Thermal management method and system of energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal management method and system of an energy storage system, relates to the technical field of thermal management of energy storage systems, and solves the technical problems of low efficiency and easy waste of cooling resources caused by only using a liquid cooling machine to adjust the temperature of a battery in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: analyzing battery states and abnormal temperature thresholds under each battery state; according to the battery state, whether the battery temperature is larger than an abnormal temperature threshold value in the corresponding battery state or not is judged; if not, the battery temperature is normal; if yes, the battery temperature is abnormal, the abnormal temperature difference is calculated, and the cooling mode of the battery is selected; analyzing the air quantity or the cold quantity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and adjusting the rotating speed of the fan or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooling machine; the temperature of the battery is efficiently and accurately controlled, the performance of the battery is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and energy is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermal management of energy storage systems, and specifically relates to a thermal management method and system for energy storage systems. Background Art

[0002] The energy storage system uses batteries to store energy in the form of electrical energy using different media and releases it when needed. During the operation of the energy storage system, a lot of heat will be generated, which will increase the temperature of the batteries in the energy storage system and have an adverse effect on the battery performance and life.

[0003] The invention patent application with publication number CN113097597A discloses a thermal management method, controller and energy storage system for an energy storage system. The method obtains the battery parameters of the battery system, further determines the temperature regulation strategy of the temperature regulation system based on the obtained battery parameters, and triggers the temperature regulation system to execute the determined temperature regulation strategy to adjust the temperature of the battery system. The solution is applied to a system-level controller, and the system-level controller and the temperature regulation system realize linkage control and coordinated control. The system-level controller determines the temperature regulation strategy of the temperature regulation system based on the battery parameters of the battery system, and then controls the temperature regulation system to execute the temperature regulation strategy, and finally realizes that the temperature regulation system adjusts the temperature of the battery system according to the battery parameters.

[0004] The above-mentioned prior art dynamically adjusts the cooling capacity of the liquid cooler based on the monitored temperature to achieve precise adjustment of the battery temperature. However, when the temperature changes greatly, the efficiency of adjusting the battery temperature using only the liquid cooler is low. When the temperature changes slightly, adjusting the battery temperature using the liquid cooler is likely to cause a waste of cooling resources. Therefore, the present invention provides a thermal management method and system for an energy storage system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art; to this end, the present invention proposes a thermal management method and system for an energy storage system, which is used to solve the technical problems that the prior art only uses a liquid cooler to regulate the temperature of the battery, which is low in efficiency and easily causes waste of cooling resources.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management system for an energy storage system, comprising a temperature monitoring module and a thermal management module;

[0007] Temperature monitoring module: used to collect battery temperature information of the energy storage system; the battery temperature information includes the surface temperature of the battery pack and the temperature between the battery clusters;

[0008] Thermal management module: used to analyze the battery status and analyze the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status; according to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is less than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if yes, the battery temperature is normal; if no, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and select the battery cooling method; wherein the cooling method includes cooling by fan or liquid cooler; and,

[0009] Analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

[0010] Preferably, the analyzing the battery status includes:

[0011] The output current of the battery is sampled, and the working state of the battery is determined according to the comparison result between the output current and the current threshold; wherein the working state includes a standby state, a charging state, and a discharging state.

[0012] Preferably, the analyzing the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery state includes:

[0013] The abnormal temperatures of the battery at different monitoring locations under each state are extracted from the historical data, and the abnormal temperatures at the same monitoring location are averaged to obtain the abnormal temperature thresholds at different monitoring locations under each state.

[0014] The present invention can more accurately capture the temperature variation characteristics of the battery under different operating conditions or loads by processing the temperature data of the battery in different states separately. For example, under high load, the temperature of the battery may rise significantly, while under low load or standby, the temperature of the battery is relatively low. By processing and analyzing the temperature data in these different states separately, a more accurate abnormal temperature threshold can be formulated, thereby more accurately determining whether the battery is in an abnormal state.

[0015] Preferably, the battery temperature is abnormal, the abnormal temperature difference is calculated, and a battery cooling method is selected, including:

[0016] Performing difference processing on the abnormal battery temperature and the abnormal temperature threshold to obtain the abnormal temperature difference; comparing the abnormal temperature difference with the temperature difference threshold range;

[0017] When the abnormal temperature difference is less than the left endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is within the temperature difference threshold range, a liquid cooler is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is greater than the right endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan and a liquid cooler are used to cool the battery at the same time.

[0018] By calculating the abnormal temperature difference, the present invention can more accurately evaluate the degree to which the battery temperature deviates from the normal state, so as to take more appropriate cooling measures. This refined management not only improves the accuracy of battery temperature control, but also helps to extend the service life of the battery and ensure its stable performance. This hierarchical response mechanism not only improves the cooling efficiency, but also avoids the waste of resources.

[0019] Preferably, the analysis of the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal includes:

[0020] The maximum abnormal temperature difference and the minimum abnormal temperature are extracted according to the historical data, and an abnormal temperature difference is set between the two at the same step length to obtain an abnormal temperature difference sequence;

[0021] Extracting the air volumes of several fans and the cooling capacity of liquid coolers corresponding to each abnormal temperature difference in the abnormal temperature difference sequence from the historical data; if there are several identical values ​​of the air volumes / cooling capacity corresponding to the same abnormal temperature difference, only one value is retained;

[0022] Performing average processing on several air volumes or cooling capacities corresponding to the same abnormal temperature difference to obtain the average air volume or cooling capacities corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference; performing ratio processing on the average air volume or cooling capacities and the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference of each abnormal temperature difference; then performing average processing on the air volumes / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference to obtain the average air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference;

[0023] When either a fan or a liquid cooler is used, the average air volume / cooling capacity is multiplied by the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacity adjusted corresponding to the abnormal temperature;

[0024] When fans and liquid coolers are used at the same time, the average air volume and average cooling capacity are weightedly summed with the corresponding abnormal temperature difference and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the air volume and cooling capacity adjusted corresponding to the abnormal temperature.

[0025] The present invention constructs a refined temperature management and response system based on the abnormal temperature control strategy of historical data. The system first extracts the maximum abnormal temperature difference and the minimum abnormal temperature from the historical data as the basis for setting the abnormal temperature difference sequence. In between, multiple abnormal temperature differences are set with the same step size to form a comprehensive abnormal temperature difference sequence, so as to analyze the control requirements under different temperature differences in more detail; and the system extracts a number of fan air volume and liquid cooler cooling capacity data corresponding to each abnormal temperature difference from the historical data. For multiple identical air volume or cooling capacity values ​​that may appear under the same abnormal temperature difference, the system performs deduplication processing to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the data; the air volume or cooling capacity corresponding to the unit temperature difference is calculated, and the air volume / cooling capacity corresponding to these unit temperature differences is averaged, and a more stable air volume average / cooling capacity average corresponding to the unit temperature difference is obtained, which provides a reliable basis for subsequent control.

[0026] Preferably, according to the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, the adjusting the speed of the fan or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler includes:

[0027] The air volume or cooling capacity currently required by the battery is ratioed with the corresponding proportional coefficient to obtain the fan speed and the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler; wherein the proportional coefficient includes the fan speed proportional coefficient or the valve opening degree proportional coefficient of the liquid cooler.

[0028] Among them, the speed proportional coefficient is the speed required for unit air volume, and the valve opening proportional coefficient of the liquid cooler is the valve opening required for unit cooling capacity.

[0029] The present invention dynamically adjusts the speed of the fan and the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler according to the actual needs of the battery, thereby achieving precise control of the battery temperature. At the same time, since the proportional coefficient is derived based on a large amount of experimental data, this method also has high reliability and stability, and can ensure that the battery can obtain the most appropriate temperature control under any circumstances, thereby extending its service life and improving performance stability.

[0030] Preferably, the second aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Collect battery temperature information of the energy storage system;

[0032] Step 2: Analyze the battery status and analyze the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status;

[0033] Step 3: According to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is greater than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if not, the battery temperature is normal; if yes, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and select the battery cooling method;

[0034] Step 4: Analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention independently analyzes the battery temperature data under different states, takes into account the temperature change characteristics of the battery under different states, and calculates the abnormal temperature thresholds under different states based on the abnormal temperature data under different states, which can more accurately judge the temperature conditions of the battery under different states, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of temperature monitoring;

[0037] 2. The present invention identifies the maximum and minimum abnormal temperature values ​​from historical data. These two values ​​are used as the basis for constructing an abnormal temperature difference sequence. A series of abnormal temperature differences are set between these two extreme values ​​with a fixed step size, forming a widely covered and meticulous abnormal temperature difference sequence, so as to deeply analyze the control requirements under different temperature difference conditions; and calculate the air volume or cooling capacity required for unit temperature difference, and by averaging the air volume or cooling capacity corresponding to these unit temperature differences, a more stable average air volume and cooling capacity corresponding to the unit temperature difference is obtained; it is helpful to quickly and accurately determine the required fan speed and liquid cooler valve opening degree according to the current abnormal temperature difference, so as to achieve fine control of the battery temperature;

[0038] 3. The present invention analyzes the battery status and analyzes the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status; according to the battery status, determines whether the battery temperature is greater than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if not, the battery temperature is normal; if yes, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculates the abnormal temperature difference, and selects a battery cooling method; and analyzes the air volume or cooling required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and adjusts the fan speed or the valve opening of the liquid cooler; the present invention selects a suitable cooling method based on the abnormal temperature difference, ensuring that the system can provide effective temperature control under different circumstances; and deeply analyzes the air volume or cooling required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and accurately adjusts the fan speed or the valve opening of the liquid cooler accordingly, which not only improves the cooling efficiency, but also reduces energy consumption, achieving the goal of green energy saving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1This is a flow chart of the method for analyzing the cooling capacity / air volume required for abnormal battery temperature of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the thermal management method of the energy storage system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] A first aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management method and system for an energy storage system, including a temperature monitoring module and a thermal management module;

[0044] The temperature monitoring module collects battery temperature information of the energy storage system;

[0045] Specifically, a plurality of temperature sensors are evenly arranged on the surface of the battery pack to monitor the surface temperature, and the plurality of surface temperatures obtained by monitoring are averaged to obtain the surface temperature of the battery pack;

[0046] A number of temperature sensors are evenly arranged at the connection between the battery clusters to monitor the temperature of the connection parts, and the temperatures of the several connection parts obtained by monitoring are averaged to obtain the temperature between the battery clusters.

[0047] The thermal management module analyzes the battery status and analyzes the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status;

[0048] Specifically, the output current of the battery is sampled, and the working state of the battery is determined according to a comparison result between the output current and a current threshold; wherein the working state includes a standby state, a charging state, and a discharging state.

[0049] It should be noted that in the standby state, the battery is not charged or discharged externally, and there is no obvious chemical reaction inside. Therefore, the battery current in the standby state is close to zero; during the charging process, the external power supply provides electrical energy to the battery, causing electrons to flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode. Therefore, the battery current in the charging state is positive; during the discharging process, the battery provides electrical energy to the external load, causing electrons to flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode. Therefore, the battery current in the discharging state is negative.

[0050] The abnormal temperature of each monitoring location of the battery in each state is extracted from the historical data, and the abnormal temperatures of the same monitoring location in different states are averaged to obtain the abnormal temperature threshold of each monitoring location in each state.

[0051] For example: assuming that abnormal temperature values ​​of the surface temperatures of several battery packs in the standby state are extracted from the historical battery temperature data, the extracted abnormal temperature values ​​are averaged to obtain the abnormal temperature threshold of the surface temperature of the battery pack of the energy storage system in the standby state; the abnormal temperature threshold of the battery in the charging / discharging state is analyzed in this way; and the abnormal temperature threshold analysis method of each monitoring point in other battery states is the same; and then the abnormal temperature threshold of each monitoring point in each state is analyzed to obtain the abnormal temperature threshold.

[0052] According to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is less than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if yes, the battery temperature is normal; if no, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and select the battery cooling method;

[0053] Specifically, performing difference processing on the abnormal battery temperature and the abnormal temperature threshold to obtain the abnormal temperature difference; comparing the abnormal temperature difference with the temperature difference threshold range;

[0054] When the abnormal temperature difference is less than the left endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is within the temperature difference threshold range, a liquid cooler is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is greater than the right endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan and a liquid cooler are used to cool the battery at the same time.

[0055] It should be noted that when the abnormal temperature difference is less than the left endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, it indicates that the abnormal temperature difference is small. Although the battery temperature exceeds the normal range, it has not yet reached a dangerous level. The cooling method uses a fan for cooling. Because the fan has a low cost and low operating energy consumption, it is suitable for handling mild temperature anomalies. The fan removes heat through air convection, and the cooling effect is mild, which will not cause drastic temperature changes to the battery.

[0056] When the abnormal temperature difference is within the temperature difference threshold range, it indicates that the abnormal temperature difference is moderate, but more serious than the case where the abnormal temperature difference is less than the left end point value of the temperature difference threshold range, and the battery temperature is already high; the cooling method adopts a liquid cooling system for cooling; because the liquid cooling system has high cooling efficiency and can quickly reduce the battery temperature, the liquid cooling system can achieve precise control of the battery temperature by adjusting the coolant flow and temperature;

[0057] When the abnormal temperature difference is greater than the right endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, it indicates that the abnormal temperature difference is large, the battery temperature is already very high, and there is a greater safety risk. The fan and liquid cooling system are used for cooling at the same time; because the fan and liquid cooling system work at the same time, they can provide maximum cooling capacity and quickly reduce the battery temperature. The dual cooling measures can ensure that the battery temperature is effectively controlled in extreme cases and reduce safety risks.

[0058] Also, analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

[0059] See also Figure 1 Specifically, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the abnormal temperature difference are extracted according to the historical data, and an abnormal temperature difference is set between the two at the same step length to obtain an abnormal temperature difference sequence;

[0060] Extracting from the historical data the air volumes of several fans or the cooling capacity of the liquid coolers to be adjusted corresponding to each abnormal temperature difference in the abnormal temperature difference sequence;

[0061] Among them, if there are several identical values ​​of the corresponding adjusted air volume / cooling capacity under the same abnormal temperature difference, only one value is retained;

[0062] Performing average processing on several air volumes or cooling capacities corresponding to the same abnormal temperature difference to obtain the average air volume or cooling capacities corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference; performing ratio processing on the average air volume or cooling capacities and the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference of each abnormal temperature difference; then performing average processing on the air volumes / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference to obtain the average air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference;

[0063] When either a fan or a liquid cooler is used, the average air volume / cooling capacity is multiplied by the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacity adjusted corresponding to the abnormal temperature;

[0064] When both the fan and the liquid cooler are used, the average air volume and average cooling capacity are weighted and summed with the corresponding abnormal temperature difference and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the air volume and cooling capacity adjusted for the abnormal temperature. For example: The air volume adjusted for the abnormal temperature = α × average air volume × abnormal temperature difference; The cooling capacity adjusted for the abnormal temperature = β × average cooling capacity × abnormal temperature difference; where α and β are weight coefficients, α and β are both greater than 0, and α+β=1.

[0065] For example: suppose there is a set of historical data, which records the abnormal temperature, air volume and cooling capacity of the battery under different working conditions, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and extract its maximum and minimum values; suppose the maximum value of the abnormal temperature difference is 10, the minimum value is 1, and an abnormal temperature difference is added between the minimum and the maximum value with a step size of 1, that is, the abnormal temperature difference sequence is [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], and the air volume or cooling capacity corresponding to each abnormal temperature difference in the abnormal temperature difference sequence is extracted from the historical data. Assuming that the temperature difference threshold range is [4-6], when the abnormal temperature difference is 4 or 5, a liquid cooler is used for cooling. The cooling capacity corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference of 4 is 2kw, 2kw, 2.5kw, 2.5kw, and 2.25kw, respectively, and only one of the same cooling capacity values ​​is retained, so the corresponding cooling capacity is 2kw, 2.5kw, and 2.25kw. Similarly, the cooling capacity corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference of 5 is 3kw, 3.1kw, and 3.5kw, respectively.

[0066] The average cooling capacity corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference of 4 is (2+2.5+2.25) / 3=2.25kw, and the cooling capacity corresponding to the unit temperature difference is calculated to be 2.25 / 4=0.56kw / ℃; the average cooling capacity corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference of 5 is (3+3.1+3.5) / 3=3.2kw, and the cooling capacity corresponding to the unit temperature difference is calculated to be 3.2 / 5=0.64kw / ℃; finally, by calculating (0.56+0.64) / 2=0.6kw / ℃, it means that 0.6kw of cooling capacity is required for every degree Celsius for cooling.

[0067] Assuming that the abnormal temperature difference of the battery obtained from the current analysis is 6, the required cooling capacity is 6×0.6=3.6kw to reduce the battery temperature to normal temperature.

[0068] The air volume or cooling capacity currently required by the battery is ratioed with the corresponding proportional coefficient to obtain the fan speed and the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler; wherein the proportional coefficient includes the fan speed proportional coefficient or the valve opening degree proportional coefficient of the liquid cooler.

[0069] Among them, the speed proportional coefficient is the speed required for unit air volume, and the valve opening proportional coefficient of the liquid cooler is the valve opening required for unit cooling capacity.

[0070] For example, according to the above embodiment, assuming that the valve opening ratio coefficient of the liquid cooling machine is 0.5, the valve opening ratio of the liquid cooling machine = 3.6 / 0.5 = 7.2.

[0071] See also Figure 2 A second aspect of the present invention provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Collect battery temperature information of the energy storage system;

[0073] Step 2: Analyze the battery status and analyze the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status;

[0074] Step 3: According to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is greater than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if not, the battery temperature is normal; if yes, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and select the battery cooling method;

[0075] Step 4: Analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

[0076] Part of the data in the above formula is calculated by removing the dimension and taking its numerical value. The formula is a formula closest to the actual situation obtained by software simulation of a large amount of collected data; the preset parameters and preset thresholds in the formula are set by technical personnel in this field according to actual conditions or obtained through simulation of a large amount of data.

[0077] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an energy storage system, characterized in that: Including temperature monitoring module and thermal management module; Temperature monitoring module: used to collect battery temperature information of the energy storage system; the battery temperature information includes the surface temperature of the battery pack and the temperature between the battery clusters; Thermal management module: used to analyze the battery status and analyze the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status; according to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is less than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; if yes, the battery temperature is normal; if no, the battery temperature is abnormal, calculate the abnormal temperature difference, and select the battery cooling method; wherein the cooling method includes cooling by fan or liquid cooler; and, Analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

2. The thermal management system of an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analyzing the battery status comprises: The output current of the battery is sampled, and the working state of the battery is determined according to the comparison result between the output current and the current threshold; wherein the working state includes a standby state, a charging state, and a discharging state.

3. The thermal management system of an energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analyzing the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery state includes: The abnormal temperatures of the battery at different monitoring locations under each state are extracted from the historical data, and the abnormal temperatures at the same monitoring location are averaged to obtain the abnormal temperature thresholds at different monitoring locations under each state.

4. The thermal management system of an energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery temperature is abnormal, the abnormal temperature difference is calculated, and a battery cooling method is selected, including: Performing difference processing on the abnormal battery temperature and the abnormal temperature threshold to obtain the abnormal temperature difference; comparing the abnormal temperature difference with the temperature difference threshold range; When the abnormal temperature difference is less than the left endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is within the temperature difference threshold range, a liquid cooler is used to cool the battery; when the abnormal temperature difference is greater than the right endpoint value of the temperature difference threshold range, a fan and a liquid cooler are used to cool the battery at the same time.

5. The thermal management system of an energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The analysis of the air volume or cooling capacity required when the current battery temperature is abnormal includes: The maximum abnormal temperature difference and the minimum abnormal temperature are extracted according to the historical data, and an abnormal temperature difference is set between the two at the same step length to obtain an abnormal temperature difference sequence; Extracting the air volumes of several fans and the cooling capacity of liquid coolers corresponding to each abnormal temperature difference in the abnormal temperature difference sequence from the historical data; if there are several identical values ​​of the air volumes / cooling capacity corresponding to the same abnormal temperature difference, only one value is retained; Performing average processing on several air volumes or cooling capacities corresponding to the same abnormal temperature difference to obtain the average air volume or cooling capacities corresponding to the abnormal temperature difference; performing ratio processing on the average air volume or cooling capacities and the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference of each abnormal temperature difference; then performing average processing on the air volumes / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference to obtain the average air volume / cooling capacities adjusted corresponding to the unit temperature difference; When either a fan or a liquid cooler is used, the average air volume / cooling capacity is multiplied by the corresponding abnormal temperature difference to obtain the air volume / cooling capacity adjusted corresponding to the abnormal temperature; When fans and liquid coolers are used at the same time, the average air volume and average cooling capacity are weightedly summed with the corresponding abnormal temperature difference and the corresponding weight coefficient to obtain the air volume and cooling capacity adjusted corresponding to the abnormal temperature.

6. The thermal management system of an energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the air volume or cooling capacity required when the battery temperature is abnormal, the speed of the fan or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler is adjusted, including: The air volume or cooling capacity currently required by the battery is ratioed with the corresponding proportional coefficient to obtain the fan speed and the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler; wherein the proportional coefficient includes the fan speed proportional coefficient or the valve opening degree proportional coefficient of the liquid cooler.

7. A thermal management method for an energy storage system, based on the operation of a thermal management system for an energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Collect battery temperature information of the energy storage system; Step 2: Analyze the battery status and analyze the abnormal temperature threshold under each battery status; Step 3: According to the battery status, determine whether the battery temperature is greater than the abnormal temperature threshold under the corresponding battery status; No, the battery temperature is normal; If yes, the battery temperature is abnormal, the abnormal temperature difference is calculated, and the battery cooling method is selected; Step 4: Analyze the air volume or cooling capacity required when the battery temperature is abnormal, and adjust the fan speed or the valve opening degree of the liquid cooler.

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