A method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powder prepared by gas atomization

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and discloses a method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powder prepared by gas atomization, the method comprising the following steps: S1, smelting a metal or alloy melt in a smelting chamber, to be melted into a metal or alloy liquid that meets the process requirements, entering an atomizing device through a heat-resistant and metal and alloy liquid corrosion-resistant liquid guide tube, and the metal or alloy liquid flowing through the atomizing device is under the action of a sonic inert gas; the device comprises a smelting chamber, an atomizing chamber and an atomizing device, the smelting chamber is arranged above the atomizing device and connected by a guide tube, the atomizing device is installed above the atomizing chamber, and the atomizing device is connected to the atomizing chamber. The present invention is connected to the atomizing chamber through a lower powder pipe to achieve smooth transportation of metal and alloy powders, and the wind-powder mixing channel connects the extension channel and the expansion channel to form a gradually contracting and gradually expanding airflow channel design, which helps to enhance the mixing and cooling efficiency of airflow and powder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and in particular to a method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powders prepared by gas atomization. Background Art

[0002] As an important industrial basic material, metal and alloy powders are widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy and surface coating. In recent years, with the rapid development of additive manufacturing technology, higher requirements have been put forward for the particle size distribution, cooling efficiency and powder purity of metal and alloy powders. Gas atomization powder making technology has become the main method for preparing high-performance metal and alloy powders due to its high sphericity, high purity and good fluidity of prepared powders.

[0003] At present, the core of gas atomization powder making technology is to atomize molten metal through high-speed airflow and quickly reduce the powder temperature during the subsequent cooling process to obtain high-quality metal powder. Some technologies use cooling airflow or auxiliary airflow to cool the powder, and enhance the contact between airflow and powder by extending the channel and spoiler devices. However, in existing devices, the cooling efficiency is limited by uneven airflow distribution and insufficient contact between powder and airflow, resulting in some powders being unable to be effectively cooled, which in turn affects the purity and particle size consistency of the powder.

[0004] In the existing gas atomization powder making technology, the introduction and distribution design of the cooling airflow is relatively simple, and the cooling efficiency is low. Especially for the atomized metal powder, its cooling path and airflow mixing area are limited, which leads to increased cooling unevenness of the powder, thereby affecting the stability of the powder quality.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powders prepared by gas atomization to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powders prepared by gas atomization, which solves the problem that in the existing gas atomization powder making technology, the introduction and distribution design of the cooling airflow is relatively simple, the cooling efficiency is low, and in particular, for the atomized metal powder, the cooling path and airflow mixing area are limited, which leads to increased cooling unevenness of the powder, thereby affecting the stability of the powder quality.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a method for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powder prepared by gas atomization, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, smelting the metal or alloy melt in a smelting chamber, and the melted metal or alloy liquid that meets the process requirements enters the atomization device through a heat-resistant and metal and alloy liquid corrosion-resistant liquid guide tube. The metal or alloy liquid flowing through the atomization device is broken into small droplets under the action of sonic inert gas and then enters the atomization chamber;

[0009] S2, in the atomization chamber, the metal or alloy droplets are initially cooled into powder in the atomization chamber and enter the cooling mechanism from the bottom of the atomization chamber;

[0010] S3, the cooling airflow is introduced into the cooling mechanism through the conveying air channel, and is accelerated and diverted by the inclined guide vanes in the air guide acceleration mechanism, and the airflow enters the air-powder mixing channel;

[0011] S4, the auxiliary air mechanism injects auxiliary cooling airflow into the air-powder mixing channel through the air supply pipe, and acts on the metal and alloy powder together with the airflow introduced into the conveying air channel;

[0012] S5, a spoiler mechanism is arranged in the air-powder mixing channel, which disturbs the powder and airflow through spoiler plates 1 and 2, so that the metal and alloy powders are fully in contact with the cooling airflow;

[0013] S6, after the metal and alloy powders are initially cooled in the air-powder mixing channel, they enter the expansion channel, where the airflow is decelerated to further reduce the powder temperature;

[0014] S7, the cooled metal and alloy powders enter the output pipe from the expansion channel and are transmitted to the cyclone separator;

[0015] S8, metal and alloy powders and airflow are separated in the cyclone separator, the powders are collected in the powder collecting bin, and the cooled airflow is discharged or recycled after passing through the filter.

[0016] The present invention also provides a gas atomization preparation and rapid cooling device for metal and alloy powders, comprising a smelting chamber, an atomization chamber and an atomization device, wherein the smelting chamber is arranged above the atomization device and is connected through a guide tube, the atomization device is installed above the atomization chamber, and the atomization device is connected to the atomization chamber, the bottom end of the atomization chamber is connected to a cooling mechanism, the powder outlet of the cooling mechanism is connected to an output pipe, the end of the output pipe away from the cooling mechanism is connected to a cyclone separator, the bottom end of the cyclone separator is connected to a powder collection bin, an air guide acceleration mechanism and a spoiler mechanism are arranged inside the cooling mechanism, and the cooling mechanism is connected to an auxiliary wind mechanism;

[0017] The cooling mechanism includes a lower powder tube, which is connected to the bottom end of the atomization chamber, the bottom end of the lower powder tube is connected to an air-powder mixing channel, the left side of the air-powder mixing channel is connected to an extension channel, the left side of the extension channel is connected to a conveying air channel, the right side of the air-powder mixing channel is connected to an expansion channel, the powder outlet of the expansion channel is connected to an output pipe, the extension channel has a larger opening at one end close to the conveying air channel, and the extension channel has a smaller opening at one end close to the air-powder mixing channel, the expansion channel has a larger opening at one end close to the air-powder mixing channel, and the expansion channel has a smaller opening at one end away from the air-powder mixing channel.

[0018] Preferably, a flow control valve 1 is provided on the outer side of the air delivery channel, and a filter 1 is provided on the inner wall of the air delivery channel.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of air induction channels are provided at equal distances on the outer side of the lower powder pipe, and the inner walls of the air induction channels are provided with filter screens 2.

[0020] Preferably, the air guide acceleration mechanism includes a fixed ring, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conveying air channel, and a plurality of inclined guide vanes are equidistantly provided on the inner side of the conveying air channel, and a fixing column is fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the inclined guide vanes.

[0021] Preferably, the auxiliary air mechanism comprises an air supply pipe, the air supply pipe is connected to the air-powder mixing channel, and a fan is installed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe.

[0022] Preferably, a flow control valve 2 is provided on the outer side of the air supply pipe, and a filter 3 is provided on the inner wall of the air supply pipe.

[0023] Preferably, the spoiler mechanism includes two groups of spoiler plates one and one group of spoiler plates two, the two groups of spoiler plates one are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel, the spoiler plates one are rectangular in shape, one group of spoiler plates two are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel, the spoiler plates two are curved in shape, and one group of spoiler plates two is arranged between the two groups of spoiler plates one.

[0024] The present invention provides a method and device for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powder prepared by gas atomization. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention is connected to the atomizing chamber through the lower powder pipe to achieve smooth transportation of metal and alloy powders. The air-powder mixing channel connects the extension channel and the expansion channel to form a gradually contracting and expanding airflow channel design, which helps to enhance the mixing and cooling efficiency of the airflow and powder. The extension channel is combined with the conveying air channel, equipped with a flow control valve 1 and a filter 1 to ensure the stability and cleanliness of the airflow. The air induced channel is combined with the lower powder pipe to effectively guide the external cooling airflow through the filter 2 to further enhance the cooling process. The overall design optimizes the airflow distribution and powder cooling effect, significantly improves the cooling efficiency and reduces the risk of powder oxidation, ensuring stable powder quality.

[0026] 2. The present invention introduces auxiliary airflow through the auxiliary wind mechanism, which works together with the main cooling airflow to significantly enhance the cooling efficiency. The air supply duct has a built-in fan to ensure the stability and pressure of the auxiliary airflow, and through the combination with the air-powder mixing channel, the airflow and the metal powder are fully mixed. It not only accelerates the cooling process of the powder, but also effectively reduces the oxidation risk of metal and alloy powders. At the same time, the auxiliary airflow provides additional cooling capacity, further improves the cooling uniformity, and quickly reduces the powder temperature, providing a reliable guarantee for the preparation of high-quality metal and alloy powders.

[0027] 3. The present invention realizes effective disturbance of airflow and powder in the air-powder mixing channel by combining two groups of rectangular spoiler plates 1 and one group of curved spoiler plates 2. Rectangular spoiler plate 1 guides the airflow to be evenly distributed and enhances the stability of the airflow, while curved spoiler plate 2 further disturbs the airflow to make the contact between the airflow and the metal powder more complete. Curved spoiler plate 2 is arranged between the two groups of rectangular spoiler plates 1, and the coverage and mixing efficiency of the cooling airflow are improved through the hierarchical spoiler design. The overall layout strengthens the heat exchange effect between the powder and the cooling airflow, effectively accelerates the cooling process of the metal powder, reduces powder agglomeration, ensures cooling uniformity, and provides a guarantee for the preparation of high-quality metal powder.

[0028] 4. The present invention uses inclined guide vanes to divert and accelerate the airflow, making the airflow more uniform and increasing the flow rate during the transportation process. It enhances the cooling effect of the airflow on metal and alloy powders, while avoiding airflow turbulence, providing strong support for the rapid cooling and efficient transportation of powders. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a filter screen of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air flow guiding acceleration mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary wind mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in .

[0036] Among them, 1. smelting chamber; 2. atomization chamber; 3. cyclone separator; 4. powder collection bin; 5. cooling mechanism; 501. powder lowering pipe; 502. conveying air channel; 503. extension channel; 504. air-powder mixing channel; 505. expansion channel; 506. flow control valve 1; 507. filter screen 1; 508. air induction channel; 509. filter screen 2; 6. output pipeline; 7. air guide acceleration mechanism; 701. fixed ring; 702. inclined guide plate; 703. fixed column; 8. auxiliary air mechanism; 801. air supply pipe; 802. flow control valve 2; 803. fan; 804. filter screen 3; 9. spoiler mechanism; 901. spoiler 1; 902. spoiler 2; 10. atomization device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the specification of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Please see attached Figure 1-Figure 7 The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powders prepared by gas atomization, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, smelting the metal or alloy melt in the smelting chamber 1, and the melted metal or alloy liquid meeting the process requirements enters the atomizing device 10 through the temperature-resistant and metal and alloy liquid corrosion-resistant liquid guide tube. The metal or alloy liquid flowing through the atomizing device 10 is broken into small droplets under the action of the sonic inert gas and then enters the atomizing chamber 2;

[0040] S2, in the atomizing chamber 2, the metal or alloy droplets are initially cooled into powder in the atomizing chamber 2 and enter the cooling mechanism 5 from the bottom of the atomizing chamber 2;

[0041] S3, the cooling airflow is introduced into the cooling mechanism 5 through the conveying air channel 502, and is accelerated and diverted by the inclined guide vanes 702 in the air guide acceleration mechanism 7, and the airflow enters the air-powder mixing channel 504;

[0042] S4, the auxiliary air mechanism 8 injects auxiliary cooling airflow into the air-powder mixing channel 504 through the air supply pipe 801, and the auxiliary cooling airflow acts on the metal powder together with the airflow introduced into the conveying air channel 502;

[0043] S5, the spoiler mechanism 9 provided in the air-powder mixing channel 504 disturbs the powder and the airflow through the spoiler plate 1 901 and the spoiler plate 2 902, so that the metal and alloy powders are fully in contact with the cooling airflow;

[0044] S6, after the metal powder is initially cooled in the air-powder mixing channel 504, it enters the expansion channel 505, where the airflow is decelerated to further reduce the powder temperature;

[0045] S7, the cooled metal powder enters the output pipe 6 from the expansion channel 505 and is transferred to the cyclone separator 3;

[0046] S8, the metal powder and the airflow are separated in the cyclone separator 3, the powder is collected in the powder collecting bin 4, and the cooled airflow is discharged or recycled after passing through the filter.

[0047] Specifically, S1, turn on the heating system of the smelting chamber 1, and put the pre-prepared metal or alloy raw materials into it. These raw materials gradually soften and melt in a high temperature environment to form a metal or alloy melt. The operator closely monitors the key parameters such as temperature and time during the smelting process to ensure that the melt reaches a uniform state and precise temperature range that meets the strict requirements of subsequent processes. When the melt is perfectly converted into the required metal or alloy liquid, relying on the unique advantages of the heat-resistant and metal and alloy liquid corrosion-resistant liquid guide tube, it can withstand high-temperature shock and chemical corrosion, and steadily transport the metal or alloy liquid to the atomization device 10. At this time, the sonic inert gas system in the atomization device 10 is started, and the sonic inert gas ejected at high speed instantly impacts the metal or alloy liquid flow passing through here. The strong impact force enables the liquid to overcome its own cohesive force and be broken into countless tiny droplets, which enter the atomization chamber 2;

[0048] S2. After entering the atomization chamber 2, the metal or alloy droplets quickly dissipate heat in the relatively low temperature and stable environment of the atomization chamber 2, the atomic activity on the surface of the droplets gradually decreases, and the intermolecular force causes its morphology to change, and it is initially cooled into a powdery substance. Subsequently, under the action of gravity, these newly formed powders slowly settle and enter the cooling mechanism 5 in an orderly manner from the opening at the bottom of the atomization chamber 2, waiting for further fine cooling treatment to achieve the final ideal finished powder state requirements;

[0049] S3. The cooling airflow is introduced into the cooling mechanism 5 through the conveying air channel 502. In the air guide acceleration mechanism 7, the inclined guide vane 702 accelerates and diverts the airflow. The inclination angle of the inclined guide vane 702 causes the airflow to change direction and speed when passing through, thereby achieving the effect of accelerating and diverting the airflow. The airflow after acceleration and diversion enters the air-powder mixing channel 504. This process ensures that the cooling airflow can be evenly distributed in the air-powder mixing channel 504, providing a good cooling environment for the metal powder;

[0050] S4, the auxiliary air mechanism 8 injects auxiliary cooling airflow into the air-powder mixing channel 504 through the air supply pipe 801. The auxiliary cooling airflow and the airflow introduced by the conveying air channel 502 act together on the metal powder. The auxiliary air mechanism 8 can adjust the flow rate and speed of the auxiliary cooling airflow according to actual needs, so that the cooling airflow covers the metal powder more evenly and enhances the cooling effect;

[0051] S5. The spoiler mechanism 9 provided in the air-powder mixing channel 504 disturbs the powder and airflow through spoiler plate 1 901 and spoiler plate 2 902. The rectangular shape of spoiler plate 1 901 and the curved shape of spoiler plate 2 902 cause the airflow to change during the flow process, forming a complex flow pattern. This disturbance allows the metal powder to fully contact the cooling airflow, thereby improving the cooling efficiency;

[0052] S6, after the metal powder is initially cooled in the air-powder mixing channel 504, it enters the expansion channel 505. The shape of the expansion channel 505 slows down the airflow when entering the channel, thereby further reducing the powder temperature. This process achieves further cooling of the metal powder and improves the cooling effect;

[0053] S7, the cooled metal powder enters the output pipe 6 from the expansion channel 505 and is transmitted to the cyclone separator 3. The cyclone separator 3 separates the metal powder from the airflow through the centrifugal force. The metal powder rotates along the wall surface and moves downward in the cyclone separator 3, and finally enters the powder collecting bin 4 for collection. The airflow is discharged or recycled after passing through the filter. This process realizes the separation and collection of metal powder, while ensuring the recycling of the cooling airflow;

[0054] S8. In the cyclone separator 3, the metal powder is separated and collected in the powder collecting bin 4. The cooling airflow is filtered through the filter to remove impurities and particles. The filtered airflow can be discharged into the atmosphere or recycled. This process ensures the collection of metal powder and the treatment of cooling airflow, ensuring the environmental protection and sustainability of the entire cooling process.

[0055] See also Figure 1-Figure 7The present invention also provides a gas atomization preparation metal and alloy powder rapid cooling device, comprising a smelting chamber 1, an atomization chamber 2 and an atomization device 10, the smelting chamber 1 is arranged above the atomization device 10 and is connected through a guide tube, the atomization device 10 is installed above the atomization chamber 2, and the atomization device 10 is connected to the atomization chamber 2, the bottom end of the atomization chamber 2 is connected to a cooling mechanism 5, the powder outlet of the cooling mechanism 5 is connected to an output pipe 6, the end of the output pipe 6 away from the cooling mechanism 5 is connected to a cyclone separator 3, the bottom end of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to a powder collecting bin 4, the interior of the cooling mechanism 5 is provided with an air guide acceleration mechanism 7 and a spoiler mechanism 9, and the cooling mechanism 5 is connected to an auxiliary wind mechanism 8;

[0056] Specifically, through the smelting chamber 1, in cooperation with the guide tube, the metal or alloy raw material is first accurately heated to a suitable smelting temperature, and the high position advantage and the directional drainage characteristics of the guide tube are used to make the melted metal or alloy flow smoothly to the atomizing device 10, so as to achieve the effect of stable and efficient delivery of high-temperature liquid raw materials, and ensure that the subsequent process will not be stagnant due to insufficient or interrupted raw material supply. Through the atomizing device 10, in cooperation with the atomizing chamber 2, after receiving the liquid raw material from the guide tube, the sonic inert gas system is quickly started, and the high-speed airflow is used to strongly impact the liquid raw material, breaking it into uniform and fine droplets, and these droplets are spread into the atomizing chamber 2, so as to achieve the effect of refining large pieces of liquid raw materials into tiny particles, greatly increasing the contact area of ​​subsequent cooling, and greatly improving the cooling efficiency. Through the atomizing chamber 2, in cooperation with the cooling mechanism 5, when the metal or alloy droplets enter, the droplets are quickly and initially cooled into powders by virtue of the reasonable internal space layout and heat dissipation environment, and then the powder is allowed to fall into the cooling mechanism 5 connected thereto by virtue of the clever opening design at the bottom, so as to achieve the initial transformation from droplets to powders and the close connection effect with the next cooling link, thereby ensuring the coherent and orderly advancement of the entire process and reducing heat loss and material loss. The output pipe 6 transports the cooled metal powder to the subsequent equipment, thereby achieving the rapid transfer of the powder. This ensures the continuity of the entire production process, enables the powder to enter the next link in time, and improves production efficiency. The cyclone separator 3 can efficiently separate the cooled metal powder from the airflow. The powder is separated from the airflow by centrifugal force, thereby ensuring the purity of the powder. At the same time, this separation method is conducive to the subsequent collection and processing of the powder, thereby improving the quality of the powder. The powder collecting bin 4 is used to collect the metal powder separated by the cyclone separator 3, providing a centralized storage place for the powder. This facilitates the management and subsequent processing of the powder, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the powder. The air flow guide acceleration mechanism 7 accelerates and diverts the airflow by tilting the guide plate 702, so that the airflow is evenly distributed in the cooling mechanism 5, thereby enhancing the cooling effect on the metal powder. The spoiler mechanism 9 disturbs the powder and the airflow by spoiler plate 1 901 and spoiler plate 2 902, thereby increasing the contact area between the powder and the airflow and improving the cooling efficiency. The auxiliary wind mechanism 8 injects auxiliary cooling airflow into the cooling mechanism 5, thereby increasing the flow rate and cooling capacity of the cooling medium. This helps to further reduce the temperature of the metal powder and improve the cooling effect.

[0057] See also Figure 1-Figure 4The cooling mechanism 5 includes a lower powder tube 501, which is connected to the bottom end of the atomizing chamber 2, and the bottom end of the lower powder tube 501 is connected to an air-powder mixing channel 504, the left side of the air-powder mixing channel 504 is connected to an extension channel 503, the left side of the extension channel 503 is connected to a conveying air channel 502, and the right side of the air-powder mixing channel 504 is connected to an expansion channel 505, and a powder outlet of the expansion channel 505 is connected to the output pipe 6, the end of the extension channel 503 close to the conveying air channel 502 has a larger opening, and the end of the extension channel 503 close to the air-powder mixing channel 504 has a smaller opening, the end of the expansion channel 505 close to the air-powder mixing channel 504 has a larger opening, and the end of the expansion channel 505 away from the air-powder mixing channel 504 has a smaller opening.

[0058] Specifically, the lower powder pipe 501 is connected to the bottom end of the atomizing chamber 2, and the atomized metal and alloy powder is transferred from the atomizing chamber 2 to the air-powder mixing channel 504, so as to realize the orderly transportation of the powder, ensure the smooth flow path of the powder in the preparation process, and avoid the interruption of the transmission of the powder between different processes. The air-powder mixing channel 504 connects the lower powder pipe 501 and the expansion channel 505, and cooperates with the extension channel 503 and the auxiliary wind mechanism 8 to receive the powder from the lower powder pipe 501 and the cooling airflow from the conveying air channel 502 and the auxiliary wind mechanism 8, so that the powder and the airflow are fully mixed here, so as to provide a space for the metal powder to fully contact with the cooling airflow, enhance the cooling effect, and promote the heat exchange process between the powder and the airflow. Through the extension channel 503, the left side is connected to the conveying air channel 502, and the right side is connected to the air-powder mixing channel 504, and one end has a large opening and the other end has a small opening, so as to guide the cooling airflow to change the flow rate and flow direction when entering the air-powder mixing channel 504 from the conveying air channel 502, thereby realizing the preliminary adjustment of the cooling airflow, making the flow rate of the airflow more uniform when entering the air-powder mixing channel 504, improving the stability of the airflow, and facilitating the subsequent efficient mixing and cooling with the metal powder. Through the conveying air channel 502, in cooperation with the extension channel 503 and the cooling mechanism 5, the cooling airflow is introduced into the extension channel 503, and then enters the air-powder mixing channel 504 through the extension channel 503, thereby realizing the introduction and transportation of the cooling airflow, providing the necessary cooling medium for the cooling of the metal powder, and ensuring the supply of airflow required for the cooling process. By expanding the channel 505, one end of which is connected to the air-powder mixing channel 504 and the other end of which is connected to the output pipe 6, and one end has a large opening and the other end has a small opening. After receiving the powder and airflow from the air-powder mixing channel 504, the airflow is decelerated when passing through, thereby achieving further control of the cooling process. After the metal powder is initially cooled, the temperature of the powder is further reduced, the cooling effect is improved, and at the same time, transition preparations are made for the powder to enter the output pipe 6.

[0059] See also Figure 2-Figure 3A flow control valve 506 is provided on the outer side of the conveying air channel 502 , and a filter screen 507 is provided on the inner wall of the conveying air channel 502 .

[0060] Specifically, through the flow control valve 506, in cooperation with the conveying air channel 502, the flow rate of the cooling airflow that can pass through the channel is changed by adjusting the opening and closing degree of its own valve, so as to achieve the effect of accurately regulating the flow rate of the cooling airflow in the conveying air channel 502, so as to meet the appropriate airflow flow requirements for cooling metal and alloy powders under different production conditions. Through the filter screen 507, in cooperation with the conveying air channel 502, the filter structure thereof is used to intercept and filter the cooling airflow entering the conveying air channel 502, and foreign matter such as impurity particles contained in the airflow is blocked, so as to achieve the effect of purifying the cooling airflow, and ensure that the airflow entering the cooling mechanism 5 to participate in the powder cooling is clean, so as to avoid impurities affecting the quality of the metal and alloy powders.

[0061] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 A plurality of air induction channels 508 are arranged at equal distances on the outer side of the lower powder pipe 501 , and a filter screen 509 is arranged on the inner wall of each of the air induction channels 508 .

[0062] Specifically, through the air induced channel 508, in cooperation with the lower powder pipe 501, the airflow in the external environment is introduced into the area near the lower powder pipe 501 by utilizing the channel structure constructed by itself, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the source of cooling airflow, supplementing additional airflow for the cooling of metal and alloy powders, and helping to improve the overall cooling efficiency. Through the filter screen 2 509, in cooperation with the air induced channel 508, relying on its own filtering performance, the external airflow entering through the air induced channel 508 is filtered, and foreign matter such as dust and impurities carried in the airflow is intercepted, achieving the effect of purifying the introduced airflow, ensuring that the introduced airflow is clean, avoiding the quality of metal and alloy powders affected by impurities in the external airflow, and ensuring good powder quality.

[0063] See also Figure 4-Figure 5 The air guide acceleration mechanism 7 includes a fixed ring 701, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the conveying air channel 502. A plurality of inclined guide vanes 702 are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the conveying air channel 502, and a fixed column 703 is fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the inclined guide vane 702.

[0064] Specifically, the fixing ring 701 cooperates with the conveying air channel 502 and fixes it on the inner wall of the conveying air channel 502, providing a stable installation foundation for the inclined guide plate 702. The inclined guide plate 702 can be firmly set in the conveying air channel 502 to ensure that its position is stable during the flow of air and will not shake or shift due to the impact of airflow. The inclined guide plate 702 cooperates with the conveying air channel 502. When the airflow enters the conveying air channel 502, the inclined guide plate 702 changes the direction and speed of the airflow. The airflow flows along the inclination angle of the inclined guide plate 702, and is divided in different directions, so that the airflow is evenly distributed in the conveying air channel 502. The shape of the inclined guide plate is a rectangular or arc-shaped thin sheet, which is installed obliquely along the direction of the airflow, preferably at a certain angle (such as 30°-45°). The fixing column 703 cooperates with the inclined guide plate 702 to fix the adjacent sides of the inclined guide plate 702 together. This enhances the structural strength of the inclined guide vane 702 and prevents the inclined guide vane 702 from being deformed or damaged under the impact of airflow.

[0065] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 The auxiliary wind mechanism 8 includes an air supply pipe 801 , which is connected to the air-powder mixing channel 504 , and a fan 803 is installed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe 801 .

[0066] Specifically, through the air supply pipe 801, in cooperation with the air-powder mixing channel 504, the auxiliary cooling airflow generated by the fan 803 is transported to the air-powder mixing channel 504 by using the tubular channel structure constructed by itself, achieving the effect of providing a transmission path for the auxiliary cooling airflow, ensuring that the auxiliary cooling airflow can accurately reach the air-powder mixing channel 504 and participate in the cooling process of the metal and alloy powders. Through the fan 803, in cooperation with the air supply pipe 801, through its own operation, the outside air is sucked in and converted into an auxiliary cooling airflow with a certain pressure and flow rate, and then pushed into the air supply pipe 801, achieving the effect of providing power for the entire auxiliary wind mechanism 8 and generating a stable auxiliary cooling airflow, thereby enhancing the cooling capacity in the air-powder mixing channel 504, which helps to improve the cooling efficiency of metal and alloy powders.

[0067] See also Figure 6 A flow control valve 2 802 is provided on the outer side of the air supply pipe 801 , and a filter screen 3 804 is provided on the inner wall of the air supply pipe 801 .

[0068] Specifically, the flow control valve 2 802 cooperates with the air supply pipe 801, and the flow of the auxiliary cooling airflow flowing in the air supply pipe 801 is controlled by manually or automatically adjusting the size of the valve opening, so as to achieve the effect of accurately adjusting the flow of the auxiliary cooling airflow. The flow of the auxiliary cooling airflow entering the air-powder mixing channel 504 can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual cooling requirements of the metal and alloy powders to optimize the cooling effect. The filter screen 3 804 cooperates with the air supply pipe 801, and with its own fine filtering structure, the auxiliary cooling airflow flowing in the air supply pipe 801 is filtered, and foreign objects such as dust and impurities in the airflow are intercepted, so as to achieve the effect of purifying the auxiliary cooling airflow, and ensure that the auxiliary cooling airflow entering the air-powder mixing channel 504 for powder cooling is clean, so as to avoid impurities affecting the quality of metal and alloy powders.

[0069] See also Figure 4 and Figure 7 The spoiler mechanism 9 includes two groups of spoiler plates 1 901 and one group of spoiler plates 2 902. The two groups of spoiler plates 1 901 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel 504. The spoiler plates 1 901 are rectangular in shape. The one group of spoiler plates 2 902 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel 504. The spoiler plates 2 902 are curved in shape. One group of spoiler plates 2 902 is arranged between the two groups of spoiler plates 1 901.

[0070] Specifically, two groups of spoilers 1 901 are used to cooperate with the air-powder mixing channel 504, and the airflow is guided in the air-powder mixing channel 504 by virtue of its rectangular shape. When the airflow passes through the spoiler 1 901, the rectangular structure makes the airflow flow in a specific direction, which plays a role in preliminarily stabilizing the airflow. A group of spoilers 2 902 is used to cooperate with the air-powder mixing channel 504, and the airflow is disturbed by its curved shape. The curved surface causes the airflow to change during the flow process, breaks the original flow state of the airflow, and increases the contact area between the airflow and the powder. Two groups of spoilers 1 901 and one group of spoilers 2 902 cooperate with each other, and the spoiler 2 902 is located between the two groups of spoilers 1 901, and the spoiler 1 901 preliminarily guides the airflow, and the spoiler 2 902 further disturbs the airflow.

[0071] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for rapid cooling of metal and alloy powders prepared by gas atomization, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, smelting a metal or alloy melt in a smelting chamber (1), and after being melted into a metal or alloy liquid that meets the process requirements, the metal or alloy liquid enters an atomizing device (10) through a liquid guide tube that is resistant to heat and corrosion of metal and alloy liquid. The metal or alloy liquid that flows through the atomizing device (10) is broken into small droplets under the action of a sonic inert gas and then enters an atomizing chamber (2); S2, in the atomization chamber (2), the metal or alloy droplets are initially cooled into powder in the atomization chamber (2) and enter the cooling mechanism (5) from the bottom of the atomization chamber (2); S3, the cooling airflow is introduced into the cooling mechanism (5) through the conveying air channel (502), and is accelerated and diverted by the inclined guide vanes (702) in the air guide acceleration mechanism (7), and then enters the air-powder mixing channel (504); S4, the auxiliary air mechanism (8) injects auxiliary cooling airflow into the air-powder mixing channel (504) through the air supply pipe (801), and the auxiliary cooling airflow acts on the metal and alloy powder together with the airflow introduced into the conveying air channel (502); S5, a spoiler mechanism (9) disposed in the air-powder mixing channel (504) disturbs the powder and the airflow through spoiler plate 1 (901) and spoiler plate 2 (902), so that the metal and alloy powders are in full contact with the cooling airflow; S6, after the metal and alloy powders are initially cooled in the air-powder mixing channel (504), they enter the expansion channel (505), where the airflow is decelerated to further reduce the powder temperature; S7, the cooled metal and alloy powders enter the output pipe (6) from the expansion channel (505) and are transferred to the cyclone separator (3); S8, the metal and alloy powders and the airflow are separated in the cyclone separator (3), the powders are collected in the powder collecting bin (4), and the cooled airflow is discharged or recycled after passing through the filter.

2. A rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powders by gas atomization, the rapid cooling device used in the rapid cooling method for preparing metal and alloy powders by gas atomization according to claim 1, comprising a smelting chamber (1), an atomization chamber (2) and an atomization device (10), characterized in that: The smelting chamber (1) is arranged above the atomizing device (10) and is connected via a guide tube; the atomizing device (10) is installed above the atomizing chamber (2), and the atomizing device (10) is in communication with the atomizing chamber (2); the bottom end of the atomizing chamber (2) is connected to a cooling mechanism (5); the powder outlet of the cooling mechanism (5) is connected to an output pipe (6); the end of the output pipe (6) away from the cooling mechanism (5) is connected to a cyclone separator (3); the bottom end of the cyclone separator (3) is connected to a powder collecting bin (4); an air guide acceleration mechanism (7) and a spoiler mechanism (9) are arranged inside the cooling mechanism (5); and the cooling mechanism (5) is connected to an auxiliary wind mechanism (8); The cooling mechanism (5) comprises a lower powder pipe (501), the lower powder pipe (501) being connected to the bottom end of the atomizing chamber (2), the bottom end of the lower powder pipe (501) being connected to an air-powder mixing channel (504), the left side of the air-powder mixing channel (504) being connected to an extension channel (503), the left side of the extension channel (503) being connected to a conveying air channel (502), the right side of the air-powder mixing channel (504) being connected to an expansion channel (505), a powder outlet of the expansion channel (505) being connected to an output pipe (6), the end of the extension channel (503) close to the conveying air channel (502) having a larger opening, and the end of the extension channel (503) close to the air-powder mixing channel (504) having a smaller opening, the end of the expansion channel (505) close to the air-powder mixing channel (504) having a larger opening, and the end of the expansion channel (505) away from the air-powder mixing channel (504) having a smaller opening.

3. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flow control valve (506) is provided on the outer side of the air delivery channel (502), and a filter (507) is provided on the inner wall of the air delivery channel (502).

4. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of air induction channels (508) are arranged at equal distances on the outer side of the lower powder pipe (501), and a second filter screen (509) is arranged on the inner wall of each of the air induction channels (508).

5. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air guide acceleration mechanism (7) comprises a fixing ring (701), the fixing ring (701) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air conveying channel (502), a plurality of inclined guide vanes (702) being arranged at equal distances on the inner side of the air conveying channel (502), and a fixing column (703) being fixedly connected to the adjacent side of the inclined guide vanes (702).

6. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary air mechanism (8) comprises an air supply pipe (801), the air supply pipe (801) is connected to the air-powder mixing channel (504), and a fan (803) is installed on the inner wall of the air supply pipe (801).

7. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second flow control valve (802) is provided on the outer side of the air supply pipe (801), and a third filter screen (804) is provided on the inner wall of the air supply pipe (801).

8. The rapid cooling device for preparing metal and alloy powder by gas atomization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spoiler mechanism (9) comprises two groups of spoiler plates 1 (901) and one group of spoiler plates 2 (902), the two groups of spoiler plates 1 (901) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel (504), the spoiler plates 1 (901) are rectangular in shape, one group of spoiler plates 2 (902) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air-powder mixing channel (504), the spoiler plates 2 (902) are curved in shape, and one group of spoiler plates 2 (902) is arranged between the two groups of spoiler plates 1 (901).

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