Method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves by using pericarpium citri reticulatae extract

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves by using pericarpium citri reticulatae extract, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing. According to the method, the crushed and sieved dried orange peel powder is subjected to ethanol extraction, then the extracting solution is subjected to vacuum freeze concentration, the dried orange peel extract is prepared, the extract is diluted and then sprayed to the tobacco leaves, and the tobacco leaves are subjected to quality improvement and aroma enhancement fermentation, so that efficient extraction and high-value utilization of dried orange peel components are achieved, and the additional value of the dried orange peel and products thereof is increased; the invention also provides a novel tobacco leaf quality-improving and aroma-enhancing method, and the tobacco leaves treated by the method disclosed by the invention are improved in sweet feeling, reduced in offensive odor and irritation, improved in mellowness and good in harmony.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco processing, and in particular relates to a method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves by utilizing tangerine peel extract. Background Art

[0002] Tangerine peel, also known as orange peel, is the mature peel of the citrus plant and its cultivated varieties of the Rutaceae family. "Citrus" is an evergreen small tree or shrub, cultivated in hills, plains, along the banks of rivers and lakes or in low mountain areas, and distributed in various regions south of the Yangtze River. Tangerine peel medicinal materials are divided into "Citrus" (dried mature peel of Fuju, Jiangxi Dahongpao and Wenzhou Mandarin) and "Guangcheng Tangerine" (dried mature peel of Chazhi Mandarin and Sihui Mandarin), which are mainly produced in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Jiangxi and other places. The "Guangcheng Tangerine Peel" produced in Guangdong is the best, among which the Guangcheng Tangerine Peel in Xinhui area is the most authentic. In addition, tangerine peel also has anti-allergic, anti-platelet aggregation, anti-oxidation, cardiotonic, anti-shock, anti-aging, anti-bacterial, and anti-tumor effects.

[0003] As a high-end tobacco product, the quality and taste of cigars have always been the focus of consumers. In the process of tobacco leaf preparation, the fermentation process is an important process to improve its quality. It can promote the conversion of macromolecular substances such as cellulose, starch and protein in tobacco leaves into small molecular substances such as amino acids and monosaccharides, and produce aroma components through processes such as Maillard reaction and terpenoid degradation, thereby improving the taste and aroma of cigar tobacco leaves and forming a unique flavor. For example, patent CN118542487A discloses a method of fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using dried flower extracts, which effectively improves the quality of cigar tobacco leaves. However, studies have shown that the traditional cigar tobacco fermentation process has limited effect on improving its quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract, wherein ethanol extraction is performed on crushed and sieved tangerine peel powder, and then the extract is concentrated by rotary evaporation to remove ethanol, thereby completing the preparation of tangerine peel extract, and then the extract is diluted and sprayed on tobacco leaves to perform tobacco leaf quality improvement and aroma enhancement fermentation.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves by using tangerine peel extract, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) crushing: crushing and sieving dried orange peel to obtain dried orange peel powder;

[0007] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: After adding ethanol aqueous solution to the tangerine peel powder according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic-assisted extraction is performed, and filtration is performed to obtain the tangerine peel alcohol extract;

[0008] (3) rotary evaporation and concentration: the ethanol extract of dried orange peel is concentrated by rotary evaporation and then the solvent is removed to obtain dried orange peel extract;

[0009] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: diluting the tangerine peel extract prepared in step (3) and spraying it onto cigar tobacco leaves for fermentation.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the solid-liquid ratio of tangerine peel powder to ethanol aqueous solution is 1:10 to 1:50 g / mL.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the power of ultrasound is 300-500 W, and the time is 60-150 min.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 40% to 80%.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the tangerine peel extract is diluted 5 to 15 times with deionized water.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the tangerine peel extract is 0.25-0.5% of the mass of the cigar tobacco leaves.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (4), the fermentation treatment conditions are: fermentation at 25°C to 45°C and 60% to 80% humidity for 20 days to 40 days.

[0016] [Beneficial Effects]

[0017] The invention extracts ethanol from crushed and sieved tangerine peel powder, then performs rotary evaporation and concentration on the extract to remove ethanol, completes the preparation of tangerine peel extract, and then dilutes the extract and sprays it on tobacco leaves to perform tobacco leaf quality-improving and flavor-enhancing fermentation, thereby achieving efficient extraction and high-value utilization of tangerine peel components, improving the added value of tangerine peel and its products, and providing a novel cigar tobacco leaf quality-improving and flavor-enhancing method. The tobacco leaves processed by the method of the invention have improved sweetness, reduced impurities and irritation, improved mellowness, and better coordination. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The detection and calculation methods involved in the present invention are as follows:

[0019] Detection method of total flavonoids in tangerine peel: sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate complex method, refer to "Study on Optimization of Extraction Technology of Flavonoids in Tangerine Peel by Response Surface Methodology";

[0020] Tangerine peel amino acid detection method: refer to "GB 5009.124-2016 National Food Safety Standard Determination of Amino Acids in Food";

[0021] Tangerine peel total nitrogen detection method: refer to "GB 5009.5-2016 National Food Safety Standard Determination of Protein in Food";

[0022] The total sugar content of the extract refers to "NY / T 2332-2013 Determination of total sugar content in red ginseng by spectrophotometry";

[0023] The measurement method of dry matter in extract refers to GB / T 22428.4-2008 Determination of dry matter in glucose syrup;

[0024] The chemical composition of tobacco leaves was determined according to "Analysis of Microbial Community, Volatile Flavor Compounds, and Flavor of Cigar Tobacco Leaves From Different Regions".

[0025] The following dried tangerine peels are provided by Guangdong Yixiang Dried Tangerine Peel Co., Ltd. Oolong tea and dried pollen are commercially available; cigar tobacco is Dexue No. 1 cigar tobacco

[0026] Example 1

[0027] (1) crushing: crushing five-year-old dried orange peel and passing it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dried orange peel powder;

[0028] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic alcohol extraction (power 500 W) was performed on the dried tangerine peel powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 60%), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C, and the dried tangerine peel alcohol extract was obtained by filtration;

[0029] (3) rotary evaporation and concentration: the ethanol extract of dried orange peel is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain dried orange peel extract, and the dried orange peel extract is diluted 10 times with deionized water;

[0030] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Spray the diluted tangerine peel extract onto the Dexue No. 1 cigar tobacco leaves at a ratio of 0.5% (w, w), and ferment at 37° C. and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] (1) crushing: crushing five-year-old dried orange peel and passing it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dried orange peel powder;

[0033] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic alcohol extraction (power 500 W) was performed on the dried tangerine peel powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 60%), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C to obtain a dried tangerine peel alcohol extract;

[0034] (3) rotary evaporation and concentration: The ethanol extract of dried orange peel is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain dried orange peel extract, and the dried orange peel extract is diluted 10 times with deionized water;

[0035] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Spray the diluted tangerine peel extract onto the Dexue No. 1 cigar tobacco leaves at a ratio of 0.25% (w, w), and ferment at 37° C. and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] (1) crushing: crushing five-year-old dried orange peel and passing it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain dried orange peel powder;

[0038] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic alcohol extraction (power 500 W) was performed on the dried tangerine peel powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 60%), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C to obtain a dried tangerine peel alcohol extract;

[0039] (3) rotary evaporation and concentration: The ethanol extract of dried orange peel is concentrated by rotary evaporation to obtain dried orange peel extract, and the dried orange peel extract is diluted 10 times with deionized water;

[0040] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Spray the diluted tangerine peel extract onto Dexue No. 1 cigar tobacco leaves at a ratio of 1.0% (w, w), and ferment at 37° C. and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] (1) crushing: crushing dried orange peel and passing through a 40 mesh sieve to obtain dried orange peel powder;

[0043] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic extraction (power 500 W) was performed on the dried tangerine peel powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was deionized water), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C to obtain a dried tangerine peel water extract;

[0044] (3) Dilution: dilute the tangerine peel water extract 10 times with deionized water;

[0045] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Spray the diluted tangerine peel water extract onto Dexue No. 1 cigar tobacco leaves at a ratio of 0.5% (w, w), and ferment at 37° C. and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0046] Comparative Example 3

[0047] (1) Grinding: Grinding the oolong tea and passing it through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain oolong tea powder;

[0048] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic alcohol extraction (power 500 W) was performed on oolong tea powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 60%), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C to obtain oolong tea alcohol extract;

[0049] (3) Rotary evaporation concentration: The oolong tea alcohol extract was concentrated by rotary evaporation and then diluted 10 times with deionized water;

[0050] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Finally, spray the fermentation liquid onto the Dexue No. 1 cigar leaves at a ratio of 0.5% (w, w) and ferment at 37°C and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] (1) crushing: crushing the dried osmanthus flowers and passing through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain osmanthus flower dry powder;

[0053] (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: ultrasonic alcohol extraction (power 500 W) was performed once on the osmanthus flower dry powder at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g / mL (the extraction medium was an ethanol aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 60%), extraction time 120 min, and extraction temperature 50°C to obtain a dry flower alcohol extract;

[0054] (3) Rotary evaporation concentration: The dried flower alcohol extract was concentrated by rotary evaporation and then diluted 10 times with deionized water;

[0055] (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: Finally, spray the fermentation liquid onto the Dexue No. 1 cigar leaves at a ratio of 0.5% (w, w) and ferment at 37°C and 70% humidity for 30 days.

[0056] Table 1 Extract index

[0057]

[0058] Table 2 Tobacco leaf indicators after fermentation

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Table 3 Flavor substance content

[0062]

[0063] As can be seen from the above table, the overall sensory evaluation of Examples 1 and 2 is higher, and the content of degradation products such as carotenoid degradation products, cysteinyl degradation products, and chlorophyll degradation products, which are positively correlated with the overall flavor, is higher.

[0064] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the steps described are not intended to limit the execution order thereof. Those skilled in the art may make obvious improvements to the present invention in combination with existing common knowledge, which also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) crushing: crushing and sieving tangerine peel to obtain tangerine peel powder; (2) Ultrasonic alcohol extraction: After adding ethanol aqueous solution to the tangerine peel powder according to a certain solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic-assisted extraction is performed, and filtration is performed to obtain the tangerine peel alcohol extract; (3) rotary evaporation and concentration: concentrating the tangerine peel alcohol extract to obtain tangerine peel extract; (4) Spraying the fermentation liquid: diluting the tangerine peel extract prepared in step (3) and spraying it onto cigar tobacco leaves for fermentation.

2. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the power of ultrasound is 300-500W.

3. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the ultrasonication time is 60 to 150 minutes.

4. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the solid-liquid ratio of tangerine peel powder to ethanol aqueous solution is 1:10-50 g / mL.

5. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol aqueous solution is 40 to 80%.

6. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the dried tangerine peel extract is diluted 5 to 15 times with deionized water.

7. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the tangerine peel extract is 0.25-0.5% of the mass of the cigar tobacco leaves.

8. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the fermentation temperature is 25-45° C. and the humidity is 60-80%.

9. A method for fermenting cigar tobacco leaves using tangerine peel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the fermentation time is 20 to 40 days.

10. Cigar tobacco leaves prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images