Carbon capture device and method for capturing carbon dioxide

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of carbon capture, and discloses a carbon capture device and a method for capturing carbon dioxide, the carbon capture device comprises at least one carbon capture device, the carbon capture device comprises a rotating shaft, a gas chamber and a rotating absorption cage arranged in the gas chamber, the rotating shaft penetrates through the gas chamber and the rotating absorption cage in the axial direction, and the rotating absorption cage is arranged in the gas chamber. The rotary absorption cage can be driven to rotate; a plurality of air inlet holes are distributed in the surface of the rotary absorption cage; the rotating shaft is of a hollow structure, a liquid film distributor cover plate is arranged on the part, located in the rotary absorption cage, of the rotating shaft, and the liquid film distributor cover plate can be lifted upwards or tightened downwards by taking the joint of the liquid film distributor cover plate and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum; in the rotary absorption cage, an exhaust hole is formed in the rotating shaft above the joint, and an absorption liquid conveying hole is formed in the rotating shaft below the joint. The carbon capture device can realize the absorption of low-concentration carbon dioxide gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon dioxide capture, and in particular to a carbon capture device and a method for capturing carbon dioxide. Background Art

[0002] As countries around the world pay attention to the global greenhouse effect, reducing carbon dioxide emissions has attracted increasing attention and has become the most important measure for people to cope with global warming. At present, for enterprises with high carbon emission intensity, it is crucial to effectively reduce the CO2 emission intensity of the production process. The main methods of carbon dioxide capture are pre-combustion carbon capture, combustion carbon capture and post-combustion carbon capture. Among them, post-combustion carbon capture technology is relatively mature and has the basis and conditions for large-scale application. At the same time, it has a wide range of applicable scenarios and large technical requirements, which has attracted widespread attention from experts and scholars at home and abroad. Post-combustion carbon capture mainly uses amine organic substances represented by ethanolamine (MEA) as the main component, and is used for flue gas CO2 capture after preparing a suitable concentration. This method is currently the only carbon capture method with technical maturity and annual production capacity of millions of tons. However, this method faces unfavorable factors such as high cost investment, complex system, and low economic efficiency of regeneration and desorption energy consumption. In addition, when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas source is too low, due to the low gas phase partial pressure, the driving force of the absorption reaction is reduced, and the entire carbon capture process cannot meet the high decarbonization efficiency. At the same time, the viscosity of the absorbent increases with the concentration. On the one hand, too high a concentration can increase the absorbent loading capacity, effectively increase the absorption cycle efficiency of the absorbent, and improve the economic efficiency of the system operation. However, too high an absorbent concentration will cause blockage problems due to excessive viscosity. At present, an efficient capture method for low-concentration CO2 has not been developed, and the problems of the current high-concentration absorbent operation process have not been solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems of low low-concentration CO2 absorption efficiency and high-concentration absorbent operation process in the prior art, and to provide a carbon capture device and a method for capturing carbon dioxide, which can effectively realize the absorption of low-concentration carbon dioxide gas and the operation of high-concentration absorption liquid.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a carbon capture device, which includes at least one carbon capturer, wherein the carbon capturer includes a rotating shaft, an air chamber, and a rotating absorption cage disposed in the air chamber, wherein the rotating shaft penetrates the air chamber and the rotating absorption cage in the axial direction and can drive the rotating absorption cage to rotate; A plurality of air inlet holes are distributed on the surface of the rotating absorption cage, so that the carbon-containing gas to be captured transported into the air chamber can enter the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage through the air inlet holes; The rotating shaft is a hollow structure, and a liquid film distributor cover is provided on the portion of the rotating shaft located in the rotating absorption cage, and the liquid film distributor cover can be lifted upward or tightened downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum; In the rotating absorption cage, an exhaust hole is arranged above the connection part of the rotating shaft, and an absorption liquid delivery hole is arranged below the connection part of the rotating shaft.

[0005] Preferably, an upper sealing plate is provided on the top of the rotating absorption cage, and a plurality of guide grooves are provided on the inner wall.

[0006] Preferably, the liquid film distributor cover plate comprises a fixing ring and a plurality of liquid film distributor cover plate blades arranged around the fixing ring.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of air holes are radially provided on the edge of the blades of the cover plate of the liquid film distributor.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting component is provided on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage; When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is greater than the rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate is deployed upward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum, and reaches the limit component to be locked; When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is less than a rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate is tightened downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum.

[0009] Preferably, the carbon collector further comprises a speed control module, which can collect absorption liquid concentration information and liquid level information in the rotating absorption cage, and adjust the rotation speed of the rotating shaft according to the absorption liquid concentration information and the liquid level information.

[0010] Preferably, the carbon capture device also includes a rich liquid desorption unit, which includes a rich liquid storage tank, a desorption device and a lean liquid storage tank. The lower end of the rotating shaft in the carbon capture device has a lower opening, and the lower opening of the rotating shaft is connected to the rich liquid storage tank and the lean liquid storage tank respectively. The rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage is discharged through the absorption liquid delivery hole and enters the rich liquid storage tank through the lower opening of the rotating shaft. The rich liquid collected in the rich liquid storage tank then enters the desorption device for desorption. The lean liquid obtained after desorption is then transported to the lean liquid storage tank and then returned to the rotating absorption cage through the lower opening of the rotating shaft for reuse.

[0011] Preferably, the carbon capture device includes more than two carbon capturers. According to the processing order of the carbon-containing gas to be captured, a first-stage boosting device is provided on the air intake pipeline of the air chamber of the first carbon capturer, and between two adjacent carbon capturers, the upper opening at the upper end of the rotating shaft in the previous carbon capturer is connected to the air intake pipeline of the air chamber of the next carbon capturer, and a second-stage boosting device is provided on the air intake pipeline.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for capturing carbon dioxide, which is implemented in the carbon capture device.

[0013] Preferably, when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is greater than 90-110 r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate is deployed upward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum, and reaches the limit component to be locked; When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is less than 950-1100 r / min, the cover plate of the liquid film distributor is tightened downward with the connection between the cover plate of the liquid film distributor and the rotating shaft as a fulcrum; Preferably, when the concentration of the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage is greater than 0.9-1.05 g / mL, the rotation speed control module will reduce the rotation speed of the rotating shaft.

[0014] In the carbon capture device described in the present invention, the carbon-containing gas to be captured enters the gas chamber and is then transported to the rotating absorption cage to contact with the absorbent. The absorbed gas is discharged through the exhaust hole of the rotating shaft and then transported to the next-level carbon capture device for treatment. Through multi-stage treatment, low-concentration carbon dioxide can be treated. In addition, in the rotating absorption cage described in the present invention, the absorbent is evenly distributed on the surface of the cage structure wall. At the same time, thanks to the rotation of the rotating absorption cage, the mixed contact between the absorbent and the gas is further promoted, ensuring the efficient recovery of low-concentration carbon dioxide. At the same time, in the present invention, when the speed control module detects that the concentration of the absorption liquid is too high, the speed of the rotating shaft can be reduced. At the same time, as the speed of the rotating shaft decreases, the liquid film distributor cover is tightened downward to squeeze the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage toward the center. When the liquid level rises, the rich liquid is discharged through the absorption liquid delivery hole of the rotating shaft and delivered to the rich liquid desorption unit for treatment. The lean liquid obtained after treatment is returned to the collector for reuse, realizing the process operation of high-concentration absorbent, successfully solving the problem of easy clogging of high-concentration absorbent, and also realizing the absorption and treatment of low-concentration carbon dioxide. In addition, the carbon capture device described in the present invention can also effectively increase the circulating load of the absorbent, and can effectively save equipment space, with broad industrial application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the carbon capture device; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid film distributor cover plate; Figure 3 It is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the rotating absorption cage.

[0016] Description of Reference Numerals 1 air chamber; 2 rotating absorption cage; 21 air inlet; 22 upper sealing plate; 23 guide groove; 24 limiting component; 3 rotating shaft; 31 exhaust hole; 32 absorption liquid delivery hole; 33 upper opening; 34 lower opening; 4 liquid film distributor cover plate; 41 fixing ring; 42 liquid film distributor cover plate blade; 5 speed control module; 61 rich liquid storage tank; 62 desorption device; 63 lean liquid storage tank; 64 desorption pump; 65 rich liquid pump; 66 lean liquid pump; 67 circulation pump; 7 first stage booster device; 8 second stage booster device; 9 coupling boxes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0018] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0019] Combined with reference Figure 1 The carbon capture device of the present invention comprises at least one carbon collector, which comprises a rotating shaft 3, an air chamber 1 and a rotating absorption cage 2 disposed in the air chamber 1. In the carbon collector, the carbon-containing gas to be captured is first transported into the air chamber 1 through the air inlet of the air chamber 1 and the air inlet for the treated gas disposed above the air chamber 1, and then transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 to be mixed with the absorbent for treatment. The treated gas enters the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 of the rotating shaft 3 and is then discharged; or after entering the rotating shaft 3, it is transported to the air chamber 1 of the carbon collector connected thereto for further treatment.

[0020] In the present invention, the rotating shaft 3 axially penetrates the air chamber 1 and the rotating absorption cage 2, and can drive the rotating absorption cage 2 to rotate. The rapid rotation of the rotating absorption cage 2 during the carbon capture process helps to improve the capture efficiency of the absorbent in the rotating absorption cage 2 for the carbon-containing gas to be captured, and improves the absorption efficiency of carbon dioxide.

[0021] In the present invention, the rotating shaft 3 is a hollow structure, and a liquid film distributor cover plate 4 is provided on the portion of the rotating shaft 3 located inside the rotating absorption cage 2. That is, the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 3 and is provided inside the rotating absorption cage 2. In particular, in the present invention, the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 can be lifted upward or tightened downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum.

[0022] In the present invention, on the part of the rotating shaft 3 located in the rotating absorption cage 2, the rotating shaft 3 is provided with an exhaust hole 31 above the connection, and an absorption liquid delivery hole 32 is provided below the connection. Specifically, the exhaust hole 31 is used to discharge the purified gas in the rotating absorption cage 2. Specifically, the treated gas enters the hollow of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 and is then discharged. The absorption liquid delivery hole 32 is used to output the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 or to input the regenerated lean liquid into the rotating absorption cage 2.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, an upper opening 33 is provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3. The carbon-containing gas to be captured enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 provided on the rotating shaft 3 after being treated in the rotating absorption cage 2, and is discharged through the upper opening 33 provided at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3; a lower opening 34 is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3, and the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 provided on the rotating shaft 3, and is discharged through the lower opening 34 provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3.

[0024] In the present invention, the structure of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 is combined with reference to Figure 2, the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 comprises a fixing ring 41 and a plurality of liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 arranged around the fixing ring 41. The fixing ring 41 is fixedly arranged at the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 (that is, the fixing ring 41 and the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 coincide with each other). It can be understood that in a specific embodiment, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 are lifted upward and unfolded or tightened downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum; or it can be understood that in a specific embodiment, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 are lifted upward and unfolded or tightened downward with the fixing ring 41 as a fulcrum.

[0025] Specifically, after the carbon-containing gas to be captured is transported to the rotating absorption cage 2, the speed of the rotating shaft 3 is increased under the control of the speed control module 5. As the speed increases, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 in the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are gradually lifted and unfolded with the fixed ring 41 as the fulcrum, so as to prevent the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 from overflowing and further promote a more uniform distribution of the absorption liquid; when the high-concentration absorbent in the rotating absorption cage 2 reaches saturation after a long period of circulation capture, the speed is reduced under the control of the speed control module 5. As the speed decreases, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 in the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are gradually tightened and gathered downward with the fixed ring 41 as the fulcrum, squeezing the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 toward the center and causing the rich liquid to be discharged through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 of the rotating shaft 3.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of air holes 43 are radially provided on the edge of the liquid film distributor cover blade 42. The treated gas first passes through the air holes 43 on the liquid film distributor cover blade 42 and enters the top of the rotating absorption cage 2, and then is discharged through the exhaust holes 31 on the rotating shaft 3 and enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3, and then is discharged to the next process or transported to the next carbon collector for further treatment.

[0027] In a specific embodiment, the exhaust hole 31 is located above the fixing ring 41, and the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 is located below the fixing ring 41. In a more specific embodiment, the exhaust hole 31 is located between the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 and the fixing ring 41; the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 is located between the lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 and the fixing ring 41.

[0028] In the present invention, the axial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rotating absorption cage 2 is as follows Figure 3As shown, a plurality of air inlet holes 21 are distributed on the surface of the rotating absorption cage 2. The air inlet holes 21 allow the carbon-containing gas to be captured, which is transported into the air chamber 1, to enter the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air inlet holes 21 for treatment, and the treated gas is discharged through the exhaust holes 31 provided on the rotating shaft 3.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of guide grooves 23 are provided on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage 2. The guide grooves 23 help to make the absorbent in the rotating absorption cage 2 more evenly distributed, thereby further improving the capture efficiency of the carbon collector and the capture efficiency of low-concentration carbon dioxide.

[0030] In the present invention, the rotating absorption cage 2 is further provided with an upper sealing plate 22 for preventing the absorbent from overflowing during the capturing process, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the capturing process.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure smoother operation of the carbon capture device, the exhaust hole 31 provided on the rotating shaft 3 is located between the connection (i.e., the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 or the fixing ring 41 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4) and the upper sealing plate 22.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 is located between the connection (ie, the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 or the fixing ring 41 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 ) and the bottom of the rotating absorption cage 2 .

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, in order to further ensure the normal operation of the carbon capture device, a limiting component 24 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage 2. Specifically, when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is greater than the rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are lifted and unfolded upward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum (that is, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are lifted and unfolded upward with the fixing ring 41 as a fulcrum), and reach the locking position of the limiting component 24; when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is less than the rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are tightened and gathered downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum (that is, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are tightened and gathered downward with the fixing ring 41 as a fulcrum). Specifically, after the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 reaches the limiting component 24 and is locked, the liquid level of the absorption liquid in the rotary absorption cage 2 stops increasing when it reaches the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 .

[0034] In a specific implementation, the limiting component 24 may be a common device in the art, such as a stopper.

[0035] In the present invention, the carbon capture device further includes a speed control module 5, which can collect the absorption liquid concentration information and liquid level information in the rotating absorption cage 2, and adjust the speed of the rotating shaft 3 according to the absorption liquid concentration information and the liquid level information. Specifically, when the carbon-containing gas to be captured is transported to the rotating absorption cage 2, the speed control module 5 increases the speed of the rotating shaft 3, and the rotating shaft 3 drives the rotating absorption cage 2 to rotate, and the rotation speed of the rotating absorption cage 2 is accelerated; after the carbon capture device has been running for a period of time, the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 reaches adsorption saturation, and the speed control module 5 reduces the speed of the rotating shaft 3 through the collected absorption liquid concentration information, so that the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 are tightened and gathered downward, prompting the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 to be discharged through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 set on the rotating shaft 3, and transported to the rich liquid storage tank 61 in the rich liquid desorption unit.

[0036] In a specific implementation, the speed control module 5 is disposed on the portion of the rotating shaft 3 located in the air chamber 1 .

[0037] In a specific embodiment, in order to improve the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide and improve the absorption efficiency of low-concentration carbon dioxide, the carbon capture device of the present invention includes at least two carbon capturers, and further, according to the processing order of the carbon-containing gas to be captured, a first-stage booster 7 is provided on the air inlet pipeline of the air chamber 1 of the first (or first) carbon capturer, and the outlet of the first-stage booster 7 is connected to the inlet of the air chamber of the first carbon capturer, so as to transport the carbon-containing gas to be captured to the air chamber 1 of the first carbon capturer. Specifically, the first-stage booster 7 can be a common device in the art that can increase the gas pressure.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, along the flow direction of the carbon-containing gas to be captured, a first-stage booster device 7 and a manifold 9 are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipeline of the air chamber 1 of the first (or first) carbon collector. The manifold 9 is used to stabilize the pressure of the boosted gas and can also serve as a sealed exhaust point to pressurize and seal the connection between the rotating shaft 3 and the air chamber 1.

[0039] More specifically, between two adjacent carbon traps, the upper opening of the upper end of the rotating shaft (3) in the first carbon trap is connected to the air intake line of the air chamber 1 of the second carbon trap, and a two-stage supercharging device 8 is provided on the air intake line. For example, when the carbon trap device described in the present invention includes two carbon traps, the carbon-containing gas to be captured is absorbed in the rotating absorption cage 2 of the first carbon trap, enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 of the rotating shaft 3, and is discharged through the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3, and then is transported to the air chamber 1 of the second carbon trap through the provided two-stage supercharging device 8 for further treatment, thereby realizing multi-stage adsorption and multi-stage treatment of carbon dioxide and improving the carbon capture effect.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the carbon capture device of the present invention further comprises a rich liquid desorption unit, and the rich liquid desorption unit comprises a rich liquid storage tank 61 , a desorption device 62 and a lean liquid storage tank 63 .

[0041] Specifically, the lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 in the carbon collector is connected to the inlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61 and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 respectively, the outlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61 is connected to the inlet of the desorption device 62, and the outlet of the desorption device 62 is connected to the inlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63.

[0042] Specifically, a first valve is provided at the lower opening 34 of the lower end of the rotating shaft 3, a second valve is provided between the lower opening 34 of the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 and the inlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61, and a third valve is provided between the lower opening 34 of the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 is discharged through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3 and enters the rich liquid storage tank 61 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3. The rich liquid collected in the rich liquid storage tank 61 then enters the desorption device 62 for desorption and regeneration. The lean liquid obtained after desorption is then transported to the lean liquid storage tank 63, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3, and then returns to the rotating absorption cage 2 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3 for reuse.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a desorption pump 64 is provided between the rich liquid storage tank 61 and the desorption device 62, for transporting the rich liquid from the rich liquid storage tank 61 to the desorption device 62 for desorption and regeneration. In the present invention, the desorption device 62 may be a common device in the art for desorption and regeneration of rich liquid, for example, a desorption tower.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the rich liquid obtained in the carbon collector can be transported to the rich liquid storage tank 61 for storage by using a rich liquid pump 65. The rich liquid pump can be a common pump for transporting liquids in the art.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, a lean liquid pump 66 is provided at the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 for conveying the lean liquid to the rotating shaft 3 and then returning the lean liquid to the rotating absorption cage 2 for reuse.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, a circulation pump 67 is provided between the desorption device and the lean liquid storage tank for conveying the absorption liquid (ie, lean liquid) obtained after desorption to the lean liquid storage tank.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the high-purity carbon dioxide desorbed in the desorption device 62 can be transported to a drying tower for drying, and then liquefied to obtain a liquid carbon dioxide product for use or sale.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, when the carbon capture device of the present invention includes two carbon capture devices, the process flow chart is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the working principle of the carbon capture device is: The carbon-containing gas to be captured is pressurized by the primary supercharging device 7, and then transported to the header 9 for stabilization, and then enters the air chamber 1 of the first carbon collector through the air inlet of the air chamber 1 to be treated, and then enters the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air inlet 21 of the rotating absorption cage 2; The third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is closed, and the third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is opened. After the air pressure in the rotating absorption cage 2 is established, the lean liquid from the lean liquid storage tank 63 is pumped into the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon collector by the lean liquid pump 66, and then transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3. The input absorption liquid The liquid is gradually distributed upward along the guide groove 23 on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage 2; at this time, the speed control module 5 gradually increases the speed of the rotating shaft 3, and the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are lifted and unfolded upward with the fixing ring 41 as the fulcrum, and locked at the limit component 24, and the liquid level of the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 completely covers the air inlet 21 along the guide groove 23, and stops increasing at the point where it contacts the liquid film distributor cover plate 4, and the absorption liquid stably absorbs the carbon-containing gas to be captured in the rotating absorption cage 2; The gas absorbed in the first carbon collector enters the upper part of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air holes on the liquid film distributor cover blade 42, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 of the rotating shaft 3, and is transported to the secondary supercharging device 8 through the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 for supercharging. The supercharged gas is transported to the air chamber 1 of the second carbon collector, and then enters the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 in the second carbon collector through the air inlet 21. At this time, the third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is opened, and the valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is closed. The third valve allows the lean liquid in the lean liquid storage tank 63 to enter the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon collector, and then to be transported to the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 in the second carbon collector through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3, to be mixed and contacted with the purified gas from the first carbon collector, to absorb the remaining carbon dioxide in the gas, and the absorbed and purified gas enters the upper part of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air holes on the cover blades 42 of the liquid film distributor in the second carbon collector, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 of the rotating shaft 3, and is directly discharged to the atmosphere through the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3; When the absorption liquid in the carbon collector reaches adsorption saturation, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is reduced by the speed control module 5 in the rotating absorption cage 2 through the collected absorption liquid concentration information, so that the liquid film distributor cover blades 42 are tightened and gathered downward with the fixed ring 41 as the fulcrum, so that the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 set on the rotating shaft 3, and is discharged through the lower opening 34. The discharged rich liquid is transported to the rich liquid storage tank 61 in the rich liquid desorption unit through the rich liquid pump 65, and then transported to the desorption device 62 for desorption through the desorption pump 64. The lean liquid obtained after desorption is returned to the lean liquid storage tank 63 through the circulation pump 67, and then transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 for reuse through the lean liquid pump 66.

[0050] The present invention further provides a method for capturing carbon dioxide, which is implemented in the carbon capture device of the present invention.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is greater than 90-110r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are lifted and unfolded upward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum, and locked at the limit component 24; when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is less than 950-1100r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are tightened and gathered downward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 and the rotating shaft 3 as a fulcrum.

[0052] In a specific embodiment, when the absorption liquid concentration in the rotating absorption cage 2 is greater than 0.9-1.05 g / mL, the speed control module 5 will reduce the speed of the rotating shaft 3. At this time, the speed of the liquid film distributor cover blade 42 slowly decreases and gradually tightens downward, allowing the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 to enter the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3, and then be discharged through the lower opening of the rotating shaft 3 into the rich liquid storage tank 61, and then be transported to the desorption device 62 for treatment.

[0053] The carbon capture device described in the present invention can achieve efficient capture of low-concentration carbon dioxide and can also achieve operation of high-concentration absorbents, which can improve the circulation efficiency of the carbon capture system, that is, it solves the capture problem of low-concentration carbon dioxide and also solves the process operation problem of high-concentration absorption liquid, and has broad industrial application prospects.

[0054] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0055] Example 1 Use Figure 1 The carbon capture device shown is processed, wherein the carbon capture device contains a rich liquid desorption unit and two carbon capture vessels; The carbon collector comprises a rotating shaft 3, an air chamber 1 and a rotating absorption cage 2 arranged in the air chamber 1; The rotating shaft 3 axially penetrates the air chamber 1 and the rotating absorption cage 2, and can drive the rotating absorption cage 2 to rotate; the rotating shaft 3 is a hollow structure, and a liquid film distributor cover plate 4 is provided on the portion of the rotating shaft 3 located inside the rotating absorption cage 2; The structure of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, it comprises a fixing ring 41 and a plurality of liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 arranged around the fixing ring 41; the edges of the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 are provided with a plurality of air holes 43 along the radial direction; the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 can be lifted upward or tightened downward with the fixing ring 41 as a fulcrum; An upper opening 33 is provided above the rotating shaft 3, and a lower opening 34 is provided below the rotating shaft 3; The rotating shaft is provided with an exhaust hole 31 between the upper opening 33 and the fixing ring 41, and the rotating shaft 3 is provided with an absorption liquid delivery hole 32 between the lower opening 34 and the fixing ring 41; The schematic diagram of the rotating absorption cage 2 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of air inlet holes 21 are distributed on the surface of the rotating absorption cage 2, a plurality of guide grooves 23 are arranged on the inner wall, and an upper sealing plate 22 is arranged on the upper part; A limiting component 24 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage 2; The rotation speed control module 5 is arranged on the portion of the rotating shaft 3 located in the air chamber 1; The rich liquid desorption unit comprises a rich liquid storage tank 61, a desorption device 62 and a lean liquid storage tank 63; The lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 in the carbon trap is connected to the inlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61 and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 respectively, the outlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61 is connected to the inlet of the desorption device 62, and the outlet of the desorption device 62 is connected to the inlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63; A desorption pump 64 is provided between the rich liquid storage tank 61 and the desorption device 62; A rich liquid pump 65 is provided between the lower opening 34 of the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 in the carbon collector and the inlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61; A lean liquid pump 66 is provided at the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63; A circulation pump 67 is provided between the desorption device and the lean liquid storage tank; A first valve is provided at the lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3, a second valve is provided between the lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 and the inlet of the rich liquid storage tank 61, and a third valve is provided between the lower opening 34 at the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63.

[0056] The specific operation process of the device is as follows: The carbon-containing gas to be captured (the carbon dioxide content is 12%) is pressurized by the primary supercharging device 7, and then transported to the header 9 for stabilization, and then enters the air chamber of the first carbon collector through the air inlet of the air chamber 1 to be treated, and then enters the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air inlet 21 of the rotating absorption cage 2; The third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon trap and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is closed, and the third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon trap and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is opened. After the air pressure in the rotating absorption cage 2 is established, the lean liquid from the lean liquid storage tank 63 is pumped into the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon trap by the lean liquid pump 66, and then transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3. The input absorption liquid is transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 along the guide groove 23. The inner wall gradually distributes upward; at this time, the speed control module 5 gradually increases the speed of the rotating shaft 3 to 100r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades 42 of the liquid film distributor cover plate 4 are lifted and unfolded upward with the fixing ring 41 as the fulcrum, and locked at the limit component 24 (the speed of the rotating shaft 3 is 1200r / min at this time), and the liquid level of the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 completely covers the air inlet 21 along the guide groove 23, and stops increasing at the point where it contacts the liquid film distributor cover plate 4, and the absorption liquid stably absorbs the carbon-containing gas to be captured in the rotating absorption cage 2; The gas absorbed in the first carbon collector enters the upper part of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air holes on the cover blades 42 of the liquid film distributor, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust holes 31 of the rotating shaft 3, and is transported to the secondary supercharging device 8 through the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 for supercharging. The supercharged gas is transported to the air chamber 1 of the second carbon collector, and then enters the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 in the second carbon collector through the air inlet 21. At this time, the third valve between the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is opened, and the third valve between the lower opening of the rotating shaft 3 in the first carbon collector and the outlet of the lean liquid storage tank 63 is closed, and the lean liquid The lean liquid in the storage tank 63 enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3 in the second carbon collector, and is then transported to the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage 2 in the second carbon collector through the absorption liquid transport hole 32 on the rotating shaft 3, and is mixed and contacted with the purified gas from the first carbon collector to absorb the remaining carbon dioxide in the gas. The absorbed and purified gas enters the upper part of the rotating absorption cage 2 through the air holes on the cover blades 42 of the liquid film distributor in the second carbon collector, and then enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the exhaust hole 31 of the rotating shaft 3, and is directly discharged to the atmosphere through the upper opening 33 at the upper end of the rotating shaft 3 (the carbon dioxide content in the purified gas is 1.2%). When the absorption liquid in the carbon collector reaches adsorption saturation (the concentration of the absorption liquid is 1.018 g / mL), the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 3 is reduced to 1000 r / min through the speed control module 5 in the rotating absorption cage 2 according to the collected absorption liquid concentration information, so that the liquid film distributor cover blades 42 are tightened and gathered downward with the fixed ring 41 as the fulcrum, so that the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage 2 is discharged into the hollow part of the rotating shaft 3 through the absorption liquid delivery hole 32 set on the rotating shaft 3, and then discharged through the lower opening 34 of the rotating shaft 3, and transported to the rich liquid storage tank 61 in the rich liquid desorption unit through the rich liquid pump 65, and then transported to the desorption device 62 for desorption through the desorption pump 64, and the lean liquid obtained after desorption is returned to the lean liquid storage tank 63 through the circulation pump 67, and then transported to the rotating absorption cage 2 for reuse through the lean liquid pump 66.

[0057] Calculations show that the carbon capture efficiency of the carbon capture device of the present invention is 90%. The carbon capture device can achieve efficient recovery and capture of low-concentration carbon dioxide, solve problems such as the operation of high-concentration absorption liquid, and further save equipment space.

[0058] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon capture device, characterized in that: The carbon capture device comprises at least one carbon capturer, the carbon capturer comprising a rotating shaft (3), an air chamber (1), and a rotating absorption cage (2) arranged in the air chamber (1), the rotating shaft (3) axially penetrating the air chamber (1) and the rotating absorption cage (2), and being capable of driving the rotating absorption cage (2) to rotate; A plurality of air inlet holes (21) are distributed on the surface of the rotating absorption cage (2), so that the carbon-containing gas to be captured that is transported into the gas chamber (1) can enter the inner cavity of the rotating absorption cage (2) through the air inlet holes (21); The rotating shaft (3) is a hollow structure, and a liquid film distributor cover plate (4) is provided on the portion of the rotating shaft (3) located inside the rotating absorption cage (2), and the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) can be lifted upward or tightened downward using the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) and the rotating shaft (3) as a fulcrum; In the rotating absorption cage (2), the rotating shaft (3) is provided with an exhaust hole (31) above the connection, and the rotating shaft (3) is provided with an absorption liquid delivery hole (32) below the connection.

2. The carbon capture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper sealing plate (22) is provided on the top of the rotating absorption cage (2), and a plurality of guide grooves (23) are provided on the inner wall.

3. The carbon capture device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The liquid film distributor cover plate (4) comprises a fixing ring (41) and a plurality of liquid film distributor cover plate blades (42) arranged around the fixing ring (41).

4. The carbon capture device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of air holes (43) are radially formed on the edge of the liquid film distributor cover blade (42).

5. The carbon capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A limiting component (24) is provided on the inner wall of the rotating absorption cage (2); When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3) is greater than a rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades (42) are lifted and unfolded upwards with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) and the rotating shaft (3) as a fulcrum, and are locked at the limit component (24); When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3) is less than a rotation speed threshold, the liquid film distributor cover plate blades (42) are tightened downwards with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) and the rotating shaft (3) as a fulcrum.

6. The carbon capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The carbon collector further comprises a rotation speed control module (5), wherein the rotation speed control module (5) is capable of collecting absorption liquid concentration information and liquid level information in the rotating absorption cage (2), and adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3) according to the absorption liquid concentration information and the liquid level information.

7. The carbon capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The carbon capture device further comprises a rich liquid desorption unit, the rich liquid desorption unit comprising a rich liquid storage tank (61), a desorption device (62) and a lean liquid storage tank (63); the lower end of the rotating shaft (3) in the carbon capture device comprises a lower opening (34); the lower opening (34) of the rotating shaft (3) is communicated with the rich liquid storage tank and the lean liquid storage tank respectively; the rich liquid in the rotating absorption cage (2) is discharged through the absorption liquid conveying hole (32) and enters the rich liquid storage tank (61) through the lower opening (34) of the rotating shaft (3); the rich liquid collected in the rich liquid storage tank (61) then enters the desorption device (62) for desorption; the lean liquid obtained after desorption is then conveyed to the lean liquid storage tank (63) and then returns to the rotating absorption cage (2) through the lower opening (34) of the rotating shaft (3) for reuse.

8. The carbon capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The carbon capture device comprises more than two carbon capturers. According to the processing sequence of the carbon-containing gas to be captured, a first-stage supercharging device (7) is arranged on the air intake pipeline of the air chamber (1) of the first carbon capturer, and between two adjacent carbon capturers, the upper opening of the upper end of the rotating shaft (3) in the first carbon capturer is connected to the air intake pipeline of the air chamber (1) of the second carbon capturer, and a second-stage supercharging device (8) is arranged on the air intake pipeline.

9. A method for capturing carbon dioxide, characterized in that: The method is implemented in the carbon capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3) is greater than 90-110 r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) is deployed upward with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) and the rotating shaft (3) as a fulcrum, and reaches the limiting component (24) to be locked; When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3) is less than 950-1100 r / min, the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) is tightened downwards with the connection between the liquid film distributor cover plate (4) and the rotating shaft (3) as a fulcrum; Preferably, when the concentration of the absorption liquid in the rotating absorption cage (2) is greater than 0.9-1.05 g / mL, the rotation speed control module (5) will reduce the rotation speed of the rotating shaft (3).

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