Tool changing mechanism of processing machine

Abstract

A tool changing mechanism of a processing machine is suitable for a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine, the position of the tool changing mechanism can be changed between two positions, and the tool changing mechanism comprises a machine body, a tool changing arm and a braking unit. Wherein the tool changing arm is combined with the machine body and is provided with a tool arm, and two ends of the tool arm are respectively provided with a tool clamping group which can be used for clamping a tool bar; the braking unit comprises a movable cylinder and two braking rods, the movable cylinder is arranged outside a rotating shaft of the tool changing arm in a sleeved mode and can move back and forth on a center line, and the two braking rods are erected on the outer side of the rotating shaft and drive the tool arm to rotate synchronously along with the rotating shaft. One of the two brake rods is pushed by the movable cylinder, and one end of one brake rod touches a cutter clamp of the cutter clamping group to generate rotary swing, so that a cutter locking or loosening mechanism is further generated for the cutter bar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an automatic tool changing mechanism, in particular to a tool changing mechanism applicable to a processing machine for vertical processing or horizontal processing. Background Art

[0002] The automatic tool changing mechanism of a processing machine is mainly used to transfer the tools required for processing from the tool magazine to the clamping mechanism of the spindle. The processing machine is divided into vertical processing machines and horizontal processing machines according to the installation method of the spindle. Alternatively, a processing machine for both vertical and horizontal use can be realized by replacing the spindle chuck.

[0003] Among them, the tool changing arm used in the tool changing mechanism of the vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine must be able to be controlled to pivot and swing between two fixed points to adapt to different tool changing mechanisms. The aforementioned two fixed points usually refer to the vertical and horizontal swing directions of the rotating axis of the tool changing arm. Therefore, the tool clamping structures at both ends of the tool changing arm must not only have a good and stable tool locking and releasing mechanism, but also be able to control different functions of each tool clamping structure, especially in tool changing operations in horizontal processing, which is more demanding.

[0004] The known control method for the tool clamping structure is to design a complex oil passage inside the tool changing arm, and cooperate with the opening and closing of the solenoid valve to control whether the hydraulic oil is injected to achieve the purpose of independently controlling the locking or releasing of the tool. However, the combination of the solenoid valve and the oil passage is likely to increase the cost, and the structure tends to be complicated, which increases the difficulty of manufacturing. Therefore, the existing tool changing mechanism is still not perfect and needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a tool changing mechanism for a processing machine, which can reduce costs and is easy to manufacture.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a tool changing mechanism of a processing machine, which includes a machine body, a tool changing arm and a braking unit. The tool changing arm includes a tool arm and a rotating shaft, the tool arm has two different ends and a tool clamping group is respectively provided at each end, each tool clamping group includes at least one tool clamp, the at least one tool clamp has two ends and respectively constitutes a touch end and a tool abutting end; one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the tool arm, and the other end passes through the body, the rotating shaft is controlled to drive the tool arm to rotate around a center line; the detent unit includes a movable cylinder and two detent rods, the movable cylinder is sleeved on the rotating shaft and can move between a first position and a second position along the center line, the movable cylinder has an annular top surface, and the annular top surface is divided into a high-position section and a low-position section according to the height difference; the two detent rods are mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft in a manner that can move parallel to the center line, and the two detent rods can rotate around the rotating shaft as the center as the tool arm rotates, each detent rod has two ends and respectively constitutes an abutting end and a pushing end.

[0007] When the movable cylinder is located at the first position, the abutting end of at least one of the two detent rods does not contact the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is located at the second position, the abutting end of one of the two detent rods contacts the high-position section of the annular top surface, and its pushing end pushes against the touch end of at least one tool clamp of the tool clamping group, and the abutting end of the other of the two detent rods contacts the low-position section of the annular top surface, and its pushing end does not push against the touch end of the other tool clamp of the tool clamping group.

[0008] The effect of the present invention is that the high-position section and the low-position section of the annular top surface have the characteristics of height difference, so that the tool locking and tool releasing mechanisms can be realized simultaneously during the tool changing operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a processing machine including a tool changing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the processing machine is shown, revealing that the tool changing mechanism in the processing machine is in an upright position;

[0011] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The side view of the processing machine shown reveals that the tool changing mechanism in the processing machine is in a horizontal position;

[0012] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the tool changing mechanism of the above preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An exploded view of the tool changing arm and part of the actuating unit in the tool changing mechanism shown;

[0014] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A sectional view of a tool changing arm in the tool changing mechanism shown;

[0015] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view in the direction of 7-7;

[0016] Figure 8 for Figure 4 An exploded view of a portion of the actuating unit in the tool changing mechanism shown;

[0017] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A side view of a sleeve in the actuator unit;

[0018] Fig.10 for Figure 8 An exploded view of some components of the actuating unit shown;

[0019] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A top view of the movable cylinder in the actuating unit;

[0020] Fig.12 for Figure 2 A top view of a tool changing mechanism in the processing machine shown;

[0021] Fig.13 for Fig.12 The cross-sectional view in the direction of 13-13 reveals that the tool changing mechanism is in an upright position, and the movable cylinder in the actuating unit is in a first position;

[0022] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A cross-sectional view in the direction of 14-14;

[0023] Fig.15 Similar Fig.13 , revealing that the movable cylinder in the actuating unit is located in the second position;

[0024] Fig.16 for Fig.15 A cross-sectional view in the direction of 16-16; and

[0025] Fig.17 It is a cross-sectional view, revealing that the tool changing mechanism is in a horizontal position, and the movable cylinder in the actuating unit is in a second position.

[0026]

Explanation of symbols

[0027] [The present invention]

[0028] 100: Tool changing mechanism

[0029] 10: Body

[0030] 20: Tool changing arm

[0031] 21: Blade Arm

[0032] 21A, 21B: knife clamp

[0033] 21a: knife clamp

[0034] 21b: Lateral groove

[0035] 21c: Accommodation hole

[0036] 21d: Drilling hole

[0037] 22: Rotation axis

[0038] 22a: Coupling sleeve

[0039] 22b: Linking shaft

[0040] 23: Elastic parts

[0041] 24: Knife holder

[0042] 24a: Knife end

[0043] 24b:Touch terminal

[0044] 25: Axis pin

[0045] 30: Braking unit

[0046] 31: Turntable

[0047] 31a: Hollow part

[0048] 31b: Perforation

[0049] 32: Trigger lever

[0050] 32a: Long rod

[0051] 32b: Connector

[0052] 32c: Brake pad

[0053] 33: Reset

[0054] 34: Bottom cover

[0055] 35: Top cover

[0056] 36: Axle tube

[0057] 36a:Through hole

[0058] 36b: Ring Wall

[0059] 361,362: Channel

[0060] 361a,362a: First port

[0061] 361b,362b: Second port

[0062] 37: Movable cylinder

[0063] 371: Lifting seat

[0064] 371a: screw hole

[0065] 372: Cylinder pipe

[0066] 373:Guide cover

[0067] 373a: Perforation

[0068] 373b:Through hole

[0069] 374: Screw

[0070] 375: annular top surface

[0071] 375a: low section

[0072] 375b: High section

[0073] 38: Support tube

[0074] 38a: Shoulder

[0075] 38b: Outer wall

[0076] 38c: Perforation

[0077] 39: Guide plate

[0078] 39a: Hollow part

[0079] 39b:Through hole

[0080] 39c: Wing

[0081] 39d: Perforation

[0082] 40: Mouth

[0083] 41: Screw

[0084] 42: Screw

[0085] 43: Guide rod

[0086] 44: Bearing

[0087] 50: Motor

[0088] 200: Driving mechanism

[0089] 201: Shaft

[0090] C: Center

[0091] θ: Center angle

[0092] L1: Axis

[0093] L2: Centerline

[0094] PV: upright position

[0095] PH: Horizontal position

[0096] S: Clamping space

[0097] S1: First Space

[0098] S2: Second Space

[0099] T: Tool bar DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] In order to more clearly illustrate the present invention, a preferred embodiment is given and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , a preferred embodiment of the tool changing mechanism 100 of the present invention is applied to a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine as an example, and is used to exchange the tool on the main shaft of the processing machine with the tool in the tool magazine. The tool changing mechanism 100 is driven by a driving mechanism 200 to be centered on an axis L1. Figure 2 The vertical position PV shown and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the tool change mechanism 100 includes a body 10, a tool change arm 20, a stop unit 30 and a motor 50, wherein the body 10 is connected to a shaft 201 of the drive mechanism 200, the shaft 201 has the axis L1 and the axis L1 passes through the body 10, the shaft 201 is controlled to rotate and synchronously drives the tool change mechanism 100 to pivot, and since the drive mechanism 200 is not the focus of the present invention, it will not be described in detail.

[0101] Please refer to Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the tool changing arm 20 includes a tool arm 21 and a rotating shaft 22. The tool arm 21 is provided with a tool clamping assembly at two different ends. One end of the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected to the central part of the tool arm 21, and the other end is connected to the central part of the tool arm 21 through a connecting sleeve 22a ( Figure 8 The motor 50 is connected to the machine body 10 and is used to control the rotating shaft 22 to drive the knife arm 21 to rotate around a center line L2.

[0102] The two ends of the above-mentioned knife arm 21 are respectively a knife clamping part 21A and a knife clamping part 21B which are opened outward, each of the knife clamping parts has an integrally formed knife clamping plate 21a, and each of the knife clamping parts is provided with a lateral groove 21b on the opposite side of the knife clamping plate 21a, and the bottom of the lateral groove 21b is further provided with a accommodating hole 21c which does not penetrate the knife arm 21 in the horizontal direction. In addition, the knife arm 21 is provided with a through hole 21d which penetrates the top surface and the bottom surface in the vertical direction on both sides of the part connected to the rotating shaft 22. As for each of the knife clamping assemblies, it includes an elastic member 23, a knife clamp 24 and an axle pin 25, wherein the elastic member 23 is pre-placed in one of the accommodating holes 21c, the knife clamp 24 is placed in one of the lateral grooves 21b, the axle pin 25 passes through the knife arm 21 and the knife clamp 24, so that the knife clamp 24 can swing with the axle pin 25 as a fulcrum, and the knife clamp 24 is bounded by the axle pin 25 and forms a knife-resisting end 24a and a touch end 24b at both ends. One end of the elastic member 23 abuts against the bottom of the accommodating hole 21c, and the other end abuts against the portion of the knife clamp 24 between the axle pin 25 and the touch end 24b. The elastic force provided by the elastic member 23 acts on the knife clamp 24, so that the knife-resisting end 24a of the knife clamp 24 is maintained against the knife clamp plate 21a.

[0103] When the tool bar T combined with the tool enters and exits the clamping space S formed by the tool clamp plate 21a and the tool end 24a of the tool clamp 24, the tool bar T will touch and push the tool end 24a to make the tool clamp 24 slightly swing, so that the tool bar T can smoothly enter and exit the clamping space S. After the tool bar T enters the clamping space S, the tool clamp 24 causes the tool end 24a to buckle against the tool bar T through the elastic force of the elastic member 23, so that the tool bar T is stably clamped. The above-mentioned method of clamping the tool bar T is composed of an integrally formed tool clamp plate 21a and a swingable tool clamp 24. However, in practice, the lateral grooves at one end of the knife arm can be two and symmetrically arranged on the left and right, and the tool clamps can also be two and each is pivotally connected to one of the lateral grooves, and the tool bar can be clamped between the two tool clamps.

[0104] The detent unit 30 includes a rotating disk 31, two detent rods 32, two reset members 33, two bottom covers 34 and two top covers 35, wherein the rotating disk 31 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 22 in a manner that it can be kept at the same height position, and the rotating disk 31 can rotate around the rotating shaft 22. In this embodiment, the rotating disk 31 has a hollow portion 31a, and has two through holes 31b located on both sides of the hollow portion 31a; the two detent rods 32 respectively include a long rod body 32a, a joint 32b and a brake block 32c, one end of the two long rod bodies 32a respectively passes through one of the bottom covers 34 and then through one of the through holes 31b of the rotating disk 31 and then connected to the joint 32b, and the other end of the long rod body 32a is connected to the brake block 32c, and the bottom cover 34 is fixed to the rotating disk 31. The bottom surface of the knife arm 21 is connected so that the brake block 32c is located in the through hole 21d of the knife arm 21. At this point, the joints 32b and the brake block 32c at both ends of the detent rod 32 are located on both sides of the turntable 31, wherein the brake block 32c is defined as the pushing end of the present invention, and the joint 32b is defined as the abutting end of the present invention. In addition, the joint 32b and the brake block 32c are connected to the long rod body 32a in a manner that they can be separated from it and are replaceable.

[0105] The two reset members 33 are springs and are respectively arranged in one of the through holes 21d. The two top covers 35 are fixed to the top surface of the knife arm 21 and respectively restrict one of the reset members 33 in one of the through holes 21d. The reset members 33 provide a thrust acting on one of the detent rods 32 so that each of the detent rods 32 maintains moving in the outward direction. As can be seen from the above, the assembled two detent rods 32 are mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft 22 through the rotating disk 31 in a manner that they can move parallel to the center line L2. When the knife arm 21 rotates, the knife arm 21 drives the two detent rods 32 to link the rotating disk 31 and rotate around the rotating shaft 22 as the center.

[0106] Please cooperate Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , the actuating unit 30 further includes a shaft tube 36, a movable cylinder 37, a support tube 38 and a guide plate 39. The shaft tube 36 is installed inside the movable cylinder 37. For the convenience of description, the structure of the shaft tube 36 is first described, and then the movable cylinder 37 is described. The shaft tube 36 has a plurality of through holes 36a penetrating the top and bottom surfaces, and a radially protruding ring wall 36b on its outer circumference. Fig. 9As shown, the shaft tube 36 is provided with a channel 361 and a channel 362 which are not connected to each other, and the two ends of the two channels are respectively a first port and a second port, wherein the first port 361a of the channel 361 and the first port 362a of the channel 362 are located at the bottom of the shaft tube 36, and can be connected to an external pressure source (not shown) through a nozzle 40 respectively, and the second port 361b of the channel 361 and the second port 362b of the channel 362 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft tube 36, and the second port 361b and the second port 362b are respectively located on both sides of the annular wall 36b.

[0107] The movable cylinder 37 is movable relative to the shaft tube 36 along the center line L2. Fig.10 As shown, the movable cylinder 37 of this embodiment includes a circular lifting seat 371, a cylinder tube 372 and a guide cover 373. When assembling, the cylinder tube 372 is first sleeved on the shaft tube 36, and then the lifting seat 371 and the guide cover 373 are clamped with the cylinder tube 372, and a plurality of screws 374 are passed through each through hole 373a on the guide cover 373 and then locked into the corresponding screw hole 371a of the lifting seat 371. In this way, the cylinder tube 372 can be fixed between the lifting seat 371 and the guide cover 373. At the same time, the annular wall 36b of the shaft tube 36 divides the interior of the movable cylinder 37 into a first space S1 ( Fig.13 Reference) and a second space S2 ( Fig.15 Reference), that is, the space between the guide cover 373 and the annular wall 36b constitutes the first space S1, the space between the lifting seat 371 and the annular wall 36b constitutes the second space S2, and the second port 361b of the above-mentioned channel 361 is connected to the first space S1, and the second port 362b of the above-mentioned channel 362 is connected to the second space S2.

[0108] In addition, the top surface of the lifting seat 371 of the movable cylinder 37 is further designed to have a ring-shaped top surface 375 with a height difference and fluctuations, such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the annular top surface 375 takes the center C as the vertex, and the range of the central angle θ between 90 and 150 degrees is defined as the low-position segment 375a, and the portion outside the low-position segment 375a is the high-position segment 375b. In the present embodiment, the central angle θ is 120 degrees as an example. The low-position segment 375a is a curved surface that gradually sinks toward the central part, while the high-position segment 375b is a plane. The center of the curved surface constituting the low-position segment 375a (i.e., θ=60 degrees) is the lowest point relative to the plane constituting the high-position segment 375b.

[0109] like Figure 8As shown, the support tube 38 is a long cylindrical tube body, and the tube body has a protruding shoulder 38a, and the bottom is formed with an outer expansion wall 38b, and the outer expansion wall 38b is provided with a plurality of through holes 38c. The guide plate 39 has a hollow portion 39a for sleeve-fitting the support tube 38, and the guide plate 39 is provided with a plurality of through holes 39b on the periphery of the hollow portion 39a, and the guide plate 39 has two wings 39c extending outward, and each of the wings 39c is provided with a through hole 39d. During assembly, the guide plate 39 is first placed between the shaft tube 36 and the support tube 38, and then one end of a plurality of long rod-shaped screws 41 is successively passed through the through hole 36a of the shaft tube 36, the through hole 39b of the guide plate 39 and the through hole 38c of the support tube 38, and then locked into the body 10, so that the shaft tube 36 and the support tube 38 are connected to the body 10 and fixed. As the screws 41 are tightened, the bottom of the shaft tube 36 is forced to press the guide plate 39 tightly against the outer expansion wall 38b, so that the guide plate 39 will not rotate; in addition, the guide plate 39 is respectively passed through one of the through holes 39d by two screws 42 and locked to a guide rod 43, and each of the guide rods 43 is respectively passed through a through hole 373b of the guide cover 373, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the movable cylinder 37 from rotating improperly relative to the shaft tube 36.

[0110] In the above, the assembled support tube 38 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft 22, and the bottom of the support tube 38 is fixed to the machine body 10, and the top is close to the knife arm 21 but does not hinder the rotation of the knife arm 21. The shaft tube 36 is sleeved outside the support tube 38, and the movable cylinder 37 is sleeved on the shaft tube 36 in a manner that it can move relative to the shaft tube 36 but cannot rotate, and the two detent rods 32 are located between the knife arm 21 and the lifting seat 371 of the movable cylinder 37. In addition, a bearing 44 ( Figure 7 Reference), thereby achieving the purpose that the turntable 31 can be maintained at the same height position and can rotate around the rotating shaft 22 as the center.

[0111] As mentioned above, the tool changing mechanism 100 of this embodiment can be controlled in the upright position PV ( Figure 2 Reference) and horizontal position PH( Figure 3 ), and the linkage relationship between the tool changing arm 20 and the actuating unit 30 is explained by taking the tool changing mechanism 100 applied to vertical processing and horizontal processing as examples.

[0112] First, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 12 to Figure 14As shown, it is revealed that the tool changing mechanism 100 is applied to vertical processing and is in the upright position PV. In this process, in order for the tool clamping part of the tool arm 21 to smoothly grasp the tool rod T arranged upright, the movable cylinder 37 must be controlled to be kept on the side relatively far away from the tool arm 21, so that when the two detent rods 32 are pushed downward by the reset members 33, the detent rods 32 can have enough downward movement space to drive their brake blocks 32c to leave the swinging path of the tool clamp 24, thereby ensuring that the tool clamp 24 can have swinging space to respond to the tool rod T entering and exiting the clamping space S. The movable cylinder 37 in the aforementioned state is defined as being located at a first position P1. At this time, the tool clamp 24 is still in a state of being able to swing flexibly ( Figure 6 Reference), when the tool bar T enters the clamping space S, it is not only supported by the tool clamp plate 21a and the tool clamp 24 and does not fall due to its own weight, but the tool clamp 24 is continuously subjected to the elastic force of the elastic member 23, so that its abutting end 24a is close to the tool clamp plate 21a and clamps the tool bar T together with it. Since the elastic force of the elastic member 23 is set to be greater than the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the knife arm 21 on the tool bar T, the tool bar T can be effectively held between the tool clamp plate 21a and the tool clamp 24. When the tool bar T moves in and out of the clamping space S and touches the abutting end 24a, the tool clamp 24 will deflect and compress the elastic member 23 to deform, so that the tool bar T can smoothly enter and exit the clamping space S.

[0113] In the above description, in order to ensure that the brake block 32c at one end of the detent rod 32 does not hinder the swing of the tool holder 24, the downward movement fixed point position of the movable cylinder 37 is set so that the joint 32b of the two detent rods 32 does not touch the annular top surface 375 of the movable cylinder 37. However, considering that the tool changing mechanism 100 is also suitable for horizontal processing, the first position P1 of the movable cylinder 37 of this embodiment is set as follows: Fig.13 The position shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 1 , and the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 of the movable cylinder 37 is maintained on the same side of the same rotation direction pivot swing as the tool changing mechanism 100, so as to Fig.13For example, when the tool changing mechanism 100 is swung to the left, the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 is designed to be located on the left side; in addition, for the convenience of description, the two detent rods are hereinafter referred to as the first detent rod 32A and the second detent rod 32B, respectively. Therefore, when the movable cylinder 37 is located at the first position P1, it means that the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 is in contact with the joint 32b of the first detent rod 32A, and the low section 375a of the annular top surface 375 is not in contact with the joint 32b of the second detent rod 32B. In addition, the method used in this embodiment to control the movable cylinder 37 to move to the first position P1 is to input high-pressure gas into the first space S1 through the channel 361 (at the same time, the gas in the second space S2 is discharged through the channel 362). On the basis that the shaft tube 36 is fixed, when the internal pressure of the first space S1 is greater than the internal pressure of the second space S2, the high-pressure gas will push the movable cylinder 37 to move downward and remain in the first position P1.

[0114] When the tool change mechanism 100 is to be used for tool change operation in horizontal machining, the tool change mechanism 100 leaves the tool magazine in the state of being kept in the upright position PV, and when approaching the spindle of the machining machine, the movable cylinder 37 of the actuator unit 30 is first controlled to move to a certain point in the direction of the tool arm 21, and then the tool change mechanism 100 is controlled to pivot to the horizontal position PH ( Figure 3 Here, the fixed point reached by the movable cylinder 37 moving toward the knife arm 21 is defined as a second position P2 ( Fig.15 Reference), the method for controlling the movable cylinder 37 to move to the second position P2 is also to input high-pressure gas to push the movable cylinder 37. What is different from the above is that the high-pressure gas at this moment is injected into the second space S2 along the channel 362 (at the same time, the gas in the first space S1 is discharged along the channel 361). Similarly, on the basis that the shaft tube 36 is fixed, when the internal pressure of the second space S2 is greater than the internal pressure of the first space S1, the high-pressure gas can push the movable cylinder 37 to move upward and maintain it at the second position P2.

[0115] Since the low section 375a and the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 have a height difference, when the movable cylinder 37 moves upward, the high section 375b of the annular top surface 375 will continue to push the first detent rod 32A to move upward, and when the brake block 32c of the first detent rod 32A contacts the actuating end 24b ( Fig.16), the tool holder 24 cannot be swung, so that the knife end 24a of the tool holder 24 and the tool holder plate 21a jointly and firmly clamp the tool bar T, so as to achieve the purpose of locking the tool bar T; at the same time, the low section 375a only contacts the joint 32b of the second detent rod 32B but does not push the second detent rod 32B to move upward, so the brake block 32c of the second detent rod 32B is still under the thrust of the reset member 33 and is kept in the position as shown in FIG. Fig.14 In the state shown in FIG. 1 where the actuating end 24 b is not in contact, the brake block 32 c of the second actuating rod 32B does not hinder the swinging of the tool holder 24 . However, the tool holder 24 is still buckled against the tool rod T by the elastic force of the elastic member 23 .

[0116] After the movable cylinder 37 reaches the second position P2, the tool changing mechanism 100 is controlled to pivot to the horizontal position PH. Fig.17 As shown, at this time, although the opening of the knife clamping portion 21A at the lower position of the knife arm 21 is facing downward, the knife clamp 24 there is pushed by the first detent rod 32A to form a knife locking state for the horizontally arranged knife rod T, which can prevent the knife rod T from loosening from the knife clamping portion 21A; at the same time, the opening of the knife clamping portion 21B at the higher position of the knife arm 21 is set upward, so that the knife rod T on the main shaft of the processing machine can be placed therein, and the knife rod T there is supported by the knife clamping portion 21B and does not fall due to its own weight. At the same time, benefiting from the elastic force of the elastic member 23 of the knife clamping portion 21B, the knife rod T there is kept in a stable state.

[0117] When the knife arm 21 is controlled to rotate 180 degrees to perform a knife changing operation, the first detent rod 32A and the second detent rod 32B will rotate around the rotating shaft 22 in a circular trajectory as the knife arm 21 rotates. Benefiting from the thrust of the two reset members 33, the abutting ends (i.e., the joints 32b) of the first detent rod 32A and the second detent rod 32B always keep in contact with the annular top surface 375, and the knife clamping portion 21A at the low position is changed to the high position (the knife clamping portion at the original high position is In the process of the knife arm 21 rotating to the lower position, the first detent rod 32A and the second detent rod 32B will also synchronously exchange positions, that is, the abutting end of the first detent rod 32A will slide into the lower position section 375a along the high position section 375b to gradually loosen the knife clamping portion 21A, and the abutting end of the second detent rod 32B will move from the lowest point of the low position section 375a to the high position section 375b, thereby gradually locking the knife clamping portion 21B. Therefore, based on the aforementioned structural relationship, when the knife arm 21 rotates, the knife clamping portion 21A and the knife clamping portion 21B can timely loosen and lock the knife rod T arranged horizontally, so as to ensure the smoothness of the knife changing operation.

[0118] From the above, it can be seen that when the tool changing mechanism 100 of the present embodiment is applied to a vertical and horizontal dual-purpose processing machine, the tool locking and releasing mechanism of the tool rod T can be effectively executed regardless of whether it is in the process of vertical processing or horizontal processing. In addition, the means for controlling the movement of the movable cylinder 37 between the first position P1 and the second position P2 in the present embodiment is to adopt air pressure control, which is green and environmentally friendly. Of course, oil pressure means can also be used as needed. In addition, between the various components of the above-mentioned tool changing arm 20 and the actuating unit 30, bearings or seals are provided according to the configuration requirements to ensure the smoothness of the operation of the relevant components and a good sealing effect. It should be further noted that the tool clamp 24 of the above-mentioned embodiment is designed in a manner that can rotate and swing, but in practice, the tool clamp can also be designed to be able to move back and forth in a straight line direction to achieve the purpose of locking and releasing the tool.

[0119] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any equivalent changes made by applying the present invention specification and the scope of patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism for a processing machine, characterized in that: Include: One organism; A tool changing arm, comprising a tool arm and a rotating shaft, wherein the tool arm has two different ends and a tool clamping group is respectively provided at each end, each tool clamping group comprises at least one tool clamp, and the at least one tool clamp has two ends and respectively constitutes a touch end and a tool abutting end; one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the tool arm, and the other end passes through the machine body, and the rotating shaft is controlled to drive the tool arm to rotate around a center line; A detent unit, comprising a movable cylinder and two detent rods, the movable cylinder being sleeved on the rotating shaft and being able to move between a first position and a second position along the center line, the movable cylinder having an annular top surface, the annular top surface being divided into a high section and a low section according to a height difference; the two detent rods being mounted on the outer side of the rotating shaft in a manner of being able to move parallel to the center line, and the two detent rods being able to rotate around the rotating shaft as the center along with the rotation of the knife arm, each of the detent rods having two ends, which respectively constitute an abutting end and a pushing end; Thereby, when the movable cylinder is located at the first position, the abutting end of at least one of the two detent rods does not contact the annular top surface; when the movable cylinder is located at the second position, the abutting end of one of the two detent rods contacts the high-position section of the annular top surface, and its pushing end pushes against the touch end of at least one tool clamp of the tool clamping group, and the abutting end of the other of the two detent rods contacts the low-position section of the annular top surface, and its pushing end does not push against the touch end of at least one tool clamp of the other tool clamping group.

2. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one tool clamp of each tool clamping group of the tool changing arm can rotate and swing around a fulcrum. When the movable cylinder is located at the first position, the abutting end of one of the detent rods contacts the high-position section of the annular top surface, and the abutting end of the other detent rod does not contact the low-position section of the annular top surface. When the movable cylinder is located at the second position, the pushing end of the detent rod contacting the high-position section makes one of the at least one tool clamps in a non-rotatable state, and the pushing end of the detent rod contacting the low-position section makes the other at least one tool clamp in a rotatable state.

3. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The braking unit includes a shaft tube, which is sleeved with the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the body, and the movable cylinder is sleeved on the outside of the shaft tube, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the shaft tube has a radially protruding annular wall, and the annular wall divides the internal space of the movable cylinder into a first space and a second space that are not connected. When the internal pressure of the first space is greater than the internal pressure of the second space, the movable cylinder is located at the first position, and when the internal pressure of the second space is greater than the internal pressure of the first space, the movable cylinder is located at the second position.

4. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable cylinder is mounted on the outside of the shaft tube in a non-rotatable manner, and two channels are arranged inside the shaft tube. The two channels respectively have a first port for connecting to an external pressure source, and the two channels respectively have a second port, wherein the second port of one channel is connected to the first space, and the second port of the other channel is connected to the second space.

5. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The braking unit includes a support tube, which is sleeved with the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the body at one end, and connected to the knife arm at the other end in a manner that the knife arm can rotate relative to the support tube; the shaft tube is sleeved outside the support tube and fixedly connected to the support tube.

6. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the tool clamping assemblies includes an elastic member and an axial pin. The elastic member is arranged inside the tool arm. The axial pin passes through the at least one tool clamp. The at least one tool clamp can swing with the axial pin as a fulcrum. The elastic member provides an elastic force to act on the at least one tool clamp so that the tool end of the at least one tool clamp maintains moving in a predetermined direction.

7. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the knife arm are respectively provided with at least one lateral groove, a receiving hole and a through hole, the at least one knife clamp is arranged in the at least one lateral groove, the elastic member is arranged in the receiving hole, and the pushing ends of the two detent rods respectively protrude into one of the through holes; wherein the detent unit includes two reset members respectively arranged in one of the through holes, each of the reset members provides a thrust acting on the pushing end of one of the detent rods so that each of the detent rods maintains moving in the direction of the movable cylinder.

8. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detent unit comprises a turntable, which is sleeved with the rotating shaft in a manner that it can be kept at the same height position. The turntable can rotate around the rotating shaft. The two detent rods pass through the turntable respectively, and the abutting end and the pushing end of each detent rod are located on both sides of the turntable.

9. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high section of the annular top surface of the movable cylinder is a plane, and the low section of the annular top surface is a gradually concave curved surface.

10. The tool changing mechanism of a processing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The movable cylinder is defined to have a center, and the low section of the annular top surface is within the range of a center angle between 90 and 150 degrees.

Images