Power battery pack real-time simulation modeling method capable of adapting to different battery cell numbers

Abstract

The invention discloses a power battery pack real-time simulation modeling method capable of adapting to different battery cell numbers, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a blank power battery pack real-time simulation model which comprises an input interface module, a main body module and an output interface module; obtaining a preset number of single battery core modules, and sequentially placing the single battery core modules into the main body module according to the numbers; wherein the single battery core module comprises an enabling control subunit; obtaining an enabling numerical value vector generation sub-module and a battery pack working condition input sub-module, and putting into an input interface module; the voltage calculation result obtaining sub-module, the temperature calculation result obtaining sub-module and the state estimation result obtaining sub-module are put into the output interface module; acquiring a connection relationship between the data connection sub-module and the corresponding connection relationship, and performing interface connection on the input interface module, the main body module and the output interface module to complete modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack; according to the method, the simulation calculation process of the real-time simulation sub-modules of the battery cell monomers which are not started can be stopped through enabling control, so that calculation resources are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of new energy batteries, and in particular relates to a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy technology, the testing technology of new energy power battery packs is constantly updated. The existing battery pack testing method is usually to establish a real-time simulation model of the power battery pack for BMS (lithium battery new energy vehicle battery management system) semi-physical simulation test, so that testers can develop, maintain and execute the real-time model of the power battery pack physical object required for BMS semi-physical simulation test. In the process, the developed real-time model of the power battery pack physical object can be applied to multiple BMS semi-physical simulation tests adapted to different numbers of battery cells through only one development work, and the key output characteristics of the power battery pack cell level and the whole pack level can be stably simulated and calculated, as well as the inconsistency phenomenon between the supported simulated battery cells. In the prior art, there are generally two methods for establishing a real-time simulation model of the power battery pack for BMS semi-physical simulation test.

[0003] One is to first develop and build a high-precision real-time simulation model of battery cells, so that it can simulate and calculate the output characteristics of the battery cells such as output voltage, state of charge, surface temperature of the battery cells, actual capacity, etc. under different working conditions, and then perform a simple multiplication process on the output characteristics of these battery cells according to the number of battery cells that the actual BMS is adapted to, and then obtain a real-time simulation model of the power battery pack and simulate and calculate the output characteristics of the entire pack level. Although this method can directly modify the multiple of the multiplication process so that the developed real-time simulation model of the power battery pack can be applied to multiple BMS semi-physical simulation tests adapted to different numbers of battery cells, the output characteristics simulated and calculated by the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack developed by this method are all based on the same real-time simulation model of the battery cell, and therefore cannot simulate and calculate the inconsistency between the battery cells.

[0004] Another idea is to first develop and build a high-precision real-time simulation model of the power battery pack, and its internal encapsulation integrates the number of real-time simulation models of battery cells preset by the developer as sub-modules of the real-time simulation model of the battery pack. Each sub-module independently simulates and calculates the output characteristics of the battery cell under different working conditions, such as output voltage, state of charge, surface temperature of the battery cell, actual capacity, etc., and then simply accumulates the output characteristics of the whole pack level through series and parallel connection. The real-time simulation model of the power battery pack developed by this method supports the inconsistency phenomenon between simulated battery cells (because each battery cell simulation model is independent of each other). At the same time, as long as the number of BMS-adapted batteries is less than or equal to the number of battery cell sub-modules preset by the developer, the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack can be applied to the semi-physical simulation test of multiple BMS. However, the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack developed by this method is prone to waste the computing power of the semi-physical simulation hardware equipment when running - even if the number of BMS-adapted batteries tested is only half of the number of battery cell sub-modules preset by the developer, this real-time simulation model of the power battery pack will execute and simulate all battery cell sub-modules. Redundant simulation calculation results are not used, resulting in reduced operating efficiency of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a modeling method that can simulate the inconsistency between battery cells, avoid waste of computing power, and can be applied to multiple BMS semi-physical simulation tests adapted to different numbers of battery cells to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells, which is used to achieve a modeling method that can simulate the inconsistency between battery cells and avoid waste of computing power, and can be applied to multiple BMS semi-physical simulation test work that adapts to different numbers of battery cells.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack adaptable to different numbers of battery cells, comprising:

[0009] Construct a real-time simulation model of a blank power battery pack, including an input interface module, a main body module, and an output interface module;

[0010] Obtain N number of single cell submodules, and place them into the main module in sequence according to the numbers; wherein the single cell submodule includes an enabling control subunit;

[0011] Obtain the enable numerical vector generation submodule and the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and place them into the input interface module;

[0012] Obtain the voltage calculation result submodule, the temperature calculation result submodule and the state estimation result submodule, and place them into the output interface module;

[0013] Obtain the data connection submodule and the corresponding connection relationship, perform interface connection on the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module, and complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack.

[0014] Further, a preset number of single cell submodules are obtained and placed into the main module in sequence according to the numbers, including:

[0015] According to the layout positions of the real-time simulation sub-models of the battery cells N in the main module, the corresponding number of N single-cell battery sub-modules are obtained, and the single-cell battery sub-modules are placed in the main module in sequence according to the numbers;

[0016] Among them, the single cell submodule includes an input interface unit, a main unit and an output interface unit;

[0017] The input interface unit includes an enable flag subunit and a monomer operating condition input subunit;

[0018] The main unit includes an enabling control subunit and a working condition data processing subunit;

[0019] The output interface unit includes an operating condition data output subunit.

[0020] Further, enabling the numerical vector generation submodule to perform the following operations:

[0021] Obtain activation instructions for μ single cells input by the user;

[0022] Generate and initialize an enabling control numerical vector ψ of length μ and input it into the main module;

[0023] The control value vector ψ is a one-dimensional vector and satisfies ψ=(θ1,θ2,θ3,…,θ N ) T ;

[0024] Where μ is a positive integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N, θ1, θ2, θ3, …, θ N They correspond to the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 1, the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 2, and up to the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered N, and the enable flag bit is 0 or 1.

[0025] Furthermore, the battery pack operating condition input submodule performs the following operations:

[0026] Obtain the battery pack operating condition test data input by the user and input it into the main module.

[0027] Further, the data connection submodule and the corresponding connection relationship are obtained, the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module are interfaced, and the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack is completed, including:

[0028] Get the data connection submodule, including the vector element reading unit, the battery pack operating condition calculation unit and the battery cell calculation result integration unit, and place them into the main module;

[0029] Wherein, the input interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the output interface of the enable numerical vector generation submodule, and the output interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the input interface of the enable flag subunit;

[0030] The output interface of the enable flag subunit is connected to the input interface of the enable control subunit;

[0031] The input interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the output interface of the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and the output interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the input interface of the single cell operating condition input subunit;

[0032] The output interface of the single working condition input subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data processing subunit;

[0033] The output interface of the working condition data processing subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data output subunit;

[0034] The input interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the output interface of the working condition data output sub-unit, and the output interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the input interface of the output interface module to complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] The present invention proposes a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells. The method utilizes the addition of a work enable control function in a battery cell submodule, and the enable flag bit input from the outside is used to control the working state of each battery cell submodule. Such enable flag bit data is encapsulated in a numerical vector dedicated to the work enable control of the battery cell, and each element in the vector corresponds to the enable flag bit of a battery cell submodule. Developers need to embed a control module that can modify and edit the numerical vector in real time in the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack, and then create and edit the numerical vector dedicated to the work enable control of the battery cell through the module, and finally link each element in the numerical vector to each battery cell submodule. Thereafter, developers only need to operate the control module to achieve work control of any battery cell submodule.

[0037] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art to some extent, or they may be taught from the practice of the present invention. The purposes and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method flow of a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a real-time simulation model of a power battery pack in a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention proposes a real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells, including:

[0044] Step 1: construct a real-time simulation model of a blank power battery pack, including an input interface module, a main body module and an output interface module;

[0045] Step 2: Obtain N number of single cell submodules, and place them into the main module in sequence according to the numbers; wherein the single cell submodule includes an enabling control subunit;

[0046] Step 3: Obtain the enabled numerical vector generation submodule and the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and place them into the input interface module;

[0047] Step 4: Obtain the voltage calculation result submodule, the temperature calculation result submodule and the state estimation result submodule, and place them into the output interface module;

[0048] Step 5: Obtain the connection relationship between the data connection submodule and the corresponding one, perform interface connection on the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module, and complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack;

[0049] Obtain a preset number of single cell submodules and place them into the main module in sequence according to the numbers, including:

[0050] According to the layout positions of the real-time simulation sub-models of the battery cells N in the main module, the corresponding number of N single-cell battery sub-modules are obtained, and the single-cell battery sub-modules are placed in the main module in sequence according to the numbers;

[0051] Among them, the single cell submodule includes an input interface unit, a main unit and an output interface unit;

[0052] The input interface unit includes an enable flag subunit and a monomer operating condition input subunit;

[0053] The main unit includes an enabling control subunit and a working condition data processing subunit;

[0054] The output interface unit includes a working condition data output subunit;

[0055] Enabling the numerical vector generation submodule includes the following operations:

[0056] Obtain activation instructions for μ single cells input by the user;

[0057] Generate and initialize an enabling control numerical vector ψ of length μ and input it into the main module;

[0058] The control value vector ψ is a one-dimensional vector and satisfies ψ=(θ1,θ2,θ3,…,θ N ) T ;

[0059] Where μ is a positive integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N, θ1, θ2, θ3, …, θ N The enable flag bits respectively correspond to the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 1, the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 2, and the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered N, and the enable flag bit is 0 or 1;

[0060] The battery pack operating condition input submodule performs the following operations:

[0061] Obtain the battery pack operating condition test data input by the user and input it into the main module;

[0062] Obtain the data connection submodule and the corresponding connection relationship, connect the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module, and complete the real-time simulation modeling of the power battery pack, including:

[0063] Get the data connection submodule, including the vector element reading unit, the battery pack operating condition calculation unit and the battery cell calculation result integration unit, and place them into the main module;

[0064] Wherein, the input interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the output interface of the enable numerical vector generation submodule, and the output interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the input interface of the enable flag subunit;

[0065] The output interface of the enable flag subunit is connected to the input interface of the enable control subunit;

[0066] The input interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the output interface of the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and the output interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the input interface of the single cell operating condition input subunit;

[0067] The output interface of the single working condition input subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data processing subunit;

[0068] The output interface of the working condition data processing subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data output subunit;

[0069] The input interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the output interface of the working condition data output subunit, and the output interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the input interface of the output interface module to complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack;

[0070] The working principle of the above technical solution is: the developer presets a number N of battery cells that can meet most BMS semi-physical simulation tests, and Figure 2 Determine the topology of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack;

[0071] In this topology, since each cell real-time simulation model submodule has independent input and output interfaces and main parts, under different cell operating conditions, these submodules can independently calculate specific parameters including but not limited to their own voltage, temperature and state parameters, thereby meeting the simulation calculation requirements of inconsistencies between cell units.

[0072] exist Figure 2 The input interface of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack shown in the figure creates a numerical vector generation module. The function of this module is to generate and initialize an enable control numerical vector ψ of length N. The vector is a one-dimensional vector that satisfies: ψ=(θ1,θ2,θ3,…,θ N ) T ;

[0073] Where μ is a positive integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N, θ1, θ2, θ3, …, θ NThe enable flag bits corresponding to the single cell submodule numbered 1, the single cell submodule numbered 2, and the single cell submodule numbered N respectively, the enable flag bits are 0 or 1, and the enable flag bits only use the values ​​0 and 1 to indicate the enable state, the value 0 indicates turning off the submodule, and the value 1 indicates turning on the submodule;

[0074] It is worth noting that the created numerical vector generation module also needs to meet the following logic to ensure the normal operation of the entire power battery pack real-time simulation model, which is described in MATLAB script language:

[0075] 1.Function Psi=BatCellEnable(NumofActiveCell)

[0076] 2.NumofActiveCell=uint32(floor(NumofActiveCell));

[0077] 3. Psi = zeros(220,1);

[0078] 4.if NumofActiveCell>N

[0079] 5.NumofActiveCell = N;

[0080] 6.end

[0081] 7.if NumofActiveCell>0

[0082] 8.for i=1:NumofActiveCell

[0083] 9. Psi(i) = 1;

[0084] 10.end

[0085] 11.end

[0086] 12.end

[0087] Among them, NumofActiveCell is a user input variable, which means the number of cell monomer submodules that the developer wants to enable in the subsequent use of the power battery pack real-time simulation model. The variable data type is an unsigned integer, and its valid value range is 0 to N. If the value of NumofActiveCell is greater than N, the numerical vector generation module will be automatically limited to N;

[0088] exist Figure 2Add a vector reading module to the main part of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack shown. The function of this module is to sequentially read each element of the enable control numerical vector ψ, and link the numerical value of the read vector element to the enable flag input interface of the real-time simulation model sub-module of the corresponding battery cell. For example, the first element θ1 in the vector ψ needs to be linked to the enable flag input interface of the real-time simulation model sub-module of the first battery cell.

[0089] In Figure 2 Add an enable control module to the main part of the real-time simulation model sub-module of the battery cell shown. The function of this module is to determine whether to execute or stop the simulation calculation process of the battery cell according to the enable identification value received by the real-time simulation model of the battery cell. When the enable flag received by this module is the numerical value 1, it executes simulation calculation functions including but not limited to battery cell voltage, temperature, state estimation, etc. When the received value is 0, it stops executing all simulation calculation functions, and sets all the output values of the current real-time simulation model of the battery cell to 0. Through the above technical solution, the simulation calculation process of the real-time simulation sub-module of the unactivated battery cell is stopped, thereby saving computing resources and improving the overall operation efficiency of the model code.

[0090] It should be noted that developers supplement the main parts of the real-time simulation model sub-module of the battery cell and the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack according to their own needs, and compile the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack into model code that can be supported by the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test system.

[0091] In addition, when running the model code of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack in the hardware-in-the-loop simulation test system, the user modifies the NumofActiveCell user input variable according to their own needs. Let the value of NumofActiveCell be μ. When μ < N, the enable control numerical vector ψ created by the numerical vector generation module will have the following structure:

[0092] ψ = (θ1, θ2, θ3, …, θ μ , 0, 0, 0, …, 0) T

[0093] At this time, the first μ battery cells real-time simulation model submodules in the power battery pack real-time simulation model will receive an enable flag with a value of 1, that is, the simulation calculation process of the first μ battery cells will be executed, and the subsequent N-μ battery cells real-time simulation submodules will stop the corresponding simulation calculation process because they receive an enable flag with a digit of 0; the size of μ can be arbitrarily selected between 0 and N, that is, the power battery pack real-time simulation model can be applied to the BMS semi-physical simulation test work equipped with [μ, N] battery cells, achieving the effect of one-time development and multiple reuse; at the same time, the subsequent N-μ unenabled battery cells real-time simulation submodules will release corresponding computing resources because they do not execute the simulation calculation function, thereby improving the overall operation efficiency of the power battery pack real-time simulation model;

[0094] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: by adopting a parallel cell real-time simulation sub-module topology architecture, the simulation calculation process of each cell is isolated, and the simulation function of the inconsistency phenomenon between cell units is realized under given different cell operating input conditions; by adding an enabling control function to the simulation model at the cell level and adding an enabling control numerical vector generation module to the simulation model at the whole pack level, the functional feature of the power battery pack real-time simulation model being compiled once and applied to multiple BMS semi-physical simulation tests equipped with different numbers of cell units is realized, and at the same time, the simulation calculation process of the cell real-time simulation sub-module that is not enabled can be stopped, thereby saving computing resources and improving the overall operating efficiency of the model code.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack that can adapt to different numbers of battery cells, characterized in that: include: Construct a real-time simulation model of a blank power battery pack, including an input interface module, a main body module, and an output interface module; Obtain N number of single cell submodules, and place them into the main module in sequence according to the numbers; wherein the single cell submodule includes an enabling control subunit; Obtain the enable numerical vector generation submodule and the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and place them into the input interface module; Obtain the voltage calculation result submodule, the temperature calculation result submodule and the state estimation result submodule, and place them into the output interface module; Obtain the data connection submodule and the corresponding connection relationship, perform interface connection on the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module, and complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack.

2. A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack adaptable to different numbers of battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain a preset number of single cell submodules and place them into the main module in sequence according to the numbers, including: According to the layout positions of the real-time simulation sub-models of the battery cells N in the main module, the corresponding number of N single-cell battery sub-modules are obtained, and the single-cell battery sub-modules are placed in the main module in sequence according to the numbers; Among them, the single cell submodule includes an input interface unit, a main unit and an output interface unit; The input interface unit includes an enable flag subunit and a monomer operating condition input subunit; The main unit includes an enabling control subunit and a working condition data processing subunit; The output interface unit includes an operating condition data output subunit.

3. A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack adaptable to different numbers of battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: Enabling the numerical vector generation submodule includes the following operations: Obtain activation instructions for μ single cells input by the user; Generate and initialize an enabling control numerical vector ψ of length μ and input it into the main module; The enabling control value vector ψ is a one-dimensional vector and satisfies ψ = (θ1, θ2, θ3, ..., θ N ) T ; Wherein, μ is a positive integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N, θ1, θ2, θ3, …, θ N They correspond to the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 1, the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered 2, and up to the enable flag bit of the single cell submodule numbered N, and the enable flag bit is 0 or 1.

4. A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack adaptable to different numbers of battery cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack operating condition input submodule performs the following operations: Obtain the battery pack operating condition test data input by the user and input it into the main module.

5. A real-time simulation modeling method for a power battery pack adaptable to different numbers of battery cells according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Obtain the data connection submodule and the corresponding connection relationship, connect the input interface module, the main module and the output interface module, and complete the real-time simulation modeling of the power battery pack, including: Get the data connection submodule, including the vector element reading unit, the battery pack operating condition calculation unit and the battery cell calculation result integration unit, and place them into the main module; Wherein, the input interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the output interface of the enable numerical vector generation submodule, and the output interface of the vector element reading unit is connected to the input interface of the enable flag subunit; The output interface of the enable flag subunit is connected to the input interface of the enable control subunit; The input interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the output interface of the battery pack operating condition input submodule, and the output interface of the battery pack operating condition calculation unit is connected to the input interface of the single cell operating condition input subunit; The output interface of the single working condition input subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data processing subunit; The output interface of the working condition data processing subunit is connected to the input interface of the working condition data output subunit; The input interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the output interface of the working condition data output sub-unit, and the output interface of the battery cell calculation result integration unit is connected to the input interface of the output interface module to complete the modeling of the real-time simulation model of the power battery pack.

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