Intelligent monitoring method and system for electrochemical energy storage station

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of energy storage station monitoring technology, and specifically discloses an intelligent monitoring method and system for an electrochemical energy storage station. The method comprises: obtaining a battery pack health status reference data set and a battery pack health status data set, judging whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance, maintaining the battery pack that cannot perform peak-valley balance, obtaining a battery pack real-time operating status reference data set and a battery pack real-time operating status data set, judging whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets operating requirements. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional electrochemical energy storage station monitoring method is insufficiently stable during the peak-valley regulation process and cannot predict the battery life and performance degradation trend, helps to provide higher monitoring accuracy and ensure timeliness, while extending the battery life and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage station monitoring, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring method and system for an electrochemical energy storage station. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the acceleration of global energy transformation, electrochemical energy storage technology is playing an increasingly important role in the power system. Electrochemical energy storage stations can effectively improve the stability and efficiency of the power system. In recent years, the rapid development of Internet of Things technology has provided new solutions for the intelligent monitoring of electrochemical energy storage stations, which can monitor key parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature in real time. The intelligent monitoring system can accurately judge the current status of the battery, discover and deal with potential problems in a timely manner, thereby extending the battery life and ensuring its safe operation. The core of the intelligent monitoring system lies in data monitoring and analysis. The intelligent monitoring technology of electrochemical energy storage stations is the key to ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the energy storage system. With the continuous advancement of technology, the intelligent monitoring system will play a more important role in the future power system.

[0003] However, existing electrochemical energy storage station monitoring systems mostly rely on non-real-time communication technologies, which are difficult to meet the requirements of large-capacity electrochemical energy storage stations for real-time and consistency of power output. They have problems such as long startup time and power response oscillation. At the same time, it is also difficult to quickly process large amounts of information and complete high-quality battery pack health and operating status data analysis, resulting in insufficient stability during peak and valley regulation. There are also deficiencies in predicting battery life and performance degradation trends, making it impossible to maintain or replace the battery before it fails. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring method and system for an electrochemical energy storage station, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring method for an electrochemical energy storage station, comprising the following steps: determining a battery pack health status reference data set based on a historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, wherein the historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station specifically includes the historical operation years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operation fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station; monitoring the health status of the battery packs in the electrochemical energy storage station to obtain a battery pack health status data set, wherein the battery pack health status data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, the battery pack internal resistance, and the battery pack self-discharge rate; based on the battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a battery pack status characteristic value; based on the battery pack status characteristic value, it is determined whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance; if a battery pack can perform peak-valley balance, the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balance process; if a battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balance, the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balance process after maintenance. balancing process; based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the internal resistance of the battery pack, a battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set is obtained, and the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set specifically includes a reference discharge depth of the battery pack, a reference output voltage of the battery pack, and a reference recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack; during the peak-valley balancing process, a battery pack real-time operating status data set is obtained, and the battery pack real-time operating status data set specifically includes a battery pack discharge depth, a battery pack output voltage, and a recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack; the obtained battery pack real-time operating status data set is combined with the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set for analysis to determine the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value; based on the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value, it is judged whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, the peak-valley balancing process is continued; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, the backup battery pack is enabled.

[0006] As a further method, a battery pack health status reference data set is determined based on the historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station. The specific analysis process is: obtaining the historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, and based on the obtained historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, comprehensively analyzing to obtain an electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value, and using the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value as an analysis basis for determining the battery pack health status reference data set; storing the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value as a designated label, and comparing the designated label with the battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to each designated label stored in a database to obtain the battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to the designated label.

[0007] As a further method, the battery pack health status reference data set specifically includes a battery pack reference capacity, a battery pack reference internal resistance, and a battery pack reference self-discharge rate. Based on the battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a battery pack health status characteristic value, including the following steps: based on the acquired battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a battery pack health status characteristic value, and the battery pack health status characteristic value is used as an analysis basis for determining whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance.

[0008] As a further method, based on the battery pack condition characteristic value, it is judged whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing, including the following steps: comparing the battery pack condition characteristic value of a certain battery pack with the battery pack condition reference value stored in the database; if the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the battery pack condition reference value, then the battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing, and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process; if the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the battery pack condition reference value, then the battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balancing, and the battery pack is maintained and then put into the peak-valley balancing process.

[0009] As a further method, if the battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balancing, maintenance on the battery pack specifically includes the following steps: recording the difference between the battery pack condition characteristic value and the battery pack condition reference value of the battery pack that cannot perform peak-valley balancing as the battery pack condition deviation value, and comparing the battery pack condition deviation value with the battery pack condition deviation threshold stored in the database; if the battery pack condition deviation value is lower than the battery pack condition deviation threshold, connecting and electrically checking the battery pack corresponding to the battery pack condition deviation value, and cleaning the battery pack surface; if the battery pack condition deviation value is not lower than the battery pack condition deviation threshold, replacing the battery pack corresponding to the battery pack condition deviation value.

[0010] As a further method, a battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set is obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows: based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a battery pack condition comparison characteristic value, and the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value is used as an analysis basis for obtaining the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set; the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value is stored as a specified label, and the specified label is compared with the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set corresponding to each specified label stored in the database to obtain the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set corresponding to the specified label.

[0011] As a further method, determining the characteristic value of the real-time operating status of the battery pack includes the following steps: based on the battery pack real-time operating status data set and the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the characteristic value of the real-time operating status of the battery pack, and the characteristic value of the real-time operating status of the battery pack is used as an analysis basis for judging whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements.

[0012] As a further method, the real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack is analyzed as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where y is the real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack, fd is the depth of discharge of the battery pack, dw is the output voltage of the battery pack, yh is the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack, fd0 is the reference depth of discharge of the battery pack, dw0 is the reference output voltage of the battery pack, yh0 is the reference recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack, β1 is the compensation factor of the set fd, β2 is the compensation factor of the set dw, and β3 is the compensation factor of the set yh.

[0015] As a further method, the determination of whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements specifically includes the following steps: comparing the real-time operating status characteristic value of a battery pack with the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack stored in a database; if the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack, the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, and the peak-valley balancing process is continued; if the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack, the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, and the backup battery pack is activated.

[0016] The second aspect of the present invention provides an electrochemical energy storage station intelligent monitoring system, including a battery pack health status reference data acquisition module, a battery pack health status data acquisition module, a battery pack status characteristic value acquisition module, a peak-valley balance judgment module, a battery pack parameter data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module and an operation demand judgment module, wherein: the battery pack health status reference data acquisition module is used to determine the battery pack health status reference data set based on the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set, and the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set specifically includes the historical operation years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack status characteristic value determination module, the battery pack status characteristic value determination module and the operation demand judgment module. The number of historical maintenance times of the station, the operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station; the battery pack health status data acquisition module is used to monitor the health status of the battery pack in the electrochemical energy storage station and obtain the battery pack health status data set, and the battery pack health status data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, battery pack internal resistance, and battery pack self-discharge rate; the battery pack status characteristic value acquisition module obtains the battery pack status characteristic value through comprehensive analysis based on the battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set; the peak-valley balance judgment module is used to judge whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance based on the battery pack status characteristic value; if a battery pack can perform peak-valley balance, The battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process; if a battery pack cannot be peak-valley balanced, the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process after maintenance; the battery pack parameter data acquisition module is used to obtain the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance. The battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set specifically includes the battery pack reference discharge depth, the battery pack reference output voltage, and the battery pack internal chemical substance reference recovery ratio; the battery pack real-time data acquisition module obtains the battery pack real-time operating status data set during the peak-valley balancing process, and the battery The real-time operating status data set of the battery pack specifically includes the discharge depth of the battery pack, the output voltage of the battery pack, and the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack; the battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module analyzes the acquired battery pack real-time operating status data set in combination with the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set to determine the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack; the operation demand judgment module is used to judge whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operation demand based on the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operation demand, the peak-valley balancing process is continued; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operation demand, the backup battery pack is activated.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention provides an intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage stations, which can provide rapid information processing and data analysis, complete the collection of a large amount of information in a short period of time, and complete high-quality battery pack health status and operating status data analysis by acquiring information in real time. This method can provide high monitoring accuracy and ensure timeliness, and solve the shortcomings of traditional electrochemical energy storage station monitoring methods in the peak and valley regulation process.

[0019] (2) The present invention monitors the health status and operating conditions of the battery in real time, predicts the battery life and performance degradation trend, and discovers and handles problems that may affect battery performance in advance. The predictive maintenance strategy can perform maintenance or replacement before the battery fails, avoiding affecting the normal operation of the power station, thereby extending the battery life and reducing operation and maintenance costs. This method solves the shortcomings of traditional electrochemical energy storage station monitoring methods in predicting battery life and performance degradation trends.

[0020] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of system module connections of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring method for an electrochemical energy storage station, including: determining a battery pack health status reference data set based on a historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, wherein the historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station specifically includes the historical operation years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operation fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station.

[0026] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, and based on the obtained historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, comprehensively analyzing to obtain the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value, and using the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value as the analysis basis for determining the battery pack health status reference data set; storing the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value as a designated label, and comparing the designated label with the battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to each designated label stored in the database to obtain the battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to the designated label.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the electrochemical energy storage station status evaluation value is analyzed in the following manner:

[0028]

[0029] Where γ is the condition assessment value of the electrochemical energy storage station, N is the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, n is the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, pl is the operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station, θ1 is the compensation factor of the set N, θ2 is the compensation factor of the set n, θ3 is the compensation factor of the set pl, and e is a natural constant.

[0030] It should be explained that the above-mentioned electrochemical energy storage station condition assessment value is calculated through the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station. N, n, and pl are normalized. A separate analysis of the operating years, maintenance times, or operating fluctuation frequency may not fully reflect the health status of the electrochemical energy storage station. By combining these parameters into a condition assessment value, the operating status of the electrochemical energy storage station can be more comprehensively assessed. By combining multiple indicators, the error caused by fluctuations in a single indicator can be reduced, and the health status of the electrochemical energy storage station can be judged more accurately. According to the electrochemical energy storage station condition assessment value, different assessment values ​​can correspond to different battery pack health status reference data, thereby obtaining a battery pack health status reference data set.

[0031] It should be explained that the compensation factors of N, n, and pl set above are obtained from the database. Based on historical data, a mapping set of the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station and the compensation factors of N, n, and pl is established to obtain the compensation factors of N, n, and pl corresponding to the current N, n, and pl.

[0032] It should be noted that α1, α2, α3, β1, β2, and β3 mentioned below are also obtained through a mapping set of historical data and compensation factors established in a database, that is, the corresponding compensation factors are obtained based on current data.

[0033] The above-mentioned historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station refers to the length of time from the start of operation of the energy storage equipment to the current time, which is usually counted in years. This indicator is of great significance for evaluating the performance, economy and safety of the energy storage station. Generally speaking, the operating years of an electrochemical energy storage station are affected by many factors, including battery type, operating environment, maintenance, etc. The historical operating years of an electrochemical energy storage station is one of the important indicators for evaluating its health status. As the operating time increases, the performance of the equipment will gradually decline, which may lead to reduced energy storage efficiency and safety problems. By statistically analyzing the data of the operating years, the performance change trend of the equipment can be identified, and upgrades or replacements can be carried out when necessary. Batteries that have been running for a long time may experience a decrease in capacity or an increase in internal resistance. Regular health checks can timely discover these problems and take corresponding measures.

[0034] The operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station mentioned above refers to the standard deviation of the output power of the energy storage station within a certain period of time. It is an important indicator for measuring the operational stability of the energy storage station. The high or low fluctuation frequency directly affects the efficiency and life of the energy storage station. At the same time, the operating fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station is also a key factor reflecting its health status. Operational fluctuations may be caused by unstable performance of the equipment itself, or may be affected by external conditions, such as fluctuations in the power grid or intermittent supply of renewable energy. Analyzing these fluctuation frequencies can help understand the stability and reliability of the equipment, thereby optimizing the operating strategy and reducing the impact of fluctuations on the life and performance of the equipment. For example, by introducing advanced control algorithms and energy storage management systems, power output can be smoothed and the overall stability of the system can be improved.

[0035] The above analysis of the historical maintenance frequency of electrochemical energy storage stations can reveal the wear and aging of the equipment. Frequent maintenance usually means that the equipment has some potential problems or has reached a certain stage of its service life. The replacement frequency of battery modules can reflect the rate of performance degradation, which in turn helps predict future maintenance needs and possible failure risks. This analysis helps to develop more effective maintenance plans and replace or repair faulty components in a timely manner, thereby extending the overall life of the energy storage station.

[0036] The above in-depth analysis of the historical maintenance times, operating years, and operating fluctuation frequency of electrochemical energy storage stations can provide a comprehensive understanding of their health status, timely identify and resolve potential problems, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the energy storage stations and improving the efficiency and reliability of the energy system. This analysis method provides a scientific basis for the maintenance and management of electrochemical energy storage stations, which helps promote the sustainable development of the energy system.

[0037] Monitor the health status of the battery pack in the electrochemical energy storage station and obtain a battery pack health status data set, wherein the battery pack health status data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, battery pack internal resistance, and battery pack self-discharge rate.

[0038] Based on the battery pack health status dataset and the battery pack health status reference dataset, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack condition characteristic value.

[0039] The specific analysis process is as follows: the battery pack health status reference data set specifically includes the battery pack reference capacity, the battery pack reference internal resistance, and the battery pack reference self-discharge rate; based on the acquired battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack condition characteristic value, which is used as an analysis basis for determining whether the battery pack can achieve peak-valley balance.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the specific analysis process of the battery pack condition characteristic value is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] Wherein, x is the battery pack condition characteristic value, rl is the battery pack capacity, R is the battery pack internal resistance, dl is the battery pack self-discharge rate, rl0 is the battery pack reference capacity, R0 is the battery pack reference internal resistance, dl0 is the battery pack reference self-discharge rate, α1 is the compensation factor of the set R, α2 is the compensation factor of the set rl, and α3 is the compensation factor of the set dl.

[0043] The above-mentioned battery pack condition characteristic value is calculated through the battery pack capacity, battery pack internal resistance and battery pack self-discharge rate. rl, dl and R are normalized. Evaluating the battery pack capacity, battery pack internal resistance and battery pack self-discharge rate separately may not fully reflect the health status of the battery pack. By combining these indicators into a battery pack condition characteristic value, the health status of the operating battery pack can be more comprehensively evaluated. Integrating the characteristic values ​​of multiple indicators can reduce the error caused by the fluctuation of a single indicator, improve the accuracy of the overall evaluation, and make a more accurate judgment on whether the battery pack can achieve peak-valley balance.

[0044] The self-discharge rate of a battery pack refers to the ability of the battery to retain the stored charge under certain conditions when the battery is in an open circuit state. It reflects the energy loss rate of the battery when it is not in use. It is determined by measuring the open circuit voltage change rate of the battery over a period of time and combining it with the voltage decay slope and the calculation of the decay capacity corresponding to the unit time. In a battery pack, inconsistent self-discharge may lead to greater SOC differences between batteries, affecting the performance and life of the entire battery pack. In addition, self-discharge will reduce the available capacity of the battery, affect the battery life, affect the accurate estimation of the battery status, and may cause errors in the SOC prediction of the battery management system (BMS). At the same time, it will accelerate battery aging and shorten the battery life. Severe self-discharge may cause thermal runaway of the battery and cause safety issues. The degradation of battery performance caused by self-discharge may increase the frequency of battery replacement and may limit the application of batteries in high temperature or high humidity environments.

[0045] The internal resistance of a battery pack is one of the important parameters for measuring the performance of a battery pack. It reflects the resistance inside the battery. An increase in internal resistance usually means a decrease in battery performance. An increase in battery internal resistance will not only reduce the charging and discharging efficiency, but may also cause the battery to heat up, thereby accelerating battery aging. By regularly measuring the internal resistance of the battery, abnormal conditions inside the battery can be discovered in a timely manner to prevent potential safety risks. An increase in internal resistance may indicate a short circuit or other fault inside the battery. Taking timely measures can effectively reduce these risks and ensure the safe use of the battery. In addition, internal resistance measurement can also be used for the selection and acceptance of battery packs. Selecting single cells with uniform internal resistance values ​​to form a battery pack can greatly extend the service life of the battery pack.

[0046] Battery pack capacity is another key indicator for evaluating the health of a battery pack. Battery capacity reflects how much electricity a battery can store and release. As the battery is used and ages, its capacity will gradually decrease. By using methods such as the ampere-hour integration method to monitor and calculate the total charge and discharge ampere-hours of the battery in real time and compare it with the rated capacity of the battery, the battery's capacity retention can be accurately assessed. A decrease in capacity not only affects the use time of the device, but may also indicate changes in the chemical process inside the battery.

[0047] The battery pack condition characteristic value comprehensively evaluates the health status of the battery pack by combining the internal resistance, capacity and self-discharge rate of the battery pack, which can provide a multi-dimensional understanding of the health status of the battery pack. This comprehensive evaluation method not only helps to detect battery problems in a timely manner, but also provides a scientific basis for battery maintenance and replacement. Through early detection and timely intervention, it can effectively extend the battery life, reduce maintenance costs, and improve the efficiency and safety of equipment. The evaluation of the internal resistance, capacity and self-discharge rate of the battery pack plays an important role in battery pack health management. Through the monitoring and analysis of these indicators, the operating status and health status of the battery pack can be fully understood to ensure the safe, efficient and reliable operation of the battery pack in various application scenarios.

[0048] Based on the battery pack status characteristic values, determine whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing; if a battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing, then put the battery pack into the peak-valley balancing process; if a battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balancing, then put the battery pack into the peak-valley balancing process after maintenance.

[0049] The specific analysis process is as follows: compare the battery pack condition characteristic value of a certain battery pack with the battery pack condition reference value stored in the database; if the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the battery pack condition reference value, then the battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process; if the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the battery pack condition reference value, then the battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balancing and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process after maintenance.

[0050] By obtaining the battery pack condition characteristic values ​​obtained by comprehensive analysis of the battery pack internal resistance, capacity and self-discharge rate, it is possible to more comprehensively judge whether the battery pack is suitable for peak-valley balancing. The internal resistance of the battery pack directly affects the output power and efficiency of the battery. Batteries with smaller internal resistance have smaller energy losses during the charging and discharging process and can convert and store energy more efficiently. Therefore, under the peak-valley electricity price mechanism, batteries with smaller internal resistance can charge quickly and efficiently during the low-valley electricity price period and provide stable power output during the peak electricity price period, thereby reducing electricity costs. Batteries with lower self-discharge rates can maintain their stored electrical energy for a longer period of time and reduce energy loss. For peak-valley balancing applications, this means that the battery can be charged during the low-valley electricity price period and then During peak electricity price periods, there is still enough electricity for use, thereby improving the effect of peak-valley balancing. If the self-discharge rate of the battery is high, more electricity will be lost during the storage period, affecting the benefits of peak-valley balancing. In peak-valley balancing applications, the battery pack needs to store as much electricity as possible during low electricity price periods to meet the electricity demand during peak periods. Therefore, battery packs with larger capacity are more suitable for peak-valley balancing. They can store more electricity when electricity prices are low and release this electricity when electricity prices are high, reducing the need to purchase electricity from the power grid, thereby reducing electricity costs. Therefore, battery packs with small internal resistance, large capacity and low self-discharge rate have more advantages in peak-valley balancing applications, and can more effectively reduce electricity costs and improve the utilization efficiency of power resources.

[0051] Based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the internal resistance of the battery pack, a real-time operating status parameter data set of the battery pack is obtained. The real-time operating status parameter data set of the battery pack specifically includes a reference discharge depth of the battery pack, a reference output voltage of the battery pack, and a reference recovery ratio of chemical substances inside the battery pack.

[0052] The specific analysis process is as follows: based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value, and the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set; the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value is stored as a specified label, and the specified label is compared with the battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set corresponding to each specified label stored in the database to obtain the battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set corresponding to the specified label.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, the battery pack status is compared with the characteristic value, and the specific analysis process is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] It should be explained that the above-mentioned battery pack condition comparison characteristic value is calculated through the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance. n, rl, N, and R are normalized. The separate evaluation of the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance may not fully reflect the real-time operating status of the battery pack. By combining these indicators into a battery pack condition comparison characteristic value, the real-time operating status of the battery pack can be evaluated more comprehensively. Integrating the characteristic values ​​of multiple indicators can reduce the error caused by the fluctuation of a single indicator, making the final result more accurate.

[0056] It should be explained that the battery pack condition comparison characteristic values ​​obtained by comprehensively considering the battery pack capacity, internal resistance, historical operating years and maintenance times can more comprehensively and accurately obtain the real-time operating condition parameter data set of the battery pack. The real-time operating condition reference value of the battery pack obtained by comprehensively considering multiple factors can provide more comprehensive and accurate data support for decision-making, and can more comprehensively and accurately evaluate the real-time operating condition of the battery pack, thereby optimizing battery management, reducing safety risks, improving economic benefits, and providing data support for decision-making.

[0057] During the peak-valley balancing process, a real-time operating status data set of the battery pack is obtained. The real-time operating status data set of the battery pack specifically includes the discharge depth of the battery pack, the output voltage of the battery pack, and the recovery ratio of chemical substances inside the battery pack.

[0058] The acquired real-time operating status data set of the battery pack is combined with the real-time operating status parameter data set of the battery pack to analyze and determine the characteristic value of the real-time operating status of the battery pack.

[0059] The specific analysis process is as follows: based on the battery pack real-time operating status data set and the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value, and the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value is used as the analysis basis for judging whether the battery pack real-time operating status meets the operating requirements.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack is analyzed in the following process:

[0061]

[0062] Where y is the real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack, fd is the depth of discharge of the battery pack, dw is the output voltage of the battery pack, yh is the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack, fd0 is the reference depth of discharge of the battery pack, dw0 is the reference output voltage of the battery pack, yh0 is the reference recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack, β1 is the compensation factor of the set fd, β2 is the compensation factor of the set dw, and β3 is the compensation factor of the set yh.

[0063] The real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack is calculated through the battery pack discharge depth, battery pack output voltage, and the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack. fd, yh, and dw are normalized. Separately evaluating the battery pack discharge depth, battery pack output voltage, and the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack may not fully reflect the real-time operating status of the battery pack. By combining these indicators into a real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack, the real-time operating status of the battery pack can be evaluated more comprehensively. Integrating the characteristic values ​​of multiple indicators can reduce the error caused by the fluctuation of a single indicator and make the final result more accurate. By monitoring the operating status of the battery pack in real time, the working status of the equipment can be adjusted in time to ensure that the equipment operates in the best condition.

[0064] Depth of discharge refers to the ratio of the discharged capacity of a battery to its total capacity. Real-time monitoring of the depth of discharge of a battery pack can help us understand the current discharge status of the battery. By monitoring this indicator, we can prevent the battery from over-discharging. Over-discharging will damage the chemical substances inside the battery, resulting in shortened battery life or even failure. At the same time, monitoring the output voltage of the battery pack can timely detect voltage anomalies. Voltage that is too low or too high may cause equipment damage or safety problems.

[0065] By real-time monitoring of the battery pack's depth of discharge, output voltage, and recovery ratio of internal chemical substances, the real-time operating status characteristic values ​​of the battery pack can be obtained, which can provide an in-depth understanding of the battery's working status. Through long-term monitoring of the battery pack's depth of discharge, output voltage, and recovery ratio of internal chemical substances, a large amount of data can be accumulated. Predicting the remaining life of the battery through data analysis helps to plan battery replacement or maintenance in advance and avoid equipment downtime or safety accidents caused by sudden battery failure. In addition, real-time monitoring can also help to promptly detect potential problems of the battery pack, such as aging and damage, so that timely repairs or replacements can be carried out to reduce maintenance costs. It can also improve the efficiency and safety of battery use, optimize charging strategies, and predict battery life and maintenance needs.

[0066] Based on the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack, determine whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, continue to invest in the peak-valley balancing process; if the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, activate the backup battery pack.

[0067] The specific analysis process is: compare the real-time operating status characteristic value of a battery pack with the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack stored in the database; if the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack, the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, and the peak-valley balancing process continues; if the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the real-time operating status reference value of the battery pack, the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, and the backup battery pack is activated.

[0068] The depth of discharge of a battery pack directly affects its remaining capacity. By monitoring the depth of discharge, we can accurately grasp how long the battery pack can continue to supply power, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment. By properly controlling the depth of discharge, we can avoid deep discharge of the battery pack, thereby extending its charging life. Deep discharge will reduce the activity of chemical substances inside the battery and accelerate battery aging. In addition, by real-time monitoring of the depth of discharge and output voltage, we can effectively prevent safety issues such as battery pack overheating, deformation, and even explosion, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0069] Judging the real-time operating status of a battery pack by its depth of discharge, output voltage, and internal chemical recovery ratio is beneficial for ensuring normal operation, extending its service life, ensuring safety and economy, and optimizing its performance. Output voltage is a key indicator of whether a battery pack can meet operational requirements. Real-time monitoring of output voltage can promptly detect voltage fluctuations or drops. Understanding the recovery ratio of the internal chemical substances of the battery pack helps assess the health status and remaining life of the battery pack, which provides an important basis for predicting the future performance of the battery pack, effectively ensuring that the battery pack can maintain stable operation throughout its entire service life and extending its service life. In addition, monitoring output voltage and internal chemical recovery ratio helps promptly detect potential battery pack problems, such as charge and discharge imbalance and increased internal resistance. Real-time monitoring can promptly detect and resolve problems, thereby extending the service life of the battery pack. Real-time monitoring of battery pack operating status can help optimize battery pack use and management, and is of great significance for improving equipment reliability and reducing operating costs.

[0070] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring system for an electrochemical energy storage station, including: a battery pack health status reference data acquisition module, a battery pack health status data acquisition module, a battery pack status characteristic value acquisition module, a peak-valley balance judgment module, a battery pack parameter data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module and an operation demand judgment module.

[0071] The battery pack health status reference data acquisition module is used to determine the battery pack health status reference data set based on the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set. The electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set specifically includes the historical operation years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operation fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station.

[0072] The battery pack health data acquisition module is used to monitor the health of the battery pack in the electrochemical energy storage station and obtain a battery pack health data set. The battery pack health data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, battery pack internal resistance, and battery pack self-discharge rate.

[0073] The battery pack condition characteristic value acquisition module obtains the battery pack condition characteristic value through comprehensive analysis based on the battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set.

[0074] The peak-valley balancing judgment module is used to judge whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing based on the battery pack condition characteristic value; if a battery pack can perform peak-valley balancing, the battery pack will be put into the peak-valley balancing process; if a battery pack cannot perform peak-valley balancing, the battery pack will be put into the peak-valley balancing process after maintenance.

[0075] The battery pack parameter data acquisition module is used to obtain the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance. The battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set specifically includes the battery pack reference discharge depth, the battery pack reference output voltage, and the reference recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack.

[0076] The battery pack real-time data acquisition module obtains the battery pack real-time operating status data set during the peak-valley balancing process. The battery pack real-time operating status data set specifically includes the battery pack discharge depth, battery pack output voltage, and battery pack internal chemical recovery ratio.

[0077] The battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module analyzes the acquired battery pack real-time operating status data set in combination with the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set to determine the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value.

[0078] The operation demand judgment module is used to judge whether the real-time operation status of the battery pack meets the operation demand based on the real-time operation status characteristic value of the battery pack; if the real-time operation status of the battery pack meets the operation demand, the peak-valley balancing process will continue; if the real-time operation status of the battery pack does not meet the operation demand, the backup battery pack will be activated.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, an electrochemical energy storage station has a historical operating history of 10 years, a historical maintenance count of 5 times, an operating fluctuation frequency of 1.5, a compensation factor of N of 0.02, a compensation factor of n of 0.01, and a compensation factor of pl of 0.5. A calculated electrochemical energy storage station condition assessment value is 28.87, which is stored as a designated label. The label corresponds to a battery pack health status reference data set with a battery pack reference capacity of 100 Ah, a reference internal resistance of 0.08 Ω, and a reference self-discharge rate of 0.015.

[0080] The capacity of a battery pack in this electrochemical energy storage station is 90 Ah, the reference capacity is 100 Ah, the internal resistance is 0.1 Ω, the reference internal resistance is 0.08 Ω, the self-discharge rate is 0.02, the reference self-discharge rate is 0.015, the compensation factor of rl is 0.3, the compensation factor of R is 0.5, and the compensation factor of dl is 0.7. The calculated battery pack condition characteristic value is 0.359. Since the battery pack condition characteristic value 0.359 is not greater than the battery pack condition reference value 0.5 stored in the database, the battery pack can be peak-valley balanced, and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process.

[0081] The electrochemical energy storage station has a historical operation history of 10 years and a historical maintenance frequency of 5 times. The capacity of one of its battery packs is 90 Ah, the internal resistance of the battery pack is 0.1 Ω, the compensation factor of N is 0.02, the compensation factor of n is 0.01, the compensation factor of rl is 0.3, and the compensation factor of R is 0.5. The calculated battery pack condition comparison eigenvalue is 73.72, which is stored as a specified label. The corresponding battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set for the label is a battery pack reference discharge depth of 1, a reference output voltage of 4.0 V, and a reference recovery ratio of internal chemical substances of 0.9.

[0082] The battery pack discharge depth is 0.8, the reference discharge depth is 1, the battery pack output voltage is 3.7V, the reference output voltage is 4.0V, the battery pack internal chemical substance recovery ratio is 0.85, the internal chemical substance reference recovery ratio is 0.9, the fd compensation factor is 0.6, the dw compensation factor is 0.4, and the yh compensation factor is 0.3. The calculated battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value is 0.526. Since the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value 0.526 is not greater than the battery pack real-time operating status reference value 1 stored in the database, the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements and can continue to be put into the peak-valley balancing process.

[0083] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring method for an electrochemical energy storage station, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine a battery pack health status reference data set based on an electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set, wherein the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set specifically includes the number of years of historical operation of the electrochemical energy storage station, the number of historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operation fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station; Monitor the health status of the battery pack in the electrochemical energy storage station and obtain a battery pack health status data set, wherein the battery pack health status data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, the battery pack internal resistance, and the battery pack self-discharge rate; Based on the battery health status data set and the battery health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery status characteristic value; Based on the characteristic value of the battery pack status, determine whether the battery pack can achieve peak-valley balance; If a battery pack can be peak-valley balanced, the battery pack will be put into the peak-valley balancing process; If a battery group cannot be peak-valley balanced, the battery group will be put into peak-valley balancing process after maintenance; Based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the internal resistance of the battery pack, a parameter data set of the real-time operating status of the battery pack is obtained, wherein the parameter data set of the real-time operating status of the battery pack specifically includes a reference discharge depth of the battery pack, a reference output voltage of the battery pack, and a reference recovery ratio of chemical substances inside the battery pack; During the peak-valley balancing process, a real-time operating status data set of the battery pack is obtained, wherein the real-time operating status data set of the battery pack specifically includes the discharge depth of the battery pack, the output voltage of the battery pack, and the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack; Analyze the acquired real-time operating status data set of the battery pack in combination with the real-time operating status parameter data set of the battery pack to determine the characteristic value of the real-time operating status of the battery pack; Based on the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack, judging whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements; If the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, the peak-valley balancing process will continue; If the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, the backup battery pack is activated; The real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack, the specific analysis process is as follows: ； In the formula, is the real-time operating status characteristic value of the battery pack, is the battery pack discharge depth, is the battery pack output voltage, The recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack. The reference discharge depth of the battery pack is is the reference output voltage of the battery pack, It is the reference recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack. For setting The compensation factor, For setting The compensation factor is For setting The compensation factor of Battery pack condition characteristic value, the specific analysis process is: ； In the formula, is the characteristic value of the battery pack condition, is the battery capacity, is the internal resistance of the battery pack, is the battery pack self-discharge rate, is the reference capacity of the battery pack, is the reference internal resistance of the battery pack, is the reference self-discharge rate of the battery pack, For setting The compensation factor, For setting The compensation factor, For setting compensation factor.

2. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis process of determining the battery pack health status reference data set based on the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set is as follows: Acquire a historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, and obtain an electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value based on the acquired historical operation data set of the electrochemical energy storage station, and use the electrochemical energy storage station status assessment value as an analysis basis for determining a reference data set for the health status of the battery pack; The electrochemical energy storage station condition assessment value is stored as a designated label, and the designated label is compared with a battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to each designated label stored in a database to obtain a battery pack health status reference data set corresponding to the designated label.

3. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery health status reference data set specifically includes a battery reference capacity, a battery reference internal resistance, and a battery reference self-discharge rate. The battery health status data set and the battery health status reference data set are comprehensively analyzed to obtain a battery status characteristic value, including the following steps: Based on the acquired battery health status data set and battery health status reference data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain a battery status characteristic value, which is used as an analysis basis for determining whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance.

4. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of judging whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance based on the battery pack condition characteristic value comprises the following steps: Comparing a battery pack condition characteristic value of a battery pack with a battery pack condition reference value stored in a database; If the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the battery pack condition reference value, the battery pack can be subjected to peak-valley balancing, and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process; If the battery pack condition characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the battery pack condition reference value, the battery pack cannot be peak-valley balanced, and the battery pack is put into the peak-valley balancing process after maintenance.

5. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery pack cannot be peak-valley balanced. Maintenance of the battery pack includes the following steps: Recording the difference between the battery pack condition characteristic value and the battery pack condition reference value of the battery pack that cannot perform peak-valley balancing as a battery pack condition deviation value, and comparing the battery pack condition deviation value with a battery pack condition deviation threshold stored in a database; If the battery pack condition deviation value is lower than the battery pack condition deviation threshold, the battery pack corresponding to the battery pack condition deviation value is connected and electrically inspected, and the surface of the battery pack is cleaned; If the battery pack condition deviation value is not lower than the battery pack condition deviation threshold, the battery pack corresponding to the battery pack condition deviation value is replaced.

6. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific analysis process of obtaining the real-time operating status parameter data set of the battery pack is as follows: Based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack condition comparison characteristic value, which is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the parameter data set of the real-time operating status of the battery pack; The battery pack condition comparison feature value is stored as a designated tag, and the designated tag is compared with the battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set corresponding to each designated tag stored in the database to obtain the battery pack real-time operating condition parameter data set corresponding to the designated tag.

7. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack comprises the following steps: Based on the battery pack real-time operating status data set and the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value, which is used as an analysis basis for judging whether the battery pack's real-time operating status meets the operating requirements.

8. The intelligent monitoring method for electrochemical energy storage station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of judging whether the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements specifically includes the following steps: Comparing a battery pack real-time operating condition characteristic value of a battery pack with a battery pack real-time operating condition reference value stored in a database; If the battery pack real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack is not greater than the battery pack real-time operating condition reference value, the real-time operating condition of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, and the peak-valley balancing process continues; If the battery pack real-time operating condition characteristic value of the battery pack is greater than the battery pack real-time operating condition reference value, the real-time operating condition of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, and the backup battery pack is activated.

9. An intelligent monitoring system for an electrochemical energy storage station, applied to the intelligent monitoring method for an electrochemical energy storage station according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes a battery pack health status reference data acquisition module, a battery pack health status data acquisition module, a battery pack status characteristic value acquisition module, a peak-valley balance judgment module, a battery pack parameter data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time data acquisition module, a battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module and an operation demand judgment module, wherein: The battery pack health status reference data acquisition module is used to determine the battery pack health status reference data set based on the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set, and the electrochemical energy storage station historical operation data set specifically includes the number of historical operation years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the number of historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, and the operation fluctuation frequency of the electrochemical energy storage station; The battery pack health status data acquisition module is used to monitor the health status of the battery pack in the electrochemical energy storage station and acquire a battery pack health status data set, wherein the battery pack health status data set specifically includes the battery pack capacity, the battery pack internal resistance, and the battery pack self-discharge rate; The battery pack condition characteristic value acquisition module obtains the battery pack condition characteristic value by comprehensive analysis based on the battery pack health status data set and the battery pack health status reference data set; The peak-valley balance determination module is used to determine whether the battery pack can perform peak-valley balance based on the battery pack status characteristic value; If a battery pack can be peak-valley balanced, the battery pack will be put into the peak-valley balancing process; If a battery group cannot be peak-valley balanced, the battery group will be put into peak-valley balancing process after maintenance; The battery pack parameter data acquisition module is used to acquire a battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set based on the historical operating years of the electrochemical energy storage station, the historical maintenance times of the electrochemical energy storage station, the battery pack capacity, and the battery pack internal resistance. The battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set specifically includes a battery pack reference discharge depth, a battery pack reference output voltage, and a battery pack internal chemical substance reference recovery ratio; The battery pack real-time data acquisition module acquires a battery pack real-time operating status data set during the peak-valley balancing process, wherein the battery pack real-time operating status data set specifically includes the battery pack discharge depth, the battery pack output voltage, and the recovery ratio of the chemical substances inside the battery pack; The battery pack real-time characteristic value determination module analyzes the acquired battery pack real-time operating status data set in combination with the battery pack real-time operating status parameter data set to determine the battery pack real-time operating status characteristic value; The operation demand judgment module is used to judge whether the real-time operation status of the battery pack meets the operation demand based on the real-time operation status characteristic value of the battery pack; If the real-time operating status of the battery pack meets the operating requirements, the peak-valley balancing process will continue; If the real-time operating status of the battery pack does not meet the operating requirements, the backup battery pack is activated.

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