Method and system for calculating cost per kilowatt-hour of energy storage system based on full life cycle

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage system cost per kilowatt-hour calculation method and system based on a full life cycle, and relates to the technical field of energy storage cost analysis, and the specific scheme comprises the steps: obtaining the cost data of a to-be-evaluated energy storage system; inputting the cost data into a kilowatt-hour cost calculation model to obtain kilowatt-hour cost; wherein the kilowatt-hour cost calculation model is constructed based on the cost of each stage of the whole life cycle, and the cost estimation formula of each stage is obtained through a multiple linear regression method according to a historical data set; according to the method, all links of the whole life cycle are fully considered, the kilowatt-hour analysis model is established on the basis of fully applying existing data, the method can be rapidly and efficiently applied to kilowatt-hour cost evaluation of various stored energy, and the method has high estimation precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage cost analysis, and in particular, relates to a method and system for calculating the kilowatt-hour cost of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Energy storage, with its chargeable and dischargeable operating characteristics, can effectively alleviate the impact of output uncertainty of wind power, photovoltaic power and other sources on the power system, and plays an important role in regulating peak-to-valley differences and promoting the consumption of new energy. In particular, new energy storage, as an important technology and basic equipment supporting new power systems, is of great significance in promoting green energy transformation, responding to extreme events, ensuring energy security, promoting high-quality energy development, and supporting the realization of climate change goals. As new energy storage enters the stage of large-scale development from the initial stage of commercialization, it is increasingly equipped for large-scale commercial applications.

[0004] Common energy storage technologies include pumped storage, compressed air storage, lithium-ion battery storage, lead-acid battery storage, flow battery storage, supercapacitor storage, superconducting energy storage, etc. Cost is the primary factor that determines the promotion and application of various energy storage technologies; therefore, establishing a reasonable and effective energy storage cost analysis method is of great significance to promoting the application of various energy storage technologies.

[0005] The levelized cost per kilowatt-hour is widely used internationally to compare the costs of various energy storage technologies. The levelized cost per kilowatt-hour is to level the cost and power generation over the entire life cycle of the project, and then calculate the power generation cost per kilowatt-hour, that is, the present value of the cost over the entire life cycle divided by the present value of power generation over the entire life cycle. However, the existing energy storage kilowatt-hour analysis methods or models have the following main problems:

[0006] First, it is limited to the cost estimation of one or several types of energy storage and cannot cover the cost estimation of all types of energy storage, so the model has poor versatility;

[0007] Second, the full life cycle cost of energy storage generally includes initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, replacement cost, charging cost, recycling cost, policy subsidies, labor cost, etc., which are often not comprehensive in previous analyses;

[0008] Third, the cost analysis model constructed is relatively cumbersome, requiring the collection of many parameters during application, and is not fast and efficient enough;

[0009] Therefore, the existing energy storage cost per kilowatt-hour analysis is insufficient in terms of comprehensiveness, accuracy, speed and efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle, which fully considers all aspects of the entire life cycle and establishes a kilowatt-hour analysis model based on the full application of existing data. It can not only be quickly and efficiently applied to the cost per kilowatt-hour evaluation of various energy storages, but also has a high estimation accuracy.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0012] A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle.

[0013] A method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle, including:

[0014] Obtain cost data for the energy storage system to be evaluated;

[0015] Input the cost data into the electricity cost calculation model to obtain the electricity cost;

[0016] The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formulas for each stage are obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

[0017] Furthermore, the cost data includes rated power, rated capacity, unit price of electricity purchase, amount of subsidy per kilowatt-hour, and subsidy cap.

[0018] Furthermore, the costs at each stage include initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, replacement cost, charging cost, recycling cost, policy subsidies, and labor cost.

[0019] Furthermore, the electricity cost calculation model is expressed as follows:

[0020] C Total =C Inv +C OM +C Rep +C Pel +C Col +C Labor +C Pol

[0021]

[0022] Among them, C Totak is the total cost, C Inv is the initial investment cost, C OM is the operation and maintenance cost, C Rep is the replacement cost, C Pel is the charging cost, C ColTo recover the cost, C Pol For policy subsidies, C Labor is the labor cost, C is the electricity cost, E is D For power generation.

[0023] Furthermore, the historical data set is collected through public literature and field research methods, including multi-dimensional data such as energy storage rated power, rated capacity, initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, recovery cost, replacement cost, power generation, energy storage efficiency, total number of employees, and labor cost.

[0024] Furthermore, the estimation formula of the labor cost is:

[0025] C Labor =C H ·N

[0026] N=K P ·W P +K E Q E

[0027] Among them, C H is the per capita cost, N is the total number of employees, W P , Q E are rated power and rated capacity respectively, K P , K E They are the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit power and the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit capacity respectively.

[0028] Furthermore, the estimation formula of the policy subsidy is:

[0029] C pol =MAX(C Pok_max ,E D ·C S )

[0030] E D =T1·W P ·η

[0031] Among them, C Pol_max is the maximum subsidy limit, C S is the subsidy amount per unit of electricity generation, E D is the power generation, T1 is the average working time of the life cycle, η is the average efficiency of energy storage, W P is the rated power.

[0032] A second aspect of the present invention provides a system for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle.

[0033] A system for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of energy storage system based on the entire life cycle, comprising:

[0034] The data acquisition module is configured to: acquire cost data of the energy storage system to be evaluated;

[0035] The cost calculation module is configured to: input the cost data into the kilowatt-hour cost calculation model to obtain the kilowatt-hour cost;

[0036] The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formulas for each stage are obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

[0037] A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0038] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps in a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0039] One or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. Applying the cost data of energy storage systems in recent years, a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of energy storage systems based on the entire life cycle is provided to give full play to the application value of existing data;

[0041] 2. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity provided by the present invention fully considers various costs such as initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, replacement cost, charging cost, recycling cost, policy subsidies, and labor cost, with comprehensive cost coverage and high credibility;

[0042] 3. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity provided by the present invention is applicable to various energy storage systems and has good versatility;

[0043] 4. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity in the whole life cycle provided by the present invention, after completing the establishment of the model, only needs to provide five parameters such as the rated power, rated capacity, unit price of electricity purchase, amount of subsidy per kilowatt-hour, and upper limit of subsidy of the energy storage system to be built, so as to complete the calculation of the cost per kilowatt-hour of electricity, which is simple, fast and efficient.

[0044] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method of the first embodiment.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a method framework diagram of the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle is provided. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0052] Step S1: Obtain cost data of the energy storage system to be evaluated;

[0053] Furthermore, the cost data includes rated power, rated capacity, unit price of electricity purchase, amount of subsidy per kilowatt-hour, and subsidy cap.

[0054] Step S2: inputting the cost data into the electricity cost calculation model to obtain the electricity cost;

[0055] The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formulas for each stage are obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

[0056] Furthermore, the costs at each stage include initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, replacement cost, charging cost, recycling cost, policy subsidies, and labor cost.

[0057] Furthermore, the electricity cost calculation model is expressed as follows:

[0058] C Total =C Inv +C OM +C Rep +C Pel +C Col +C Labor +C Pol

[0059]

[0060] Among them, C Total is the total cost, C Inv is the initial investment cost, C OM is the operation and maintenance cost, C Rep is the replacement cost, C Pel is the charging cost, C C0l To recover the cost, C Pol For policy subsidies, C Labor is the labor cost, C is the electricity cost, E is D For power generation.

[0061] Furthermore, the historical data set is collected through public literature and field research methods, including multi-dimensional data such as energy storage rated power, rated capacity, initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, recovery cost, replacement cost, power generation, energy storage efficiency, total number of employees, and labor cost.

[0062] Furthermore, the estimation formula of the labor cost is:

[0063] C Labor =C H ·N

[0064] N=K P ·W P +L E Q E

[0065] Among them, C H is the per capita cost, N is the total number of employees, W P , Q E are rated power and rated capacity respectively, K P , K E They are the number of O&M personnel required per unit power and the number of O&M personnel required per unit capacity respectively.

[0066] Furthermore, the estimation formula of the policy subsidy is:

[0067] C pol =MAX(C Pol_max ,E D ·C S )

[0068] E D =T1·W P ·η

[0069] Among them, C Pol_max is the maximum subsidy limit, C S is the subsidy amount per unit of electricity generation, E D is the power generation, T1 is the average working time of the life cycle, η is the average efficiency of energy storage, W P is the rated power.

[0070] The following is a detailed description of the implementation process of a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle in this embodiment.

[0071] A method for calculating the cost per kWh of energy storage systems based on the entire life cycle is proposed. Based on the decomposition of the cost of the energy storage system throughout its life cycle and combined with the existing energy storage system cost data in recent years, the relevant cost estimation parameters are solved and the relationship is further reorganized to complete the establishment of the model. This method can be used to evaluate the cost per kWh of a newly built energy storage system, such as Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes two stages: one is the establishment of the energy storage electricity cost calculation model; the other is the application of the energy storage electricity cost calculation model. This embodiment takes the lithium iron phosphate electrochemical energy storage system as an example to elaborate on the specific implementation process and steps:

[0072] 1. Establishment Phase

[0073] It mainly includes four steps: energy storage system data collection, data preprocessing, cost decomposition and parameter solution, and model establishment.

[0074] Step 1: Energy storage cost data collection:

[0075] In recent years, with the construction of large-scale energy storage projects, a wealth of energy storage system cost data has been accumulated. These cost data can be used to evaluate the cost per kilowatt-hour of new energy storage projects throughout their life cycle. In this embodiment, cost data of 12 sets of lithium iron phosphate electrochemical energy storage systems in the past three years have been accumulated through public literature and field research. Each set of data includes multi-dimensional information such as its energy storage rated power, rated capacity, initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, recovery cost, replacement cost, power generation, energy storage efficiency, total number of employees, and labor cost.

[0076] Step 2: Data preprocessing:

[0077] The collected cost data are organized into a structured data matrix to facilitate the application of parameters in step 3.

[0078] Specifically, the above data are organized into matrix form, including rated power matrix W, rated capacity matrix Q, initial investment cost matrix C1, operation and maintenance cost matrix C2, replacement cost matrix C3, recovery cost matrix C4, power generation matrix Q, energy storage efficiency matrix H, total number of employees matrix N, labor cost matrix C5, etc.; each matrix contains 12 rows, and the data in the 1st to 12th rows are the data corresponding to the 1st to 12th systems respectively.

[0079] Step 3: Parameter solution:

[0080] The full life cycle cost of the energy storage system is decomposed into the initial investment cost C Inv , Operation and maintenance cost C OM , replacement cost C Rep 、Charging cost C Pel , Recovery cost C Col , Human cost C Labor 、Policy Subsidy C Pol And so on 7 parts, and apply the data matrix in step 2 to complete the solution of relevant parameters in the cost estimation formula of each part.

[0081] Step 1-3-1. Calculation of initial investment cost parameters: Calculate the unit power investment cost C P , investment cost per unit capacity C E .

[0082] The initial investment cost is closely related to the rated power and rated capacity of the energy storage system. The relationship is shown in formula (1), where C P is the unit power investment cost; W P is the energy storage rated power; C E is the unit capacity investment cost; Q E is the rated capacity of energy storage.

[0083] C Inv =C P ·W P +C E Q E (1)

[0084] The rated power matrix W, rated capacity matrix Q, and initial investment cost matrix C1 in step 2 satisfy the above relationship. The parameter C is obtained by the multivariate linear regression algorithm. P , C E .

[0085] Step 1-3-2, operation and maintenance cost parameter calculation: Calculate the parameter operation and maintenance cost coefficient μ1.

[0086] The operation and maintenance cost can be estimated using the initial investment cost, as shown in equation (2):

[0087] CoM =μ1·C Inv (2)

[0088] The operation and maintenance cost matrix C2 in step 2 and the initial investment cost matrix C1 satisfy the above relationship. Substitute the 12 elements in the matrices C2 and C1 into formula (2) one by one to obtain the values ​​of 12 μ1 to form the sequence S1, that is, S1 = [μ 1_1 ,μ 1_2 ,μ 1_3 ,...μ 1_12 ].

[0089] Find the mean value m1 and standard deviation std1 of sequence S1, and remove the sequences S1 that do not meet the condition |μ 1_i -The elements with the value of m1|<2*std1(1≤i≤12) are eliminated, and the average value of the remaining elements of S1 is calculated as the value of the operation and maintenance cost coefficient μ1.

[0090] Step 1-3-3, replacement cost parameter calculation: calculate parameter replacement cost coefficient μ2.

[0091] The replacement cost can also be estimated using the initial investment cost, and the relationship is as follows:

[0092] C Rep =μ2·C Inv (3)

[0093] The replacement cost matrix C3 in step 2 satisfies the above relationship with the initial investment cost matrix C1. Substitute the 12 elements in the matrices C3 and C1 into formula (3) one by one to obtain 12 values ​​of μ2, forming a sequence S2, that is, S2 = [μ 2_1 ,μ 2_2 ,μ 2_3 ,...μ 2_12 ].

[0094] Find the mean value m2 and standard deviation std2 of the sequence, and remove the sequences S2 that do not meet the condition |μ 2_i -The elements with the value of m2|<2*std2(1≤i≤12) are eliminated, and the average value of the remaining elements of S2 is calculated as the value of the replacement cost coefficient μ2.

[0095] Step 1-3-4, recovery cost parameter calculation: Calculate the recovery cost coefficient μ3.

[0096] The recovery cost can also be estimated using the initial investment cost, as shown in equation (4):

[0097] C Col =μ3·C Inv (4)

[0098] The recovery cost matrix C4 in step 2 and the initial investment cost matrix C1 satisfy the above relationship. Substitute the 12 elements in the matrices C4 and C1 into formula (3) one by one to obtain 12 values ​​of μ3 to form a sequence S3, that is, S3 = [μ 3_1 ,μ 3_2 ,μ 3_3 ,...μ 3_12 ].

[0099] Find the mean value m3 and standard deviation std3 of the sequence, and remove the sequences S3 that do not meet the condition |μ 3_i -The elements with the value of m3|<2*std3(1≤i≤12) are eliminated, and the average value of the remaining elements of S3 is calculated as the value of the recovery cost coefficient μ3.

[0100] Step 1-3-5, Calculation of charging cost parameters: Calculate the average efficiency η of energy storage and the average working time T1 of the life cycle.

[0101] Charging cost refers to all the costs required for charging the energy storage system during its entire life cycle. It is the product of the unit price of electricity purchased and the amount of electricity purchased. The amount of electricity purchased can be calculated based on the rated power and working time. The relationship is shown in formulas (5)-(6):

[0102] C Pel =C el ·W P ·T1 (5)

[0103] E D =T1·W P ·η (6)

[0104] Among them, C el is the electricity purchase cost, which is a known variable; E D The power generation of the energy storage system throughout its life cycle.

[0105] Arrange the elements in the energy storage efficiency matrix H in ascending order, remove the first 20% of the data and the last 20% of the data (remove the data by rounding off), that is, remove the 2 maximum values ​​and the 2 minimum values ​​from the 12 data, and calculate the average value of the remaining elements as the average efficiency η of the lithium iron phosphate electrochemical energy storage system.

[0106] The corresponding elements in the power generation matrix Q, energy storage efficiency matrix H, and power matrix W in step 2 satisfy formula (6). Substituting their elements into formula (6), 12 T1s can be obtained to form a sequence S3, that is, S3 = [T 1_1 ,T 1_2 ,T 1_3 ,...T 1_12 ].

[0107] From sequence S3, remove 20% of the high values ​​and 20% of the low values ​​(round off the data), that is, remove the 2 highest values ​​and 2 lowest values, and calculate the average value of the remaining elements as the full life cycle working time T1 of the energy storage system.

[0108] Step 1-3-6, Calculation of labor cost parameters: Calculate the system life cycle per capita cost C H , the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit power K P , the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit capacity K E .

[0109] The labor cost of the energy storage system depends on the number of operators and the per capita cost, while the number of operators depends on the scale of the energy storage system, that is, the rated capacity and rated power of the energy storage. The corresponding relationship is shown in equations (7)-(8):

[0110] C Labir =C H ·N (7)

[0111] N=K P ·W P +K E Q E (8)

[0112] The rated power matrix W, rated capacity matrix Q, and total number of employees matrix N in step 2 satisfy equation (8). The multivariate linear regression algorithm is used to obtain the parameter K P , K E .

[0113] The total number of employees matrix N and the human cost matrix C5 satisfy the relationship (7). Substituting the corresponding elements into formula (7), we can obtain 12 C H values, forming a sequence S4, that is, S4 = [C H_1 ,C H_2 ,C H_3 ,...C H_12 ].

[0114] From sequence S4, remove 20% of the high values ​​and 20% of the low values ​​(round off to the nearest integer) and calculate the average value of the remaining elements as the system life cycle per capita cost C H .

[0115] Step 1-3-7, Calculation of policy subsidy parameters: Calculation of the full life cycle power generation E D .

[0116] According to relevant policies, the energy storage system subsidy depends on the power generation E D , see formula (9), the actual subsidy amount is shown in formula (10). Since the policy subsidy is a subsidy from the relevant government departments to the energy storage contractor, it should actually be a negative cost:

[0117] E D =T1·W P ·η (9)

[0118] C pol =MAX(C Pol_max ,E D ·C S ) (10)

[0119] In formula (9), W P are known variables. Parameters T1 and η have been obtained in step 1-3-5. Therefore, the power generation E D It can be directly calculated by formula (9), and C in formula (10) S is the policy subsidy amount, C Pol_max is the maximum subsidy limit, C S The subsidy amount per unit of electricity generation.

[0120] Step 4. Model building:

[0121] Substitute the solved parameters into the full life cycle electricity cost formula to complete the model establishment. The full life cycle electricity cost formula is specifically:

[0122] C Total =C inv +C OM +C Rep +C Pel +C Col +C Labor +C Pol (11)

[0123]

[0124] Among them, C is the cost per kilowatt-hour, C Total is the total cost, C Inv is the initial investment cost, C OM is the operation and maintenance cost, C Rep is the replacement cost, C Pel is the charging cost, C Col To recover the cost, C Pol For policy subsidies, C Labor is the labor cost, E D For power generation.

[0125] 2. Application Phase

[0126] It mainly includes two stages: data collection and model application.

[0127] Step 1: Data collection:

[0128] Collect data such as the rated power, rated capacity, unit price of electricity, amount of subsidy per kilowatt-hour, and subsidy ceiling of the energy storage system to be evaluated.

[0129] Step 2: Model application:

[0130] Input the above data into the model, that is, substitute it into formulas (1)-(12), and obtain the cost per kilowatt-hour C.

[0131] In this embodiment, the parameters of a certain energy storage system to be evaluated are rated power of 50MW, rated capacity of 200MW·H, and average unit price of electricity purchase of about 0.29 yuan / (KW·H). Combined with the energy storage subsidy policy of a certain province, the cost per kilowatt-hour is about 0.532 yuan / (KW·H), which is highly consistent with the known cost per kilowatt-hour of 0.538 yuan / (KW·H), and the estimation accuracy is about 98.9%.

[0132] Embodiment 2

[0133] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle is provided, including:

[0134] The data acquisition module is configured to: acquire cost data of the energy storage system to be evaluated;

[0135] The cost calculation module is configured to: input the cost data into the kilowatt-hour cost calculation model to obtain the kilowatt-hour cost;

[0136] The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formulas for each stage are obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

[0137] Embodiment 3

[0138] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0139] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as described in the first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0140] Embodiment 4

[0141] The purpose of this embodiment is to provide an electronic device.

[0142] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps in a method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as described in Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure are implemented.

[0143] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of energy storage system based on the whole life cycle, characterized in that: include: Obtain cost data for the energy storage system to be evaluated; Input the cost data into the electricity cost calculation model to obtain the electricity cost; The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formula for each stage is obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

2. A method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cost data include rated power, rated capacity, unit price of electricity purchase, amount of subsidy per kilowatt-hour, and subsidy cap.

3. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The costs at each stage include initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, replacement cost, charging cost, recycling cost, policy subsidies, and labor cost.

4. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electricity cost calculation model is expressed as follows: C Total =C Inv +C OM +C Rep +C Pel +C Col +C Labor +C Pol Among them, C Total is the total cost, C Inv is the initial investment cost, C OM is the operation and maintenance cost, C Rep is the replacement cost, C Pel is the charging cost, C Col To recover the cost, C Pol For policy subsidies, C Labor is the labor cost, C is the electricity cost, E is D For power generation.

5. The method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The historical data set is collected through public literature and field research, and includes multi-dimensional data on energy storage rated power, rated capacity, initial investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, recovery cost, replacement cost, power generation, energy storage efficiency, total number of employees, and labor cost.

6. A method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The estimated formula for the labor cost is: C Labor =C H ·N N=K P ·W P +K E ·Q E Among them, C H is the per capita cost, N is the total number of employees, W P , Q E are rated power and rated capacity respectively, K P , K E They are the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit power and the number of operation and maintenance personnel required per unit capacity respectively.

7. A method for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of an energy storage system based on the entire life cycle as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The estimation formula for the policy subsidy is: C pol =MAX(C Pol_max ,E D ·C S ) From D =T1·W P ·η Among them, C Pol_max is the maximum subsidy limit, C S is the subsidy amount per unit of electricity generation, E D is the power generation, T1 is the average working time of the life cycle, η is the average efficiency of energy storage, W P is the rated power.

8. A system for calculating the cost per kilowatt-hour of energy storage system based on the whole life cycle, characterized in that: include: The data acquisition module is configured to: acquire cost data of the energy storage system to be evaluated; The cost calculation module is configured to: input the cost data into the kilowatt-hour cost calculation model to obtain the kilowatt-hour cost; The cost calculation model for each kilowatt-hour is constructed based on the costs of each stage of the entire life cycle, and the cost estimation formula for each stage is obtained by a multivariate linear regression method based on historical data sets.

9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory for non-transitory storage of computer readable instructions; a processor for executing the computer-readable instructions; Wherein, when the computer-readable instructions are executed by the processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is executed.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable instructions are non-transitorily stored, wherein when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a computer, the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 is performed.

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