Heat dissipation method and device of permanent magnet motor control system

Abstract

A heat dissipation method and a heat dissipation device for a permanent magnet motor control system are characterized in that a heat dissipation component is mounted on the outer side of a motor stator in the circumferential direction, and electronic elements with high heat productivity are dispersedly mounted on the outer side of the heat dissipation component, so that the electronic elements with high heat productivity are prevented from heating intensively; the hollow and mutually communicated box bodies are arranged on the outer side of the heat dissipation component in the circumferential direction, so that the heat dissipation area of the heat dissipation component is enlarged. The electronic component with high heat productivity is placed in the hollow box body, and the heat dissipation device is arranged to dissipate heat of the electronic component with high heat productivity. Therefore, the permanent magnet synchronous motor provided with the control system is effectively cooled, and the cooling device is low in cost, can be suitable for motors of various models, and is high in applicability. Besides, various electronic components are placed in the box body, dust in the air can be prevented from entering the box body and damaging the electronic components, workers can be prevented from directly touching the electronic components, and potential safety hazards are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a heat dissipation method and apparatus for a permanent magnet motor, and more specifically to a heat dissipation method and apparatus for a permanent magnet motor control system. Background Technology

[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) offer numerous advantages over brushed motors, including superior torque-speed characteristics, high-speed dynamic response, high efficiency, long lifespan, low noise, and high speed. Due to these characteristics, PMSMs are widely used in everyday appliances, the automotive industry, aerospace, consumer electronics, medical electronics, and industrial automation devices and instruments. However, the control systems of PMSMs are more complex than those of ordinary asynchronous motors, employing various control methods. To ensure good control performance, inverters and control circuit boards are required to drive and control the PMSM. These control devices generate significant heat during operation, necessitating heat dissipation measures. Currently, the heat dissipation of permanent magnet synchronous motor control systems involves centrally installing control system components within a single control unit box and using a dedicated cooling device to dissipate heat from these components. This often involves installing a fan within the control unit box for cooling. However, this results in a very large control system. Therefore, current permanent magnet synchronous motors typically place the frequency converter of the control system in a separate control unit box, which is detrimental to motor control and prevents the integration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor body with the motor control system. Although recent advancements in power control devices such as semiconductors and chips have led to the miniaturization of these heat-generating electronic components, centralizing them within a single control unit box still requires a separate cooling device, making the control unit box extremely large. This also makes direct mounting on the motor housing impractical and could negatively impact the motor's operational stability. Therefore, it is essential to improve this approach.

[0003] Through search, no publicly available technology identical to the technical solution of this invention was found; only some related patents were retrieved. The closest technologies are as follows: 1. Patent CN202210659355.6, entitled "A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Controller Based on Multiple Heat Dissipation," discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller based on multiple heat dissipation, including a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller housing cover and a circuit board body. The circuit board body is disposed inside the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller housing cover. The housing cover has a heat conduction mechanism that cooperates with the circuit board body. The top inner wall of the housing cover has two exhaust holes, each containing a first dust filter. An exhaust hood is fixedly connected to the top inner wall of the housing cover. A first worm gear is disposed inside the housing cover, and an exhaust assembly is disposed inside the exhaust hood. Both ends of the first worm gear are connected to the inner wall of the housing cover via first bearings. Both sides of the inner wall of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller box cover are provided with air inlets. Both sides of the box cover are fixedly connected with fixing rings. The fixing rings are provided with a second dust filter screen. The second dust filter screen is adapted to the air inlet screen. The second dust filter screen and the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller box cover are connected by an elastic mechanism. Two baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing rings. A connecting frame is fixedly connected to the second dust filter screen. The top of the connecting frame is provided with a first movable plate. One side of the connecting frame is provided with a push plate. The push plate and the first movable plate are connected by a lifting mechanism. The first movable plate and the first worm gear are connected by a transmission mechanism. The permanent magnet synchronous motor controller box cover is provided with a drive mechanism that cooperates with the first worm gear. However, this patent only considers the heat dissipation of the circuit board body and still uses an independent heat dissipation mechanism. This will increase the volume of the control box cover and is not conducive to the integrated structural design of the motor and control system.

[0004] 2. Patent CN202210989198.5, entitled "A Cooling System for a Battery-Powered Distributed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Controller," discloses a cooling system for a battery-powered distributed permanent magnet synchronous motor controller. The system includes a cooling box, a water tank connected to one side of the cooling box via a return water pipe, and a heat dissipation tank fixedly connected to the top of the water tank at the other end of the return water pipe. A heat dissipation unit is movably connected to the heat dissipation tank. An air-cooling mechanism is mounted on the cooling box, and a first water-cooling component is fixedly connected inside the cooling box. The first water-cooling component is movably connected to... The device is equipped with a heat dissipation unit, and a second water-cooling component is fixedly connected in the water tank. The cooling speed of the circulating cooling medium is accelerated through the cooperation between the air-cooling mechanism and the first water-cooling component. At the same time, the heat dissipation unit intermittently contacts the heat dissipation tank. When the heat dissipation unit and the heat dissipation tank are installed, the heat dissipation unit can absorb the heat from the heat dissipation tank. When the heat dissipation unit is removed from the heat dissipation tank, the contact area between the heat dissipation unit and the air increases. The heat dissipation unit and the air-cooling mechanism work together to improve their heat dissipation efficiency. Although this heat dissipation structure can achieve a good heat dissipation effect by using water cooling, the size and structure of the heat dissipation device are very large, making it impossible to achieve an integrated structure of the motor body and the control system.

[0005] 3. Patent CN202211112643.6, entitled "A Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Controller with a Cooling Structure," discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor controller with a cooling structure, comprising a motor controller housing and a circuit board body. The circuit board body is disposed within the motor controller housing. The bottom of the circuit board body and the bottom inner wall of the motor controller housing are connected by several first connecting plates. Several mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the bottom of the motor controller housing. Rotary shells are provided at both the top and bottom of the motor controller housing. Each rotating shell is a cavity structure with one open end. The rotating shells are connected to the motor controller housing by rotating components. Several first rotating shafts are provided above and below the circuit board body. Each first rotating shaft is equipped with... The device includes several fixedly connected cooling fan blades. One end of a first rotating shaft, away from the circuit board body, penetrates the inner wall of one side of the motor controller housing. A first bearing is located at the penetration point between the first rotating shaft and the motor controller housing. Several first gears are located inside the rotating housing. One end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a first gear. A first gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating housing. The first gears mesh with the teeth on the inner wall of the first gear ring. Two second rotating shafts are located inside the motor controller housing. A rotary drive mechanism that cooperates with the two second rotating shafts is provided on the motor controller housing. The second rotating shafts and the rotating housing are connected via a transmission mechanism. Several mounting holes are opened on the top inner wall of the motor controller housing. Dustproof screens are installed in the mounting holes, and elastic support mechanisms that cooperate with the dustproof screens are provided in the mounting holes. The dustproof net has a baffle plate on top, which is connected to the motor controller housing via a resetter. Two cleaning brushes are located on the top of the motor controller housing, and a second connecting plate is positioned above the cleaning brushes. The second connecting plate is fixedly connected to a rotating shell located on top of the motor controller housing. The cleaning brushes and the second connecting plate are connected via an elastic pressing unit. Through the design of the rotary drive mechanism, two second rotating shafts can be driven to rotate. Through the design of the rotating component, the rotating shell is rotatably connected relative to the motor controller housing. Through the design of the transmission mechanism, when the second rotating shafts rotate, they can drive the two rotating shells to rotate. When the second rotating shafts rotate, they drive the rotating shells to rotate. Through the engagement of the first gear ring and the first gear, when the rotating shell drives the first gear ring to rotate, the first gear ring drives... Several first gears rotate synchronously, causing several first shafts located above and below the circuit board body to rotate simultaneously. This allows the cooling fan blades to dissipate heat from the top and bottom of the circuit board body, reducing heat accumulation and improving the stability of the permanent magnet synchronous motor controller. The dustproof mesh design reduces the possibility of external dust entering the motor controller housing through the mounting holes. While the rotating housing rotates, the rotating shell at the top of the motor controller housing drives two second connecting plates to rotate, causing a cleaning brush to rotate on the top of the motor controller housing. The cleaning brush cleans the dustproof mesh. The elastic pressing unit design allows the cleaning brush to elastically connect to the second connecting plates, thus allowing the cleaning brush to elastically press against the top of the dustproof mesh.Ensure the cleaning brush makes contact with the dust filter. This patent only addresses heat dissipation of the circuit board itself, and also suffers from a large and complex cooling system structure, making it unsuitable for integrated design with the motor body.

[0006] In summary, the heat dissipation methods of existing permanent magnet synchronous motor control systems still suffer from problems such as complex structure, large size, and failure to consider the heat dissipation of frequency converters, making it impossible to achieve an integrated structure between the motor control system and the motor body. Therefore, further improvements are still necessary. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to simplify the heat dissipation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor control system and effectively arrange the components of the control system with high heat generation so as to improve the heat dissipation effect of the motor control system and ensure the normal operation of the motor.

[0008] In response to the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is: a heat dissipation method for a permanent magnet motor control system, characterized in that, by installing a heat dissipation component in the circumferential direction on the outside of the motor stator, the electronic components with high heat generation are dispersedly installed on the outside of the heat dissipation component to avoid concentrated heat generation of the electronic components; and by installing hollow, interconnected boxes in the circumferential direction on the outside of the heat dissipation component to expand the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat dissipation component.

[0009] Preferably, a heat dissipation component is provided outside the stator frame, the heat dissipation component is sleeved on the frame and made in contact with the frame, so that the heat on the frame is transferred to the heat dissipation component, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the frame.

[0010] Preferably, heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed on the outside of the stator, and a hollow shell is provided in the heat dissipation component. The shell is fitted onto the base so that the heat dissipation fins contact the inner wall of the shell of the heat dissipation component, thereby transferring heat from the base to the heat dissipation component.

[0011] Preferably, heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed on the outer side of the stator, a hollow shell is provided in the heat dissipation component, and heat dissipation fins are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the shell. The shell is fitted onto the base, so that the heat dissipation fins on the inner side of the shell and the heat dissipation fins on the outer side of the base are staggered, and the heat dissipation fins abut against the outer side of the base, so as to transfer the heat on the base to the heat dissipation component.

[0012] Preferably, hollow housings are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer side of the casing, and the electronic components with high heat generation are placed in the hollow housings, so that the heat on the base is transferred to the heat dissipation components, and then transferred to the housing through the heat dissipation components.

[0013] Preferably, an outer shell and a support plate are installed in the enclosure. First, the bottom of the support plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the shell, and then the outer shell is installed on the support plate. Adjacent enclosures are installed close to each other, so that the outer sides of the outer shells of adjacent enclosures are pressed against each other, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect between the enclosures.

[0014] Preferably, each enclosure includes two or more support plates, with gaps between adjacent support plates, so that the enclosures on the outside of the shell are interconnected, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect between the enclosures.

[0015] A heat dissipation device for a permanent magnet motor control system includes a housing and a heat dissipation component. The heat dissipation component is installed in the circumferential direction outside the motor stator, and a hollow housing is installed in the circumferential direction outside the heat dissipation component. Electronic components that need to be dissipated are placed in the hollow housing.

[0016] Preferably, the stator includes a base and heat dissipation fins, with the heat dissipation fins evenly distributed on the outer side of the base; the heat dissipation component includes a shell, heat dissipation fins, and support ears, the shell being a hollow prism shape, with heat dissipation fins and support ears evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the shell, and the support ears being located at both ends of the heat dissipation fins; the shell of the heat dissipation component is fitted onto the base of the stator, such that the heat dissipation fins on the inner side of the shell and the heat dissipation fins on the outer side of the base are staggered, and the heat dissipation fins and support ears on the shell are abutting against the outer side of the base.

[0017] Preferably, the housing includes a support plate and an outer shell. The support plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the outer shell and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction on the outside of the outer shell. The outer shell includes a top plate and side plates. A side plate is provided around each of the four sides of the top plate, and all four side plates are perpendicular to the top plate. The outer shell of the housing is mounted on the support plate, and the outer sides of two adjacent outer shells are pressed against each other, so that the inner side of the outer shell of each housing is also pressed against the outer side of the support plate.

[0018] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: By placing high-heat-generating electronic components inside a hollow enclosure and installing a heat dissipation device to cool these components, effective heat dissipation is achieved for the permanent magnet synchronous motor equipped with a control system. Furthermore, the heat dissipation device is low-cost, applicable to various motor models, and highly adaptable. Additionally, placing the various electronic components inside the enclosure prevents dust from entering and damaging the components, and also prevents workers from directly touching the components, eliminating safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the outer shell with two hidden lids; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure in which all the outer shells are hidden; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell of a single box lid in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the outer casing and heat dissipation components in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the outer casing and heat dissipation components in Embodiment 1; In the figure: top plate 11, side plate 12, support plate 13, shell 21, heat sink 22, support lug 23, base 31, long heat sink 321, short heat sink 322, flange 33. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat dissipation device includes a housing and heat dissipation components. Heat dissipation components are installed circumferentially on the outer side of the stator base 31, and a hollow housing is installed circumferentially on the outer side of the heat dissipation components. The hollow housing includes an outer shell and support plates 13. The outer shell includes a top plate 11 and side plates 12. The support plates 13 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the housing 21. To avoid interference with other components and to increase airflow within the housing, each set of support plates 13 in this embodiment has three spaced-apart support plates 13 along the length of the housing 21. In this embodiment, the housing 21 is a hollow prism, with its outer surface formed by multiple rectangular planes of the same size, and its inner surface being cylindrical. The number of planes on the outer surface of the housing 21 is the same as the number of sets of support plates 13, and the multiple sets of support plates 13 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer side of the housing 21.

[0022] In this embodiment, various electronic components that generate a lot of heat are distributed in each hollow box, and the various electronic components that generate a lot of heat are installed on the outside of the shell 21 of the heat dissipation component, so that the various electronic components that generate a lot of heat are distributed as evenly as possible on the outside of the shell 21, avoiding heat concentration.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a side plate 12 is provided around each of the four sides of the top plate 11 of the outer casing, and all four side plates 12 are perpendicular to the top plate 11. In this embodiment, the height of the side plates 12 at both ends of the length direction of the outer casing is greater than the height of the side plates 12 at both ends of the width direction of the outer casing. Furthermore, a gap is provided between the side plates 12 distributed in the length direction and the side plates 12 distributed in the width direction, so that when the outer casing is mounted on the support plate 13, the side plates 12 will not interfere with the support plate.

[0024] The outer shell of the enclosure is mounted on the support plate 13, and the outer sides of two adjacent outer shells press against each other, so that the inner side of each outer shell also presses against the outer side of the support plate 13. This increases the friction between the outer shells, thereby increasing the stability of the outer shell mounted on the support plate 13 and making it less likely for the outer shell to fall off the support plate 13.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the stator of the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a frame 31, heat dissipation fins, and flanges 33. The heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed on the outer side of the frame 31. Flanges 33 are fixedly connected to both ends of the frame 31. Corresponding through mounting holes are opened on the front end cover, the rear end cover, and the flanges 33 of the frame 31. Bolts pass through the mounting holes to fix the front end cover and the rear end cover to the flanges 33 at both ends of the frame 31.

[0026] The heat dissipation component includes a housing 21, heat sinks 22, and support ears 23. The housing 21 is a hollow prism shape, and the heat sinks 22 and support ears 23 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the housing 21. The block-shaped support ears 23 are located at both ends of the heat sinks 22. A hollow enclosure is installed in the circumferential direction on the outside of the heat dissipation component, and the electronic components that need to be dissipated are placed in the hollow enclosure.

[0027] The heat dissipation component's housing 21 is fitted onto the stator's base 31, with the heat dissipation fins 22 on the inner side of the housing 21 and the heat dissipation ribs on the outer side of the base 31 arranged alternately. Both the heat dissipation fins 22 and the support ears 23 on the housing 21 abut against the outer side of the base 31. The stator includes the base 31 and the heat dissipation ribs. Through mounting holes are formed at corresponding positions on the heat dissipation component's housing 21 and the stator's base 31. Bolts pass through these mounting holes to securely connect the housing 21 and the base 31 together.

[0028] To prevent interference between the support lug 23 and the heat dissipation fins when the housing 21 is fitted onto the stator base 31, in this embodiment, the support lug 23 at the rear end of the housing 21 is hollow and fixed to the base 31 with bolts. After the base 31 and flange 33 are connected, they are first assembled into the housing 21 from the rear end, and then the support lug 23 is installed. When bolts are passed through the mounting holes of the housing 21 and the base 31, to prevent interference between the bolts and the heat dissipation fins, the heat dissipation fins in this embodiment include long heat dissipation fins 321 and short heat dissipation fins 322, with short heat dissipation fins 322 provided at the location of the mounting hole on the base 31. The support lug 23 is also located at the location of the mounting hole on the housing 21. After the base 31 is assembled into the housing 21, the support lug 23 is located at the short heat dissipation fin 322 and will not interfere with the heat dissipation fins on the base 31.

[0029] This embodiment employs two heat dissipation methods to cool the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which generates a large amount of heat. First, various heat-generating electronic components are mounted on the outside of the metal heat dissipation housing 21, ensuring a relatively even distribution of heat on the outer side of the housing 21 and preventing heat concentration. Second, metal heat sinks 22 are installed inside the housing 21, while a metal enclosure is installed on the outside. The support plate 13 is separated and connected, further increasing the surface area of ​​the metal heat dissipation component and improving heat dissipation. Example 2

[0030] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that no heat sink 22 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 21. The housing 21 is fitted onto the base 31 so that the heat dissipation fins on the base 31 come into contact with the inner wall of the housing 21 of the heat dissipation component, thereby conducting the heat on the base 31 to the heat dissipation component.

[0031] Obviously, any improvements or modifications made without departing from the principles described in this invention should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation method for a permanent magnet motor control system, characterized in that: By installing a heat dissipation component in the circumferential direction outside the motor stator, the electronic components with high heat generation are dispersedly installed outside the heat dissipation component to avoid concentrated heating of the electronic components with high heat generation; By installing hollow, interconnected boxes in the circumferential direction outside the heat dissipation component, the heat dissipation area of ​​the heat dissipation component is expanded.

2. The heat dissipation method of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat dissipation component is arranged outside the stator base, and the heat dissipation component is sleeved on the base and made in contact with the base, so that the heat on the base is transferred to the heat dissipation component, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the base.

3. The heat dissipation method of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Heat dissipation ribs are evenly distributed on the outside of the stator, a hollow shell is set in the heat dissipation component, and the shell is put on the base so that the heat dissipation ribs are in contact with the inner wall of the shell of the heat dissipation component, thereby transferring the heat on the base to the heat dissipation component.

4. The heat dissipation method of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Heat dissipation ribs are evenly distributed on the outside of the stator, a hollow shell is arranged in the heat dissipation component, and heat dissipation fins are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the shell. The shell is put on the base, so that the heat dissipation fins on the inside of the shell and the heat dissipation ribs on the outside of the base are staggered, and the heat dissipation fins are against the outside of the base, so that the heat on the base is transferred to the heat dissipation component.

5. A heat dissipation method for a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: Hollow boxes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the outer side of the shell, and electronic components with high heat generation are placed in the hollow boxes, so that the heat on the base is transferred to the heat dissipation component, and then transferred to the box through the heat dissipation component.

6. The heat dissipation method of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: An outer shell and a support plate are arranged in the box body. The bottom of the support plate is first fixedly connected to the outer surface of the shell sleeve, and then the outer shell is installed on the support plate; adjacent boxes are installed closely to each other so that the outer sides of the outer shells of adjacent boxes are pressed against each other to improve the heat dissipation effect between the boxes.

7. The heat dissipation method of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each box body includes more than two support plates, and a gap is left between two adjacent support plates, so that the boxes outside the shell are connected to each other, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect between the boxes.

8. A heat dissipation device for a permanent magnet motor control system, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device includes a box and a heat dissipation component. The heat dissipation component is installed in the circumferential direction outside the motor stator, and a hollow box is installed in the circumferential direction outside the heat dissipation component. Electronic components that need heat dissipation are placed in the hollow box.

9. The heat dissipation device of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The stator includes a base and heat dissipation ribs, which are evenly distributed on the outside of the base; the heat dissipation component includes a shell, heat sinks and support ears, the shell is a hollow prism, and heat sinks and support ears are evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the shell, and the support ears are arranged at both ends of the heat sink; the shell of the heat dissipation component is sleeved on the base of the stator, so that the heat sinks on the inside of the shell and the heat dissipation ribs on the outside of the base are staggered, and the heat sinks and support ears on the shell are against the outside of the base.

10. The heat dissipation device of a permanent magnet motor control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The box body includes a support plate and an outer shell. The support plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the shell and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the outer side of the shell. The outer shell includes a top plate and side plates. A side plate is arranged around each of the four sides of the top plate, and the four side plates are arranged perpendicular to the top plate. The outer shell of the box body is installed on the support plate, and the outer sides of two adjacent outer shells are pressed against each other, so that the inner side of the outer shell of each box body is also pressed against the outer side of the support plate.

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