Laminated glass pane with multiple reflective regions and wedge-shaped intermediate layer

Abstract

The invention relates to a laminated glass pane (1) for a projection device (100) having an HUD region (H), comprising:-an outer glass pane (2), a wedge-shaped thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and an inner glass pane (3),-a masking layer (5), and-a reflective layer (6), the reflective layer (6) being arranged between the outer glass pane (2) and the inner glass pane (3) and being located outside the HUD region (H) of the laminated glass pane (1), the reflective layer (6) being arranged between the outer glass pane (2) and the inner glass pane (3), in a plan view of the laminated pane (1), the reflective layer (6) is arranged closer to the inner pane (3) than the masking layer (5) and completely within the masking layer (5), the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) being wedge-shaped at least in the HUD region (H).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminated glass plate for a projection device, a production method thereof, a use thereof and a projection device having the laminated glass plate.

[0002] Modern cars are increasingly equipped with so-called head-up displays (HUD). Via a projector, which is usually located in the instrument panel area, the image is projected onto the HUD area of ​​the windshield, where it is reflected and perceived by the driver as a virtual image behind the windshield (as the driver sees it). Important information can thus be projected into the driver's field of vision, such as the current driving speed, navigation information or warnings, without the driver having to take his eyes off the road. Head-up displays can thus significantly increase traffic safety.

[0003] The problem with the above-mentioned head-up displays is that the virtual image is reflected on both surfaces of the windshield. As a result, the driver not only perceives the desired primary image, which is produced by the reflection on the inner surface of the windshield (primary reflection). The driver also perceives a slightly offset secondary image, which is usually less intense and is produced by the reflection on the outer surface of the windshield (secondary reflection). The latter is also often referred to as a ghost image. This problem is usually solved by arranging the reflective surfaces at a specifically selected angle to each other so that the primary image and the ghost image overlap, whereby the ghost image no longer has a disruptive effect.

[0004] Windshields usually consist of two glass panes laminated to one another via a thermoplastic film. If the surfaces of the glass panes are to be arranged at the angle, a thermoplastic film of non-constant thickness is usually used. This is also referred to as a wedge film or wedge film. The angle between the two surfaces of the film is referred to as the wedge angle. The wedge angle can remain constant over the entire film (linear thickness variation) or vary depending on the position (non-linear thickness variation). Laminated glass with a wedge film is known, for example, from WO 2009 / 071135 A1, EP 1 800 855 B1, WO 2021 213884 A1 or EP 1 880 243 A2.

[0005] In addition to the transparent see-through area, the windshield usually has an opaque masking area with an opaque layer through which it is not possible to see. The masking area is usually arranged in the peripheral edge area of ​​the windshield and adjoins the see-through area. The opaque masking area serves primarily to protect the adhesive used to bond the windshield to the vehicle body from UV radiation. The masking area is usually formed by a black cover print on the surface of the outer glass pane facing the intermediate layer.

[0006] Virtual images can be generated even in masked areas. Therefore, masked areas are also irradiated by the projector and reflect light there, thus generating a display for the driver. Thus, for example, information that has previously been displayed in the instrument panel area, such as the time, driving speed, engine speed or navigation system information, or the image of a rear-view camera instead of a conventional exterior mirror or rearview mirror, can be displayed directly on the windshield in a practical and aesthetic way - for example, in a section of the masked area adjacent to the lower edge of the windshield. Projection devices of this type are known, for example, from DE 10 2009 020 824 A1 and WO 202 2073 894 A1. Compared to the case of HUD reflections, the uniform reflection of light in the masked area places additional demands on the structure of the laminated glass pane.

[0007] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved projection device using a laminated glass pane that can be used as a component of a conventional HUD projection device or a projection device with masked areas, wherein both types of projection devices can achieve uniform reflection.

[0008] This object is achieved according to the invention by a laminated glass pane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments result from the dependent claims.

[0009] The invention relates to a laminated glass pane for a projection device having a HUD region (Head-Up Display region). The laminated glass pane comprises an outer glass pane, an inner glass pane and a thermoplastic interlayer, which is arranged between the inner glass pane and the outer glass pane and is wedge-shaped at least in certain regions. The thermoplastic interlayer preferably extends over the entire area of ​​the laminated glass pane, i.e. is arranged flat between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane. The thermoplastic interlayer is wedge-shaped at least in the HUD region of the laminated glass pane. Therefore, the thermoplastic interlayer is wedge-shaped at least in the region where the thermoplastic interlayer and the HUD region overlap each other when viewed through the laminated glass pane.

[0010] In addition, the laminated glass panel according to the present invention includes a masking layer and a reflective layer. The reflective layer is arranged between the outer glass panel and the inner glass panel and is located outside the HUD area of ​​the laminated glass panel. "Outside the HUD area" means that the reflective layer does not overlap with the HUD area when viewed through the laminated glass. The reflective layer is arranged closer to the inner glass panel than the masking layer and, in a plan view of the laminated glass panel as viewed from the inner glass panel, is completely arranged within the masking layer. In other words, when viewed through the laminated glass panel, the reflective layer is completely covered by the masking layer as viewed from the outer glass panel. When viewed through the laminated glass, "viewing from the outer glass" means viewing in the direction from the outer glass panel to the inner glass panel. When viewed through the laminated glass panel, "viewing from the inner glass panel" means viewing in the direction from the inner glass panel to the outer glass panel.

[0011] The fact that the reflective layer is arranged closer to the inner pane than the masking layer means in the sense of the invention that, when looking through the laminated glass pane, the masking layer is arranged behind the reflective layer as seen from the inner pane. Thus, the reflective layer is arranged on the inner side of the glass pane, in front of the masking layer.

[0012] Within the meaning of the present invention, when observing through the laminated glazing panel in the manner of looking from the outer pane, the reflective layer is completely covered by the masking layer, which means, conversely, that when observing through the laminated glazing panel in the direction from the inner pane to the outer pane, the reflective layer is arranged completely in front of the masking layer. Thus, the masking layer can be arranged congruently with the reflective layer or extend over the area of ​​the laminated glazing panel beyond the area of ​​the reflective layer. Looking in the direction from the inner pane to the outer pane or from the outer pane to the inner pane means a viewing direction arranged perpendicular to the main area of ​​the laminated glazing panel. Within the meaning of the present invention, "element A is completely covered by element B" means that the orthogonal projection of element A onto the plane of element B is arranged completely within element B.

[0013] The HUD (Head Up Display) area of ​​a laminated glass pane is an area of ​​the laminated glass pane that is provided to be irradiated by a projector in a projection device, so that a Head Up Display image can be displayed in the HUD area. The HUD area is therefore arranged in a transparent area of ​​the laminated glass pane, the light transmittance of which (according to ISO 9050:2003) is preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 70%. If the laminated glass pane is a windshield in a car, the HUD area is the area through which an observer (e.g. the driver) can observe the road. It should be understood that according to the invention, the HUD area does not overlap with the masking layer when viewed through the laminated glass pane.

[0014] The outer glass pane has an outer surface facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer, which outer surface is also the outer region of the laminated glass pane. The outer glass pane also has an inner surface facing the thermoplastic interlayer. The inner glass pane has an inner surface facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer. The inner surface of the inner glass pane is also the inner surface of the laminated glass pane. The inner glass pane also has an outer surface facing the thermoplastic interlayer. The laminated glass pane is provided for separating the external environment from the interior, preferably the vehicle interior. Here, the outer surface of the outer glass pane is provided to face the external environment, while the inner surface of the inner glass pane is provided to face the interior.

[0015] The laminated glass pane has a peripheral edge, which particularly preferably comprises an upper edge and a lower edge and two side edges extending between them, i.e. a left edge and a right edge. The edge provided so as to point upwards in the installed position is referred to as the upper edge. The edge provided so as to point downwards in the installed position is referred to as the lower edge. The upper edge is also often referred to as the roof edge and the lower edge as the motor edge. The laminated glass pane can have any suitable geometry and / or curvature. The information "left" and "right" refers to lateral indications or directional indications for an observer looking from the inside at the installed laminated glass pane according to the invention.

[0016] The masking layer can be an opaque enamel or an opaque thermoplastic film. The masking layer can also be a thermoplastic film, which is opaque in certain areas and is therefore a component of a thermoplastic interlayer. The masking layer is particularly a dark, preferably black enamel, which is applied to the outer glass plate. The masking layer is preferably applied to the inner surface of the outer glass plate. The masking layer is preferably a peripheral (frame-shaped) layer, which extends along the peripheral edge of the laminated glass plate and can be widened in the area of ​​the reflective layer. The masking layer mainly serves to provide UV protection for the structural adhesive of the laminated glass plate (for example, for bonding to a vehicle). The transmittance of the masking layer for visible light (according to ISO 9050:2003) is preferably less than 15%, preferably less than 10%, and particularly preferably less than 1%. The masking layer can also be designed to be translucent, at least in certain sections, translucent - for example, in the form of a dot matrix, a strip matrix or a square matrix. Alternatively, the masking layer can also have a gradient - for example, from an opaque cover to a translucent cover. "Width" within the meaning of the present invention refers to the length perpendicular to the direction of extension.

[0017] The laminated glazing may also have a plurality of, preferably two, masking layers, wherein preferably a first masking layer is applied to the inner surface of the outer glazing and a second masking layer is applied to the inner surface of the inner glazing. If two or more masking layers are part of a laminated glazing, a "masking layer" according to the invention preferably refers to only one of the plurality of masking layers.

[0018] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the masking layer is arranged in a frame-like manner in the peripheral edge region of the laminated glass pane and widens in a section of the peripheral region adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass pane. The width of the masking layer is preferably 10 cm or more, particularly preferably 20 cm or more, in particular 30 cm or more in the widened region. This embodiment is particularly suitable for use in vehicles, where the projection device can be used as a substitute for a display installed in the instrument panel. Alternatively, the masking layer can be applied in the lower edge region of the laminated glass pane adjacent to the lower edge and / or in the upper edge region of the laminated glass pane adjacent to the upper edge.

[0019] Preferably, the reflective layer is applied on the inner surface of the outer glass pane or on the outer surface of the inner glass pane. If the masking layer is applied on the inner surface of the outer glass pane, the reflective layer is preferably applied on the masking layer or on the outer surface of the inner glass pane.

[0020] The reflective layer can also be designed as a reflective film and arranged in a thermoplastic interlayer. In the meaning of the present invention, "in a thermoplastic interlayer" means that the reflective layer is completely surrounded by the thermoplastic layer. The reflective layer can, for example, be arranged between two thermoplastic films before the lamination process, wherein the thermoplastic films are fused to form a thermoplastic interlayer during the lamination process. Alternatively, the reflective layer can be pressed into the thermoplastic interlayer by heat (preferably at 20° C. to 150° C.) and pressure. In the thermoplastic interlayer, the reflective layer is particularly advantageously protected from external damage or corrosion. Alternatively, the reflective layer can also be applied to the inner glass pane, the masking layer or the outer glass pane as a reflective film via an adhesive layer.

[0021] The light transmittance of the adhesive layer (which can also be referred to as the adhesive layer) is preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 70%, in particular when it is arranged between the reflective layer and the inner glass pane. The adhesive layer is preferably based on polyurethane, polyacrylate compounds (such as polyacrylates or polymethacrylates), PVB, EVA or silicone, particularly preferably on polyurethane, polyacrylate compounds (such as polyacrylates or polymethacrylates) or silicone. Alternatively, the adhesive layer is based on a mixture of these materials. These materials allow the further glass pane to be applied uniformly to the inner or outer glass pane. Thus, large local differences in the thickness of the adhesive layer between the further glass pane and the inner or outer glass pane, which differences could otherwise impair the aesthetics of the laminated glass pane, can be avoided.

[0022] The reflective layer preferably reflects at least 40%, particularly preferably at least 70%, of the visible light. Within the meaning of the present invention, "reflection" means that the reflective layer reflects the visible light impinging on it. Within the meaning of the present invention, reflection within a certain percentage range refers to the average reflectivity at a defined angle of incidence of 65° to the inner surface normal. The reflective layer is provided to reflect the image projected by the projector onto the reflective layer. The reflective layer can be transparent, but is preferably opaque.

[0023] The reflective layer is suitably designed to reflect visible light in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm. The reflective layer preferably reflects p-polarized light and s-polarized light in equal proportions, but may also reflect p-polarized light and s-polarized light to different degrees. The reflective layer preferably has a high and uniform reflectivity (through different irradiation angles) for p-polarized and / or s-polarized radiation, thereby ensuring a strong and color-neutral image presentation. When reflecting p-polarized light, fewer ghost images appear, thereby achieving an improved visual quality of the reflected light (e.g., a virtual image). By mixing s-polarized light, the reflectivity can be increased.

[0024] The reflectivity is measured at an angle of incidence of 65° to the inner surface normal (surface normal on the inner surface of the inner glass pane), which corresponds approximately to the irradiation of a conventional HUD projector. The spectral range from 380nm to 680nm is used to characterize the reflective properties, since the visual impression of the observer is primarily influenced by this spectral range. In addition, it also covers the wavelengths that are relevant for HUD presentation (RGB: 473nm, 550nm, 630nm).

[0025] Reflectivity describes the part of the total emitted radiation that is reflected. It is expressed in % (based on 100% emitted radiation) or as a unitless number from 0 to 1 (normalized to the emitted radiation). When plotted as a function of wavelength, it forms a reflection spectrum. In the context of the present invention, statements about the reflectivity (or percentage of reflection) relative to p-polarized, unpolarized or s-polarized radiation refer to the reflectivity measured at an angle of incidence of 65° to the normal to the inside surface. The information on the reflectivity or reflection spectrum relates to reflection measurements made using a light source that radiates uniformly with a normalized radiation intensity of 100% over the observed spectral range.

[0026] The reflective layer preferably extends over a maximum of 50%, particularly preferably a maximum of 40%, in particular a maximum of 20% of the area of ​​the laminated glass sheet. Particularly preferably, the reflective layer is arranged in an upper edge region of the laminated glass sheet adjacent to the upper edge of the laminated glass sheet and / or in a lower edge region of the laminated glass sheet adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass sheet, wherein preferably, the uncoated edge region is located between the reflective layer and the upper edge and / or the lower edge. Alternatively, the reflective layer can also be arranged additionally or exclusively in a side edge region adjacent to one or both side edges of the laminated glass sheet, wherein in this case, the uncoated edge region is also preferably located between the reflective layer and the side edge (left edge and / or right edge). The width of the uncoated edge region is preferably less than 20 cm, particularly preferably less than 10 cm, in particular less than 1 cm. The reflective layer preferably extends in a strip shape from one (left) side edge to the other (right) side edge, and is particularly adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass sheet. The width of the reflective layer is preferably at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 20 cm, in particular at least 30 cm. Arranging the reflective layer in the edge region adjacent to the lower edge, the left edge, the right edge and / or the upper edge is advantageous, in particular when the laminated glass pane is designed in the form of a vehicle glass pane, in particular a windshield, since the region of the laminated glass pane which is provided for see-through is therefore free of the reflective layer.

[0027] The reflective layer preferably contains at least one metal selected from aluminum, magnesium, tin, indium, titanium, tantalum, niobium, nickel, copper, chromium, cobalt, iron, manganese, zirconium, cerium, scandium, yttrium, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, ruthenium or a mixture thereof. Alternatively or additionally, the reflective layer comprises an oxide, carbide, silicon compound and / or nitride selected from boron-doped silicon, silicon-zirconium mixed nitride, silicon nitride, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, silicon zirconium aluminum or a mixture thereof. Aluminum, titanium, nickel-chromium and / or nickel are preferably applied to the inner glass plate or thin glass plate because they have a high reflectivity for p-polarized light or s-polarized light. Therefore, they are particularly suitable as a component of a projection device. The thickness of the reflective layer is preferably 10 nm (nanometer) to 100 μm (micrometer), particularly preferably 50 nm to 50 μm, in particular 100 nm to 5 μm.

[0028] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflective layer is a coating containing a thin film stack, i.e. a layer sequence of thin individual layers. The thin film stack contains one or more conductive layers based on nickel, nickel-chromium, titanium and / or aluminum. The conductive layers based on nickel, nickel-chromium, titanium and / or aluminum impart the basic reflective properties as well as the IR reflective effect and conductivity to the reflective layer. The conductive layer is based on nickel, nickel-chromium, titanium and / or aluminum. The conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of nickel, titanium and / or aluminum, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of aluminum, and very particularly preferably at least 99.9% by weight of nickel, titanium and / or aluminum. The layers based on aluminum, nickel-chromium, nickel and / or titanium may have doping, such as palladium, gold, copper or silver. Materials based on aluminum, nickel, nickel-chromium and / or titanium are particularly suitable for reflecting light, and particularly preferably reflect p-polarized light. Using nickel, nickel-chromium, titanium and / or aluminum in the reflective layer has proven to be particularly advantageous for the reflection of light. Compared with many other metals such as gold or silver, aluminum, nickel, nickel-chromium and / or titanium are significantly cheaper. Furthermore, these metals have high chemical and thermomechanical resistance. The thickness of the individual layers of the thin-film stack is preferably from 10 nm to 1 μm. The thin-film stack preferably has 2 to 20 individual layers and in particular 5 to 10 individual layers.

[0029] In a very particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflective layer is a metal-free reflective film and reflects visible light, preferably mainly p-polarized light. The reflective layer is then preferably a film that acts based on a synergistic prism and a reflective polarizer. The reflective layer preferably has a carrier film based on polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene terephthalate. The synergistic prism and the reflective polarizer are applied to the carrier film. Such films for the reflective layer are commercially available, for example from 3M. In this way, complex metal deposition can be avoided. The reflective layer is preferably arranged as a reflective film in a thermoplastic intermediate layer.

[0030] In another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the reflective layer contains

[0031] ● A dielectric layer stack containing a TiO2 layer and a SiO2 layer,

[0032] ● A dielectric layer stack containing a SiZrN layer and a SiO2 layer,

[0033] A layer stack containing a Si:B layer or a SiZrAl layer,

[0034] ● A layer stack containing a Si layer and a SiO2 layer,

[0035] ● a layer stack containing a Si layer and a Si3N4 layer, or

[0036] Carbide layer stack containing TiC layer and / or ZrC layer

[0037] Or consist of one or more such layer stacks. The described layer stack has suitable reflection properties in order to achieve a uniform image as part of a projection device. Preferably, the layer stack is applied to a polymer film (e.g. based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET)).

[0038] The above-mentioned desired reflection properties of the reflective layer are achieved in particular by the choice of material and thickness as well as the structure of the individual layers or layer sequences. Thus, the reflective layer can be suitably adjusted.

[0039] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the laminated glass pane also has a preferably transparent heatable functional layer. The heatable functional layer is preferably applied to the outer glass pane or the inner glass pane, in particular to the outer surface of the inner glass pane or to the inner surface of the outer glass pane.

[0040] The heatable functional layer preferably extends over more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, particularly preferably more than 90% of the area of ​​the laminated glass panel. The heatable functional layer preferably extends at least over the entire area provided for viewing through the laminated glass panel. This refers to the area that can be viewed through it and is transparent in the finished laminated glass panel and optionally in the installed state (for example, the laminated glass panel is installed in a vehicle). In particular, the heatable functional layer extends over the entire area of ​​the laminated glass panel minus the peripheral frame-shaped edge area (adjacent to the peripheral edge of the laminated glass panel). The uncoated peripheral frame-shaped edge area serves to better separate the functional layer from the external environment. The heatable functional layer is thereby better protected from corrosion or mechanical damage. The width of the uncoated edge area is preferably less than 20 cm, particularly preferably less than 10 cm, in particular less than 1 cm.

[0041] The transmittance of the heatable functional layer for light in the visible spectral range (according to ISO 9050:2003) is preferably at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, particularly preferably at least 70%. In addition, the transmittance of the heatable functional layer for light in the visible spectral range (according to ISO 9050:2003) is 90% or less, preferably 80% or less, particularly preferably exactly 70%.

[0042] "Opaque" within the meaning of the present invention means a light transmittance (according to ISO 9050:2003) of less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, particularly preferably less than 5%, and in particular less than 0.1%. "Transparent" within the meaning of the present invention means a light transmittance (according to ISO 9050:2003) of at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, and particularly preferably at least 70%.

[0043] The heatable functional layer is preferably designed to be suitable for absorbing and / or reflecting infrared light. This achieves the technical advantage of reducing the ingress of infrared light, thereby increasing the thermal insulation effect of the laminated glass pane.

[0044] The heatable functional layer usually contains one or more (e.g., two, three or four) functional layers. The functional layer preferably contains at least one metal, such as silver, gold, copper, nickel and / or chromium, or a metal alloy. The functional layer particularly preferably contains at least 90% by weight of metal, and in particular at least 99.9% by weight of metal. The functional layer can consist of a metal or a metal alloy.

[0045] In another advantageous embodiment of the laminated glass sheet, the heatable functional layer comprises at least one silver layer and preferably comprises a plurality of silver layers. Such a silver layer has particularly advantageous electrical conductivity and high transmittance in the visible spectrum range at the same time. The thickness of the silver layer is preferably 5nm to 50nm, particularly preferably 8nm to 25nm. In this thickness range of the silver layer, advantageous high transmittance and particularly advantageous electrical conductivity in the visible spectrum range are achieved. Preferably, in each case, at least one dielectric layer is arranged between two adjacent silver layers of the coating. Preferably, another dielectric layer is arranged below the first silver layer and / or above the last silver layer. The dielectric layer contains at least one individual layer made of a dielectric material-for example, containing a nitride (such as silicon nitride) or an oxide (such as aluminum oxide). However, the dielectric layer can also include a plurality of individual layers, for example, individual layers of dielectric materials, smoothing layers, matching layers, barrier layers and / or anti-reflection layers. The thickness of the dielectric layer is, for example, 10nm to 200nm. For example, this achieves the technical advantage of being able to effectively block infrared light. When the heatable functional layer comprises at least two silver layers, particularly preferably three silver layers, and in particular exactly three silver layers, the blocking of infrared light can be achieved particularly well. The heatable functional layer can also alternatively contain indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2:F) or aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) or consist thereof.

[0046] The geometric layer thickness of the heatable functional layer is preferably at most 200 nm, particularly preferably at most 100 nm, very particularly preferably at most 15 nm. Thus, a favorable reflectivity can be achieved in the IR range without reducing the transmittance too much. The geometric layer thickness of the silver layer is preferably at least 6 nm, particularly preferably at least 8 nm. Thinner silver layers can lead to dewetting of the layer structure. Particularly preferably, the geometric layer thickness of the silver layer is 10 nm to 14 nm, in particular 11 nm to 13 nm.

[0047] If thin layers, i.e. layers with a thickness below 1000 nm, are mentioned, the following applies: If something is "based on" a certain material, it consists predominantly of this material, in particular essentially of this material, apart from any impurities or doping. Specifications for layer thickness or thickness refer to the geometric thickness of the layer, unless otherwise stated.

[0048] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heatable functional layer is electrically contacted by at least two busbars, so that when a DC voltage is applied, an electrical heating current flows through the heatable functional layer taking into account the resistance between the busbars. The busbars are preferably arranged in opposite edge regions of the heatable functional layer.

[0049] It is also possible to make more than two busbars in electrical contact with the heatable functional layer. Particularly preferably, three busbars are in electrical contact with the heatable functional layer, wherein the busbars are arranged flat on the heatable functional layer so as to be spaced apart from one another. The busbars are arranged in such a way that a heating area is formed between every two busbars, wherein the heatable functional layer has a total of two heating areas. The heating area can, for example, extend over an area of ​​the laminated glass sheet that is provided as a perspective, wherein another heating area is arranged in the area of ​​the reflective layer. In this way, the perspective area and the reflective layer area can be heated independently of one another. In addition, since the electrical resistance also increases with increasing distance between the busbars, less energy is consumed.

[0050] In principle, the reflective layer and the optional heatable functional layer can come from physical or chemical vapor deposition, i.e. PVD or CVD coating (PVD: physical vapor deposition, CVD: chemical vapor deposition), or can be applied, for example, by a sol-gel process. Such coatings can produce particularly high visual quality and particularly low thickness. If the reflective layer and the optional heatable functional layer are a layer stack, the individual layers of the layer stack are applied successively (i.e. one after another). Applying layers using a sol-gel process is known to those skilled in the art and can be obtained, for example, from WO2021209201A1.

[0051] The PVD coating can be a coating applied by cathode sputtering (sputtering), in particular by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering (magnetron sputtering). Preferably, the reflective layer and the optionally present heatable functional layer are applied by magnetron sputtering. By magnetron sputtering, uniform layers of a few nanometers thickness can be effectively generated.

[0052] If the reflective layer and the optionally present heatable functional layer are applied by chemical vapor deposition, this is preferably done by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD); in particular, this production method is carried out at atmospheric pressure (APCVD). Compared to many other methods, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition has the advantage of a high application speed and a high uniformity of the layer. In particular, this production method allows the silicon oxide to be applied uniformly and efficiently to the substrate.

[0053] The reflective layer is preferably applied by physical vapor deposition (PVD) onto the film or onto the outer surface of the inner glass pane, particularly preferably by cathode sputtering, very particularly preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering ("magnetron sputtering"). The reflective layer is preferably applied before lamination.

[0054] The outer pane and the inner pane are preferably made of transparent glass, in particular soda-lime glass, which is usually used for window glazing. In principle, however, the panes can also be made of other types of glass, such as borosilicate glass, quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass, or transparent plastic, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate. The thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary greatly. Preferably, panes with a thickness in the range of 0.8 mm to 5 mm, preferably 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm, are used, for example panes with a standard thickness of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm. The outer pane and the inner pane can be unprestressed, partially prestressed or prestressed independently of one another. If at least one of the panes is to be prestressed, thermal prestressing or chemical prestressing can be used.

[0055] The outer pane, the inner pane and the laminated pane may have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the inner pane and the outer pane do not have any shadow areas, so that they can be effectively coated by cathode sputtering. The inner pane and the outer pane and the laminated pane are preferably flat or slightly or strongly curved in one or more spatial directions.

[0056] The at least partially wedge-shaped thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably formed as at least one thermoplastic composite film and is based on ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and further additives known to those skilled in the art, such as plasticizers. The thermoplastic film preferably contains at least one plasticizer.

[0057] At least part of the thermoplastic interlayer can be formed by a single film which is wedge-shaped at least in certain areas, or it can also be formed by more than one film, wherein at least one of the films is wedge-shaped at least in certain areas. The thermoplastic interlayer can be formed by one or more thermoplastic films arranged in a stack, wherein the thickness of the thermoplastic interlayer after lamination of the layer stack is preferably 0.25 mm to 1 mm, typically 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm. The thermoplastic interlayer can also be formed by a film which is tinted in certain areas and is therefore not transparent. The masking layer can also be a component of the thermoplastic interlayer. The interlayer can also be formed by more than one film, and at least two films can extend over different areas of the laminated glazing panel area. In the case of a wedge-shaped interlayer, the thickness is determined at the thinnest point, typically at the lower edge of the laminated glazing panel.

[0058] The thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a functional thermoplastic film, in particular a film with acoustic damping properties, a film reflecting infrared radiation, a film absorbing infrared radiation and / or a film absorbing UV radiation. For example, the thermoplastic intermediate layer can also be a bandpass filter film.

[0059] If something is formed "based on" a polymer material, it consists mainly (that is to say at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, and in particular at least 70%) of this material. It may therefore also contain other materials, such as stabilizers or plasticizers.

[0060] Due to the at least partially wedge-shaped thermoplastic interlayer, the laminated glass pane is designed in such a way that ghost images can be largely avoided when images are projected onto the reflective layer or HUD area. By means of the wedge film, the HUD images generated due to reflections on the outer surfaces of the inner glass pane and the outer glass pane can be superimposed or approached to each other, so that layer ghost images are avoided or at least reduced. The laminated glass pane preferably has an antireflection coating, which is applied to the inner surface of the inner glass pane. It can be said that the antireflection coating suppresses reflections on the inner surface so that the projection of the image is significantly reflected only on the outer surface. The antireflection coating preferably extends at least over the HUD area of ​​the laminated glass pane, particularly preferably over at least 50% of the area of ​​the laminated glass pane, and in particular over the entire area of ​​the laminated glass pane.

[0061] Within the meaning of the present invention, a "wedge-shaped or partially wedge-shaped thermoplastic intermediate layer" means that the thermoplastic layer has a wedge-shaped shape in a certain area or completely in a cross-sectional view. The thermoplastic layer does not have a constant layer thickness here, but a variable layer thickness, being thicker at the first end and thinner at the second end. The angle between the two surfaces in the wedge-shaped region of the intermediate layer is called the wedge angle. If the wedge angle is not constant, a tangent to the surface should be used for the measurement at one point.

[0062] The intermediate layer is wedge-shaped or wedge-like at least in the HUD area. The wedge angle can have a constant vertical curve, which results in a linear variation of the thickness of the intermediate layer, wherein the thickness generally increases from bottom to top. The directional marking "from bottom to top" indicates the direction from the lower edge to the upper edge, i.e. a vertical curve. However, more complex thickness profiles are also possible, wherein the wedge angle is variable from bottom to top (i.e. the vertical curve is position-dependent), linear or non-linear.

[0063] In addition to wedged films in the intermediate layer, it is in principle also possible to use wedged outer glass panes so that the reflecting surfaces are at an angle to one another.

[0064] The wedge angle is suitably selected so that the projected image caused by the reflection on the outer surface of the inner glass pane on the one hand is superimposed with the projected image caused by the reflection on the outer surface of the outer glass pane on the other hand, or at least the distance between them is reduced. In the case of parallel reflecting surfaces, the image (produced by the reflection on the outer surface of the outer glass pane) and the ghost image (produced by the reflection on the outer surface of the inner glass pane) would appear offset from each other, which would be disturbing to the observer. Due to the presence of the wedge angle, the ghost image is substantially superimposed on the image in space, so that the observer perceives only a single image or the distance between the image and the ghost image is at least reduced. Typical wedge angles are in the range of 0.3 mrad to 0.7 mrad, in particular 0.4 mrad to 0.5 mrad. Wedge films with smaller wedge angles can be produced more easily and cost-effectively. If the wedge angle is not constant, i.e. variable, over the wedge-shaped area of ​​the thermoplastic interlayer, it can have different wedge angles depending on the position, but these wedge angles are all within the indicated range. Therefore, the indicated upper and lower values ​​are to be understood as limit values. In other words: the variable wedge angle differs depending on the position, but at no point is it higher or lower than the indicated range.

[0065] The thermoplastic interlayer is wedge-shaped at least in the HUD region, so that visible light from the projector can be reflected without or substantially without generating ghost images.

[0066] The laminated glass pane can be a component of a projection device, wherein the HUD region of the laminated glass pane can be irradiated by a projector and the reflective layer can be irradiated by a further projector. The projector and the further projector preferably project a virtual image onto the reflective layer and the HUD region, respectively. Due to the different reflection properties, a uniform image can be achieved both within the HUD region on the outer surface of the outer glass pane and outside the HUD region on the reflective layer. This is a major advantage of the invention. If the HUD region is irradiated by a projector, the visible light (radiation) of the projector that impinges on the HUD region is preferably reflected by up to 30%, particularly preferably by up to 20%, in particular by up to 15%.

[0067] Another aspect of the invention relates to a projection device comprising a laminated glass pane according to the invention, a projector which projects an image in the form of visible radiation (visible light) onto a HUD region of the laminated glass pane, preferably above an inner glass pane, and a further projector which projects an image in the form of visible radiation (visible light) onto a reflective layer (preferably on the inner glass pane). In other words: the respective projector irradiates the HUD region or the reflective layer with visible light, wherein the reflective layer as well as the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane at least partially reflect the visible light. The projector and the further projector preferably face the inner side surface of the inner glass pane. If the laminated glass pane is in the installed state (e.g. as a windshield in a vehicle), the projector and the further projector irradiate the reflective layer or the HUD region from the inside (inside the vehicle).

[0068] The radiation from the projector and the further projector independently of each other preferably has a p-polarized portion of >0%. In principle, the p-polarized portion can also be 100%, i.e. the projector emits pure p-polarized radiation. However, it is advantageous for the overall intensity of the HUD image if the radiation from the projector has both s-polarized and p-polarized proportions. In this case, the p-polarized radiation portion is effectively reflected by the reflective layer, while the s-polarized radiation portion is reflected by the surface of the glass plate. The ratio of the p-polarized radiation portion to the s-polarized radiation portion can be freely selected according to the requirements in the individual case. The proportion of p-polarized radiation in the total radiation from the projector and / or the further projector is, for example, 10% to 100%, preferably 10% to 90%. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the proportion of p-polarized radiation from the projector and / or from the further projector is at least 50%, i.e. 50% to 90%, preferably 60% to 80%, with the result that it is particularly ensured that a driver wearing polarization selective sunglasses can perceive a strong image. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the radiation from the other projector is substantially purely p-polarized-the p-polarized radiation portion is therefore 100% or deviates only insignificantly therefrom. As a result, the occurrence of ghost images is largely avoided.

[0069] The indication of polarization direction refers to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the laminated glazing. P-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence. S-polarized radiation is radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence. The plane of incidence consists of the incidence vector and the normal to the surface of the laminated glazing in the geometrical center of the irradiated area.

[0070] If the projection device is a component of a vehicle, the projector and the further projector are preferably arranged in the dashboard of the vehicle. Thereby, the image projected by the further projector onto the reflective layer and the image projected by the projector onto the HUD area of ​​the laminated glass pane are reflected into the vehicle interior, for example into the field of vision of the occupant. Since the reflective layer is arranged in front of the masking layer, the image projected onto the reflective layer can be visually perceived with high contrast. As a result, a projector that requires less energy can be used. Compared with a projector of a conventional head-up display, the energy required by the projector can be reduced by up to 80%.

[0071] The projector and / or the further projector is preferably a liquid crystal (LCD) display, a thin film transistor (TFT) display, a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, an electroluminescent (ELD) display or a micro LED display.

[0072] As in the case of HUDs and projection devices based on similar technologies, the projector and the further projector irradiate the corresponding reflective layer or HUD area of ​​the laminated glass sheet, in particular, with p-polarized radiation in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm. This means that the reflective layer or the projection area of ​​the laminated glass sheet is irradiated by the further projector or projector. The p-polarized radiation and / or the s-polarized radiation are reflected in the region of the projection area in the direction of the observer, thereby generating a virtual image, which the observer perceives as being behind the laminated glass sheet when observing from his perspective (in the case of a HUD). The beam direction of the projector and / or the further projector can usually be changed by mirrors, in particular in the vertical direction, to adapt the projection to the body shape of the observer. The area in which the observer's eyes must be located at a given mirror position is called the eyebox window. The eyebox window can be moved vertically by adjusting the mirror, where the entire area accessible thereby (i.e., the superposition of all possible eyebox windows) is called the eyebox. An observer located within the eyebox can perceive the virtual image. Of course, this means that the observer's eyes must be located within the eyebox, and not, for example, the entire body.

[0073] The technical terms in the field of HUD used here are generally known to those skilled in the art. For a detailed description, reference may be made to the paper entitled "Simulation-based measurement technology for testing head-up displays" by Alexander Neumann of the School of Information at the Technical University of Munich (Munich: University library of TU Munich, 2012), in particular Chapter 2 "The Head-Up Display".

[0074] The embodiments and preferred embodiments described above in connection with the laminated glass pane or the projection device apply equally to the method.The embodiments and preferred embodiments described below in connection with the method according to the invention apply equally to the laminated glass pane and the projection device.

[0075] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a laminated glass panel according to the invention. The method steps preferably comprise the following method steps in the order shown:

[0076] (A) providing a layer stack made of an outer glass pane, a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4), a masking layer and an inner glass pane,

[0077] (B) arranging a reflective layer between the outer glass pane and the inner glass pane, preferably within a thermoplastic interlayer, and

[0078] (C) Laminating the layer stack to form a laminated glass sheet.

[0079] The lamination of the layer stack is carried out under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure, wherein the individual layers are bonded (laminated) by at least one thermoplastic film. Laminated glass sheets can be produced using methods known per se. For example, the so-called autoclave process can be carried out at an elevated pressure of about 10 bar to 15 bar and a temperature of 130° C. to 145° C. for about 2 hours. The vacuum bag or vacuum ring methods known per se operate, for example, at about 200 mbar and 130° C. to 145° C. The layer stack can also be pressed between at least one pair of rollers with a calender to form a laminated glass sheet. Systems of this type for the manufacture of laminated glass sheets are known and usually have at least one heating channel upstream of the pressing unit. For example, the temperature during the pressing process is 40° C. to 150° C. In practice, the combination of the calender and autoclave methods has proven to be particularly successful. Alternatively, a vacuum laminator can also be used. They consist of one or more heatable and evacuable chambers in which outer and inner glass panes can be laminated at a reduced pressure of 0.01 mbar to 800 mbar and a temperature of 80° C. to 170° C. within, for example, about 60 minutes.

[0080] The laminated glass pane according to the invention can be, for example, a roof pane, a windshield, a side window or a rear window of a vehicle, or other vehicle glass, such as a dividing glass pane in a vehicle, preferably a rail vehicle, a car or a bus. Alternatively, the laminated glass pane can be architectural glass, such as a dividing glass pane in a building facade or in a building interior, or a built-in component in furniture or equipment.

[0081] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are presented schematically and are not drawn to true scale. These drawings do not limit the invention in any way. In the drawings:

[0082] Figure 1 An embodiment of a laminated glass panel according to the invention is shown in plan view,

[0083] Figure 2 Shows that there is Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a projection device of a laminated glass sheet,

[0084] Figure 3 The cross-sectional view shows Figure 2 an enlarged lower edge area of ​​the projection device, and

[0085] Figure 4 The cross-sectional view shows Figure 2 an enlarged HUD area of ​​the projection device in the

[0086] Figures 5 and 6 A further embodiment of a laminated glass pane according to the invention in a projection device is shown in a cross-sectional view.

[0087] Figures 1 to 4 Different aspects of an embodiment of a laminated glazing 1 according to the invention are shown. Figure 1 A laminated glazing 1 according to the invention is shown in the form of a windscreen for a vehicle. The laminated glazing 1 is shown in a plan view, wherein the inside surface IV of the laminated glazing 1 is seen. Figure 2 A laminated glass pane 1 is shown in a cross-sectional view as a component of a projection device 100 according to the invention, wherein the projection device 100 is installed in a vehicle. Figure 2 The cross-sectional view corresponds to Figure 1 The intersection line AA' of the laminated glass pane 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 , wherein the enlarged detail shows a lower edge region 7 . 2 adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass pane 1 . Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 An enlarged detail of the projection device 100 in FIG. 1 , in which the see-through area of ​​the laminated glass pane 1 with the HUD area H is shown.

[0088] The laminated glass pane 1 has an upper edge and a lower edge and two side edges connecting the upper edge and the lower edge, which together form the peripheral edge of the laminated glass pane 1. The lower edge of the laminated glass pane 1 (also called the motor edge) is the edge of the glass pane that faces the floor in the installed position. The upper edge of the laminated glass pane 1 (also called the roof edge) is the edge that faces the roof in the installed position in the vehicle.

[0089] The laminated glass pane 1 comprises an outer glass pane 2, an inner glass pane 3 and a wedge-shaped thermoplastic interlayer 4 arranged between the outer glass pane 2 and the inner glass pane 3. The outer glass pane 2 has an outer surface I facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 4 and an inner surface II facing the thermoplastic interlayer 4. The inner glass pane 3 has an outer surface III facing the thermoplastic interlayer 4 and an inner surface IV facing away from the thermoplastic interlayer 4. The outer surface I of the outer glass pane 2 is also simultaneously the surface of the laminated glass pane 1 facing the external environment 13, and the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 3 is also simultaneously the surface of the laminated glass pane 1 facing the vehicle interior 12. The laminated glass pane 1 has a shape and curvature conventionally used for windshields, for example.

[0090] The outer glass pane 2 and the inner glass pane 3 are each composed of glass (preferably thermally prestressed soda-lime glass) and are transparent to visible light. The thickness of the outer glass pane 2 is, for example, 2.1 mm, and the thickness of the inner glass pane 3 is, for example, 1.5 mm. The thermoplastic interlayer 4 includes a thermoplastic plastic, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The thermoplastic interlayer 4 is wedge-shaped, wherein the thickest area of ​​the interlayer 4 is arranged at the upper edge of the laminated glass pane 1, and the thinnest end is arranged at the lower edge of the laminated glass pane 1. The wedge angle β of the thermoplastic interlayer 4 is, for example, 0.2 mrad. Within the meaning of the present invention, an embodiment can also be adopted in which the thermoplastic interlayer 4 is wedge-shaped only in the HUD area H and has a constant thickness in other areas (not shown here).

[0091] An opaque masking layer 5 is applied on the inner surface II of the outer glass panel 2. Another opaque masking layer 5' is applied on the inner surface IV of the inner glass panel 3. The masking layer 5 and the further masking layer 5' extend in a frame-like manner along the peripheral edge of the laminated glass panel 1. The masking layer 5 is applied wider in the lower edge region 7.2 directly adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass panel 1 than in the upper edge region 7.1 directly adjacent to the upper edge of the laminated glass panel 1. The masking layer 5 and the further masking layer 5' are opaque and block the observation of internal or external structures arranged in the laminated glass panel 1 - for example, adhesive beads for bonding the laminated glass panel 1 to the vehicle body. The masking layer 5 and the further masking layer 5' consist of a non-conductive material conventionally used for black printing (for example, burned-in black screen printing ink).

[0092] The laminated glass pane 1 has a HUD region H, which is provided to display a head-up display image for a driver or a passenger of the vehicle. The HUD region H is arranged in the see-through region of the laminated glass pane 1 so that the image projected onto the HUD region H can be perceived by the observer as if it were presented behind the laminated glass pane 1 (i.e., in the external environment 13) (HUD technology).

[0093] The opaque reflective layer 6 is applied to the region of the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3. It is located in the lower edge region 7.2 of the laminated glass pane 1 overlapping with the masking layer 5, that is, it is arranged closer to the lower edge of the laminated glass pane 1 than to the upper edge. In the installed position, the reflective layer 6 is arranged around the instrument panel 14. Therefore, the opaque reflective layer 6 extends from the left edge to the right edge of the laminated glass pane 1. The width of the reflective layer 6 is, for example, 30 cm. The reflective layer 6 is also arranged in such a way that when viewed through the laminated glass pane 1 in a manner seen from the inside 13, it completely covers the widened section of the masking layer 5. Therefore, the reflective layer 6 is arranged on the vehicle interior side in front of the masking layer 5. Conversely, when viewed through the laminated glass pane 1 from the external environment 14, the masking layer 5 completely covers the reflective layer 6. The opaque reflective layer 6 is arranged outside the see-through area and the HUD area H of the laminated glass pane 1 provided as see-through. The reflective layer 6 is, for example, a thin film based on a synergistic prism and a reflective polarizer. The reflective layer 6 can be applied, for example, via an adhesive layer, to the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3. Alternatively, it can also be placed only on the outer surface III. The opaque reflective layer 6 is, for example, suitably designed to reflect at least 30% of visible light.

[0094] The projector 9 and the further projector 10 are arranged on the dashboard 14 of the vehicle, and they each project a virtual image in the form of visible radiation (light) 11.1, 11.2 onto the opaque reflective layer 6 or the HUD region H of the laminated glass pane 1. The irradiation angle α of the visible radiation 11.1, 11.2 from the projector 9 or from the further projector 10 impinging on the inner surface IV of the inner glass pane 3 is, for example, 65°. The projector 9 projects the virtual image in the form of visible radiation 11.1 onto the HUD region H of the laminated glass pane 1. The HUD region H irradiated by the projector 9 is Figure 1 The other projector 10 projects the virtual image in the form of visible radiation 11.2 onto the opaque reflective layer 6. The area of ​​the opaque reflective layer 6 irradiated by the other projector 10 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 1 and 1 . The visible radiation 11.1 and 11.2 of the projector 9 and the other projector 10 are reflected on the reflective layer 6 or the outer surface I of the outer glass panel 2 and the outer surface III of the inner glass panel 3, and the reflected radiation 11.1 and 11.2 are visually perceived by an observer (e.g., a driver of a vehicle). Due to the wedge-shaped structure of the thermoplastic interlayer 4, the double image generated by the double reflection on the outer glass panel 2 and the inner glass panel 3 can be reduced. Due to the wedge shape of the thermoplastic interlayer 4, the reflections on the outer surface I of the outer glass panel 2 and the outer surface III of the inner glass panel 3 are aligned with each other, so that the observer recognizes only one image.

[0095] The projector 9 irradiates the HUD region H of the laminated glass panel 1, thereby generating a HUD image (Head-Up Display image) for the observer. The other projector 10 irradiates the opaque reflective layer 6 outside the HUD region H, which is also arranged in front of the masking layer 5. Since the reflective layer 6 is opaque and arranged in front of the opaque masking layer 5, the virtual image is visually perceptible and has a higher contrast (compared to the HUD image). This makes it possible to use a projector 10 with a low light intensity, that is, a low energy consumption. The projector 9 and the other projector 10 are, for example, light emitting diode displays (LED displays).

[0096] Reference now Figures 5 and 6 , in which enlarged cross-sectional views of various embodiments of laminated glass panes 1 are shown. Figures 5 and 6 The cross-sectional view corresponds to the intersection line AA' in the lower edge region 7.2 adjacent to the lower edge of the laminated glass panel 1, as shown Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. Figures 5 and 6 The variant shown corresponds essentially to Figures 1 to 4 Therefore, only the differences will be discussed here, and for other aspects, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 Related description.

[0097] and Figures 1 to 4 In different variants, Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present invention, a heatable functional layer 8 is additionally applied to the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3. The heatable functional layer 8 extends over the entire outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3, except for peripheral edge regions and optional local regions, which are intended to ensure the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the laminated glass pane 1, such as communication, sensor or camera windows (not shown), and are therefore not provided with a heatable functional layer 8. The width of the peripheral uncoated edge region is, for example, 2 cm. It prevents direct contact of the heatable functional layer 8 with the surrounding atmosphere, thereby protecting the heatable functional layer 8 inside the laminated glass pane 1 from corrosion and damage, and electrically insulating the vehicle body from the heatable functional layer 8. The heatable functional layer 8 is, for example, a thin-layer stack comprising a silver layer with a layer thickness of 15 nm.

[0098] and Figures 1 to 4 Unlike the embodiment of the present invention, the reflective layer 6 is not applied to the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3, but is applied to the heatable functional layer 8. Alternatively, the reflective layer 6 can also be applied to the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3, and the heatable functional layer 8 can be applied in the region of the reflective layer 6 (not shown here).

[0099] like Figure 5 As stated in Figure 6In the embodiment, the heatable functional layer 8 is also applied to the outer surface III of the inner glass pane 3. However, in this embodiment, the reflective layer 6 is arranged inside the thermoplastic interlayer 4. The reflective layer 6 is arranged, for example, between two thermoplastic composite films before laminating the laminated glass pane 1. Due to the lamination, these composite films are fused to the thermoplastic interlayer 4, wherein the reflective layer 6 is completely surrounded by the thermoplastic interlayer 4.

[0100] Reference numerals

[0101] 1 Laminated glass panel

[0102] 2 outer glass panels

[0103] 3 inner glass panels

[0104] 4Thermoplastic middle layer

[0105] 5 Masking Layer

[0106] 5' Another masking layer

[0107] 6Reflection layer

[0108] 7.1 Upper edge region of the laminated glass pane 1

[0109] 7.2 Lower edge region of the laminated glass pane 1

[0110] 8Heatable functional layer

[0111] 9. Projector

[0112] 10 Another Projector

[0113] 11.1 Visible radiation from projector 9

[0114] 11.2 Visible radiation from another projector 10

[0115] 12 Internal

[0116] 13 External Environment

[0117] 14 Dashboard

[0118] 100 Projection Device

[0119] HHUD Area

[0120] α Irradiation angle

[0121] Wedge angle of the β thermoplastic intermediate layer 4

[0122] The outer surface of the outer glass plate 2

[0123] II Inner surface of outer glass plate 2

[0124] III. The outer surface of the inner glass plate 3

[0125] IV Inner surface of inner glass plate 3

[0126] A-A' cross line

Claims

1. A laminated glass sheet (1) for a projection device (100) having a HUD region (H), comprising: - an outer glass pane (2), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and an inner glass pane (3), - a masking layer (5), and - a reflective layer (6), wherein the reflective layer (6) is arranged between the outer glass pane (2) and the inner glass pane (3) and is located outside the HUD region (H) of the laminated glass pane (1), In a plan view of the laminated glass pane (1) viewed from the inner glass pane (3), the reflective layer (6) is arranged closer to the inner glass pane (3) than the masking layer (5) and is completely arranged within the masking layer (5), wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (4) is wedge-shaped at least in the HUD region (H).

2. The laminated glass pane (1) according to claim 1, wherein the reflective layer (6) is applied to the surface (III) of the inner pane (3) facing the thermoplastic intermediate layer (4).

3. The laminated glass pane (1) according to claim 1, wherein the reflective layer (6) is arranged within the thermoplastic interlayer (4).

4. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reflectivity of the reflective layer (6) for visible radiation (11.2) is at least 40%, preferably at least 70%.

5. The laminated glass pane (1) according to claim 1, wherein the reflective layer (6) contains silicon, aluminum, zirconium, nickel, chromium, boron-doped silicon, silicon-zirconium mixed nitrides, silicon nitride, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, silicon-zirconium-aluminum and / or mixtures thereof.

6. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reflective layer (6) is designed as a film based on synergistic prisms and reflective polarizers.

7. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the masking layer (5) is arranged in the upper edge region (7.1) or the lower edge region (7.2) of the laminated glass pane (1).

8. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heatable functional layer (8) is arranged between the outer glass pane (2) and the inner glass pane (3).

9. The laminated glass pane (1) according to claim 8, wherein the heatable functional layer (8) comprises at least one silver layer, preferably two silver layers, particularly preferably three silver layers.

10. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the thermoplastic interlayer (4) is wedge-shaped over the entire area of ​​the laminated glass pane (1).

11. The laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the wedge angle (β) of the thermoplastic interlayer (4) is from 0.3 mrad to 0.7 mrad, preferably from 0.4 mrad to 0.5 mrad.

12. A projection device (100), comprising - A laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, - a projector (9) which projects visible radiation (11.1) onto the HUD region (H) of the laminated glass pane (1), and A further projector (10) which projects visible radiation (11.2) onto the reflective layer (6).

13. The projection device (100) according to claim 12, wherein the proportion of p-polarized radiation in the visible radiation (11.1, 11.2) from the projector (9) and the further projector (10) is 50% to 90%, preferably 60% to 80%.

14. A method for producing a laminated glass panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein (A) providing a layer stack made of an outer glass pane (2), a masking layer (5), a thermoplastic intermediate layer (4) and an inner glass pane (3), (B) arranging a reflective layer (6) between the outer glass pane (2) and the inner glass pane (3), preferably within the thermoplastic interlayer (4), and (C) The layer stack is laminated to form a laminated glass sheet (1).

15. Use of a laminated glass pane (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 in mobile devices for land, air or water transportation, preferably in motor vehicles, for example as windshield, rear window, side windows and / or glass roof, particularly preferably as roof glass or as functional and / or decorative individual parts and as built-in components in furniture, equipment and buildings.

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