Combined heat and power system and method

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a kind of cogeneration system and method.The system includes: fuel cell module, for receiving combustion-supporting reactant, and when discharging by combustion-supporting reactant, produce fuel medium;Combustion processing module, for carrying out combustion processing to fuel medium, obtain preheating medium;Preheating processing module, for according to preheating medium, preheating processing is carried out to the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated, obtain combustion-supporting reactant and preheated medium;First heat exchange module, for according to target preheating medium, first heat exchange carrier is carried out heat exchange processing, obtain first heat exchange carrier, to carry out first heating processing to the heat network system transmission heat network backwater, obtain target heat network backwater;Second heat exchange module, for according to preheated medium, second heat exchange carrier is carried out heat exchange processing, obtain third heat exchange carrier, to carry out second heating processing to target heat network backwater, obtain heat network supply water.The cogeneration system and method can improve the energy utilization efficiency in system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of combined heat and power, and in particular to a combined heat and power system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel cell technology is an effective energy utilization technology that can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, with advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency and clean products. However, the efficiency of power generation using fuel cells is only about 50%.

[0003] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a new generation of fuel cells that can convert chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidants into electrical energy at high temperatures (500-1000℃), with advantages such as high power generation efficiency, wide fuel selection range, high waste heat temperature, modular structure, and flexible installation. SOFCs are considered the optimal choice for future combined heat and power systems. At the present stage, the exhaust gas of SOFCs contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide, which poses a safety hazard if directly discharged.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a combined heat and power system that recycles and utilizes the waste heat of SOFCs to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the combined heat and power system. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a combined heat and power system and method to solve the problem of low heat utilization rate in the combined heat and power system, resulting in low overall efficiency of the system.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a combined heat and power system, comprising:

[0007] a fuel cell module configured to receive a combustion-supporting reactant and perform discharge processing on the combustion-supporting reactant based on a first working temperature and a first working pressure preset for the fuel cell module, to generate a fuel medium;

[0008] a combustion processing module configured to perform combustion processing on the fuel medium based on a second working temperature and a second working pressure preset for the combustion processing module, to obtain a preheated medium;

[0009] a preheating processing module configured to perform preheating processing on a to-be-preheated combustion-supporting reactant based on the preheated medium, to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium;

[0010] The first heat exchange module is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier according to the target preheating medium to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. The second heat exchange carrier and the first solution are used to perform a first heating treatment on the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution.

[0011] The second heat exchange module is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second heat exchange carrier according to the preheated medium to obtain the third heat exchange carrier and the target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain the fourth heat exchange carrier. Based on the fourth heat exchange carrier, the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment to obtain the heat network supply water and the carrier to be recovered.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the fuel cell module includes:

[0013] The fuel cell cathode unit is used to process the air in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first electrical energy medium, and then transmits the first electrical energy medium to the fuel cell anode unit.

[0014] The fuel cell anode unit is used to reform methane and reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first fuel medium. The first fuel medium and the reformed water are then converted to obtain a second electrical energy medium and a second fuel medium. The second electrical energy medium is used to generate electricity when it is oxidized with the first electrical energy medium received by the fuel cell anode unit.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the preheating module includes:

[0016] The first preheating unit is used to receive the air to be preheated transmitted from the pressurization processing module, and preheat the air to be preheated according to the preheating medium to obtain preheated air and the first preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated air to the fuel cell module.

[0017] The second preheating unit is used to receive the methane to be preheated transmitted from the pressurization processing module, and preheat the methane to be preheated according to the first preheated medium to obtain preheated methane and the second preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated methane to the fuel cell module.

[0018] The third preheating unit is used to receive the reformed water to be preheated from the pressurized processing module, and preheat the reformed water according to the second preheated medium to obtain preheated reformed water and preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated reformed water to the fuel cell module.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the first heat exchange module includes:

[0020] The first heat exchange unit is used to receive the target preheating medium and, after performing heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier through the target preheating medium, transfer the resulting first heat exchange carrier to the second heat exchange unit.

[0021] The second heat exchange unit is used to receive the first heat exchange carrier and the carrier to be recycled, and after the carrier to be recycled is heat exchanged through the first heat exchange carrier, the generated second heat exchange carrier is transferred to the first heating treatment unit.

[0022] The first heating treatment unit is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction between the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution. The target heat network return water and the second solution are then transmitted to the second heat exchange module. The first solution and the second solution have different solution concentrations.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first heating treatment unit includes:

[0024] The absorber is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction of the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second initial solution. The target heat network return water is then transmitted to the second heat exchange module, and the second initial solution is transmitted to the separator.

[0025] A separator is used to separate the second initial solution to obtain a second separated solution, which is then transferred to a solution pump.

[0026] A solution pump is used to pressurize the second separation solution to obtain a second pressurized solution, and then transfer the second pressurized solution to a solution heat exchanger.

[0027] A solution heat exchanger is used to perform heat exchange treatment on a second pressurized solution to obtain a second solution, and to transfer the second solution to a second heat exchange module, and to perform cooling treatment on a first initial solution transferred from the second heat exchange module to obtain a first cooled solution, and to transfer the first cooled solution to a depressurization processor.

[0028] A pressure reduction processor is used to reduce the pressure of the first cooling solution to obtain a first solution, and then transfer the first solution to the absorber.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the second heat exchange module includes:

[0030] The third heat exchange unit is used to receive the preheated medium, and after the second heat exchange carrier to be heat exchanged is heat-treated by the preheated medium, the generated third heat exchange carrier is transferred to the fourth heat exchange unit, and the generated target preheated medium is transferred to the first heat exchange module.

[0031] The fourth heat exchange unit is used to receive the third heat exchange carrier and the second solution, and after the second solution is heat-treated by the third heat exchange carrier, the generated fourth heat exchange carrier is transferred to the second heating treatment unit, and the generated first initial solution is transferred to the first heat exchange module.

[0032] The second heating treatment unit is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after performing the second heating treatment on the target heat network return water through the fourth heat exchange carrier, output the generated heat network supply water to the cogeneration system, and transmit the generated carrier to be recycled to the first heat exchange module.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the second heat treatment unit includes:

[0034] The condenser is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after the target heat network return water is subjected to the second heating treatment through the fourth heat exchange carrier, the generated heat network supply water is output to the cogeneration system, and the generated initial carrier to be recovered is transmitted to the pressure reducing valve.

[0035] The pressure reducing valve is used to receive the initial carrier to be recycled, and to reduce the pressure of the initial carrier to be recycled, so as to obtain the carrier to be recycled and output it to the first heat exchange module.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the combined heat and power system further includes:

[0037] The pressurization processing module is used to pressurize the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain the combustion-supporting reactants to be preheated, and then transfer the combustion-supporting reactants to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the pressurization processing module includes:

[0039] The first pressurization processing unit is used to pressurize the air to be pressurized in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain the air to be preheated, and then transfer the air to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

[0040] The second pressurization unit is used to pressurize the methane in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain preheated methane, and then transfer the preheated methane to the preheating module.

[0041] The third pressurization unit is used to pressurize the reformed water in the pressurized combustion reaction material to obtain reformed water to be preheated, and then transfer the reformed water to be preheated to the preheating module.

[0042] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a combined heat and power (CHP) method, applied to a CHP system, comprising:

[0043] Receive combustion-supporting reactants;

[0044] According to the preset first working temperature and first working pressure, the combustion-supporting reactants are subjected to discharge treatment to obtain the fuel medium;

[0045] The fuel medium is subjected to combustion treatment according to the preset second working temperature and second working pressure to obtain the preheated medium;

[0046] Based on the preheating medium, the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated is preheated to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium.

[0047] According to the target preheating medium, the first heat exchange carrier is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. According to the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system is subjected to the first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution.

[0048] Based on the preheated medium, the second heat exchange carrier is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain the third heat exchange carrier and the target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain the fourth heat exchange carrier. Based on the fourth heat exchange carrier, the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment to obtain the heat network supply water and the carrier to be recovered.

[0049] The combined heat and power (CHP) system and method provided in this application includes a fuel cell module, a combustion treatment module, a preheating treatment module, a first heat exchange module, and a second heat exchange module. The combustion treatment module and preheating treatment module in the CHP system of this application can convert the fuel medium generated by the fuel cell module into heat energy and use this heat energy to preheat the combustion-supporting reactants, realizing the function of recycling and reusing the fuel medium generated by the fuel cell module. Simultaneously, the preheating medium generated under preset operating temperature and pressure, after preheating the combustion-supporting reactants, can retain sufficient heat energy to perform heat exchange treatment on the second heat exchange carrier, making the resulting third heat exchange carrier a steam-type heat exchange carrier. This allows for more effective driving of the heat exchange process, enabling the two heat exchange modules to perform multi-stage heating treatment on the return water of the heating network, ultimately outputting heating network supply water. This allows the preheated heat energy to be recovered and utilized again, achieving comprehensive and efficient energy utilization, improving system thermal efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and enhancing economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0050] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0051] Figure 1 This application provides a structural schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system;

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system provided in this application;

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat exchange module provided in this application;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second heat exchange module provided in this application;

[0055] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another combined heat and power system provided in this application;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of another combined heat and power system provided in this application;

[0057] Figure 7 This application provides a schematic diagram of the connection structure of each module in a combined heat and power system;

[0058] Figure 8 A schematic flowchart of a combined heat and power method provided in this application.

[0059] Figure label:

[0060] 100: Fuel cell module;

[0061] 110: Fuel cell cathode unit; 120: Fuel cell anode unit; 130: Fuel cell electrolyte;

[0062] 200: Combustion treatment module;

[0063] 300: Preheating module;

[0064] 310: First preheating unit; 320: Second preheating unit; 330: Third preheating unit;

[0065] 400: First heat exchange module;

[0066] 410: First heat exchange unit; 420: Second heat exchange unit; 430: First heat treatment unit;

[0067] 431: Absorber; 432: Separator; 433: Solution pump; 434: Solution heat exchanger; 435: Pressure reduction processor;

[0068] 500: Second heat exchange module;

[0069] 510: Third heat exchange unit; 520: Fourth heat exchange unit; 530: Second heat treatment unit;

[0070] 531: Condenser; 532: Pressure reducing valve;

[0071] 600: Pressure processing module;

[0072] 610: First pressurization processing unit; 620: Second pressurization processing unit; 630: Third pressurization processing unit;

[0073] 1: Air inlet; 2: Methane inlet; 3: Reformer water inlet; 4: Drive water inlet; 5: Drive steam outlet; 6: Low-temperature heat source inlet; 7: Preheating medium outlet; 8: Low-temperature heat source outlet; 9: Heat network return water inlet; 10: Heat network supply water outlet.

[0074] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0076] Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0077] In existing technologies, the exhaust gas temperature of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power generation systems is high, and it is usually directly discharged into the environment, resulting in significant energy loss and low system thermal efficiency. To fully utilize the high-temperature exhaust gas of SOFC power generation systems, it is often combined with an absorption heat pump to form a combined heat and power (CHP) system, improving system efficiency. For example, the high-temperature exhaust gas of the SOFC can be used as a heat source for an absorption heat pump. The heat pump uses this heat source to generate heat energy, which is then "lifted" to a higher temperature level through a circulation process involving components such as a generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber, for use in heating or hot water supply. However, in existing technologies that combine SOFCs with absorption heat pumps, hot water is often used as a heat source. This heat source temperature is typically low, and the various heat converters required in the heat pump cannot fully absorb and utilize the heat, resulting in a relatively low COP (Coefficient of Performance) and problems with heat loss and low utilization efficiency.

[0078] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this application provides a combined heat and power (CHP) system and method. By designing a fuel cell module, a combustion treatment module, a preheating treatment module, and two heat exchange modules, the system not only generates electricity through the fuel cell module but also converts the fuel medium generated by the fuel cell module into heat energy through the combustion treatment and preheating treatment modules. This heat energy is then used to preheat the combustion reactants, ensuring that the temperature of the combustion reactants entering the fuel cell module meets the operating temperature range of the fuel cell module. This achieves the function of recycling and reusing the fuel medium generated by the fuel cell module. Simultaneously, the preheating medium generated under preset operating temperature and pressure retains sufficient heat energy after preheating the combustion reactants to perform heat exchange treatment on the second heat exchange carrier. This results in a third heat exchange carrier that is a steam-type heat exchange carrier, which can more effectively drive the heat exchange process. This allows the two heat exchange modules to perform multi-stage heating treatment on the return water of the heating network, ultimately outputting heating network supply water. This enables the preheated heat energy to be recovered and utilized again, achieving comprehensive and efficient energy utilization, improving system thermal efficiency and overall performance, and reducing environmental impact.

[0079] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0080] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system provided in this application. Figure 1 As shown, the combined heat and power system provided in this application includes:

[0081] The fuel cell module 100 is used to receive the combustion-supporting reactants and discharge the combustion-supporting reactants based on the first operating temperature and first operating pressure preset by the fuel cell module to generate a fuel medium.

[0082] The combustion processing module 200 is used to perform combustion processing on the fuel medium according to the second working temperature and the second working pressure preset by the combustion processing module to obtain a preheated medium;

[0083] The preheating module 300 is used to preheat the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated according to the preheating medium, so as to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium.

[0084] The first heat exchange module 400 is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier according to the target preheating medium to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. The second heat exchange carrier and the first solution are used to perform a first heating treatment on the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution.

[0085] The second heat exchange module 500 is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second heat exchange carrier according to the preheated medium to obtain the third heat exchange carrier and the target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain the fourth heat exchange carrier. Based on the fourth heat exchange carrier, the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment to obtain the heat network supply water and the carrier to be recovered.

[0086] The fuel cell module may include a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), with a preset first operating temperature of 800-1000℃ and a first operating pressure of 1-15 bar. The combustion-supporting reactants may include air, methane, and reformed water. The fuel medium may refer to the combustible gases produced during the reforming, shift reaction, or oxidation reaction of the combustion-supporting reactants in the SOFC, such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0087] The preheating medium can be the flue gas produced after combustion, such as a mixture of water vapor and carbon dioxide. This application does not limit the preset second operating temperature and second operating pressure of the combustion processing module 200, as long as it enables the combustion of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, ensuring that the preheating medium retains sufficient heat energy after preheating the combustion-supporting reactants to perform heat exchange on the second heat exchange carrier, resulting in a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The high-temperature steam in the steam-type heat exchange carrier can more effectively drive the absorption process, making the refrigerant evaporation and absorption processes more efficient, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

[0088] For example, the second operating temperature can be 900-1700℃, and the second operating pressure can be 12-40 bar. In one specific embodiment, when the temperature of the combustion treatment module is 1692℃ and the pressure is 15 bar, the hydrogen and carbon monoxide contained in the fuel medium burn more completely, and the energy carried in the fuel medium can be released more fully. As a result, the preheated medium obtained from the combustion treatment contains higher energy, and the preheating and heat exchange efficiency in the preheating and heat exchange treatments is also higher, thus making the high efficiency advantage of the combined heat and power system more prominent.

[0089] The first heat exchange medium can be a low-temperature heat source input into the system from the outside. A low-temperature heat source refers to a source of heat energy with a relatively low temperature. This can be low-temperature heat energy existing in nature or low-temperature waste heat generated in industrial processes. The second heat exchange medium can be driving water input into the system from the outside. Driving water can refer to water used to drive or promote certain chemical reactions, for example, as a heat transfer fluid, driving the transfer and circulation of heat energy.

[0090] After the preheating reaction material exchanges heat with the preheating medium, the preheating treatment module 300 outputs the combustion reaction material to the fuel cell module 100 and outputs the preheated medium to the second heat exchange module 500. After the combustion reaction material reacts in the fuel cell module 100, it generates electrical energy and outputs the fuel medium to the combustion treatment module 200. The preheated medium obtained after the fuel medium undergoes combustion treatment is output to the preheating treatment module 300 through the combustion treatment module 200, thereby realizing the recycling of thermal energy. Simultaneously, after the preheated medium exchanges heat with the second heat exchange carrier, the second heat exchange module 500 outputs the target preheated medium to the first heat exchange module 400 and generates a third heat exchange carrier; the target preheated medium exchanges heat with the first heat exchange carrier and then with the carrier to be recycled. Then, the first heat exchange module 400 outputs the target heat network return water and the second solution to the second heat exchange module 500; after the third heat exchange carrier exchanges heat with the second solution, a fourth heat exchange carrier is generated. After the fourth heat exchange carrier exchanges heat with the target heat network return water, the second heat exchange module 500 outputs the generated heat network supply water to the combined heat and power system, and outputs the generated carrier to be recycled to the first heat exchange module 400, thereby realizing the recycling of thermal energy and energy.

[0091] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system provided in this application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, in the combined heat and power system provided in this application:

[0092] The fuel cell module includes:

[0093] The fuel cell cathode unit 110 is used to process the air in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first electrical energy medium, and to transmit the first electrical energy medium to the fuel cell anode unit.

[0094] The fuel cell anode unit 120 is used to reform methane and reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first fuel medium, and to perform conversion treatment on the first fuel medium and reformed water to obtain a second electrical energy medium and a second fuel medium. The second electrical energy medium is used to generate electrical energy when it is oxidized with the first electrical energy medium received by the fuel cell anode unit.

[0095] The fuel cell module also includes a fuel cell electrolyte for connecting the fuel cell cathode unit 110 and the fuel cell anode unit 120. The electrolyte prevents electrons from being directly conducted between the anode and cathode, forcing them to flow through circuits connected to the electrodes, thereby generating an electric current.

[0096] The first electrical energy medium can refer to oxygen ions with free electrons, and the second electrical energy medium can refer to hydrogen. The first fuel medium can include hydrogen and carbon monoxide; the second fuel medium can include hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and water; the gases used for combustion in the fuel medium mainly include hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

[0097] When methane and reformed water are input into the fuel cell anode unit 120, and air is input into the fuel cell cathode unit 110, in the fuel cell anode unit 120, methane reacts with the steam from the reformed water to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Then, carbon monoxide reacts with the steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. In the fuel cell cathode unit 110, oxygen in the air combines with free electrons to form oxygen ions with free electrons. These oxygen ions with free electrons move from the fuel cell cathode unit 110 to the fuel cell anode unit 120 through the fuel cell electrolyte, where they react with the hydrogen generated in the fuel cell anode unit 120 to produce water and release free electrons. These free electrons reach the fuel cell cathode unit 110 through an external circuit, generating electrical energy. This application does not limit the structure of the external circuit; for example, the external circuit between the anode and cathode can be directly connected to a load or connected to a rectifier to transmit the electrical energy.

[0098] Since the reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction, while the oxidation reaction releases a large amount of heat energy while releasing electrical energy, the heat energy required for the reforming reaction is entirely provided by the heat energy released by the oxidation reaction.

[0099] This application does not limit the operating temperature and pressure of the SOFC, as long as it can achieve the reforming reaction between methane and reformed water vapor, the conversion reaction between carbon monoxide and water vapor, and the oxidation reaction between oxygen ions and hydrogen. For example, the SOFC operating temperature can be 800-1000℃, and the operating pressure can be 1-15 bar. In one specific embodiment, when the SOFC temperature is 1000℃ and the pressure is 15 bar, the methane in the combustion-supporting reactants can be converted into hydrogen at a higher conversion rate during the reforming and conversion processes, which can then be used as a power generation feedstock in the oxidation process. In this case, the cogeneration system of this application embodiment has higher efficiency.

[0100] The preheating module includes:

[0101] The first preheating processing unit 310 is used to receive the air to be preheated transmitted by the pressurization processing module, and preheat the air to be preheated according to the preheating medium to obtain preheated air and the first preheated medium, and transmit the preheated air to the fuel cell module.

[0102] The second preheating unit 320 is used to receive the methane to be preheated transmitted from the pressurization processing module, and preheat the methane to be preheated according to the first preheated medium to obtain preheated methane and the second preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated methane to the fuel cell module.

[0103] The third preheating unit 330 is used to receive the reformed water to be preheated transmitted from the pressurization processing module, and preheat the reformed water to be preheated according to the second preheated medium to obtain preheated reformed water and preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated reformed water to the fuel cell module.

[0104] After the combustion processing module 200 transfers the fuel medium to the preheating processing module, the fuel medium first preheats the air to be preheated in the first preheating processing unit 310. Then, the preheated first preheated medium is transferred to the second preheating processing unit 320 to preheat the methane to be preheated. Next, the preheated second preheated medium is transferred to the third preheating processing unit 330 to preheat the reformed water to be preheated. Finally, the preheated medium is transferred to the second heat exchange module for heat reuse, thereby realizing the cascade utilization of energy in the system and further improving the combined heat and power efficiency of the system.

[0105] This application does not impose specific limitations on the temperature after each preheating of air, methane, and reformed water, as long as the preheated medium can preheat the second heat exchange medium in the second heat exchange module to reach a preset temperature for conversion into the third heat exchange medium. For example, the temperature of the third heat exchange medium can be 170-185°C. In one specific embodiment, when the temperature of the third heat exchange medium is 180°C or 185°C, the third heat exchange medium, as a heat transfer fluid, can more efficiently drive the transfer of heat energy.

[0106] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat exchange module provided in this application. Figure 3 As shown, the first heat exchange module 400 provided in this application includes:

[0107] The first heat exchange unit 410 is used to receive the target preheating medium and, after performing heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier through the target preheating medium, transmit the generated first heat exchange carrier to the second heat exchange unit.

[0108] The second heat exchange unit 420 is used to receive the first heat exchange carrier and the carrier to be recycled, and after the carrier to be recycled is heat exchanged through the first heat exchange carrier, the generated second heat exchange carrier is transferred to the first heating treatment unit.

[0109] The first heating treatment unit 430 is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction between the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution. The target heat network return water and the second solution are then transmitted to the second heat exchange module. The first solution and the second solution have different solution concentrations.

[0110] The first heat exchange unit 410 may include a preheater; the first heat exchange carrier may refer to a low-temperature heat source that is input into the system from an external inlet; the first heat exchange carrier may refer to a low-temperature heat source whose temperature is raised after being preheated in the preheater by a target preheating medium, and then the low-temperature heat source with the raised temperature is transferred to the second heat exchange unit 420 as a heat exchange carrier.

[0111] The second heat exchange unit 420 may include an evaporator; the carrier to be recovered may refer to the gas-liquid mixed water generated by the second heat exchange module during heat exchange processing received by the second heat exchange unit 420; the second heat exchange carrier may refer to the saturated water vapor formed after the gas-liquid mixed water is evaporated at high temperature in the evaporator by a low-temperature heat source with increased temperature, and then the saturated water vapor is transferred to the first heating processing unit 430. In some embodiments, the temperature of the gas-liquid mixed water is 29°C and the pressure is 0.04 bar; the temperature of the low-temperature heat source may be 25-40°C and the pressure is 1 bar; the temperature of the saturated water vapor is 29°C and the pressure is 0.04 bar. In a specific embodiment, the low-temperature heat source after the gas-liquid mixed water is evaporated at high temperature in the evaporator by a low-temperature heat source with increased temperature is discharged from the evaporator. The temperature of the low-temperature heat source with increased temperature is 35°C and the pressure is 1 bar, while the temperature of the low-temperature heat source to be discharged from the evaporator after high-temperature evaporation is 29°C and the pressure is 1 bar. At this time, the combined heat and power system has a higher recovery efficiency of saturated water vapor.

[0112] The first heating treatment unit 430 may include an absorber, a separator, a solution pump, a solution heat exchanger, and a pressure reduction processor.

[0113] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second heat exchange module provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the second heat exchange module 500 provided in this application includes:

[0114] The third heat exchange unit 510 is used to receive the preheated medium, and after the second heat exchange carrier to be heat exchanged is heat-treated by the preheated medium, the generated third heat exchange carrier is transmitted to the fourth heat exchange unit, and the generated target preheated medium is transmitted to the first heat exchange module.

[0115] The fourth heat exchange unit 520 is used to receive the third heat exchange carrier and the second solution, and after the second solution is heat-treated by the third heat exchange carrier, it transmits the generated fourth heat exchange carrier to the second heating treatment unit and transmits the generated first initial solution to the first heat exchange module.

[0116] The second heating treatment unit 530 is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after performing the second heating treatment on the target heat network return water through the fourth heat exchange carrier, output the generated heat network supply water to the combined heat and power system, and transmit the generated carrier to be recycled to the first heat exchange module.

[0117] The third heat exchange unit 510 may include a preheater; the second heat exchange medium may refer to the driving water input into the system from an external inlet; the third heat exchange medium may refer to the driving steam formed after the driving water is preheated in the preheater by a preheated medium. The driving steam is used as a heat exchange medium to transfer to the fourth heat exchange unit 520. In some embodiments, the temperature of the driving steam may be 170-199°C and the pressure may be 2-8 bar. In a specific embodiment, when the temperature of the driving steam is 185°C and the pressure is 6 bar, more heat energy can be transferred to the second solution, improving the heat exchange efficiency in the generator. At the same time, the higher temperature difference can increase the heat exchange rate, allowing the second solution to absorb the heat of the driving steam more quickly, thereby accelerating the generation of the fourth heat exchange medium and making the heating efficiency of the combined heat and power system higher.

[0118] The fourth heat exchange unit 520 may include a generator; the fourth heat exchange carrier may refer to superheated steam formed by exchanging heat with a low-concentration lithium bromide solution in the generator by driving steam, and then the superheated steam is transferred to the second heating treatment unit 530 to transfer the high-concentration lithium bromide solution after heat exchange to the solution heat exchanger of the first heating treatment unit for cooling treatment, then to the depressurization processor for depressurization treatment, and finally to the absorber to wait for fusion with saturated water vapor to form a low-concentration lithium bromide solution, thus completing the recycling of energy of the heat exchange module.

[0119] The second heating treatment unit 530 may include a condenser and a pressure reducing valve.

[0120] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another combined heat and power system provided in this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 5 As shown, the combined heat and power system provided in this application may further include:

[0121] The pressurization processing module 600 is used to pressurize the combustion-supporting reactant to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated, and then transfer the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated to the preheating processing module 300.

[0122] Before the air, methane, and reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants are preheated, they need to be pressurized sequentially in the pressurization module 600. This application does not impose specific limitations on the pressure of the pressurized air, methane, and reformed water, as long as it meets the operating pressure of the fuel cell module 100. For example, the pressure of the pressurized air, methane, and reformed water can be 1-15 bar. In one specific embodiment, when the pressure of the pressurized air, methane, and reformed water is 15 bar, the chemical reaction rate in the fuel cell module can be faster, allowing the energy contained in the combustion-supporting reactants to be converted into electrical energy more efficiently.

[0123] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another combined heat and power system provided in this application. (See attached diagram.) Figure 6 As shown, in the combined heat and power system provided in this application:

[0124] The pressurization processing module includes:

[0125] The first pressurization processing unit 610 is used to pressurize the air to be pressurized in the combustion-supporting reactant to obtain the air to be preheated, and to transfer the air to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

[0126] The second pressurization processing unit 620 is used to pressurize the methane to be pressurized in the combustion-supporting reactant to obtain methane to be preheated, and to transfer the methane to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

[0127] The third pressurization processing unit 630 is used to pressurize the reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain reformed water to be preheated, and then transfer the reformed water to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

[0128] The first pressurization unit 610 may include an air compressor and is connected between the air inlet and the first preheating unit; the second pressurization unit 620 may include a methane compressor and is connected between the methane inlet and the second preheating unit; the third pressurization unit 630 may include a water pump and is connected between the reformed water inlet and the third preheating unit.

[0129] Figure 7 This application provides a schematic diagram of the connection structure of each module in a combined heat and power system, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, in the combined heat and power system provided in this application:

[0130] The fuel cell module also includes a fuel cell electrolyte 130 for connecting the fuel cell cathode unit 110 and the fuel cell anode unit 120.

[0131] The first heat treatment unit includes:

[0132] Absorber 431 is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction of the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second initial solution. The target heat network return water is then transmitted to the second heat exchange module, and the second initial solution is transmitted to the separator.

[0133] Separator 432 is used to separate the second initial solution to obtain a second separated solution, and then transfer the second separated solution to a solution pump;

[0134] Solution pump 433 is used to pressurize the second separation solution to obtain a second pressurized solution, and then transfer the second pressurized solution to the solution heat exchanger.

[0135] The solution heat exchanger 434 is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second pressurized solution to obtain a second solution, and to transfer the second solution to the second heat exchange module, and to perform cooling treatment on the first initial solution transferred by the second heat exchange module to obtain a first cooled solution, and to transfer the first cooled solution to the depressurization processor.

[0136] The step-down processor 435 is used to step down the pressure of the first cooling solution to obtain a first solution, and then transfer the first solution to the absorber.

[0137] The first solution can refer to the high-concentration lithium bromide solution transmitted from the step-down processor 435 to the absorber 431, and the second initial solution can refer to the low-concentration lithium bromide solution in the absorber 431. The high-concentration lithium bromide solution interacts with the saturated water vapor transmitted to the absorber 431. When the saturated water vapor is absorbed by the high-concentration lithium bromide solution to form a low-concentration lithium bromide solution, heat energy is released. This heat energy is used to perform a first heating treatment on the return water of the heating network. Then, the target return water of the heating network is transmitted to the condenser 531 of the second heat exchange module to await a second heating treatment with superheated steam. The low-concentration lithium bromide solution enters the separator 432 for separation. A portion of the separated low-concentration lithium bromide solution returns to the absorber 431, while the other portion enters the solution pump 433, where the pressure increases. After passing through the solution heat exchanger 434, the temperature increases, and then it enters the fourth heat exchange unit 520. Therefore, the second solution is a high-temperature, high-pressure low-concentration lithium bromide solution.

[0138] In some embodiments, the temperature of the low-concentration lithium bromide solution in the absorber is 69°C and the pressure is 0.04 bar; after being pressurized by the solution pump, the pressure of the low-concentration lithium bromide solution is 0.58 bar; after being heated by the solution heat exchanger, the temperature of the low-concentration lithium bromide solution is 123°C; the temperature and pressure of the heat network return water are 50°C and 6.89 bar, respectively, and the temperature of the heat network return water after the first heating treatment is 61°C.

[0139] The solution pump 433 may include centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps, etc.

[0140] The second heat treatment unit includes:

[0141] Condenser 531 is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after the target heat network return water is subjected to the second heating treatment through the fourth heat exchange carrier, the generated heat network supply water is output to the cogeneration system, and the generated initial carrier to be recovered is transmitted to the pressure reducing valve.

[0142] Pressure reducing valve 532 is used to receive the initial carrier to be recycled, and to reduce the pressure of the initial carrier to be recycled, so as to obtain the carrier to be recycled and output it to the first heat exchange module.

[0143] The initial carrier to be recovered can refer to the low-temperature liquid water condensed during the heating process of the target heat network return water by superheated steam in the condenser, and the carrier to be recovered can refer to the gas-liquid mixture water obtained by depressurizing the low-temperature liquid water.

[0144] In some embodiments, the high-concentration lithium bromide solution entering the solution heat exchanger has a temperature of 144°C and a pressure of 0.58 bar; after heat exchange in the solution heat exchanger, the temperature drops to 79°C, and after processing by a pressure reducer, the pressure drops to 0.04 bar; the superheated steam entering the condenser has a temperature of 144°C and a pressure of 0.58 bar. The heating network supply water has a temperature of 71°C and a pressure of 6.89 bar; the cryogenic liquid water has a temperature of 62°C, and after passing through a pressure reducing valve, its pressure drops to 0.04 bar, with a gas phase fraction of 0.06.

[0145] In some embodiments, air enters the first pressurization unit 610 through air inlet 1, is pressurized, and then transmitted to the first preheating unit 310. After preheating by the preheating medium transmitted by the combustion processing module 200, it is transmitted to the fuel cell cathode unit 110. Methane enters the second pressurization unit 620 through methane inlet 2, is pressurized, and then transmitted to the second preheating unit 320. After preheating by the first preheating medium transmitted by the first preheating unit 310, it is transmitted to the fuel cell anode unit 120. Reformed water enters the third pressurization unit 630 through reformed water inlet 3, is pressurized, and then transmitted to the third preheating unit 330. After preheating by the second preheating medium transmitted by the second preheating unit 320, it is transmitted to the fuel cell anode unit 120. After air, methane, and reformed water react in the fuel cell module, the fuel medium is transferred to the combustion processing module 200. After combustion processing in the combustion processing module 200, a preheated medium is obtained and transferred to the first preheating processing unit 310, thereby converting the chemical energy of the fuel medium into thermal energy for recycling.

[0146] The driving water enters the third heat exchange unit 510 through the driving water inlet 4, and after heat exchange treatment, it is transferred to the fourth heat exchange unit 520. After heat exchange treatment again, it is discharged from the driving steam outlet 5. In the third heat exchange unit 510, the driving water is preheated by the preheated medium generated by the third preheating treatment unit 330, and the target preheating medium is transferred to the first heat exchange unit 410.

[0147] Since both the third preheating unit 330 and the third heat exchange unit 510 heat water, to simplify system design and improve overall system efficiency, they can use the same preheater for heat exchange. Therefore, this preheater includes three inlets: a second preheating medium inlet, a reformed water inlet to be preheated, and a driving water inlet 4; and three outlets: a target preheating medium outlet, a preheated reformed water outlet output to the fuel cell anode unit 120, and a driving steam outlet output to the fourth heat exchange unit 520.

[0148] In the fourth heat exchange unit 520, the driving steam generated by the driving water heat exchange exchanges heat with the low-concentration lithium bromide solution to obtain superheated steam and a high-concentration lithium bromide solution. The superheated steam is then transferred to the condenser 531, and the high-concentration lithium bromide solution is transferred to the solution heat exchanger 434. The low-concentration lithium bromide solution is generated during the absorption reaction between the high-concentration lithium bromide solution and saturated water vapor in the absorber 431. After being separated by the separator 432, pressurized by the solution pump 433, and heated by the solution heat exchanger 434, it is then transferred to the fourth heat exchange unit 520.

[0149] A low-temperature heat source enters the first heat exchange unit 410 through the low-temperature heat source inlet 6, and after heat exchange, is transferred to the second heat exchange unit 420. After further heat exchange, it is discharged from the low-temperature heat source outlet 8. In the first heat exchange unit 410, the low-temperature heat source is preheated by a target preheating medium, and the preheated medium is discharged through the preheating medium outlet 7. In the second heat exchange unit 420, the gas-liquid mixed water transmitted through the pressure reducing valve 532 and the preheated low-temperature heat source are evaporated to obtain saturated water vapor, which is then transferred to the absorber 431.

[0150] The return water from the heating network enters the absorber 431 through the return water inlet 9. The heat generated by the absorption reaction between a high-concentration lithium bromide solution and saturated steam performs a first heating treatment on the return water, resulting in the target return water, which is then output to the condenser 531. The target return water undergoes a second heating treatment by reacting driving steam with a low-concentration lithium bromide solution to generate superheated steam, which produces the supply water for the heating network and is then transmitted to the supply water outlet 10. The high-concentration lithium bromide solution is cooled by the solution heat exchanger 434 and depressurized by the depressurization processor 435 before being transmitted to the absorber 431.

[0151] Figure 8 A combined heat and power (CHP) method provided in this application embodiment is applied to any of the CHP systems described above, such as... Figure 8 As shown, this combined heat and power method may include:

[0152] S801, Receive combustion-supporting reactants.

[0153] The combustion-supporting reactants may include air, methane, and reformed water, and the reaction takes place in a solid oxide fuel cell. The gas content corresponding to air is determined by molar percentage as follows: O2-21%, N2-79%.

[0154] S802. Discharge the combustion-supporting reactants according to the preset first working temperature and first working pressure to obtain the fuel medium.

[0155] In this solid oxide fuel cell (SOCF), methane and reformed water enter the anode, while air enters the cathode. At the anode, methane undergoes a reforming reaction with water vapor to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide then undergoes a conversion reaction with water vapor to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide. At the cathode, oxygen from the air combines with free electrons to form oxygen ions. These oxygen ions move from the cathode to the anode via the electrolyte. The hydrogen generated at the anode undergoes an oxidation reaction to produce water, releasing free electrons. These free electrons travel through an external circuit to the cathode, generating electrical energy. The preset first operating temperature can be 800-1000°C, and the first operating pressure can be 1-15 bar. In one specific embodiment, the first operating temperature of the SOCF is 1000°C, and the first operating pressure is 15 bar.

[0156] S803. The fuel medium is subjected to combustion treatment according to the preset second working temperature and second working pressure to obtain a preheated medium.

[0157] In this process, methane fuel undergoes a series of reactions at the anode to produce high-temperature fuel gas. Since this high-temperature fuel gas still contains some hydrogen and carbon monoxide, it needs to be combusted to fully recover the chemical energy contained within it. Therefore, the fuel gas at the anode reacts with air at the cathode in the combustion module to produce high-temperature flue gas. The preset second operating temperature can be 900-1700℃, and the second operating pressure can be 12-40 bar. In one specific embodiment, the second operating temperature for the combustion reaction is 1692℃, and the second operating pressure is 15 bar.

[0158] S804. Based on the preheating medium, preheat the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium.

[0159] Before preheating the combustion-supporting reactants, each reactant needs to be pressurized to ensure that its pressure meets the operating pressure of the solid oxide fuel cell.

[0160] S805. According to the target preheating medium, the first heat exchange carrier to be exchanged is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. According to the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system is subjected to the first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution.

[0161] Wherein, the first heat transfer medium can be an input low-temperature heat source; the first heat transfer medium can be a preheated low-temperature heat source; the second heat transfer medium can be saturated water vapor; the first solution can be a high-concentration lithium bromide solution; and the second solution can be a low-concentration lithium bromide solution.

[0162] S806. Based on the preheated medium, the second heat exchange carrier to be exchanged is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain the third heat exchange carrier and the target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain the fourth heat exchange carrier. Based on the fourth heat exchange carrier, the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment to obtain the heat network supply water and the carrier to be recovered.

[0163] The second heat exchange medium can be driving water; the third heat exchange medium can be driving steam; the fourth heat exchange medium can be superheated steam; and the medium to be recovered can be gas-liquid mixed water.

[0164] The overall efficiency of the combined heat and power system of this application is evaluated by measuring methane consumption, solid oxide fuel cell power generation, heat exchange during the first heating treatment, and heat exchange during the second heating treatment.

[0165] The power generation efficiency of the combined heat and power system meets the following requirements:

[0166]

[0167] Where η1 is the power generation efficiency; W 100 For the power generation of solid oxide fuel cells; m 甲烷 Methane consumption; LHV 甲烷 The lower heating value of methane is taken as 803.712 MJ / kmol.

[0168] The heating efficiency of the combined heat and power system meets the following requirements:

[0169]

[0170] Where η2 is the heating efficiency; Q 431 Q represents the heat exchange during the first heat treatment. 531 This is the heat exchange during the second heating treatment.

[0171] The overall efficiency of the combined heat and power system meets the following requirements:

[0172]

[0173] Where η is the overall efficiency.

[0174] Given that the methane consumption is 0.008 kmol / s, the solid oxide fuel cell power generation is 4.018 MJ / s, the heat exchange during the first heating treatment is 1.723 MJ / s, and the heat exchange during the second heating treatment is 1.482 MJ / s, the overall efficiency of the combined heat and power system is 97.14%, of which the power generation efficiency is 62.49% and the heating efficiency is 34.65%.

[0175] The combined heat and power (CHP) method provided in this application uses methane instead of more expensive hydrogen as fuel for a solid oxidation fuel cell, saving fuel costs. Simultaneously, unreacted fuel gas in the solid oxidation fuel cell is further utilized after combustion in the combustion processing module, thus exhibiting low energy consumption. Furthermore, this method fully and effectively recovers the energy contained in the fuel through multi-stage processing and converts it into electrical and thermal energy, achieving efficient cascaded energy utilization and improving CHP efficiency.

[0176] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0177] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. The terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0178] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0179] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A combined heat and power system, characterized in that, The combined heat and power system includes: A fuel cell module is used to receive combustion-supporting reactants and discharge the combustion-supporting reactants based on a preset first operating temperature and a first operating pressure of the fuel cell module to generate a fuel medium. A combustion processing module is used to perform combustion processing on the fuel medium according to a preset second working temperature and second working pressure to obtain a preheated medium; The preheating module is used to preheat the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated according to the preheating medium, so as to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium. The first heat exchange module is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier according to the target preheating medium to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. The second heat exchange carrier and the first solution are used to perform a first heating treatment on the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution. The second heat exchange module is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second heat exchange carrier according to the preheated medium to obtain a third heat exchange carrier and a target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain a fourth heat exchange carrier. The target heat network return water is then subjected to a second heating treatment according to the fourth heat exchange carrier to obtain heat network supply water and a carrier to be recycled.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell module includes: The fuel cell cathode unit is used to process the air in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first electrical energy medium, and to transmit the first electrical energy medium to the fuel cell anode unit. The fuel cell anode unit is used to reform methane and reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain a first fuel medium, and to perform a conversion treatment on the first fuel medium and the reformed water to obtain a second electrical energy medium and a second fuel medium. The second electrical energy medium is used to generate electrical energy when it undergoes oxidation treatment with the first electrical energy medium received by the fuel cell anode unit.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating module includes: The first preheating unit is used to receive the air to be preheated transmitted by the pressurization processing module, and preheat the air to be preheated according to the preheating medium to obtain preheated air and the first preheated medium, and transmit the preheated air to the fuel cell module. The second preheating unit is used to receive the methane to be preheated transmitted by the pressurization processing module, and preheat the methane to be preheated according to the first preheated medium to obtain preheated methane and the second preheated medium, and then transmit the preheated methane to the fuel cell module. The third preheating unit is used to receive the reformed water to be preheated transmitted by the pressurization processing module, and preheat the reformed water to be preheated according to the second preheated medium to obtain preheated reformed water and preheated medium, and transmit the preheated reformed water to the fuel cell module.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchange module includes: The first heat exchange unit is used to receive the target preheating medium and, after performing heat exchange treatment on the first heat exchange carrier through the target preheating medium, transmit the resulting first heat exchange carrier to the second heat exchange unit. The second heat exchange unit is used to receive the first heat exchange carrier and the carrier to be recycled, and after performing heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recycled through the first heat exchange carrier, transmit the generated second heat exchange carrier to the first heating treatment unit. The first heating treatment unit is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction between the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain target heat network return water and a second solution. The target heat network return water and the second solution are then transmitted to the second heat exchange module, wherein the first solution and the second solution have different solution concentrations.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first heating treatment unit includes: An absorber is used to receive the second heat exchange carrier, the first solution, and the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system. After generating heat energy through the reaction of the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water is subjected to a first heating treatment to obtain target heat network return water and a second initial solution. The target heat network return water is then transmitted to the second heat exchange module, and the second initial solution is transmitted to the separator. The separator is used to separate the second initial solution to obtain a second separated solution, and to transfer the second separated solution to a solution pump; The solution pump is used to pressurize the second separated solution to obtain a second pressurized solution, and then transfer the second pressurized solution to a solution heat exchanger. The solution heat exchanger is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second pressurized solution to obtain a second solution, to transfer the second solution to the second heat exchange module, and to perform cooling treatment on the first initial solution transferred by the second heat exchange module to obtain a first cooled solution, and to transfer the first cooled solution to the depressurization processor. The pressure reduction processor is used to depressurize the first cooling solution to obtain a first solution, and then transfer the first solution to the absorber.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second heat exchange module includes: The third heat exchange unit is used to receive the preheated medium, and after the second heat exchange carrier to be heat exchanged is processed by the preheated medium, the generated third heat exchange carrier is transmitted to the fourth heat exchange unit, and the generated target preheated medium is transmitted to the first heat exchange module. The fourth heat exchange unit is used to receive the third heat exchange carrier and the second solution, and after the second solution is heat exchanged through the third heat exchange carrier, the generated fourth heat exchange carrier is transferred to the second heating treatment unit, and the generated first initial solution is transferred to the first heat exchange module. The second heating treatment unit is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after performing a second heating treatment on the target heat network return water through the fourth heat exchange carrier, output the generated heat network supply water to the combined heat and power system, and transmit the generated carrier to be recycled to the first heat exchange module.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second heat treatment unit includes: The condenser is used to receive the fourth heat exchange carrier and the target heat network return water, and after the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment through the fourth heat exchange carrier, the generated heat network supply water is output to the combined heat and power system, and the generated initial carrier to be recovered is transmitted to the pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve is used to receive the initial carrier to be recycled, and to reduce the pressure of the initial carrier to be recycled, so as to obtain the carrier to be recycled and output it to the first heat exchange module.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined heat and power system also includes: The pressurization processing module is used to pressurize the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain combustion-supporting reactants to be preheated, and to transfer the combustion-supporting reactants to be preheated to the preheating processing module.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressurization processing module includes: The first pressurization processing unit is used to pressurize the air to be pressurized in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain air to be preheated, and to transmit the air to be preheated to the preheating processing module. The second pressurization unit is used to pressurize the methane in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain preheated methane, and to transfer the preheated methane to the preheating module. The third pressurization unit is used to pressurize the reformed water in the combustion-supporting reactants to obtain reformed water to be preheated, and then transfer the reformed water to the preheating module.

10. A combined heat and power (CHP) method, characterized in that, Applications in combined heat and power systems include: Receive combustion-supporting reactants; The combustion-supporting reactant is subjected to discharge treatment according to the preset first working temperature and first working pressure to obtain the fuel medium; The fuel medium is subjected to combustion treatment according to the preset second working temperature and second working pressure to obtain a preheated medium; According to the preheating medium, the combustion-supporting reactant to be preheated is preheated to obtain the combustion-supporting reactant and the preheated medium. According to the target preheating medium, the first heat exchange carrier to be exchanged is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain the first heat exchange carrier and the output preheating medium. The first heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the carrier to be recovered transmitted by the second heat exchange module to obtain the second heat exchange carrier. According to the second heat exchange carrier and the first solution, the heat network return water transmitted by the heat network system is subjected to the first heating treatment to obtain the target heat network return water and the second solution. Based on the preheated medium, the second heat exchange carrier is subjected to heat exchange treatment to obtain a third heat exchange carrier and a target preheating medium. The third heat exchange carrier is a steam-type heat exchange carrier. The third heat exchange carrier is used to perform heat exchange treatment on the second solution to obtain a fourth heat exchange carrier. Based on the fourth heat exchange carrier, the target heat network return water is subjected to a second heating treatment to obtain heat network supply water and a carrier to be recycled.

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