Drilling-while-drilling and retreating type slotting integrated drill bit for soft coal seam

Abstract

The soft coal seam punching while drilling and retreating type slotting integrated drill bit comprises a punching assembly and a sealing assembly, the punching assembly comprises a drill bit and a tailstock, a first water guide pipe is arranged at the tail of the drill bit, a first end socket is connected to the tail of the first water guide pipe, a first water guide hole is formed in the first end socket, and a second water guide hole is formed in the tail of the first water guide pipe; the head of the drill bit is provided with a water spraying hole communicated with the first water guide pipe, a flow collecting cavity is formed in the tailstock, the tail of the flow collecting cavity is connected with a water inlet pipe, the head of the flow collecting cavity is connected with a second water guide pipe, and the drill bit is connected with the tailstock through a straight rod. The sealing assembly comprises ring sleeves installed on the second water guide pipe and the first water guide pipe respectively, sealing bags and bag filling mechanisms used for controlling the sealing bags are installed on the ring sleeves, and a slotting assembly is arranged between the two ring sleeves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a drill bit integrating punching and backward slotting in soft coal seams. Background Art

[0002] There is a large proportion of soft coal seams in the country's coal seams. The soft coal seams are soft and have poor permeability. The gas content and gas pressure are often relatively high. This type of coal seam cannot solve the problem of major gas outbursts during coal mining by simply relying on mine ventilation, and gas extraction is often required.

[0003] Since soft coal seams have many problems such as soft coal quality, poor permeability and high gas content, safety accidents such as coal and gas outbursts are prone to occur during mining. At present, in order to reduce mining accidents in soft coal seams, the main solution is to extract gas through drilling to reduce gas pressure.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat-type slotting for soft coal seams to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a drill bit with integrated punching and retreat-type slitting in soft coal seams, comprising a punching assembly and a sealing assembly, the punching assembly comprising a drill bit and a tail stock, the tail of the drill bit is provided with a water pipe, the tail of the water pipe is connected with a head seal, the head seal is provided with a water hole, the head of the drill bit is provided with a water spray hole connected with the water pipe, a manifold is provided in the tail stock, the tail of the manifold is connected with a water inlet pipe, the head of the manifold is connected with a water pipe, the drill bit and the tail stock are connected by a straight rod; the sealing assembly comprises annular sleeves respectively installed on the water pipe and the first water pipe, a sealing bag and a filling mechanism for controlling the sealing bag are installed on the annular sleeves, and a slitting assembly is provided between the two annular sleeves.

[0006] Furthermore, the slitting assembly includes a fixed sleeve, a fixed sleeve 1, a sliding sleeve 2 and a rotating cylinder. The fixed sleeves are respectively installed on the water pipe 2 and the water pipe 1. A flow diversion cavity is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve located on one side of the water pipe 1 and the water diversion hole 1. The tail of the fixed sleeve 1 is connected to the head of the water pipe 2. The sliding sleeve 1 is provided on the head of the fixed sleeve 1. A flow gathering cavity is formed between the sliding sleeve 1 and the fixed sleeve 1. The sliding sleeve 1 is connected to the fixed sleeve on one side of the sliding sleeve 1 through a spring 2. A through hole 4 is provided on the head of the sliding sleeve 1. The sliding sleeve 2 penetrates the sliding sleeve 1. The tail of the second sleeve is connected with the focusing chamber, and a baffle plate covering the outside of the through hole 4 is installed at the tail end of the second sliding sleeve, and the baffle plate is connected to the tail of the focusing chamber through a spring 3. A second seal is installed at the head of the second sliding sleeve, and the second seal is slidably connected to the flow guide chamber. A second water guide hole is provided at the head of the second seal, and the second water guide hole is in a non-aligned state with the first water guide hole. The head end and the tail end of the rotating cylinder are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed sleeves on their corresponding sides, and a guide fan strip is provided on the inner cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder located outside the first sliding sleeve, and a split spray hole is provided on the cylinder wall of the rotating cylinder located at the tail of the guide fan strip.

[0007] Furthermore, the length between the through hole 4 and the fixing sleeve on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, a retaining cylinder for limiting the retaining ring disk is also provided in the fixing cylinder sleeve 1, and a through hole 4 is provided on the wall of the retaining cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, a through hole six is ​​provided on the drum wall at the head of the guide fan bar in the drum, and a one-way valve is installed on the through hole six, and the one-way valve allows the fluid outside the drum to enter the drum.

[0010] Furthermore, a filter is provided at the input end of the one-way valve.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixed sleeve 2 is installed at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 1, a buffer cavity is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 and the fixed sleeve 1, a plug ring is provided in the buffer cavity, the plug ring is connected to the tail end of the buffer cavity by a spring 4, a retaining ring block for limiting the plug ring is provided at the head of the buffer cavity, and a through hole 5 is provided on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve 2 corresponding to the retaining ring block.

[0012] Furthermore, the filling mechanism includes a accommodating chamber and a column cavity which are arranged in the ring sleeve and are connected radially and coaxially. The accommodating chamber is connected to the sealing bag. A plug disk is provided in the accommodating chamber. The plug disk is connected to the bottom of the column cavity by a spring. An axial through hole 2 is also provided in the ring sleeve. The head end of through hole 2 is connected to the column cavity. A through hole 3 is provided in the fixed sleeve. The head end of through hole 3 is connected to the tail end of through hole 2, and the tail end of through hole 3 is connected to the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a drill bit integrating punching and retreat slotting for soft coal seams, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] Through the structural design of the punching assembly, the sealing assembly and the slitting assembly in the present invention, when punching is required while drilling, it is only necessary to control the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe so that the second head and the first head are in a separated state. At this time, punching can be carried out while drilling. When slitting is required, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe is controlled and increased so that the second head and the first head are in a fitted state. The sealing bag can simultaneously seal the area to be slit, so that the soft coal seam can be slit. When retreating, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe is reduced, and the sealing bag can recover by itself so as to retreat while drilling, thereby making the integrated implementation of punching, retreating and slitting more efficient and safer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drill bit integrated with punching and backward slotting for soft coal seams according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a drill bit integrated with punching and retreating slotting for soft coal seams according to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing assembly of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slitting assembly of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the punching assembly structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drum of the present invention;

[0021] In the figure: 1, punching assembly; 2, sealing assembly; 3, slotting assembly; 4, rotating drum; 11, drill bit; 12, tailstock; 13, water inlet pipe; 14, straight rod; 15, head 1; 111, water spray hole; 112, water guide pipe 1; 121, manifold; 122, water guide pipe 2; 151, water guide hole 1; 21, ring sleeve; 22, sealing capsule; 23, filling mechanism; 231, column cavity; 232, accommodating cavity; 233, through hole 2; 234, plug disc; 235, spring 1; 31, fixing sleeve; 32, fixing sleeve 1; 33, slide cylinder Sleeve one; 34, spring two; 35, slide sleeve two; 36, baffle ring plate; 37, head two; 38, spring three; 39, baffle cylinder; 310, fixed sleeve two; 311, through hole three; 312, diversion chamber; 321, focusing chamber; 331, through hole four; 371, water guide hole two; 391, through hole four; 3101, plug ring; 3102, spring four; 3103, baffle ring block; 3104, through hole five; 3105, buffer chamber; 41, slit spray hole; 42, through hole six; 43, one-way valve; 44, diversion fan strip; 45, filter disc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a soft coal seam drilling punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit, comprising a punching assembly 1 and a sealing assembly 2, wherein the punching assembly 1 comprises a drill bit 11 and a tailstock 12, wherein the tail of the drill bit 11 is provided with a water pipe 112, the tail of the water pipe 112 is connected with a head 15, the head 15 is provided with a water hole 151, the head of the drill bit 11 is provided with a water spray hole 111 connected with the water pipe 112, and the tailstock 1 2 is provided with a manifold 121, the tail of the manifold 121 is connected to the water inlet pipe 13, the head of the manifold 121 is connected to the water guide pipe 122, the drill bit 11 and the tailstock 12 are connected by a straight rod 14; the sealing assembly 2 comprises a ring sleeve 21 respectively installed on the water guide pipe 122 and the water guide pipe 1 112, a sealing bag 22 and a filling mechanism 23 for controlling the sealing bag 22 are installed on the ring sleeve 21, and a slit assembly 3 is provided between the two ring sleeves 21;

[0023] Among them, the water pipe 1 112, the water pipe 2 122, the head 15, the straight rod 14, the drill bit 11, the tail seat 12 and the water inlet pipe 13 are all coaxially arranged, and the straight rod 14 passes through the water pipe 1 112, the head 15, the water pipe 2 122 and the manifold 121.

[0024] In this embodiment, the slitting assembly 3 includes a fixed sleeve 31, a fixed sleeve 1 32, a slide sleeve 2 35 and a rotating drum 4. The fixed sleeve 31 is respectively installed on the water pipe 2 122 and the water pipe 1 112. A flow diversion cavity 312 is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve 31 located on one side of the water pipe 1 112 and the water diversion hole 151. The tail of the fixed sleeve 1 32 is connected to the head of the water pipe 2 122. The slide sleeve of the head of the fixed sleeve 1 32 is provided with a slide sleeve 1 33. A flow gathering cavity 321 is formed between the slide sleeve 1 33 and the fixed sleeve 1 32. The slide sleeve 1 33 is connected to the fixed sleeve 31 on one side thereof through a spring 2 34. A through hole 4 331 is provided at the head of the slide sleeve 1 33. The slide sleeve 2 35 penetrates the slide sleeve 1 33, the tail of the second slide sleeve 35 is connected with the focusing chamber 321, and a baffle plate 36 covering the outside of the fourth through hole 331 is installed at the tail end of the second slide sleeve 35, and the baffle plate 36 is connected to the tail of the focusing chamber 321 through a spring 38, and a second head 37 is installed at the head of the second slide sleeve 35, and the second head 37 is slidably connected with the guide chamber 312, and a second water guide hole 371 is provided at the head of the second head 37, and the second water guide hole 371 is in a non-aligned state with the first water guide hole 151, and the head end and the tail end of the rotating drum 4 are respectively rotatably connected with the fixed sleeve 31 on the corresponding side, and a guide fan strip 44 is provided on the inner cylinder wall of the rotating drum 4 located outside the first slide sleeve 33, and a split spray hole 41 is provided on the cylinder wall of the rotating drum 3 located at the tail of the guide fan strip 44;

[0025] When the retaining ring plate 36 moves toward the head direction, the retaining cylinder 39 and the retaining ring plate 36 are separated from each other.

[0026] In this embodiment, the length between the through hole 4 331 and the fixed sleeve 31 on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity 312; that is, when the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fitted state, the pressure is continuously increased, and the slide sleeve 1 33 continues to move toward the head direction. At this time, the retaining ring plate 36 can be separated from the through hole 4 331; specifically, when the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a separated state, the fluid in the water inlet pipe 13 flows through the flow collecting cavity 121, the second water guide pipe 122, the flow collecting cavity 321, the slide sleeve 2 35, the water guide hole 2 37 in sequence. , the flow diversion cavity 312, the water guide hole 151, the water guide pipe 112 and the water spray hole 111 are punched while drilling. When the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fitting state, the water guide hole 151 and the second water guide hole 371 are in a blocked state. The fluid in the water inlet pipe 13 flows through the flow collecting cavity 121, the second water guide pipe 122, the flow collecting cavity 321 and the through hole 4 331 in sequence and enters the barrel cavity of the rotating drum 4. Before the fluid in the barrel cavity of the rotating drum 4 flows out through the split spray hole 41, it can push the flow diversion fan strip 44, and the flow diversion fan strip 44 can drive the rotating drum 4 to rotate and perform slitting.

[0027] In this embodiment, a retaining cylinder 39 for limiting the position of the retaining ring disk 36 is further provided in the fixing cylinder sleeve 1 32 , and a through hole 4 391 is provided on the cylinder wall of the retaining cylinder 39 so as to limit the position of the retaining ring disk 36 .

[0028] In this embodiment, a through hole 6 42 is provided on the wall of the drum 3 at the head of the guide fan strip 44, and a one-way valve 43 is installed on the through hole 6 42. The one-way valve 43 allows the fluid outside the drum 3 to enter the drum 3; specifically, during the slitting process, when the gas in the soft coal seam gushes out, under the sealing of the sealing bag 22 and the action of the one-way valve 43, it can flow into the one-way valve 43 and increase the pressure in the drum 4. Under the drainage of the slitting fracturing fluid, it can be converted into kinetic energy of the driving force for the guide fan strip 44, and at the same time, it can be ejected from the slitting nozzle 41, which not only avoids the dangerous situation of gas gushing, but also makes full use of the energy of the gas gushing as the driving energy for slitting, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the slitting operation.

[0029] In this embodiment, a filter 45 is provided at the input end of the one-way valve 43 to prevent the one-way valve 43 from being blocked.

[0030] In this embodiment, a fixed sleeve 2 310 is installed at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 1 32, and a buffer chamber 3105 is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 310 and the fixed sleeve 1 32. A plug ring 3101 is provided in the buffer chamber 3105, and the plug ring 3101 is connected to the tail of the buffer chamber 3105 through a spring 4 3102. A retaining ring block 3103 for limiting the plug ring 3101 is provided at the head of the buffer chamber 3105, and a through hole 5 3104 is provided on the cylinder wall of the fixed sleeve 2 310 corresponding to the retaining ring block 3103; that is, when gas gushing occurs, for the sudden increase in pressure in the drum 4, the plug ring 3101 in the drum 4 can compress the spring 4 3102, thereby buffering the increased pressure in the drum 4, thereby improving the operating safety, and the energy accumulated in the spring 4 3102 can be gradually released along with the stability of the fluid flow in the drum 4, thereby making full use of the energy of the gas gushing.

[0031] In this embodiment, the bag filling mechanism 23 includes a accommodating chamber 232 and a column chamber 231 which are arranged in the ring sleeve 21 and are connected in a radial and coaxial manner. The accommodating chamber 232 is connected to the sealing bag 22. A plug disc 234 is provided in the accommodating chamber 232. The plug disc 234 is connected to the bottom of the column chamber 231 through a spring 235. The ring sleeve 21 is also provided with an axial through hole 233. The head end of the through hole 233 is connected to the column chamber 231. The fixing sleeve 31 is provided with Through hole three 311, the head of through hole three 311 is connected with the tail of through hole two 233, and the tail of through hole three 311 is connected with the barrel cavity of rotating drum 4; that is to say, when cutting, the fluid entering into rotating drum 4 passes through flow hole three 311, through hole two 233 and column cavity 231 in sequence, thereby pushing plug disc 234 to compress the gas above plug disc 234 in accommodating cavity 232 and enter into sealing bag 22, so that sealing bag 22 seals the wall of drilled hole.

[0032] In specific implementation, when it is necessary to punch holes while drilling, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is controlled so that the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a separated state. At this time, punching while drilling can be carried out. When slitting is required, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is controlled and increased so that the second head 37 and the first head 15 are in a fitted state. At the same time, the sealing bag 22 can seal the slit area and slit the soft coal seam. When retreating, the fluid pressure introduced by the water inlet pipe 13 is reduced, and the sealing bag 22 can recover by itself so as to retreat while drilling, thereby making the integrated implementation of punching and retreating slitting more efficient and safer.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit, comprising a punching component (1) and a sealing component (2), characterized in that: The punching assembly (1) comprises a drill bit (11) and a tailstock (12); a water pipe (112) is provided at the tail of the drill bit (11); a sealing head (15) is connected to the tail of the water pipe (112); a water hole (151) is provided on the sealing head (15); a water spray hole (111) connected to the water pipe (112) is provided at the head of the drill bit (11); a manifold (121) is provided in the tailstock (12); a water inlet pipe is connected to the tail of the manifold (121); (13), the head of the manifold (121) is connected to the second water pipe (122), and the drill bit (11) and the tailstock (12) are connected via a straight rod (14); the sealing assembly (2) comprises an annular sleeve (21) respectively mounted on the second water pipe (122) and the first water pipe (112), a sealing bag (22) and a filling mechanism (23) for controlling the sealing bag (22) are mounted on the annular sleeve (21), and a slit assembly (3) is provided between the two annular sleeves (21).

2. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slitting assembly (3) comprises a fixed sleeve (31), a fixed sleeve 1 (32), a slide sleeve 2 (35) and a rotating drum (4). The fixed sleeve (31) is respectively mounted on the water pipe 2 (122) and the water pipe 1 (112). A flow guiding cavity (312) is formed between the axial center hole of the fixed sleeve (31) located on one side of the water pipe 1 (112) and the water guiding hole 1 (151). The tail of the fixed sleeve 1 (32) is connected to the head of the water pipe 2 (122). The slide sleeve of the head of the fixed sleeve 1 (32) is provided with a slide sleeve 1 (33). A flow collecting cavity (321) is formed between the slide sleeve 1 (33) and the fixed sleeve 1 (32). The slide sleeve 1 (33) is connected to the fixed sleeve (31) on one side thereof via a spring 2 (34). A through hole 4 (331) is provided on the head of the slide sleeve 1 (33). The slide sleeve 2 (35) penetrates through the slide sleeve 1 (33). ), the tail of the second slide sleeve (35) is connected to the flow collecting chamber (321), the tail end of the second slide sleeve (35) is equipped with a baffle plate (36) covering the outside of the fourth through hole (331), the baffle plate (36) and the tail of the flow collecting chamber (321) are connected through a spring three (38), the head of the second slide sleeve (35) is equipped with a second head (37), the second head (37) is slidably connected to the guide chamber (312), the head of the second head (37) A second water guide hole (371) is provided, and the second water guide hole (371) is in a non-aligned state with the first water guide hole (151). The head end and the tail end of the rotating drum (4) are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve (31) on the corresponding side thereof. A guide fan strip (44) is provided on the inner cylinder wall of the rotating drum (4) located outside the first sliding sleeve (33). A split spray hole (41) is provided on the cylinder wall of the rotating drum (3) located at the tail of the guide fan strip (44).

3. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length between the through hole 4 (331) and the fixing sleeve (31) on one side thereof is greater than the axial length of the guide cavity (312).

4. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (32) is also provided with a retaining sleeve (39) for limiting the position of the retaining ring disk (36), and a through hole (391) is provided on the wall of the retaining sleeve (39).

5. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through hole six (42) is provided on the drum wall at the head of the guide fan strip (44) in the drum (3), and a one-way valve (43) is installed on the through hole six (42). The one-way valve (43) allows the fluid outside the drum (3) to enter the drum (3).

6. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A filter (45) is provided at the input end of the one-way valve (43).

7. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixed sleeve 2 (310) is installed at the tail end of the fixed sleeve 1 (32), a buffer chamber (3105) is formed between the fixed sleeve 2 (310) and the fixed sleeve 1 (32), a plug ring (3101) is provided in the buffer chamber (3105), the plug ring (3101) is connected to the tail end of the buffer chamber (3105) through a spring 4 (3102), a retaining ring block (3103) for limiting the plug ring (3101) is provided at the head of the buffer chamber (3105), and a through hole 5 (3104) is provided on the sleeve wall of the fixed sleeve 2 (310) corresponding to the retaining ring block (3103).

8. The soft coal seam punching and retreating slotting integrated drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filling mechanism (23) comprises a containing cavity (232) and a column cavity (231) which are arranged in the annular sleeve (21) and are connected in a radial and coaxial manner. The containing cavity (232) is connected to the sealing sac (22). A plug disc (234) is provided in the containing cavity (232). The plug disc (234) is connected to the bottom of the column cavity (231) via a spring 1 (235). An axial through hole 2 (233) is also provided in the annular sleeve (21). The head end of the through hole 2 (233) is connected to the column cavity (231). A through hole 3 (311) is provided in the fixing sleeve (31). The head end of the through hole 3 (311) is connected to the tail end of the through hole 2 (233). The tail end of the through hole 3 (311) is connected to the cylinder cavity of the rotating cylinder (4).

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