere sampling system, which is particularly used for sampling the reactor building atmosphere after an accident. Figure 3The sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere includes a gas sampling and quantitative unit 30, including a gas sampling and quantitative module 31 as in the above embodiment; an air intake unit connected to the air intake end 30101, and the air intake unit is used to allow the reactor building atmosphere to pass through the containment into the sampling system; an exhaust unit connected to the air outlet end 30106, and the exhaust unit is used to allow the gas in the sampling system to pass through the containment and be discharged into the reactor building; a sampling unit 40, connected to the sampling unit 40 connection end and the exhaust unit, and the sampling unit 40 is used to accommodate the sample gas to be sampled; a diluent injection unit 70, connected to the dilution unit connection end and the exhaust unit, and the diluent injection unit 70 is used to inject a diluent into the gas sampling and quantitative unit 30 so that the sampling unit 40 samples the diluted sample gas. A containment is set in the reactor building, and when an accident or failure occurs in the reactor, the containment can effectively contain and prevent the leakage of radioactive substances into the environment. It is usually built with strong materials that can withstand high pressure and high temperature to ensure that it can remain sealed under extreme conditions. Therefore, in order to enable the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere to sample radioactive gases in the atmosphere from the reactor building after the accident, and to ensure that the radioactive gases can be safely and effectively introduced into the system without destroying the protective performance of the containment, an air intake unit needs to be provided. At the same time, since the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere itself also requires a closed system to prevent the radioactive gases entering the sampling system from leaking out of the containment and causing radiation hazards, an exhaust unit needs to be provided to discharge the gas in the sampling system through the containment into the reactor building. The sampling unit 40 is connected to the connection end of the sampling unit 40 and the exhaust unit, and is used to accommodate the sample gas to be sampled to ensure the integrity of the sample. The diluent injection unit 70 is connected to the connection end of the dilution unit and the exhaust unit, and is used to inject a diluent into the gas sampling and quantitative unit 30, so that the sampling unit 40 obtains the diluted sample gas. In the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to ensure that the selected diluent gas will not chemically react with the radioactive gas, causing changes in the properties of the sample or generating new harmful gases or affecting the sample test. Therefore, an inert gas, such as helium or nitrogen, must be used. Based on the cost and the uncontrollable temperature of the sample gas, the optimal solution is to use nitrogen. Therefore, nitrogen is selected as the diluent gas. The diluent injection unit 70 can adjust the concentration of the sample gas as required to facilitate subsequent analysis. In order to effectively control the various units, modules and components in the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere to accurately realize the functions of the sampling and measurement system, a gas sampling system control module 90 is also provided. The gas sampling system control module 90 is electrically connected to each electronic control component, receives feedback from each component for automatic control, and also actively intervenes in control according to instructions issued by human input.

[0040] By means of the reactor building atmosphere sampling system in the embodiment of the present invention, diluted sampling of the reactor building atmosphere can be carried out outside the reactor building after an accident without destroying the containment structure, thereby ensuring the radiation safety of the sampling personnel.

[0041] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3 The sampling unit 40 includes a retention bottle and a gas dilution bottle. The input end of the retention bottle is connected to the connection end of the sampling unit 40, the output end of the retention bottle is connected to the input end of the gas dilution bottle, and the output end of the gas dilution bottle is connected to the exhaust unit. The so-called retention bottle refers to the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412, which are used to capture radioactive aerosol substances and volatile radioactive substances such as concentrated radioactive iodine in the sample gas. The input end of the retention bottle is connected to the connection end of the multi-way valve 301 and the sampling unit 40. When the radioactive gas passes through the connection end of the sampling unit 40, it enters the retention bottle. After the retention bottle washes and filters the radioactive aerosol and radioactive iodine and other substances in the sample gas, the gas enters the gas dilution bottle and the input end of the sampling bottle from the output end of the retention bottle, so as to realize the sampling of the radioactive gas that has been washed, filtered and diluted.

[0042] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3The sampling unit 40 also includes a first switching valve 403 with multiple valve ports. The dilution bottle includes a first gas dilution bottle 404 and a second gas dilution bottle 407. The first gas dilution bottle 404 and the second gas dilution bottle 407 have different volumes. The first switching valve 403 is respectively connected to the output end of the retention bottle, the input end of the first gas dilution bottle 404, and the input end of the second gas dilution bottle 407. The output ends of the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the second gas dilution bottle 407 are both connected to the exhaust unit. The first switching valve 403 can switch the conduction relationship between the output end of the retention bottle and the input ends of the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the second gas dilution bottle 407. In order to obtain more magnitudes of dilution gas and ensure that even when the radioactive atmosphere in the reactor building is in extremely high radioactivity, it can still be measured normally in the laboratory using a gamma spectrometer after dilution, it is necessary to set multiple gas dilution bottles of different volumes in the sampling unit 40 connected to a quantitative loop. To this end, in this embodiment, two levels of gas dilution bottles, namely, a first gas dilution bottle 404 and a second gas dilution bottle 407, are provided in the sampling unit 40, wherein the volume of the first gas dilution bottle 404 is 100 ml, and the volume of the second gas dilution bottle 407 is 1000 ml. A first switching valve 403 is also provided, and the first switching valve 403 is used to switch the sampling pipeline between gas dilution bottles of different volumes. After 1 ml of quantitative radioactive gas is transferred to the 100 ml first gas dilution bottle 404, the diluent gas released by the diluent injection unit 70 will be continuously filled into the first gas dilution bottle 404, so that the sample gas is diluted 100 times. After 1 ml of quantitative radioactive gas is transferred to the 1000 ml second gas dilution bottle 407, the diluent gas released by the diluent injection unit 70 will be continuously filled into the second gas dilution bottle 407, so that the sample gas is diluted 1000 times. The configuration of this embodiment makes it easier to obtain sample dilution gas that can be measured and analyzed by the gamma spectrometer when the radioactive atmosphere in the reactor building is at a very high radioactivity, reducing invalid sampling and making the sampling success rate higher. It should be emphasized that the third gas dilution bottle 414 has the same volume as the first gas dilution bottle 404, and the fourth gas dilution bottle 417 has the same volume as the second gas dilution bottle 407.

[0043] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3, the sampling unit 40 also includes a first gas sampling bottle 411, and the first switching valve 403 is also connected to the first gas sampling bottle 411. A gas sampling bottle is set to directly sample, and a valve port that can switch the sampling channel is configured on the first switching valve 403 to connect the first gas sampling bottle 411. When the radioactivity concentration of the reactor building atmosphere is high, the sampling bottle 411 is connected to the first gas dilution bottle 404, or the sampling bottle 411 is connected to the second gas dilution bottle 407. After the sampling bottle 411 obtains the diluted gas sample, the sampling bottle 411 and the diluted gas sample collected will be sent to the laboratory for gamma spectrum analysis. When the radioactivity concentration of the reactor building atmosphere is low, the sample directly obtained by the first gas sampling bottle 411 can ensure that when the radioactivity atmosphere in the reactor building is at a low radioactivity concentration, a sample with sufficient radioactivity activity can still be obtained for testing, and the measurement and analysis results will not be inaccurate due to the low sample concentration. In the embodiment of the present invention, the volume of the gas sampling bottle is preferably 14ml. In actual use, it is found that since the first gas sampling bottle is connected to the first quick connector 401, and the second gas sampling bottle is connected to the second quick connector 410, and the first quick connector 401 and the second quick connector 410 have no external discharge pipeline, a vacuum bottle is selected as the gas sampling bottle. The vacuum gas sampling bottle is used to absorb and collect radioactive gas samples, and it is ensured that no radioactive gas overflows or leaks. Therefore, before sampling, the gas sampling bottle and the connected pipeline do not need to be purged.

[0044] Reference Figure 3Since the gas sampling and quantitative unit 30 includes a first quantitative ring 302 and a second quantitative ring 303, an independent sampling module is provided for each quantitative ring, namely, a first quantitative ring sampling module 41 and a second quantitative ring sampling module 42. In the first quantitative sampling module 41, the air inlet end of the first aerosol and the iodine retention bottle 402 is connected to the electric valve 306, and the pipelines connected to the air inlet end and the air outlet end of the first aerosol and the iodine retention bottle 402 pass through the first quick connector 401, and the air outlet end of the first aerosol and the iodine retention bottle 402 is connected to the first switching valve 403, and the first switching valve 403 is respectively connected with 5 ports, one of which is a blind hole, and the other four are respectively connected to the air outlet end of the first aerosol and the iodine retention bottle 402, the air inlet end of the first gas dilution bottle 404, the air inlet end of the second gas dilution bottle 407 and the first gas sampling bottle 411. The first gas sampling bottle 411 is connected to the second quick connector 410. The connecting pipeline between the second quick connector 410 and the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the gas inlet end of the second gas dilution bottle 407 is provided with a No. 406 electric valve 406 and a No. 409 electric valve 409. The corresponding second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412, the third switching valve 413, the third gas dilution bottle 414, the No. 415 electric valve 415, the No. 416 electric valve 416, the fourth gas dilution bottle 417, the No. 418 electric valve 418, the No. 419 electric valve 419, the fourth quick connector 420, the second gas sampling bottle 421 and the third quick connector 422 in the second quantitative loop sampling module 42 are shown in FIG. Figure 3 Taking the example, the position relationship and function of each component in the first quantitative ring sampling module 41 are the same, and no further details are given here.

[0045] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3The exhaust unit includes an injection module 50 and an exhaust module 60, the output end of the injection module 50 is connected to the exhaust module 60, and a No. 9 electric valve 09 for controlling the gas flow and isolating the pipeline is provided between the two connecting pipelines, the input end of the injection module 50 is connected to the gas outlet end 30106, the output end of the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the output end of the second gas dilution bottle 407, the output end of the second gas dilution bottle 414 and the output end of the second gas dilution bottle 417, wherein the exhaust module 60 is used to discharge the gas in the sampling system through the containment into the reactor building, and the injection module 50 is used to pressurize the gas to be discharged from the sampling system. In order to allow the gas in the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere of the present invention to be discharged into the reactor building to reduce the residual radioactive substances and overcome the high and low pressure differences that may exist inside and outside the containment, it is necessary to set up an exhaust module 60 that passes through the containment and an injection module 50 for gas injection in the pressurized booster system. The function of the injection module 50 is mainly realized by a gas injector 501. The gas injector 501 is connected to a nitrogen bottle 503. The nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle 503 is used as a pressurized and scavenging gas. A No. 502 electric valve 502 is also provided in the middle of the pipeline connecting the gas injector 501 and the nitrogen bottle 503. The electric valve is used to prevent the nitrogen in the nitrogen bottle 503 from leaking. When the gas in the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere reaches the gas injector 501, the gas injector 501 mixes the nitrogen and performs pressurized injection, and then is injected from the exhaust module 60 through the containment into the atmosphere of the reactor building. Four electric valves are also provided on the exhaust module 60, namely, electric valve No. 601 601, electric valve No. 602 602, electric valve No. 603 603 and electric valve No. 604 604. Among them, electric valve No. 601 601 and electric valve No. 603 603 are located inside the containment, and electric valve No. 602 602 and electric valve No. 604 604 are located outside the containment. Electric valve No. 602 602 and electric valve No. 601 601 are connected along the gas flow direction, and are a group of flow safety control valves for controlling the gas discharge of the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere into the containment. When the exhaust module needs to discharge gas, electric valve No. 601 601 and electric valve No. 602 602 will be opened to discharge gas. However, when a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs, the electric valve is likely to be damaged, especially the No. 601 electric valve 601 and the connected pipelines in the containment, and under accident conditions, it is impossible to inspect and replace the parts and pipelines in the containment. In order to ensure that the sampling system can still exhaust gas into the reactor building normally after an accident, the No. 603 electric valve 603 and the No. 604 electric valve 604 are set as redundant equipment for the No. 601 electric valve 601 and the No. 602 electric valve 602 to ensure that the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere works normally.It should be pointed out that the redundant equipment does not only include electric valve No. 603 603 and electric valve No. 604 604. For electric valve No. 601 601 and electric valve No. 602 602, at least three sets of redundant equipment are usually set to ensure the normal operation of the sampling system. In this embodiment, only one set of redundant equipment is set in the accompanying drawings for illustrative explanation.

[0046] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 3, the air intake unit includes an air intake module 10 and a flow control module 20, the input end of the flow control module 20 is connected to the air intake module 10, and the output end of the flow control module 20 is connected to the air intake end, wherein the air intake module 10 is used to allow the reactor building atmosphere to pass through the containment into the sampling system, and the flow control module 20 is used to control the flow rate of the gas in the sampling system. In order to allow the radioactive atmosphere in the reactor building to smoothly enter the sampling system, the air intake module 10 and the flow control module 20 are provided. The air intake module 10 is also provided with four electric valves, namely, electric valve No. 101 101, electric valve No. 102 102, electric valve No. 103 103 and electric valve No. 104. Among them, electric valve No. 101 101 and electric valve No. 103 103 are located inside the containment, and electric valve No. 102 102 and electric valve No. 104 are located outside the containment. The No. 101 electric valve 101 and the No. 102 electric valve 102 are connected along the gas flow direction, and are a group of flow safety control valves that control the gas in the containment to enter the air intake module 10. When the air intake module 10 needs radioactive gas to enter, the No. 101 electric valve 101 and the No. 102 electric valve 102 will be opened, and the radioactive gas in the reactor building will enter the air intake module 10. However, when a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs, the electric valve is likely to be damaged, especially the No. 101 electric valve 101 and the connected pipeline in the containment, and under accident conditions, it is impossible to repair and replace the parts and pipelines in the containment. In order to ensure that the sampling system can still normally inlet gas from the reactor building after an accident, the No. 103 electric valve 103 and the No. 104 electric valve are set as redundant equipment for the No. 101 electric valve 101 and the No. 102 electric valve 102 to ensure that the sampling system of the reactor building atmosphere works normally. It should be pointed out that the redundant equipment does not only include the No. 103 electric valve 103 and the No. 104 electric valve. For the No. 101 electric valve 101 and the No. 102 electric valve 102, at least three sets of redundant equipment are usually set to ensure the normal operation of the sampling system function. This embodiment only sets one set of redundant equipment in the accompanying drawings for explanation. Further, in order to detect the atmospheric pressure and temperature in the containment, a No. 1 pressure sensor 01 and a No. 2 temperature sensor 02 are also provided at the front end of the air intake module 10. After a design basis accident or a serious accident occurs, since the reactor is in a state of heat release, the atmosphere in the reactor building is in a high temperature and high pressure state at this time, and there is a huge pressure difference between the inside of the sampling system and the atmosphere in the containment. If the system is directly connected to the atmosphere in the containment under this high pressure difference, it may cause a high pressure explosion of the sampling system. For this purpose, a flow control module 20 is set up, and a No. 201 electric valve 201 is set on the connecting pipeline. Through this electric valve, the air intake speed can be controlled when the atmospheric pressure in the containment is greater than that in the sampling system, thereby meeting the flow rate requirements of the sampling system and protecting the pipeline safety of the sampling system.After the occurrence of a design basis accident or a serious accident, after emergency treatment and some subsequent treatment work, the atmosphere in the reactor building cools down, and for safety reasons, the containment will be in a negative pressure state for a long time. At this time, the radioactive gas in the containment lacks the power to enter the sampling system. Therefore, in the flow control module 20, the No. 201 electric valve 201 is connected in parallel with the No. 202 electric valve 202, the pump 204 and the No. 203 electric valve 203, which are connected in series in sequence, and the pump 204 is used to provide the power for the radioactive gas in the atmosphere of the reactor building to enter the sampling system. Among them, the No. 202 electric valve 202 and the No. 203 electric valve 203 are used to control the flow rate of the radioactive gas. The No. 3 pressure sensor 03 and the gamma dose rate detector 04 are also arranged in sequence on the connecting pipeline between the air intake module 10 and the flow control module 20. Pressure sensor No. 3 03 is used to monitor the pressure of the pipe section that enters the sampling system but does not pass through the flow control module 20, thereby providing a control basis for electric valve No. 201 202 202 , pump 204 and electric valve No. 203 203. The gamma dose rate detector 04 performs online monitoring to preliminarily obtain the radioactivity of the radioactive gas in the pipe section that enters the sampling system but does not pass through the flow control module 20, providing a basis for the subsequent control of the gas sampling and quantification unit 30 , the diluent injection unit 70 and the sampling unit 40.

[0047] The present invention also provides a method for sampling the atmosphere in a reactor building, which is applied to the above-mentioned sampling system for the atmosphere in a reactor building, referring to Figure 5 The sampling method of the reactor building atmosphere includes:

[0048] S810, controlling the multi-way valve 301 to be in the injection mode;

[0049] When sampling the sample gas, the multi-way valve 301 must first be switched to the sampling mode so that the quantitative loop can quantitatively sample the radioactive gas from the reactor building atmosphere entering from the gas intake unit 10. At the same time, after switching to the sampling mode, the diluent injection unit 70 will also inject diluent into the multi-way valve 301 to purge the entire sampling pipeline, and discharge the residual radioactive gas originally existing in the sampling system pipeline from the exhaust unit, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the sampling results.

[0050] S820, opening the air intake unit and the exhaust unit, so that the quantitative loop quantitatively injects the sample gas of the reactor building atmosphere;

[0051] After the air intake unit and the exhaust unit are turned on, the sampling system is connected to the atmosphere of the reactor building in the containment, the radioactive gas begins to circulate in the sampling system, and the quantitative loop begins to quantitatively sample the radioactive gas.

[0052] S830, close the air intake unit and control the multi-way valve 301 to be in quantitative mode;

[0053] After the quantitative sampling is completed, the air intake unit is closed to isolate the sampling system from the reactor building atmosphere in the containment vessel in the air intake direction, and the multi-way valve 301 is controlled to switch to the quantitative mode to prepare for the quantitative sampling operation.

[0054] S840, opening the diluent injection unit 70, blowing the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit 40 to dilute and sample the sample gas;

[0055] The diluent gas injected by the diluent injection unit 70 provides power to blow the sample gas in the quantitative ring into the sampling unit 40, thereby achieving dilution sampling of a quantitative sample gas.

[0056] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 , opening the diluent injection unit 70, blowing the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit 40 to dilute and sample the sample gas, and further comprising:

[0057] S841, open the diluent injection unit 70, and blow the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit 40;

[0058] S842, using a sodium hydroxide solution in the sampling unit 40 to wash and intercept the airborne radioactive particles in the sample gas;

[0059] S843. Dilute and sample the sample gas treated with the sodium hydroxide solution.

[0060] After the diluent injection unit 70 is opened, the sample gas in the quantitative loop will first be blown into the aerosol and iodine retention bottle, which contains sodium hydroxide solution, and the airborne radioactive particles in the sample gas, including radioactive aerosol particles and radioactive iodine, will be trapped by the sodium hydroxide solution. The filtered sample gas will then enter the gas dilution bottle, and then the dilution sampling will be completed during the continuous injection of diluent gas.

[0061] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 The steps of diluting and sampling the sample gas after being treated by the sodium hydroxide solution washing and dissolution technology include:

[0062] S8431. Based on the online gamma dose rate measurement results, select a gas dilution ratio that can ensure that the radioactivity of the inert gas in the gas sample is lower than the upper limit of the analyzer;

[0063] S8432a, when the measurement result is greater than the first preset value, use the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the gas sampling bottle 411 to perform dilution sampling;

[0064] S8432b, when the measurement result is less than the first preset value and greater than the second preset value, use the second gas dilution bottle 407 and the gas sampling bottle 411 to perform dilution sampling;

[0065] S8432c. When the measurement result is less than the second preset value, use a gas sampling bottle to take samples.

[0066] The so-called online gamma dose rate is the gamma dose rate result caused by the radioactive gas entering the sampling system pipeline obtained by the gamma dose rate detector 04. The so-called first preset value and the second preset value refer to the preset thresholds for switching the gamma dose rate measurement result and the sampling mode. According to the gamma dose rate measurement result, the first preset value and the second preset value, different gas dilution bottles or gas sampling bottles are switched to perform sampling. The final sample dilution ratio changes with the change of the sampling container, and finally a gas sample that can be analyzed by the gamma spectrometer in the laboratory is obtained.

[0067] S850 , close the diluent injection unit 70 and the exhaust unit, and obtain gas samples and aerosol and radioactive iodine sodium hydroxide solution samples from the sampling unit 40 .

[0068] Finally, after closing the diluent injection unit 70 and the exhaust unit, the electric valves connecting the units are closed so that the pipeline connected to the gas dilution bottle or the gas sampling bottle is in a closed state and the pipeline pressure does not change. Gas sampling is performed from the gas dilution bottle or the gas sampling bottle of the sampling unit 40, and aerosol and iodine retention bottles are used to obtain sodium hydroxide solution samples of aerosol and radioactive iodine.

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the reactor building atmosphere sampling system and method of the present invention, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the following is further explained through an example:

[0070] During the normal operation of the power plant, the post-accident reactor building atmosphere sampling system is in a shutdown state; during the shutdown and overhaul of the nuclear power plant, the post-accident reactor building atmosphere sampling system is started to inspect and test the equipment status and operational reliability. If there is a component failure during the inspection and testing, it will be replaced and repaired in time. Under accident conditions, the reactor building atmosphere sampling is carried out according to the instructions of the nuclear power plant emergency command center.

[0071] After receiving the command for sampling the atmosphere in the reactor building, the operator in the main control room of the nuclear power plant remotely controls the No. 101 electric valve 101, No. 102 electric valve 102, No. 601 electric valve 601 and No. 602 electric valve 602 to open. When any of the electric valves No. 101 electric valve 101, No. 102 electric valve 102, No. 601 electric valve 601 and No. 602 electric valve 602 cannot be opened normally, the operator in the main control room will immediately receive an indication signal that the corresponding electric valve is not opened. When receiving the indication signal that the No. 101 electric valve 101 or No. 102 electric valve 102 is not opened, the operator remotely controls the No. 103 electric valve 103 or No. 104 electric valve 104 to open; similarly, when receiving the indication signal that the No. 601 electric valve 601 or No. 602 electric valve 602 is not opened, the operator remotely controls the No. 603 electric valve 603 or No. 604 electric valve 604 to open.

[0072] In order to reduce the error of the results, the sampling of radioactive gas will be carried out multiple times. Therefore, in order to clean the residual radioactive gas in the sampling system pipeline so that the next sampling will not be affected, the pipeline of the entire sampling system must be purged through the diluent injection unit 70.

[0073] Before performing the purge, confirm that the No. 201 electric valve 201, No. 202 electric valve 202, No. 203 electric valve 203 and pump 204 of the flow control module 20 are in the closed state; open the No. 502 electric valve 502 of the injection module 50, and open the No. 9 electric valve 09. Connect the 1st and 4th ends of the second switching valve 702, and adjust it to connect the 1st and 2nd ends. The nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 is used to purge the gas sampling and injection circuit of the quantitative module 31 through the No. 10 electric valve 010, wherein the so-called injection circuit refers to the gas inlet end 30101 of the multi-way valve 301, the first connecting end 30102 of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring 302, the second connecting end 30107 of the first quantitative ring, the first connecting end 30108 of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring 303, the second connecting end 30105 of the second quantitative ring, and the gas outlet end 30106 are connected in sequence, and the purge flow rate is adjusted to 500mL / min by the No. 10 electric valve 010 and the No. 11 flowmeter 011 to remove the residual radioactive gas in the injection circuit, and the purge time is 2 minutes. At the same time, the electric valve No. 304, electric valve No. 305, electric valve No. 306, and electric valve No. 307 of the gas sampling and quantitative module 31 are opened, and the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 in the first quantitative ring 302 sampling module and the second quantitative ring 303 sampling module that are not filled with sodium hydroxide solution are connected to the first quick connector 401 and the third quick connector 422 respectively, and the electric valve No. 405, electric valve No. 406, electric valve No. 408, electric valve No. 409, electric valve No. 415, electric valve No. 416, electric valve No. 418, and electric valve No. 419 are opened, and the 1 end and the 3 end of the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are connected.

[0074] After the injection loop is purged, the 1st and 2nd ends of the second switching valve 702 are connected, and the 1st and 3rd ends are adjusted to be connected. The nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 is used to purge the gas injection and quantitative module 31, the first quantitative ring 302 sampling module and the second quantitative ring 303 sampling module.

[0075] The purging method is that the nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 passes through the No. 304 electric valve 304 of the gas injection and quantitative module 31, the first dilution unit connection end 30104 and the first sampling unit connection end 30103 of the multi-way valve 301, the No. 306 electric valve 306, the first quick connector 401 of the first quantitative ring 302 sampling module, the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402, the 1st end and the 3rd end of the first switching valve 403, the No. 406 electric valve 406 and the No. 409 electric valve 409, the first gas dilution bottle 404 (1000mL) and the second gas dilution bottle 407 (100mL), the No. 405 electric valve 405 and the No. 408 electric valve 408 to achieve the whole circuit purge. Similarly, the nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 is purged through the No. 305 electric valve 305 of the gas injection and quantitative module 31, the second dilution unit connection end 30109 and the second sampling unit connection end 30110 of the multi-way valve 301, the No. 307 electric valve 307, the third quick connector 422 of the second quantitative ring 303 sampling module, the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412, the 1st and 3rd ends of the third switching valve 413, the No. 416 electric valve 416 and the No. 419 electric valve 419, the third gas dilution bottle 414 (1000mL) and the fourth gas dilution bottle 417 (100mL), the No. 415 electric valve 415 and the No. 418 electric valve 418 to achieve another circuit purge. The nitrogen purge flow rate is adjusted to 2500 mL / min by electric valve No. 304 304, electric valve No. 305 305, flow meter No. 308 308 and electric valve No. 307 307, and the purge time is 0.5 minutes.

[0076] Connect the 1st and 3rd ends of the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413, adjust the 1st and 2nd ends to be connected, and close the No. 409 electric valve 409 and the No. 419 electric valve 419. Purge the 1st and 2nd ends of the first switching valve 403, the second gas dilution bottle 407 (100mL) and the No. 408 electric valve 408 circuit; purge the 1st and 2nd ends of the third switching valve 413, the fourth gas dilution bottle 417 (100mL) and the No. 418 electric valve 418 circuit. The purge time is 0.5 minutes.

[0077] Connect the 1st and 2nd ends of the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413, adjust the 1st and 4th ends to be connected, and close the No. 406 electric valve 406 and the No. 416 electric valve. Purge the 1st and 4th ends of the first switching valve 403, the first gas dilution bottle 404 (1000mL) and the No. 405 electric valve 405 circuit, and purge the 1st and 4th ends of the third switching valve 413, the third gas dilution bottle 414 (1000mL) and the No. 415 electric valve 415 circuit. The purge time is 5 minutes.

[0078] The above-mentioned purging gas is finally sucked and injected through the gas injector 501 of the injection module 50, flows through the No. 9 electric valve 09, the No. 602 electric valve 602 and the No. 601 electric valve 601 and is injected into the reactor building.

[0079] After completing the purging of the gas sampling and quantitative module 31, the first quantitative ring 302 sampling module and the second quantitative ring 303 sampling module, close the electric valve No. 304 304 and the electric valve No. 305 305, the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307 of the gas sampling and quantitative module 31, close the electric valves No. 405 405, the electric valve No. 406, the electric valve No. 408, the electric valve No. 409, the electric valve No. 415, the electric valve No. 416, the electric valve No. 418, and the electric valve No. 419 of the first quantitative ring 302 sampling module and the second quantitative ring 303 sampling module, adjust the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 to connect ends 1 and 5 respectively, adjust the second switching valve 702 to connect ends 1 and 4, and close the electric valve No. 10 010.

[0080] Manually remove the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 and respectively fill them with 80 mL of 1 mol / L to 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. Connect the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 filled with sodium hydroxide solution to the first quick connector 401 and the third quick connector 422, respectively. Connect the first gas sampling bottle 411 and the second gas sampling bottle 421 to the second quick connector 410 and the fourth quick connector 420, respectively.

[0081] The opening and closing of the above-mentioned electric valve, the flow regulation of the electric flow control valve, and the control of the five-way valve, the four-way valve, and the ten-way valve are all controlled on the gas sampling system control module 90.

[0082] Check the measurement result of pressure sensor No. 3 03 on the gas sampling system control module 90. If the measurement value of pressure sensor No. 3 03 is higher than 0.25MPa, open electric valve No. 201, and confirm that electric valve No. 202 202 and pump 204 are in the closed state. If the measurement value of pressure sensor No. 3 03 is lower than 0.25MPa, open electric valve No. 202, electric valve No. 203 203 and pump 204, and confirm that electric valve No. 201 201 is in the closed state.

[0083] The opening and closing of the electric valve No. 201 201 , the electric valve No. 202 202 , the electric valve No. 203 203 and the pump 204 are controlled by the gas sampling system control module 90 .

[0084] After the operation of the flow control module 20 is completed, the No. 10 electric valve 010 is opened and the measurement data of the No. 1 pressure sensor 01 and the No. 6 pressure sensor 06, the No. 2 temperature sensor 02 and the No. 5 temperature sensor 05 are recorded on the gas sampling system control module 90. The No. 10 electric valve 010 and the No. 11 flowmeter 011 adjust the reactor building atmospheric sampling flow rate to 500 mL / min. The reactor building atmosphere enters the gas sampling and quantitative unit 30 through the air intake module 10 and the flow control module 20, is introduced by the air intake end 30101 of the multi-way valve 301 of the gas sampling and quantitative unit 30, and is connected to the injection module 50 through the first sampling unit connection end 30103, the first quantitative ring 302, the first quantitative ring second connection end 30107, the second quantitative ring first connection end 30108, the second quantitative ring 303, the second quantitative ring second connection end 30105 and the gas outlet end 30106. The gas injector 501 of the injection module 50 draws the gas and injects it into the reactor building through the exhaust module 60, so as to realize the purging and injection of the reactor building atmosphere sample in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303. The air sample purging and injection time is 2 minutes.

[0085] After the reactor building atmosphere sample is injected, the multi-way valve 301 of the gas injection and quantitative module 31 is adjusted from the injection mode to the quantitative mode on the gas sampling system control module 90, and the flow control module 20 and the No. 10 electric valve 010 are remotely closed, and the measurement data recording of the No. 1 pressure sensor 01 and the No. 6 pressure sensor 06, the No. 2 temperature sensor 02 and the No. 5 temperature sensor 05 are stopped. The reactor building atmosphere sample is automatically injected during the gas injection and quantitative module 31. The average value of the measurement data of the No. 1 pressure sensor 01 and the No. 6 pressure sensor 06, the No. 2 temperature sensor 02 and the No. 5 temperature sensor 05 ( and ).

[0086] In the quantitative mode, the air inlet 30101 and the air outlet 30106 of the multi-way valve 301 are connected in series to realize that the highly radioactive atmosphere of the reactor building is discharged to the reactor building through the air inlet 30101, the air outlet 30106 and the injection module 50; the first dilution unit connection end 30104, the second connection end 30107 of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring 302, the first connection end 30102 of the first quantitative ring and the first sampling unit connection end 30103 are connected in series to form a passage to realize the quantitative measurement of 1 mL of the reactor building atmosphere; similarly, the second dilution unit connection end 30109, the first connection end 30108 of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring 303, the second connection end 30105 of the second quantitative ring and the second sampling unit connection end 30110 are connected in series to form a passage to realize the quantitative measurement of 0.1 mL of the reactor building atmosphere.

[0087] The sampling and quantitative mode adjustment of the multi-way valve 301, the opening and closing of the electric valve, and the adjustment of the flow electric regulating valve are all controlled by the gas sampling system control module 90.

[0088] Before sampling the reactor building atmosphere, confirm on the gas sampling system control module 90 that the electric valves 306, 307, 405, 406, 408, 409, 415, 416, 418 and 419 are in the closed state, and the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are both connected at the 1st and 5th ends. Confirm the measurement data of the gamma dose rate detector 04 on the gas sampling system control module 90. Gamma Dose Rate Detector 04 Measurement Data The sampling operation mode of reactor building atmosphere samples is different.

[0089] when At this time, the gas sampling system control module 90 controls the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 to be connected from the 1st and 5th ends to the 1st and 4th ends, the 406th electric valve 406 and the 416th electric valve 416 are in the open state, and the second switching valve 702 is controlled to be connected from the 1st and 4th ends to the 1st and 3rd ends. The 304th electric valve 304 and the 305th electric valve 305 are opened in sequence, and the flow rate flowing through the 304th electric valve 304 and the 305th electric valve 305 is adjusted to 500ml / min in combination with the flow rate information of the 308th flow meter 308 and the 309th flow meter 309.

[0090] Open the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307. The nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 is purged through the 1st and 3rd ends of the second switching valve 702, the electric valve No. 304 304 and the electric valve No. 305 305 to purge 1 mL and 0.1 mL of highly radioactive gas from the reactor building retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 of the multi-way valve 301 in the quantitative mode respectively. The highly radioactive gas from the reactor building quantitatively retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 is purged through the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307 to the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412.

[0091] The 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 retains all aerosol and iodine in 1 mL of highly radioactive gas in the reactor building retained in the first quantitative loop 302, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the first gas dilution bottle 404 and the first gas sampling bottle 411. The 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 retains all aerosol and iodine in 0.1 mL of highly radioactive gas in the reactor building retained in the second quantitative loop 303, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the third gas dilution bottle 414 and the second gas sampling bottle 421. After 2 minutes of gas purge, the No. 304 electric valve 304 and No. 305 electric valve 305 are remotely closed on the gas sampling system control module 90, the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are adjusted from the connection between the 1st and 4th ends to the connection between the 1st and 5th ends, and the No. 406 electric valve 406 and the No. 416 electric valve 416 are closed. At the same time, the staff is arranged to remove the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the first gas sampling bottle 411 from the first quick connector 401 and the second quick connector 410 to achieve 1mL of diluted sampling of the reactor building atmosphere; the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 and the second gas sampling bottle 421 are removed from the third quick connector 422 and the fourth quick connector 420 to achieve 0.1mL of diluted sampling of the reactor building atmosphere.

[0092] when When the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are connected from the 1st and 5th ends to the 1st and 2th ends on the gas sampling system control module 90, the No. 409 electric valve 409 and the No. 419 electric valve 419 are controlled to be in the open state, and the second switching valve 702 is controlled to be connected from the 1st and 4th ends to the 1st and 3th ends. The No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 are opened in sequence, and the flow rate flowing through the No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 is adjusted to 50ml / min in combination with the flow rate information of the No. 308 flow meter 308 and the No. 309 flow meter 309.

[0093] Open the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307, and the nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 passes through the 1 end and the 3 end of the second switching valve 702, and the electric valve No. 304 304 and the electric valve No. 305 305 respectively purge 1 mL and 0.1 mL of highly radioactive gas from the reactor building retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 of the multi-way valve 301 in the quantitative mode, and the highly radioactive gas from the reactor building quantitatively retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 is purged to the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 via the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307.

[0094] The 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 retains all the aerosol and iodine in the 1 mL reactor building high radioactive gas retained in the first quantitative loop 302, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the second gas dilution bottle 407 and the first gas sampling bottle 411. The 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 retains all the aerosol and iodine in the 0.1 mL reactor building high radioactive gas retained in the second quantitative loop 303, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the fourth gas dilution bottle 417 and the second gas sampling bottle 421. After the gas is purged for 2 minutes, the No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 are remotely closed on the gas sampling system control module 90, and the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are adjusted from the 1 end and the 2 end to the 1 end and the 5 end. At the same time, staff were arranged to remove the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the first gas sampling bottle 411 from the first quick connector 401 and the second quick connector 410 to achieve 1 mL of diluted sampling of the reactor building atmosphere; and to remove the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 and the second gas sampling bottle 421 from the third quick connector 422 and the fourth quick connector 420 to achieve 0.1 mL of diluted sampling of the reactor building atmosphere.

[0095] when When the gas sampling system control module 90 is used, the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are controlled to be connected from the 1st and 5th ends to the 1st and 3rd ends, and the second switching valve 702 is controlled to be connected from the 1st and 4th ends to the 1st and 3rd ends. The No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 are opened in sequence, and the flow rate through the No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 is adjusted to 5 ml / min in combination with the flow rate information of the No. 308 flow meter 308 and the No. 309 flow meter 309.

[0096] Open the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307, and the nitrogen in the inert gas source 701 passes through the 1 end and the 3 end of the second switching valve 702, and the electric valve No. 304 304 and the electric valve No. 305 305 respectively purge the 1mL and 0.1mL of highly radioactive gas from the reactor building retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 of the multi-way valve 301 in the quantitative mode, and the highly radioactive gas from the reactor building retained in the first quantitative ring 302 and the second quantitative ring 303 is purged to the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 via the electric valve No. 306 306 and the electric valve No. 307 307.

[0097] The 2mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 retains all the aerosol and iodine in the 1mL reactor building high radioactive gas retained in the first quantitative loop 302, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the first gas sampling bottle 411. The 2mol / L sodium hydroxide solution in the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 retains all the aerosol and iodine in the 0.1mL reactor building high radioactive gas retained in the second quantitative loop 303, and the radioactive inert gas and other insoluble gases are purged to the second gas sampling bottle 421. After the gas is purged for 3 minutes, the No. 304 electric valve 304 and the No. 305 electric valve 305 are remotely closed on the gas sampling system control module 90, and the first switching valve 403 and the third switching valve 413 are adjusted from being connected at the 1st and 3rd ends to being connected at the 1st and 5th ends. At the same time, staff were arranged to remove the first aerosol and iodine retention bottle 402 and the first gas sampling bottle 411 from the first quick connector 401 and the second quick connector 410 to achieve 1 mL sampling of the reactor building atmosphere; and to remove the second aerosol and iodine retention bottle 412 and the second gas sampling bottle 421 from the third quick connector 422 and the fourth quick connector 420 to achieve 0.1 mL sampling of the reactor building atmosphere.

[0098] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas sampling and quantitative module, characterized in that: include: At least one measuring ring for quantitatively sampling the sample gas; A multi-way valve, comprising an air inlet end, an air outlet end and at least one set of quantitative loop connection end groups, wherein the quantitative loop connection end group comprises a first quantitative loop connection end, a second quantitative loop connection end, a dilution unit connection end and a sampling unit connection end; Wherein, in the injection mode, the air inlet end, the first connection end of the quantitative loop, the quantitative loop, the second connection end of the quantitative loop, and the air outlet end are connected in sequence; and / or, When in the quantitative mode, the dilution unit connection end, the first connection end of the quantitative ring, the quantitative ring, the second connection end of the quantitative ring, and the sampling unit connection end are sequentially connected in series.

2. The gas sampling and quantitative module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a first quantitative ring, a second quantitative ring, and a first group of quantitative ring connecting end groups and a second group of quantitative ring connecting end groups of the first quantitative ring and the second quantitative ring, respectively; wherein, when in the injection mode, the air inlet end, the first connecting end of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring, the second connecting end of the first quantitative ring, the first connecting end of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring, the second connecting end of the second quantitative ring, and the air outlet end are connected in sequence.

3. The gas sampling and quantitative module according to claim 2, characterized in that: When in quantitative mode, the first dilution unit connection end, the second connection end of the first quantitative ring, the first quantitative ring, the first connection end of the first quantitative ring, and the first sampling unit connection end are connected in sequence; the second dilution unit connection end, the first connection end of the second quantitative ring, the second quantitative ring, the second connection end of the second quantitative ring, and the second sampling unit connection end are connected in sequence.

4. A sampling system for reactor building atmosphere, characterized in that: include: A gas sampling and quantification unit, comprising a gas sampling and quantification module according to any one of claims 1 to 3; An air intake unit connected to the air intake end, the air intake unit being used to allow the reactor building atmosphere to pass through the containment vessel and enter the sampling system; An exhaust unit connected to the gas outlet, the exhaust unit being used to allow the gas in the sampling system to pass through the containment vessel and be discharged into the reactor building; A sampling unit connected to the sampling unit connection end and the exhaust unit, the sampling unit is used to contain the sample gas to be sampled; A diluent injection unit is connected to the dilution unit connection end and the exhaust unit, and is used to inject diluent into the gas sampling and quantitative unit so that the sampling unit can sample and obtain a diluted sample gas.

5. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sampling unit comprises a retention bottle and a gas dilution bottle, the input end of the retention bottle is connected to the sampling unit connection end, the output end of the retention bottle is connected to the input end of the gas dilution bottle, and the output end of the gas dilution bottle is connected to the exhaust unit.

6. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sampling unit also includes a first switching valve provided with a plurality of valve ports, the dilution bottle includes a first gas dilution bottle and a second gas dilution bottle, the first gas dilution bottle and the second gas dilution bottle have different volumes, the first switching valve is respectively connected to the output end of the retention bottle, the input end of the first gas dilution bottle and the input end of the second gas dilution bottle, the output ends of the first gas dilution bottle and the second gas dilution bottle are both connected to the exhaust unit, and the first switching valve can switch the conduction relationship between the output end of the retention bottle and the input ends of the first gas dilution bottle and the input ends of the second gas dilution bottle.

7. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sampling unit also includes a first gas sampling bottle, and the first switching valve is also connected to the first gas sampling bottle.

8. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The exhaust unit includes an injection module and an exhaust module, the output end of the injection module is connected to the exhaust module, and the input end of the injection module is connected to the gas outlet, the output end of the first gas dilution bottle and the output end of the second gas dilution bottle, wherein the exhaust module is used to allow the gas in the sampling system to pass through the containment and be discharged into the reactor building, and the injection module is used to pressurize the gas to be discharged from the sampling system.

9. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The air intake unit includes an air intake module and a flow control module, wherein the input end of the flow control module is connected to the air intake module, and the output end of the flow control module is connected to the air intake end, wherein the air intake module is used to allow the reactor building atmosphere to pass through the containment vessel into the sampling system, and the flow control module is used to control the flow rate of the gas in the sampling system.

10. The reactor building atmosphere sampling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diluent injection unit includes an inert gas source and a second switching valve, wherein the second switching valve is connected to the inert gas source, the gas inlet end, the dilution unit connection end, and the gas outlet end.

11. A method for sampling the atmosphere of a reactor building, characterized in that: A sampling system for the atmosphere of a reactor building according to any one of claims 4 to 10, comprising: Controlling the multi-way valve to be in the injection mode; Opening the air intake unit and the air exhaust unit to allow the quantitative loop to quantitatively inject the sample gas of the reactor building atmosphere; Closing the air intake unit and controlling the multi-way valve to be in the quantitative mode; Open the diluent injection unit, and blow the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit to dilute and sample the sample gas; The diluent injection unit and the exhaust unit are closed, and a gas sample is obtained from the sampling unit.

12. The method for sampling the reactor building atmosphere according to claim 11, characterized in that: The step of opening the diluent injection unit and blowing the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit to dilute and sample the sample gas comprises: Open the diluent injection unit to blow the sample gas in the quantitative loop into the sampling unit; Using sodium hydroxide solution in the sampling unit to wash and intercept airborne radioactive particles in the sample gas; The sample gas treated with sodium hydroxide solution is diluted and sampled.

13. The method for sampling the reactor building atmosphere according to claim 12, characterized in that: The step of diluting and sampling the sample gas after being treated by the sodium hydroxide solution washing and dissolution technology comprises: According to the online gamma dose rate measurement results, select the gas dilution ratio that can ensure that the radioactivity of the noble gas in the gas sample is lower than the upper limit of the analysis instrument; When the measurement result is greater than a first preset value, dilution sampling is performed using a first gas dilution bottle and a gas sampling bottle; When the measurement result is less than the first preset value and greater than the second preset value, dilution sampling is performed using a second gas dilution bottle and a gas sampling bottle; When the measurement result is less than a second preset value, a gas sampling bottle is used to directly take samples.

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