Metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device and method, and belongs to the field of low-pressure casting. The metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with a crucible and a supporting column, the top of the supporting column is fixedly connected with a supporting table, the side wall of the crucible is communicated with an air injection pipe, and the top of the supporting table is fixedly connected with a bottom die; two semicircular side dies are symmetrically arranged on the front portion and the rear portion of the bottom die, an upper die is arranged on the tops of the two side dies, and a liquid rising pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the crucible; according to the invention, the problems of stress and deformation caused by overlarge temperature difference of the mold are reduced, the dimensional precision and surface smoothness of a product are maintained, the product quality is improved, the problem of cracks or deformation on the surface of the mold possibly caused by overhigh cooling speed is prevented, the service life of the mold is further prolonged, and the quality of a casting is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of low-pressure casting, and in particular to a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device. Background Art

[0002] Low-pressure casting refers to a casting method in which a mold is generally placed above a sealed crucible, and compressed air is introduced into the crucible to create a low pressure (0.06-0.15MPa) on the surface of the molten metal, so that the molten metal rises from the riser to fill the mold and control solidification. The prototype of low-pressure casting can be traced back to the beginning of the last century. By utilizing the advantages of high material utilization and easy automation of pouring, the low-pressure casting method has gradually established a solid position as the main casting method for light alloy castings, with automotive parts as the center; aluminum alloy is the most widely used type of non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, and has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, automobile, machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding and chemical industries. With the rapid development of industrial economy, the demand for aluminum alloy welded structural parts is also increasing.

[0003] During the mold forming process, most of the existing aluminum alloy castings need to be cooled and shaped by coolant. Since the sub-zero coolant is directly injected into the mold, although it can quickly cool the casting in the mold, the excessively fast cooling speed may cause cracks or deformation on the mold surface, further reducing the service life of the mold and the quality of the casting. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems in the prior art and to propose a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, comprising a base, the top of the base is respectively fixedly connected to a crucible and a support column, the top of the support column is fixedly connected to a support platform, the side wall of the crucible is connected to an air injection pipe, the top of the support platform is fixedly connected to a bottom mold, the bottom mold is symmetrically provided with two semicircular side molds in the front and back, the tops of the two side molds are provided with upper molds, the top of the crucible is fixedly connected to a liquid riser, the end of the liquid riser passes through the support platform and is located on the upper end surface of the bottom mold, the top of the base is fixedly connected to a cooling mechanism, wherein the cooling mechanism includes a normal temperature water tank and a refrigeration unit fixed to the top of the base The water tank is connected with the side mold through a pipeline, a driving assembly is provided on the top of the refrigeration water tank, a metal hose is fixedly connected to one side of the refrigeration water tank, and the end of the metal hose is connected with the side mold; when the driving assembly moves upward, it is used to extract the coolant in the normal temperature water tank, and the coolant is injected into the side mold through the pipeline for initial cooling, and the coolant in the side mold is transported to the refrigeration water tank for cooling through the metal hose; when the driving assembly moves downward, it is used to extract the coolant in the side mold through the pipeline and transport it to the normal temperature water tank, and the coolant in the refrigeration water tank is injected into the side mold through the metal hose for further cooling.

[0006] Preferably, a heat-insulating barrel is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and the heat-insulating barrel is used to cover and insulate the crucible.

[0007] Preferably, an insulation chamber is provided inside the insulation barrel, a spiral tube is fixedly connected to the inside of the insulation chamber, a connecting tube is fixedly connected to the end of the spiral tube, a three-way valve is connected to the end of the connecting tube, and the three-way valve is fixed on the surface of the metal hose.

[0008] Preferably, a cooling mechanism is provided inside the two side molds, and the cooling mechanism is used to dissipate heat from the inner wall of the side mold.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped heat sinks are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular outer surfaces of the two side molds, and the heat sinks extend into the interior of the side molds. A plurality of arc-shaped slow flow plates are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular inner walls of the two side molds away from the heat sinks, and the slow flow plates and the heat sinks are staggered to form bent cooling channels.

[0010] Preferably, an L-bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the base, a cylinder one is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the L-bracket, an output end of the cylinder one is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold, a cylinder two is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support platform, an output end of the cylinder two is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is fixed to the side wall of the side mold.

[0011] Preferably, a rack is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting plate, a gear is meshingly connected to the surface of the rack, and the gear is fixed directly above the three-way valve.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a reciprocating screw that rotates inside a piston plate through a bearing, a piston plate is provided on the surface of the reciprocating screw, and the piston plate slides on the inner wall of the refrigeration water tank. The top of the reciprocating screw is fixedly connected to a timing pulley 1, and the inner bottom wall of the support platform is rotatably connected to a timing pulley 2 through a driving part, and the timing pulley 2 and the timing pulley 1 rotate through belt meshing.

[0013] Preferably, a floating plate is slidably connected inside the refrigeration water tank, and a refrigerator is fixedly connected to the top of the floating plate.

[0014] A method for low-pressure casting of a metal mold aluminum alloy mainly comprises the following steps: S1. Liquid injection: First, put the molten aluminum liquid into the crucible, and then inject gas into the crucible through the gas injection pipe, so that the aluminum liquid inside the base rises into the liquid riser under low-pressure gas, and then the liquid riser injects the rising aluminum liquid into the preheated mold cavity composed of the bottom mold, side mold and upper mold for molding; S2, cooling and shaping: by setting the normal temperature water tank and the refrigeration water tank, coolant can be injected into both the normal temperature water tank and the refrigeration water tank respectively. The temperature of the coolant in the normal temperature water tank is higher than that of the coolant in the refrigeration water tank. Under the drive of the driving component, the coolant on the inner wall of the normal temperature water tank can be transported to the side mold for cooling and shaping, while the coolant in the side mold is transported to the refrigeration water tank through the metal hose for cooling and lowering the temperature; S3. Demolding: After the aluminum alloy casting is formed, the two side molds on the bottom mold are moved away from each other, and the upper mold is moved upward away from the bottom mold, so as to demold the formed aluminum alloy casting.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device can inject mild coolant into the side mold through the cooperation between the normal temperature water tank, the refrigeration water tank, the drive component and the metal hose. The mild coolant slowly cools the mold. This setting helps to reduce the stress and deformation problems caused by excessive temperature difference in the mold, and helps to maintain the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the product, improve product quality, prevent cracks or deformation on the mold surface caused by excessive cooling speed, and further extend the service life of the mold and the quality of the casting.

[0016] 2. The metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device can preheat the mold after demolding through the cooperation between the insulation cavity, the spiral tube, the connecting tube and the three-way valve. Through this setting, the preheating mold can reduce the viscosity of the aluminum liquid and improve its fluidity, making it easier to fill the small parts and complex structures in the mold cavity of the mold. At the same time, the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold can be reduced, thereby reducing the thermal stress caused by the excessive temperature difference, reducing the risk of defects such as cracks and deformation in the casting, and the preheated mold can reach the working state faster, reducing the production preparation time and improving production efficiency.

[0017] 3. The metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device can extend the circulation speed when the coolant is injected into the mold through the cooperation between the heat dissipation plate, the slow flow plate and the bent cooling channel. Through this setting, the mold can be cooled more evenly, preventing the mold from cooling too fast and failing to evenly absorb the casting surface temperature in time, further improving the casting molding speed.

[0018] The parts not involved in the device are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. The present invention helps to reduce the stress and deformation problems of the mold caused by excessive temperature difference, and helps to maintain the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the product, improve product quality, prevent cracks or deformation on the mold surface caused by excessive cooling speed, and further extend the service life of the mold and the quality of the casting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutaway structure of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a driving component of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling water tank structure of a metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device proposed by the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. base; 11. crucible; 12. gas injection pipe; 13. liquid riser; 2. support platform; 21. bottom mold; 22. side mold; 23. upper mold; 24. L bracket; 25. cylinder one; 26. cylinder two; 27. connecting plate; 28. rack; 29. ​​gear; 3. support column; 4. cooling mechanism; 41. normal temperature water tank; 42. refrigeration water tank; 421. piston plate one; 422. refrigerator; 43. drive assembly; 431. reciprocating screw; 432. piston plate two; 433. timing pulley one; 434. timing pulley two; 44. metal hose; 5. insulation barrel; 51. insulation chamber; 52. spiral tube; 53. connecting pipe; 54. three-way valve; 6. cooling mechanism; 61. heat sink; 62. slow flow plate; 63. bending cooling channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1-Figure 8A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device comprises a base 1, a crucible 11 and a support column 3 are fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a support platform 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the support column 3, a side wall of the crucible 11 is connected to a gas injection pipe 12, a bottom mold 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform 2, two semicircular side molds 22 are symmetrically arranged at the front and back of the bottom mold 21, an upper mold 23 is arranged on the top of the two side molds 22, a liquid riser 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the crucible 11, an end of the liquid riser 13 passes through the support platform 2 and is located at the upper end surface of the bottom mold 21, a cooling mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, wherein the cooling mechanism 4 The base 1 includes a normal temperature water tank 41 and a refrigeration water tank 42 fixed on the top of the base 1. The normal temperature water tank 41 is connected to the side mold 22 through a pipeline. A driving assembly 43 is provided on the top of the refrigeration water tank 42. A metal hose 44 is fixedly connected to one side of the refrigeration water tank 42. The end of the metal hose 44 is connected to the side mold 22. When the driving assembly 43 moves upward, it is used to extract the coolant in the normal temperature water tank 41, and the coolant is injected into the side mold 22 through the pipeline for preliminary cooling. The coolant in the side mold 22 is transported to the refrigeration water tank 42 through the metal hose 44 for cooling. When the driving assembly 43 moves downward, it is used to cool the side mold 22. The internal coolant is extracted through a pipeline and transported to a normal temperature water tank 41. The coolant in the refrigeration water tank 42 is injected into the side mold 22 through a metal hose 44 to cool it down again. The top of the base 1 is fixedly connected to an L bracket 24, and the inner top wall of the L bracket 24 is fixedly connected to a cylinder 1 25. The output end of the cylinder 1 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold 23. The side wall of the support platform 2 is fixedly connected to a cylinder 26, and the output end of the cylinder 26 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 27. The connecting plate 27 is fixed to the side wall of the side mold 22. The inner side of the connecting plate 27 is fixedly connected to a rack 28. The surface of the rack 28 is meshed with a gear 29. The gear 2 9 is fixed just above the three-way valve 54, the driving assembly 43 includes a reciprocating screw 431 that rotates inside a piston plate 432 through a bearing, a piston plate 432 is provided on the surface of the reciprocating screw 431, the piston plate 432 slides on the inner wall of the refrigeration water tank 42, the top of the reciprocating screw 431 is fixedly connected with a timing pulley 1 433, the inner bottom wall of the support platform 2 is rotatably connected with a timing pulley 2 434 through a driving portion, the timing pulley 2 434 and the timing pulley 1 433 are rotated through belt meshing, the interior of the refrigeration water tank 42 is slidably connected with a floating plate 421, and the top of the floating plate 421 is fixedly connected with a refrigerator 422.

[0024] By adopting such a scheme, a mild coolant is injected into the inside of the side mold 22 through the cooling mechanism 4. The mild coolant helps to reduce the stress and deformation problems of the mold caused by excessive temperature difference, and helps to maintain the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the product, improve product quality, and prevent cracks or deformation problems on the mold surface caused by excessive cooling speed, further extending the service life of the mold and the quality of the casting.

[0025] In specific operation, molten aluminum liquid is first injected into the crucible 11, and then compressed gas is input into the crucible 11 through the gas injection pipe 12 to form pressure on the surface of the aluminum liquid, so that the aluminum liquid passes through the riser pipe 13 and enters the preheating mold cavity composed of the bottom mold 21, two side molds 22 and the upper mold 23; During the molding process of the casting in the mold cavity, the cooling liquid can be injected into the side mold 22 through the cooling mechanism 4, so as to speed up the molding efficiency of the casting in the mold cavity; Under the drive of the driving assembly 43 above the normal temperature water tank 41, the driving part drives the rotation of the timing pulley 2 434, and can drive the timing pulley 1 433 and the reciprocating screw 431 to rotate synchronously in turn under the action of the belt. Under the rotation of the reciprocating screw 431, the piston plate 432 can be moved upward inside the normal temperature water tank 41. When the piston plate 432 moves upward, the normal temperature coolant in the normal temperature water tank 41 can be squeezed and injected into the side mold 22. By injecting the normal temperature coolant into the side mold 22, the casting composed of the mold can be gently cooled down. The original coolant in the side mold 22 will be transported to the inside of the cooling water tank 42 through the metal hose 44. Under the drive of the refrigerator 422 on the top of the floating plate 421 inside the cooling water tank 42, the coolant injected into the cooling water tank 42 can be cooled. When the piston plate 432 on the surface of the reciprocating screw 431 moves downward, the coolant in the side mold 22 will be drawn into the normal temperature water tank 41, and the cooled coolant can be injected into the side mold 22 through the metal hose 44 in the refrigeration water tank 42 for further cooling treatment. When the piston plate 432 reciprocates on the surface of the reciprocating screw 431, the side mold 22 can be continuously cooled. Under continuous, gentle and slow cooling, it helps to reduce the stress and deformation problems of the mold caused by excessive temperature difference, and helps to maintain the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the product, improve product quality, prevent cracks or deformation problems on the mold surface caused by excessive cooling speed, and further extend the service life of the mold and the quality of the casting.

[0026] After the casting in the mold cavity is formed, the compressed gas is stopped to allow the aluminum liquid in the riser 13 to flow back into the crucible 11, and then the cylinder 1 25 on the L bracket 24 is started to drive the upper mold 23 to rise away from the bottom mold 21. At the same time, the two cylinders 26 drive the side mold 22 fixed by the connecting plate 27 to move to one side, so as to move the two side molds 22 away from each other, thereby completing the demolding of the molded casting.

[0027] In addition, the driving part is a servo motor, and an air leakage hole is provided at the bottom of the normal temperature water tank 41.

[0028] In one embodiment, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3A heat preservation barrel 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, and the heat preservation barrel 5 is used to cover and insulate the crucible 11. A heat preservation chamber 51 is opened inside the heat preservation barrel 5, and a spiral tube 52 is fixedly connected to the inside of the heat preservation chamber 51. The end of the spiral tube 52 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 53, and the end of the connecting pipe 53 is connected to a three-way valve 54, which is fixed on the surface of the metal hose 44.

[0029] With such a solution, the heat preservation barrel 5 can be provided to cover the four sides of the crucible 11 , thereby keeping the crucible 11 warm and delaying the dissipation of heat outside the crucible 11 .

[0030] In specific operation, the heat preservation barrel 5 is covered on the crucible 11 to insulate the surface of the crucible 11. Then, the spiral tube 52 can be installed in the heat preservation cavity 51 through the opening of the heat preservation cavity 51 inside the heat preservation barrel 5. The heat dissipated by the crucible 11 can be transferred to the heat preservation barrel 5 and the spiral tube 52. Under the heat transfer, the coolant in the spiral tube 52 can be heated to a temperature of several tens of degrees. The heated coolant in the spiral tube 52 can be injected into the three-way valve 54 through the connecting pipe 53. When the three-way valve 54 is switched, During demoulding, the cylinder 26 drives the connecting plate 27 to move to one side, and the connecting plate 27 drives the rack 28 to move synchronously. The gear 29 can be rotated by the displacement of the rack 28. Since the gear 29 is fixed on the three-way valve 54, the valve port of the three-way valve 54 is switched, and the three-way valve 54 and the coolant in the spiral tube 52 are circulated. On the contrary, the three-way valve 54 and the coolant in the refrigeration water tank 42 are blocked, so that the heated coolant can be injected into the side mold 22 through the metal hose 44, so that the coolant can be heated by several tens of degrees. The coolant performs preheating treatment on the side mold 22, so that after the preheated side mold 22 is closed, when the aluminum liquid is injected again, the preheated mold can reduce the viscosity of the aluminum liquid and improve its fluidity, making it easier to fill the small parts and complex structures in the mold cavity of the mold. At the same time, it can reduce the temperature difference between the aluminum liquid and the mold, thereby reducing the thermal stress caused by the large temperature difference, reducing the risk of defects such as cracks and deformation in the casting, and the preheated mold can reach the working state faster, reducing the production preparation time and improving production efficiency.

[0031] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 A cooling mechanism 6 is provided inside the two side molds 22, and the cooling mechanism 6 is used to dissipate heat from the inner wall of the side mold 22. A plurality of arc-shaped heat dissipation plates 61 are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular outer side surfaces of the two side molds 22, and the heat dissipation plates 61 penetrate into the inside of the side molds 22. A plurality of arc-shaped slow flow plates 62 are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular inner walls of the two side molds 22 away from the heat dissipation plates 61, and the slow flow plates 62 and the heat dissipation plates 61 are staggered to form a bent cooling channel 63.

[0032] By adopting such a scheme, under the setting of the cooling mechanism 6, when the external coolant is injected into the side mold 22, the time of the coolant in the side mold 22 can be extended. By circulating the coolant under the extended time, the casting in the mold cavity is cooled, the speed of casting molding is increased, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0033] During specific operation, the heat sink 61 and the slow flow plate 62 are fixed vertically and equidistantly in the side mold 22. When the coolant enters the side mold 22, it will pass through the heat sink 61 and the bent cooling channel 63 to form a bent cooling channel 63, thereby extending the coolant time inside the side mold 22 to cool the casting in the mold cavity, further improving the molding speed of the casting, and under the setting of the heat sink 61, the temperature of the surface of the side mold 22 can also be transferred to the outside for heat dissipation.

[0034] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal mold aluminum alloy low-pressure casting device, comprising a base (1), the top of the base (1) is respectively fixedly connected to a crucible (11) and a support column (3), the top of the support column (3) is fixedly connected to a support platform (2), the side wall of the crucible (11) is connected to a gas injection pipe (12), the top of the support platform (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom mold (21), the bottom mold (21) is symmetrically provided with two semicircular side molds (22) at the front and rear, and the tops of the two side molds (22) are provided with an upper mold (23), the top of the crucible (11) is fixedly connected to a liquid riser (13), the end of the liquid riser (13) passes through the support platform (2) and is located on the upper end surface of the bottom mold (21), characterized in that: A cooling mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), wherein the cooling mechanism (4) comprises a normal temperature water tank (41) and a refrigeration water tank (42) fixed to the top of the base (1), the normal temperature water tank (41) and the side mold (22) are connected via a pipeline, a driving assembly (43) is provided on the top of the refrigeration water tank (42), a metal hose (44) is fixedly connected to one side of the refrigeration water tank (42), and an end of the metal hose (44) is connected to the side mold (22); When the driving component (43) moves upward, it is used to extract the cooling liquid in the normal temperature water tank (41), and the cooling liquid is injected into the side mold (22) through the pipeline for preliminary cooling, and the cooling liquid in the side mold (22) is transported to the refrigeration water tank (42) through the metal hose (44) for cooling; When the driving assembly (43) moves downward, the cooling liquid in the side mold (22) is extracted through the pipeline and transported to the normal temperature water tank (41), and the cooling liquid in the refrigeration water tank (42) is injected into the side mold (22) through the metal hose (44) to cool it down again.

2. A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating barrel (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), and the heat-insulating barrel (5) is used to cover and insulate the crucible (11).

3. A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-insulating barrel (5) has a heat-insulating chamber (51) formed inside, a spiral tube (52) is fixedly connected to the inside of the heat-insulating chamber (51), a connecting tube (53) is fixedly connected to the end of the spiral tube (52), a three-way valve (54) is connected to the end of the connecting tube (53), and the three-way valve (54) is fixed to the surface of the metal hose (44).

4. The metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cooling mechanism (6) is provided inside each of the two side molds (22), and the cooling mechanism (6) is used to dissipate heat from the inner wall of the side mold (22).

5. The metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped heat sinks (61) are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular outer side surfaces of the two side molds (22), and the heat sinks (61) penetrate into the inside of the side molds (22). A plurality of arc-shaped slow flow plates (62) are vertically and equidistantly fixed on the annular inner walls of the two side molds (22) away from the heat sinks (61), and a bent cooling channel (63) is formed by interlacing the slow flow plates (62) and the heat sinks (61).

6. A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected to an L bracket (24), the inner top wall of the L bracket (24) is fixedly connected to a cylinder 1 (25), the output end of the cylinder 1 (25) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper mold (23), the side wall of the support platform (2) is fixedly connected to a cylinder 2 (26), the output end of the cylinder 2 (26) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (27), and the connecting plate (27) is fixed to the side wall of the side mold (22).

7. A metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rack (28) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the connecting plate (27), and a gear (29) is meshingly connected to the surface of the rack (28). The gear (29) is fixed directly above the three-way valve (54).

8. The metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (43) comprises a reciprocating screw (431) which rotates inside a second piston plate (432) via a bearing, a second piston plate (432) being provided on the surface of the reciprocating screw (431), the second piston plate (432) sliding on the inner wall of the refrigeration water tank (42), a timing pulley (433) being fixedly connected to the top of the reciprocating screw (431), a second timing pulley (434) being rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the support platform (2) via a driving unit, and the second timing pulley (434) and the first timing pulley (433) being rotated via a belt meshing.

9. The metal mold aluminum alloy low pressure casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the refrigeration water tank (42) is slidably connected to a piston plate 1 (421), and the top of the piston plate 1 (421) is fixedly connected to a refrigeration machine (422).

10. A method for low-pressure casting of aluminum alloy using a metal mold, comprising the low-pressure casting device for aluminum alloy using a metal mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main steps include: S1, liquid injection: firstly, the molten aluminum liquid is placed in the crucible (11), and then gas is injected into the crucible (11) through the gas injection pipe (12), so that the aluminum liquid inside the base (1) rises into the liquid riser (13) under the low-pressure gas, and then the liquid riser (13) injects the rising aluminum liquid into the preheated mold cavity composed of the bottom mold (21), the side mold (22) and the upper mold (23) for molding; S2, cooling and shaping: by setting the normal temperature water tank (41) and the refrigeration water tank (42), coolant can be respectively injected into the normal temperature water tank (41) and the refrigeration water tank (42), the temperature of the coolant in the normal temperature water tank (41) is higher than the temperature of the coolant in the refrigeration water tank (42), and under the drive of the driving component (43), the coolant on the inner wall of the normal temperature water tank (41) can be transported to the side mold (22) for cooling and shaping, while the coolant in the side mold (22) is transported to the refrigeration water tank (42) through the metal hose (44) for cooling and lowering the temperature; S3, demoulding: after the aluminum alloy casting is formed, the two side molds (22) on the bottom mold (21) are moved away from each other, and the upper mold (23) is moved upward away from the bottom mold (21), so as to demould the formed aluminum alloy casting.

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