A quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope

Abstract

The present invention provides a quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope. The laser gyroscope includes a microcrystalline glass cavity, a cavity length adjustment mechanism, a mechanical dither wheel, an output mirror, and a reflecting mirror. A mirror mounting surface and a cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface are provided on the side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity. The reflecting mirror and the output mirror are respectively arranged on the mirror mounting surface, and the cavity length adjustment mechanism is arranged on the cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface. The microcrystalline glass cavity is supported on the mechanical dither wheel through a dither wheel mounting hole. The inner cavity of the microcrystalline glass cavity is a resonant cavity, and multiple layers of annular optical paths are formed in the resonant cavity. The quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope proposed by the present invention can multiply the optical path length with only a small increase in the thickness and weight of the laser gyroscope, and at the same time increase the optical flux, thereby improving the ultimate accuracy of the laser gyroscope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser gyroscopes, and particularly relates to a quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope. Background Art

[0002] A laser gyroscope is a core device of an inertial navigation system, which determines the positioning and orientation performance of weaponry such as missiles, aircraft, and ships. The most critical error term of a laser gyroscope is the angle random walk error, which directly determines the ultimate accuracy of the navigation system. In a two-frequency mechanically dithered laser gyroscope, the angle random walk error is mainly composed of two parts: the dither over-lock region error and quantum noise. With the continuous improvement of the manufacturing process of laser gyroscopes, the reflectivity of the diaphragm has reached a very high level, so the contribution rate of the lock region to random walk has gradually decreased. A large number of test data shows that the accuracy of a laser gyroscope based on a 632.8 nm red light wavelength has reached the quantum noise limit. On the premise of a fixed wavelength, the main way to improve the gyroscope accuracy at present is to increase the geometric size of the gyroscope. However, the increase in the geometric size of the gyroscope means an increase in the volume and weight of the entire inertial navigation system, and the payload burden on the equipment will increase, and the practicality will be greatly reduced.

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, in the prior art, 110 is the laser gyroscope cavity, 121, 122, 123, and 124 are respectively the four sides of a square annular optical path, 131 is the cathode, 132 is the anode, 141 and 142 are respectively the signal output mirrors, 150 is the cavity length adjustment device, and 160 is the dither bias frequency drive device. The optical path structure of a traditional laser gyroscope is as Figure 2 shown. When the wavelength is fixed at 632.8 nm, to further improve the gyroscope accuracy, only the length of the gyroscope annular optical path can be increased, which requires an increase in the geometric size of the gyroscope. The increase in the geometric size of the gyroscope will cause an increase in the volume and weight of the entire inertial navigation system, and the payload burden on the equipment will increase.

[0004] Based on the above technical problems existing in the laser gyroscope, there is no relevant solution; therefore, it is urgent to seek an effective solution to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to propose a quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope aiming at the deficiencies existing in the above technologies, aiming to solve one of the problems of large volume, heavy weight, and low accuracy of existing laser gyroscopes.

[0006] The present invention provides a quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope, which includes a microcrystalline glass cavity, a cavity length adjustment mechanism, a mechanical dither wheel, an output mirror, and a reflector; a mirror mounting surface and a cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface are provided on the side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity, the reflector and the output mirror are respectively arranged on the mirror mounting surface, and the cavity length adjustment mechanism is arranged on the cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface; the microcrystalline glass cavity is supported on the mechanical dither wheel through a dither wheel mounting hole; the inner cavity of the microcrystalline glass cavity is a resonant cavity, and a multi-layer annular optical path is formed in the resonant cavity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the annular optical path is a two-layer annular optical path or a three-layer annular optical path; the optical paths of the multi-layer annular optical path are connected by reflectors to form a closed annular optical path.

[0008] In some embodiments, each layer of the annular optical path is a regular polygon annular optical path.

[0009] In some embodiments, the shapes of each layer of the annular optical path are the same, and the sizes of each layer of the annular optical path are the same.

[0010] In some embodiments, the distance d between adjacent two layers of the annular optical path is equal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the normal incident angle and the exit angle of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path are symmetric; a mirror mounting surface is provided at the intersection of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path, and the mirror mounting surface is perpendicular to the normal of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reflector is a plane reflector, the output mirror is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, and the output mirror includes a first output mirror and a second output mirror; the cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface is a spherical mirror mounting surface, the mirror mounting surface and the spherical mirror mounting surface are respectively arranged at the intersection of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path, and the mirror mounting surface includes a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface and a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface; the first output mirror is arranged on the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface, and the second output mirror is arranged on the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface; a DC photoelectric tube is provided on the first output mirror, and a beam combining prism and an AC photoelectric tube are provided on the second output mirror; the cavity length adjustment mechanism includes a spherical mirror, and the spherical mirror is arranged on the spherical mirror mounting surface for adjusting the cavity length of the microcrystalline glass cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the length L of the optical path edge of the annular optical path plane of the same layer 1 is equal; the length L of the optical path edge of the optical path plane of the adjacent other layer 2 is equal; the distance between the optical path planes of adjacent two layers is d; L 2 satisfies:

[0014]

[0015] In some embodiments, a dither wheel mounting hole is provided at the center of the glass-ceramic cavity, and the mechanical dither wheel is disposed within the dither wheel mounting hole; piezoelectric ceramics are mounted on the spokes of the mechanical dither wheel, and the mechanical dither wheel is driven by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramics to drive the glass-ceramic cavity to vibrate back and forth, generating positive and negative alternating dither frequency offsets.

[0016] In some embodiments, the ring laser gyro further includes a cathode and an anode; the cathode is disposed on one side surface of the glass-ceramic cavity and is used to connect to the negative high voltage terminal of the high voltage ignition circuit of the ring laser gyro; the anode is disposed on the other side surface of the glass-ceramic cavity and is used to connect to the ground terminal of the high voltage ignition circuit of the ring laser gyro.

[0017] For the quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro proposed by the present invention, since its optical path adopts the structure of a folded multi-layer ring optical path, it can multiply the optical path length with only a small increase in the thickness and weight of the ring laser gyro, and at the same time increase the optical flux, thereby improving the ultimate accuracy of the ring laser gyro. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional ring laser gyro with a single-layer ring optical path;

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic optical path diagram of a conventional ring laser gyro;

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic optical path diagram of the quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the spot radius distribution at different positions within the cavities of a conventional ring laser gyro and a quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro;

[0024] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the ratio of the spot radii at different positions within the cavities of a conventional ring laser gyro and a quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro;

[0025] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro with a folded double-layer optical path of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 FIG. is a partial example diagram of the optical path structure form of the quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic overall diagram of the quantum noise compression type ring laser gyro of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Perspective view of the quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 110, laser gyroscope cavity; 121, first annular optical path side; 122, second annular optical path side; 123, third annular optical path side; 124, fourth annular optical path side; 131, cathode; 132, anode; 141, first signal output mirror; 142, second signal output mirror; 150, cavity length adjusting device; 160, dither biasing driving device;

[0030] 221, first optical path side; 222, second optical path side; 223, third optical path side; 224, fourth optical path side; 225, fifth optical path side; 226, sixth optical path side; 227, seventh optical path side; 228, eighth optical path side; 229, normal line; 230, vertical plane; 310, microcrystalline glass cavity; 331, cathode; 332, anode; 341, first output mirror; 342, second output mirror; 343, DC photoelectric tube; 344, light combining prism; 345, AC photoelectric tube; 350, spherical mirror; 360, mechanical dither wheel; 370, mirror. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0033] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined. "Several" means one or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] As Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the present invention provides a quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope. The laser gyroscope includes a microcrystalline glass cavity 310, a mechanical dither wheel 360, an output mirror, a reflecting mirror 370, and a cavity length adjusting mechanism 350. Among them, a mirror mounting surface and a cavity length adjusting mechanism mounting surface are provided on the side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity 310. The reflecting mirror 370 and the output mirror are respectively arranged on the mirror mounting surface, and the cavity length adjusting mechanism 350 is arranged on the cavity length adjusting mechanism mounting surface. The microcrystalline glass cavity 310 is supported on the mechanical dither wheel (360) through a dither wheel mounting hole. The inner cavity of the microcrystalline glass cavity 310 is a resonant cavity, and a multi-layer annular optical path is formed in the resonant cavity. This three-dimensional structure is arranged in the resonant cavity, that is, the multi-layer annular optical path is a three-dimensional multi-layer annular optical path. The microcrystalline glass cavity 310 is supported on the mechanical dither wheel 360. The mechanical dither wheel 360 is arranged inside the microcrystalline glass cavity 310 and drives the cavity 310 to vibrate back and forth to generate positive and negative alternating vibration bias frequencies. The annular optical path is provided with optical path holes in the circumferential direction of the dither wheel mounting hole for forming an optical path. The quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope provided by the present invention can effectively increase the photon carrying capacity by designing a multi-layer annular optical path, expand the number of photons in the cavity longitudinally and transversely, compress the quantum noise limit of the gyroscope without increasing the side length dimension, and reduce the volume and weight as much as possible while improving the accuracy of the laser gyroscope.

[0037] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9As shown, the annular optical path is a two-layer annular optical path, a three-layer annular optical path, or more layers; the optical paths of the multi-layer annular optical path are connected by a mirror 370 to form a closed annular optical path.

[0038] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, each layer of the annular optical path is preferably a regular polygon or a triangle.

[0039] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the shapes of each layer of the annular optical path are the same, and the sizes of each layer of the annular optical path are the same. Further, the distance d between adjacent two layers of the annular optical path is equal.

[0040] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the normal incidence angle and the exit angle of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path are symmetric; a mirror mounting surface is provided at the intersection of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path, and the mirror mounting surface is perpendicular to the normal 229 of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path.

[0041] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, each layer of the multi-layer annular optical path is an optical path plane formed by connecting multiple optical path edges, and the adjacent two optical path planes are parallel to each other. Further, the endpoints of the optical path edges on the same side of adjacent two optical path planes are connected by cross optical path edges, so as to form a closed annular optical path; specifically, as Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the cross optical path edges refer to the third optical path edge 223 and the seventh optical path edge 227.

[0042] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the length L of the optical path edge of the optical path plane of an adjacent layer of the annular optical path 1 is equal, and the length L of the connecting optical path edge of the adjacent layer 2 is equal (specifically, it can be understood that the lengths of the optical path edges on the optical path plane of the same layer of the annular optical path are all equal), whereby the distance between the optical path planes of adjacent two layers of the annular optical path is d; further, L 2 satisfies: Further, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the length L of the optical path edge 1 is preferably designed to be 70 mm, and the distance d between adjacent two optical path planes is preferably designed to be 22 mm. Such designed parameters enable the ring laser gyroscope to ensure better accuracy effects under a better volume.

[0043] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the optical path edges on the same side of adjacent two-layer optical path planes are completely coincident on the same plane, that is, the optical path edges on the same side of adjacent two-layer optical path planes are completely coincident. Specifically, reference can be made to: the second optical path edge 222 and the sixth optical path edge 226 are completely coincident on the same plane; the eighth optical path edge 228 and the fourth optical path edge 224 are completely coincident on the same plane. Further, the adjacent optical path edges are symmetric about their normal lines. For example, the intersecting optical path edge and the optical path edge it connects are symmetric about the normal line 229. Further, the mirror mounting surface is located in the vertical plane 230 of the normal line 229, and the mirror 370 is selected as a total reflection mirror. Since it is total reflection, under the coating technical conditions, the loss is extremely small.

[0044] Specifically, in a laser gyroscope, the frequency uncertainty of the operating laser is:

[0045]

[0046] where τ is the photon lifetime, and N p is the number of photons in the cavity. The relationship between the photon lifetime and the cavity loss Γ is:

[0047]

[0048] where L is the cavity length and c is the speed of light; the number of photons N p in the cavity can be expressed as:

[0049]

[0050] where P int is the power in the cavity and h is Planck's constant; therefore, it can be obtained that:

[0051]

[0052] As can be seen from Equation (4), by increasing the cavity length L and the power P int in the cavity, δν can be effectively reduced. For this reason, the quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope of the present invention adopts the method of spatially compounding to increase the cavity length to achieve the compression of quantum noise. It not only increases the cavity length, but also increases the power in the cavity through the expansion of the Gaussian beam. The schematic diagram of its closed optical path is as Figure 3 shown. The calculation of the optical path will be described below in combination with specific geometric dimensions.

[0053] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the multi-layer annular optical path is a double-layer quadrilateral folding optical path. This double-layer quadrilateral folding optical path includes a first-layer optical path plane and a second-layer optical path plane, and the first-layer optical path plane and the second-layer optical path plane are parallel to each other. Specifically, the first-layer optical path plane includes a first optical path side 221, a second optical path side 222, and an eighth optical path side 228, and the second-layer optical path plane includes a fourth optical path side 224, a fifth optical path side 225, and a sixth optical path side 226; among them, the first optical path side 221, the second optical path side 222, and the eighth optical path side 228 are located in the same plane (i.e., the first-layer optical path plane); the fourth optical path side 224, the fifth optical path side 225, and the sixth optical path side 226 are located in the same plane (i.e., the second-layer optical path plane). Specifically, the connection mode of the optical path is as follows: one end of the first optical path side 221 is connected to one end of the second optical path side 222, the other end of the first optical path side 221 is connected to one end of the eighth optical path side 228, one end of the fifth optical path side 225 is connected to one end of the fourth optical path side 224, the other end of the fifth optical path side 225 is connected to one end of the sixth optical path side 226, the other end of the eighth optical path side 228 is connected to the other end of the sixth optical path side 226 through a seventh optical path side 227, and the other end of the fourth optical path side 224 is connected to the other end of the second optical path side 222 through a third optical path side 223, presenting a square annular optical path.

[0054] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the first optical path side 221 and the fifth optical path side 225 completely coincide in the same plane, the second optical path side 222 and the sixth optical path side 226 completely coincide in the same plane, and the eighth optical path side 228 and the fourth optical path side 224 completely coincide in the same plane. Further, the included angles between the fourth optical path side 224 and the third optical path side 223 and the second optical path side 222 are both 90°; the included angles between the seventh optical path side 227 and the eighth optical path side 228 and the sixth optical path side 226 are both 90°. The normal line 229 of the fourth optical path side 224 and the third optical path side 223, and the fourth optical path side 224 and the third optical path side 223 are symmetric about the normal line 229. Therefore, the included angles between the normal line 229 and the fourth optical path side 224 and the third optical path side 223 are both 45°. Further, at the intersection of the fourth optical path side 224 and the third optical path side 223, a vertical plane 230 of the normal line 229 is made, which is also the installation position of the plane mirror. Similarly calculated, the mirror installation surfaces at the intersections of other optical paths can be obtained.

[0055] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the optical path edges on the same side of adjacent two optical path planes completely coincide on the same plane (specifically, the vertical plane in the vertical direction can be referred to); the intersection points of two adjacent optical path edges in each optical path plane are designed as semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surfaces. Specifically, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface includes a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface and a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface. A first output mirror 341 and a spherical mirror 350 are provided on the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface, and a second output mirror 342 and a spherical mirror 350 are provided on the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface for adjusting the optical path length; a DC photoelectric tube 343 is provided on the first output mirror 341 for outputting AC and DC light intensity signals; a combined light prism 344 is provided on the second output mirror 342, and an AC photoelectric tube 345 is assembled on the combined light prism 344. The AC photoelectric tube 345 detects the AC light intensity signal. The DC and AC light intensity signals are connected to the laser gyro control circuit and serve as part of the laser gyro control loop. The spherical mirror 350 and the cavity length adjustment mechanism composed of a chuck, etc. are mainly used to adjust the cavity length so that the laser gyro operates in the best working mode. The total cavity length of the quantum noise compression type laser gyro designed by the present invention is 566.76 mm, which is about twice that of the original. The increase in the cavity length reduces the frequency uncertainty (the frequency uncertainty in Equation 4 above can be referred to). This structure adds four reflectors 370. The added lenses will bring additional losses, but these four lenses are not used as outputs and are all total reflectors, so the losses are extremely small. The main loss sources of the quantum noise compression type laser gyro designed by the present invention are the aperture and the output mirror. The additional losses brought by the four total reflectors will not exceed 10% of the original, and the impact can be basically ignored.

[0056] For the quantum noise compression type laser gyro designed by the present invention, its structure not only brings an increase in the cavity length, but also increases the Gaussian beam spot radius and the intracavity power through the extension of the optical path. In the elliptical coordinate system, assuming that the semi-major axis of the Gaussian beam is a and the direction is along the x-axis direction, and the semi-minor axis is b and the direction is along the y-axis direction, the spot intensity distribution can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] where I 0 is the spatial power density at the center point of the elliptical beam.

[0059] Integrating the intensity distribution on the elliptical cross-section can obtain the intracavity power P int :

[0060]

[0061] It can be obtained from the Gaussian integral table that:

[0062]

[0063] Substituting into Equation (6), we can obtain:

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen from Equation (8) that when the central optical power density I 0 is constant, the larger the spot radius, the greater the power in the cavity, and the smaller the frequency uncertainty in Equation (4).

[0066] As Figure 4 respectively shows the distribution diagrams of the spot radii of the Gaussian beam in the cavity of the quantum noise enhanced laser gyro (the side length of the optical path is 70 mm and the double-layer optical path spacing is 22 mm) and the traditional laser gyro (the side length of the optical path is 70 mm). The two have the same side length. Figure 4 Points A, B, and C in Figure 2 correspond to Figure 3 points A, B, and C at the positions of the optical paths shown, and points B and C correspond to the positions of the spherical mirrors of the two types of gyros. Figure 5 shows the ratio of the spot radii of the overlapping part of the optical paths of the two types of gyros in the meridional plane and the sagittal plane. It can be seen from Figure 5 that for the quantum noise compressed laser gyro, regardless of whether it is in the meridional plane or the sagittal plane, the spot radius is about 1.2 times that of the traditional laser gyro at the corresponding position. Therefore, the power in the cavity corresponding to Equation (8) is about 1.44 times that of the original. It can be seen that the quantum noise compressed laser gyro not only increases the optical path length, but also increases the optical power in the cross-section through beam expansion, bringing double benefits. Therefore, the ultimate accuracy of the gyro can be improved.

[0067] As Figures 2 to 5 shown, compared with the traditional laser gyro with the existing single-layer ring-shaped optical path, the quantum noise compressed laser gyro proposed by the present invention can, with only a small increase in the thickness and weight of the laser gyro, double the optical path length. At the same time, the optical flux will also increase, thereby improving the ultimate accuracy of the laser gyro and expanding the application of the laser gyro in volume-limited scenarios.

[0068] In addition to the quantum noise compressed laser gyro with a quadrilateral double-layer folded optical path described in the above embodiments, for the quantum noise compressed laser gyro proposed by the present invention, the optical path can be a double-layer, triple-layer or multi-layer structure; the shape of the optical path of each layer can be a regular polygon or any polygon, such as a triangle; the shapes and sizes of the polygons of the optical paths of each layer can be the same or different; the distances between the layers of the multi-layer optical path can be equal or unequal; the optical path of the quantum compressed laser gyro of the present invention can also be any combination form of the above technical features, Figure 7 as shown in Figure 7 is a combination form of some of the above technical features, but the present invention is not limited to the

[0069] As shown in Figure 7 a, in addition to the double-layer optical path in the above embodiment, the optical path of the quantum compression type laser gyroscope of the present invention can also be an n-layer optical path. As shown in the figure, they are the first layer, the second layer, …, the nth layer respectively; each layer is a quadrilateral optical path, and the side lengths of the optical path of the ith layer are respectively represented by . They may be equal or unequal; the length of the optical path connection segment between the first layer and the second layer is represented by A 1 , the length of the optical path connection segment between the second layer and the third layer is represented by A 2 , and so on. The length of the optical path connection segment between the nth layer and the first layer is represented by An; the distance between the first layer and the second layer is represented by H 1 , the distance between the second layer and the third layer is represented by H 2 , and so on. The distances Hi (i = 1, 2, …, n) between each layer may be equal or unequal. As shown in Figure 7 b, the shapes of the optical paths of each layer of the quantum compression type laser gyroscope of the present invention may be the same or different. For example, the shape of the optical path of the nth layer in the figure is a triangle.

[0070] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6 , a dither wheel mounting hole is provided at the center position of the microcrystalline glass cavity 310; the mechanical dither wheel 360 is arranged in the dither wheel mounting hole; piezoelectric ceramics are mounted on the spokes of the mechanical dither wheel 360, and the mechanical dither wheel 360 is driven by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramics to drive the microcrystalline glass cavity 310 to vibrate back and forth to generate positive and negative alternating dither biases. As shown in Figure 6 , when only slightly increasing the thickness of the laser gyroscope, the optical path length is twice that of the single-layer circular optical path length of the traditional laser gyroscope.

[0071] Preferably, in combination with the above solution, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the laser gyroscope further includes a cathode 331 and an anode 332; the cathode 331 is arranged on one side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity 310 and is used to connect the negative high voltage end of the high voltage ignition circuit of the laser gyroscope; the anode 332 is arranged on the other side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity 310 and is used to connect the ground end of the high voltage ignition circuit of the laser gyroscope.

[0072] The quantum noise compression type laser gyroscope proposed by the present invention can, while only slightly increasing the thickness and weight of the laser gyroscope, double the optical path length and simultaneously increase the optical flux, thereby improving the ultimate accuracy of the laser gyroscope.

[0073] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, all changes, modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technology of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A quantum noise compression laser gyroscope, characterized in that: The laser gyroscope comprises a microcrystalline glass cavity (310), a cavity length adjustment mechanism (350), a machine shaking wheel (360), an output mirror and a reflector (370); a mirror mounting surface and a cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface are provided on the side of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310); the reflector (370) and the output mirror are respectively arranged on the mirror mounting surface; the cavity length adjustment mechanism (350) is arranged on the cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface; the microcrystalline glass cavity (310) is supported on the machine shaking wheel (360) through the shaking wheel mounting hole; the inner cavity of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310) is a resonant cavity, and a multi-layer annular optical path is formed in the resonant cavity; each layer of the multi-layer annular optical path is an optical path plane formed by connecting a plurality of optical paths. The optical path planes of two adjacent layers are parallel to each other, and the endpoints of the optical path edges on the same side of the optical path planes of two adjacent layers are connected by cross optical edges, thereby forming a closed annular optical path; the shape of each layer of the annular optical path is the same, and the size of each layer of the annular optical path is the same; the normal incident angle and the exit angle of the annular optical path of two adjacent layers are symmetrical; a mirror mounting surface is provided at the intersection of the annular optical paths of two adjacent layers, and the mirror mounting surface is perpendicular to the normal (229) of the annular optical paths of two adjacent layers; the distance d between the annular optical paths of two adjacent layers is equal; the length L1 of the optical path edge of the annular optical path plane of the same layer is equal; the length L2 of the optical path edge of the optical path plane of another adjacent layer is equal; the distance between the optical path planes of two adjacent layers is d; L2 satisfies:

2. The quantum noise compression laser gyro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer annular light path is a two-layer annular light path or a three-layer annular light path; the light paths of the multi-layer annular light path are connected through the reflector (370) to form a closed annular light path.

3. The quantum noise compression laser gyro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular light path of each layer is a regular polygon or a triangle.

4. The quantum noise compression laser gyro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector (370) is a plane reflector, and the output mirror is a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, and the output mirror comprises a first output mirror (341) and a second output mirror (342); the cavity length adjustment mechanism mounting surface is a spherical reflector mounting surface, and the mirror mounting surface and the spherical reflector mounting surface are respectively arranged at the intersection of two adjacent layers of the annular light paths, and the mirror mounting surface comprises a first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface and a second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface; the first output mirror (341) is arranged on the first semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface, and the second output mirror (342) is arranged on the second semi-transparent and semi-reflective mounting surface; a DC photoelectric tube (343) is arranged on the first output mirror (341), and a light-combining prism (344) and an AC photoelectric tube (345) are arranged on the second output mirror (342); the cavity length adjustment mechanism (350) comprises a spherical reflector, and the spherical reflector is arranged on the spherical reflector mounting surface, and is used to adjust the cavity length of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310).

5. The quantum noise compression laser gyro according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shaking wheel mounting hole is provided at the center of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310), and the mechanical shaking wheel (360) is arranged in the shaking wheel mounting hole; piezoelectric ceramics are mounted on the spokes of the mechanical shaking wheel (360), and the mechanical shaking wheel (360) is driven by the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramics to drive the microcrystalline glass cavity (310) to shake back and forth to generate a positive and negative alternating shaking bias frequency.

6. The quantum noise compression laser gyro according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser gyroscope further comprises a cathode (331) and an anode (332); the cathode (331) is arranged on one side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310) and is used to connect to the negative high voltage end of the high voltage ignition circuit of the laser gyroscope; the anode (332) is arranged on the other side surface of the microcrystalline glass cavity (310) and is used to connect to the ground end of the high voltage ignition circuit of the laser gyroscope.

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