Self-gas-stirring partition plate type efficient anaerobic bioreactor and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-gas-stirring partition plate type efficient anaerobic bioreactor and a method, and belongs to the field of nitrogen and sulfur-containing organic wastewater biological treatment devices. The reactor sequentially comprises a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone, a third reaction zone and a three-phase separation zone which are communicated with one another from bottom to top. Anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated in the first reaction zone for hydrolytic acidification reaction; anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions is inoculated in the second reaction area, and nitrate and sulfate reduction reaction is carried out. Anaerobic activated sludge with a methanogenesis function is inoculated in the third reaction area, and a methanogenesis reaction is carried out. The three reaction zones are separated by ecological partition plates to ensure water and air permeability and no mud permeability. According to the reactor, the ecological partition plates are arranged to realize anaerobic reaction function division, and multiple components in complex organic wastewater are synergistically removed, so that the pollutant removal efficiency is improved; the flow state in the reactor is improved through self-produced gas backflow, the mass transfer and detoxification effects are enhanced, and the decontamination effect and stability of the reactor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of biological treatment devices for nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic wastewater, and particularly relates to a self-aeration-stirring baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and a method. Background Art

[0002] Coal is an important component of China's primary energy, accounting for about 65-70% of total primary energy consumption. However, coal is also one of the typical high-water-consuming industries. Coal chemical wastewater is a typical difficult-to-degrade industrial wastewater produced by various coal processing processes, with the characteristics of high organic matter, high ammonia nitrogen, high sulfate, etc. Among them, organic matter often contains a variety of toxic substances, including phenols, nitrogen-containing heterocycles (NHCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), etc., of which phenols often account for as much as 50-60%. Anaerobic biological treatment is widely used in coal chemical wastewater treatment due to its economy and high efficiency, but it also faces difficulties such as complex bacterial structure in the anaerobic degradation process caused by complex pollutants in wastewater, easy accumulation of toxic intermediates, and limited biological metabolic activity.

[0003] For complex pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in organic wastewater, biological treatment processes often include anaerobic digestion, denitrification, and sulfate reduction. Specifically, anaerobic digestion includes hydrolysis and acidification, hydrogen and acetic acid production, and methanogenesis; denitrification is the process by which nitrates are reduced to nitrogen gas from organic matter by denitrifying microorganisms; and sulfate reduction is the process by which sulfate is reduced to H2S from organic or inorganic matter by sulfate-reducing microorganisms. It is important to note that sulfide is not only corrosive to metals but also toxic and inhibitory to bacterial flora, making it a difficult problem that urgently needs to be addressed in anaerobic biological treatment.

[0004] Faced with the reality of the coexistence of complex pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur in wastewater from coal chemical industries, as well as the different process characteristics of biological treatment reactions of various pollutants, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of high-efficiency anaerobic biological device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and method. The setting of ecological baffles realizes functional zoning of anaerobic reactions, synergistically removes multiple components in complex organic wastewater, and improves the efficiency of pollutant removal. The setting of self-generated gas selective reflux realizes the improvement of the flow state in the reactor, strengthens the mass transfer and detoxification effects, and improves the decontamination effect and stability of the reactor. The compact structure of the device realizes functional synergy, solving the problem of efficient biological treatment of wastewater from industries such as coal chemical industry containing complex pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur.

[0006] The specific technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-aeration-stirring baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor, wherein the anaerobic bioreactor comprises, from bottom to top, a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone, a third reaction zone, and a three-phase separation zone that are interconnected;

[0008] The bottom of the first reaction zone of the anaerobic bioreactor is an arc-shaped structure, and a mud discharge port is provided at the lowest part of the arc structure; a return water inlet and a water inlet pipe are also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone, and the return water inlet and the water inlet pipe are opened at the same height; a water distributor is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe located inside the first reaction zone; a first air inlet pipe is also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone, and the first air inlet pipe is located above the return water inlet, and an air distributor is provided at one end of the first air inlet pipe located inside the first reaction zone; anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone to serve as a first reaction chamber;

[0009] An A-type ecological partition is provided between the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone to separate the anaerobic granular sludge; a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the A-type ecological partition, the bottom of the cylinders is connected to the A-type ecological partition, and the cylinders contain the A-type filler area. The side walls of the cylinders are provided with a plurality of A-type partition water distribution ports for water permeability; a second air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone; and the interior of the second reaction zone is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions to serve as a second reaction chamber;

[0010] A B ecological partition is provided between the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone for separating the anaerobic granular sludge; a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition, the bottom of the cylinders is connected to the B ecological partition, and the cylinders are provided with a B filler area, and a plurality of B partition water outlets for water permeability are provided on the side walls of the cylinders; a third air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone; and the interior of the third reaction zone is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge with a methane-producing function as a third reaction chamber;

[0011] An air collecting channel is provided inside the three-phase separation zone, and an inclined guide plate is provided at the bottom of the air collecting channel. The connection between the bottom of the air collecting channel and the guide plate constitutes a solid phase precipitation zone; an exhaust pipe connected to the outside is provided at the top of the air collecting channel, and a reflux air pipe is provided on the exhaust pipe, which respectively constitutes an air intake pipeline with the first air intake pipe, the second air intake pipe and the third air intake pipe; a pressure control valve for adjusting the reflux and discharge amounts of gas is also provided on the exhaust pipe; a reflux outlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separation zone; the opening height of the reflux outlet pipe is higher than the guide plate, and the reflux outlet pipe is connected to the reflux water inlet in the first reaction zone to constitute an external circulation; the solid phase precipitation zone in the three-phase separation zone is connected to the outlet weir through a mud guard, and an outlet is provided on the side wall of the outlet weir.

[0012] Preferably, the volume ratio of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone, the third reaction zone and the three-phase separation zone is (1-2):1:1:(2-4).

[0013] Preferably, a first sampling tube, a second sampling tube and a third sampling tube are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone; the first sampling tube and the first air inlet pipe are arranged at the same height, the second sampling tube and the second air inlet pipe are arranged at the same height, and the third sampling tube and the third air inlet pipe are arranged at the same height.

[0014] Furthermore, the first sampling pipe and the first air inlet pipe are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the first reaction chamber; the second sampling pipe and the second air inlet pipe are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber; the third sampling pipe and the third air inlet pipe are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the setting height of the A ecological partition is 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor; the setting height of the B ecological partition is 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

[0016] Preferably, the apertures of the water distribution inlets of the A partition plate and the B partition plate are 2 to 3 mm.

[0017] Preferably, both filler area A and filler area B use pebbles as fillers to block anaerobic granular sludge.

[0018] Preferably, the inclination angle α of the guide plate is 50-60°; the inclination angle β of the bottom of the outlet weir is 50-60°.

[0019] Preferably, the centers of the water distributor, the gas distributor, the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, the third reaction chamber, the gas collecting channel and the exhaust pipe are located on the same vertical axis.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for utilizing the self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor described in the first aspect, which is specifically as follows:

[0021] S1: inoculating anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone of the anaerobic bioreactor, inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions in the second reaction zone, and inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenesis function in the third reaction zone;

[0022] S2: The wastewater to be treated enters the first reaction chamber through the water inlet pipe and the water distributor. Under the regulation of the pressure control valve, the mixed gas from the gas collecting channel passes through the exhaust pipe, the return air pipe, the first air inlet pipe, and the air distributor, and is evenly distributed into the first reaction chamber. In the first reaction chamber, the organic matter in the wastewater to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small molecular organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge.

[0023] S3: The sewage treated in the first reaction chamber enters the second reaction chamber through the A ecological partition, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the first reaction chamber. In the second reaction chamber, the anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions reduces the nitrate and sulfate in the sewage into nitrogen and sulfur-containing gases.

[0024] S4: After being treated in the second reaction chamber, the sewage, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing gases enter the third reaction chamber through the B ecological partition, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the second reaction chamber by the B ecological partition. In the third reaction chamber, the small molecular organic matter in the sewage is digested by the anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenic function to produce methane.

[0025] S5: After being treated in the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber and the third reaction chamber, a mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gas and methane is generated and collected by the gas collecting channel through the guide plate; the mixed gas is regulated by the pressure control valve, and part of it passes through the reflux air pipe and flows back to the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber and the third reaction chamber respectively through the first air inlet pipe, the second air inlet pipe and the third air inlet pipe, and the rest is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe; part of the treated sewage is circulated to the reflux inlet through the reflux outlet pipe, and the rest is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the outlet weir.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The self-aerated baffled high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention is divided into zones longitudinally within the reactor by the deployment of ecological baffles. The first reaction zone decomposes refractory organic matter, the second reaction zone reduces nitrates and sulfates, and the third reaction zone utilizes the remaining organic matter for anaerobic digestion to generate energy. This device achieves targeted enhancement of refractory organic pollutants, facilitates the formation of a specific bacterial habitat, and achieves the coordinated treatment of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.

[0028] (2) In the self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention, N2, H2S, and CH4 produced by the reactions in the second and third reaction zones are collected through a gas collection channel and filtered as reflux gas, thereby promoting sludge disturbance in the three reaction zones, thereby improving mass transfer efficiency and saving energy. Furthermore, the reflux gas ratio of the pressure control valve and the three air inlet pipes can be controlled.

[0029] (3) The self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention is provided with an ecological baffle between the three functional zones, with water distribution micropores attached thereon, and suitable fillers are piled in the filler zone, which prevents sludge mixing between the zones while allowing water and air to pass through to reduce blockage.

[0030] (4) In the self-aeration baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention, the guide plate is connected to the gas collection channel, and the organic matter return pipe is higher than the guide plate, which is conducive to the natural sedimentation of sludge and also facilitates gas collection, avoiding the problem of clogging of the return pipe;

[0031] In general, the self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention integrates reflux water, reflux gas, sedimentation, gas collection, regulation and zoning, has a compact structure, saves energy and reduces consumption, occupies a small area, and is suitable for coal chemical wastewater treatment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of an anaerobic bioreactor provided in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 aa cross-section;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Middle bb cross-section;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Detailed cross-section of the ecological partition in the middle A (the dotted line portion is the state without filler);

[0036] In the figure: the first reaction zone I, the second reaction zone II, the third reaction zone III, the three-phase separation zone IV, the mud discharge port 1, the reflux water inlet 2, the water distributor 3, the water inlet pipe 4, the air distributor 5, the first air inlet pipe 6, the first sampling pipe 7, the first reaction chamber 8, the A ecological baffle 9, the A filling area 10, the A baffle water distribution port 11, the second air inlet pipe 12, the second reaction chamber 13, the second sampling pipe 14, the B ecological baffle 15, the B filling area 16, the B baffle water distribution port 17, the third air inlet pipe 18, the third sampling pipe 19, the third reaction chamber 20, the guide plate 21, the gas collecting channel 22, the solid phase precipitation zone 23, the reflux outlet pipe 24, the mud guard 25, the water outlet weir 26, the water outlet 27, the reflux air pipe 28, the exhaust pipe 29, and the pressure control valve 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical features of each embodiment of the present invention may be combined accordingly, provided that there is no conflict between them.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a self-air-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor. The anaerobic bioreactor is composed of a first reaction zone I, a second reaction zone II, a third reaction zone III and a three-phase separation zone IV, which are interconnected from bottom to top. In actual application, in order to better achieve the coordinated treatment effect of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur in complex organic wastewater, the volume ratio of the first reaction zone I, the second reaction zone II, the third reaction zone III and the three-phase separation zone IV is (1-2): 1: 1: (2-4). The various structures and connection methods of the device will be described in detail below.

[0039] In the device provided herein, the first reaction zone I of the anaerobic bioreactor has an arc-shaped bottom structure. A sludge outlet 1 is located at the lowest point of the arc structure for regular sludge discharge. A return water inlet 2 and an inlet pipe 4 are also provided on the sidewall of the first reaction zone I. The return water inlet 2 and the inlet pipe 4 are located at equal heights. A water distributor 3 is installed at one end of the inlet pipe 4 within the first reaction zone I, evenly distributing the treated wastewater within the first reaction zone I. A first air inlet pipe 6 is also provided on the sidewall of the first reaction zone I. This first air inlet pipe 6 is located above the return water inlet 2 and an air distributor 5 is installed at one end of the inlet pipe 6 within the first reaction zone I, evenly distributing the mixed gas within the first reaction zone I. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a first sampling pipe 7 is also provided on the sidewall of the first reaction zone I to facilitate sampling and analysis. The first sampling pipe 7 and the first air inlet pipe 6 are located at equal heights, each located between one-third and one-half the height of the first reaction chamber 8.

[0040] Anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone I to serve as the first reaction chamber 8. The hydrolytic acidifying bacteria in the anaerobic granular sludge can hydrolyze the refractory organic matter in the wastewater to be treated into easily degradable small molecular organic matter, which then produces volatile fatty acids through fermentation and acidification under the action of intracellular enzymes.

[0041] In the device provided by the present invention, an ecological partition A 9 for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the first reaction zone I and the second reaction zone II. Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the first reaction zone I and the second reaction zone II provided in this embodiment. The structure of the A ecological partition 9 is as follows Figure 4 As shown. Ecological baffle A 9 is provided with several upwardly projecting cylinders, the bottoms of which are connected to ecological baffle A 9. Within these cylinders is a filler area 10, and the sidewalls of these cylinders are provided with several water-permeable A baffle water outlets 11. In this embodiment, pebbles can be used as filler in filler area 10. Therefore, the treated wastewater in the first reaction zone I can flow upward through ecological baffle A 9 into the second reaction zone II for subsequent reaction, while the anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone I is retained by ecological baffle A 9.

[0042] A second air inlet pipe 12 is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone II, and is positioned higher than the A ecological partition 9. A second sampling pipe 14 is also provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone II to facilitate sampling and analysis. The second sampling pipe 14 and the second air inlet pipe 12 are positioned at the same height, at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber 13.

[0043] Anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate-reduction capabilities is inoculated inside the second reaction zone II, serving as the second reaction chamber 13. Unlike the first reaction chamber 8, the bacterial flora in the second reaction chamber 13 is specialized due to the partitioning of the A ecological partition 9. Denitrifying and sulfate-reducing bacteria are abundant, relying on the small molecular organic matter produced in the first reaction zone I as a carbon source. Nitrates and sulfates in the wastewater are converted into ammonium salts and H2S, respectively.

[0044] In the device provided by the present invention, a B ecological partition 15 is provided between the second reaction zone II and the third reaction zone III to separate the anaerobic granular sludge. Several upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition 15, the bottoms of which are connected to the B ecological partition 15. Within the cylinders is a B filling area 16, and the side walls of the cylinders are provided with several B partition water distribution ports 17 for water permeability. In this embodiment, pebbles can be used as filler in the B filling area 16. Therefore, the treated sewage in the second reaction zone II can flow upward through the B ecological partition 15 into the third reaction zone III for subsequent reaction, while the anaerobic granular sludge is intercepted by the B ecological partition 15.

[0045] Here, the functions of the A ecological partition 9 and the B ecological partition 15 are mainly divided into two aspects: on the one hand, the A ecological partition 9 and the B ecological partition 15 can form ecological zones, provide specific habitats for the bacterial communities in each reaction zone, and maintain the enrichment and cultivation of functional bacteria in each reaction zone and functional specialization; on the other hand, the A ecological partition 9 and the B ecological partition 15 are provided with the A partition water outlet 11 and the B partition water outlet 17, which are permeable to water and air but not to mud. While maintaining the return air disturbance to improve the mass transfer efficiency, the sludge circulation can be limited to a specific area, reducing most of the interference except for the new and decomposed sludge.

[0046] It should be noted that the material of the A ecological partition 9 and the B ecological partition 15 can be a hydrophilic material, the size of the A partition water outlet 11 and the B partition water outlet 17 can be set according to the sludge characteristics, and the filler can be set according to the characteristics of the wastewater and sludge to be treated. In this embodiment, the aperture of the A partition water outlet 11 and the B partition water outlet 17 is set to 2mm, which has a good effect of intercepting anaerobic granular sludge. If those skilled in the art use other granular sludge, they can determine the aperture size according to the particle size. In this embodiment, the setting height of the A ecological partition 9 is 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor, and the setting height of the B ecological partition 15 is 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

[0047] A third air inlet pipe 18 is provided on the sidewall of the third reaction zone III, at a height higher than the B ecological partition 15. A third sampling pipe 19 is also provided on the sidewall of the third reaction zone III to facilitate sampling and analysis. The third sampling pipe 19 and the third air inlet pipe 18 are positioned at the same height, at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber 20.

[0048] The third reaction zone III is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge capable of producing methanogens, serving as the third reaction chamber 20. Unlike the first and second reaction chambers 8 and 13, the third reaction chamber 20 is rich in methanogens. After the degradation of recalcitrant organic matter in the first reaction zone I and carbon source utilization in the second reaction zone II, the remaining residue, mostly small volatile fatty acids, is converted into acetic acid and H2 by hydrogen-producing and acetogenic bacteria, which are then used by the methanogens to generate CH4.

[0049] The third reaction zone III is located at the top of the anaerobic bioreactor and has two main functions: on the one hand, methanogens are greatly affected by pH and are not easily able to withstand the impact of complex toxic organic wastewater, and functional bacteria find it difficult to directly utilize difficult-to-degrade organic matter; on the other hand, due to the setting of the B ecological partition 15, the anaerobic granular sludge is confined to the circulation within the partition, which is conducive to the formation of a specific habitat for methanogens and the increase of bacterial abundance.

[0050] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the three-phase separation zone IV provided in this embodiment. A gas collection channel 22 is provided within the three-phase separation zone IV. An inclined guide plate 21 is provided at the bottom of the gas collection channel 22. The inclination angle α of the guide plate 21 can be set to 50-60°. The connection between the bottom of the gas collection channel 22 and the guide plate 21 forms a solid-phase precipitation zone 23. The solid-phase precipitation zone 23 has a downwardly tapering structure. Sludge in the solid-phase precipitation zone 23 settles downward through the guide plate 21 and is recovered into the third reaction chamber 20.

[0051] An exhaust pipe 29, connected to the outside world, is located at the top of the gas collection channel 22. The exhaust pipe 29 is also equipped with a return pipe 28 and a pressure control valve 30. The return pipe 28, together with the first, second, and third inlet pipes 6, 12, and 18, forms a circulating air intake circuit. The pressure control valve 30 regulates the amount of mixed gas that flows back through the first, second, and third inlet pipes 6, 12, and 18 into the first, second, and third reaction chambers 8, 13, and 20, respectively, as well as the amount of mixed gas that exits the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe 29.

[0052] A reflux outlet pipe 24 is installed on the sidewall of three-phase separation zone IV. This pipe is located higher than the guide plate 21 and is connected to the reflux inlet 2 in the first reaction zone I, forming an external loop. Reflux water enters the first reaction chamber 8, alleviating the impact of the incoming water load. The solid phase precipitation zone 23 in three-phase separation zone IV is connected to an outlet weir 26 via a fender 25. An outlet 27 is located on the sidewall of the weir 26. The inclination angle β at the bottom of the weir 26 can be set to 50-60°.

[0053] In this embodiment, the centers of the water distributor 3 , the gas distributor 5 , the first reaction chamber 8 , the second reaction chamber 13 , the third reaction chamber 20 , the gas collecting channel 22 and the exhaust pipe 29 are located on the same vertical axis.

[0054] The specific method for treating sewage using the self-aerated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0055] S1: Anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated in the first reaction zone I of the anaerobic bioreactor, anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions is inoculated in the second reaction zone II, and anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenesis function is inoculated in the third reaction zone III, which is beneficial to sewage treatment.

[0056] S2: The wastewater to be treated enters the first reaction chamber 8 through the water inlet pipe 4 and the water distributor 3. The mixed gas from the gas collecting channel 22 is regulated by the pressure control valve 30 and passes through the exhaust pipe 29, the return gas pipe 28, the first air inlet pipe 6, and the air distributor 5, and is evenly distributed into the first reaction chamber 8, thereby disturbing the sludge and improving the mass transfer efficiency. In the first reaction chamber 8, the organic matter in the wastewater to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small molecular organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge.

[0057] S3: After treatment in first reaction chamber 8, wastewater enters second reaction chamber 13 through ecological baffle A 9, while anaerobic granular sludge is retained in first reaction chamber 8. In second reaction chamber 13, anaerobic activated sludge, capable of denitrification and sulfate reduction, uses the aforementioned small organic matter as a carbon source to reduce nitrates and sulfates in the wastewater into nitrogen and sulfur-containing gases. Return gas enters through second air inlet pipe 12, agitating the sludge and improving mass transfer efficiency.

[0058] S4: After treatment in the second reaction chamber 13, the wastewater, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing gases enter the third reaction chamber 20 through ecological baffle B 15, while the anaerobic granular sludge is trapped in the second reaction chamber 13 by ecological baffle B 15. In the third reaction chamber 20, the refractory organic matter is decomposed in the first reaction zone I and utilized as a carbon source in the second reaction zone II. The remaining fraction is mostly small volatile fatty acids. These small volatile fatty acids in the wastewater are converted into acetic acid and H2 by hydrogen-producing and acetogenic bacteria, which are then used by methanogens to produce CH4. Return gas enters through the third inlet pipe 18 to agitate the sludge and improve mass transfer efficiency.

[0059] S5: After treatment in the first, second, and third reaction chambers 8, 13, and 20, a mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gases, and methane is generated, which is collected by the guide plate 21 and the gas collection channel 22. The mixed gas is regulated by the pressure control valve 30, and a portion of it passes through the return gas pipe 28 and is returned to the first, second, and third reaction chambers 8, 13, and 20, respectively, through the first, second, and third inlet pipes 6, 12, and 18. The return gas ratio can be adjusted according to the reaction efficiency of each zone to save energy and increase efficiency. The remaining portion is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe 29. A portion of the treated wastewater is circulated to the return water inlet 2 through the return water outlet pipe 24, and the remaining portion is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the outlet weir 26 and the outlet 27.

[0060] After the above treatment, the organic loading rate (OLR) of the anaerobic bioreactor with baffles is greater than 100 kg / m 3 ·d, much higher than the 45kg / m3 of conventional reactors 3 ·d, anaerobic granular sludge forms an ecological distribution in the reactor.

[0061] The anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention integrates the carbon, nitrogen and sulfur removal processes of difficult-to-degrade organic wastewater, and couples the three processes of denitrification, sulfur reduction and methanogenesis. In this process, the difficult-to-degrade organic matter is decomposed and used as a carbon source, and provides electron donors for the denitrification and sulfate reduction in the second reaction zone. Denitrifying bacteria reduce nitrates in sewage to produce N2 and ammonium salts through denitrification, and sulfate-reducing bacteria use organic matter as a carbon source to reduce sulfate to produce H2S gas. The mixed gas is collected through the gas collection channel and filtered, and then transported to the three reaction zones through the reflux gas pipe for aeration. The mud-water mixture is precipitated in the solid phase precipitation zone, so that the sludge returns to the third reaction chamber through the guide plate, and part of the sewage re-enters the first reaction chamber through the reflux outlet pipe for circulation, thereby achieving efficient removal of pollutants.

[0062] Ecological partitions are set up in the anaerobic biological reaction zone to form ecological zones. By controlling the balance of organic matter consumption, the three reaction zones can reasonably utilize the substrate for step-by-step degradation, saving energy and reducing consumption to improve sewage treatment efficiency. At the same time, it is conducive to the formation of exclusive habitats for microorganisms and the improvement of the detoxification efficiency of specific pollutants in difficult-to-degrade wastewater. It is suitable for coal chemical wastewater treatment.

[0063] The embodiment described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Persons skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor, characterized in that: The anaerobic bioreactor comprises, from bottom to top, a first reaction zone (I), a second reaction zone (II), a third reaction zone (III) and a three-phase separation zone (IV) which are interconnected; The bottom of the first reaction zone (I) of the anaerobic bioreactor is an arc-shaped structure, and a mud discharge port (1) is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped structure; a return water inlet (2) and a water inlet pipe (4) are also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone (I), and the return water inlet (2) and the water inlet pipe (4) are provided at the same height; a water distributor (3) is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe (4) located inside the first reaction zone (I); a first air inlet pipe (6) is also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone (I), and the first air inlet pipe (6) is located above the return water inlet (2), and an air distributor (5) is provided at one end of the first air inlet pipe (6) located inside the first reaction zone (I); anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone (I) as a first reaction chamber (8); An A ecological partition (9) for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the first reaction zone (I) and the second reaction zone (II); a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the A ecological partition (9); the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the A ecological partition (9); the cylinder is an A filler area (10); a plurality of A partition water outlets (11) for water permeability are provided on the side wall of the cylinder; a second air inlet pipe (12) is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone (II); the second reaction zone (II) is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge having denitrification and sulfate reduction functions as a second reaction chamber (13); A B ecological partition (15) for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the second reaction zone (II) and the third reaction zone (III); a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition (15); the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the B ecological partition (15); the cylinder is a B filling zone (16); a plurality of B partition water outlets (17) for water permeability are provided on the side wall of the cylinder; a third air inlet pipe (18) is provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone (III); the anaerobic activated sludge with a methane-producing function is inoculated inside the third reaction zone (III) as a third reaction chamber (20); The three-phase separation zone (IV) is provided with a gas collecting channel (22) inside, and an inclined guide plate (21) is provided at the bottom of the gas collecting channel (22), and the connection between the bottom of the gas collecting channel (22) and the guide plate (21) forms a solid phase precipitation zone (23); the top of the gas collecting channel (22) is provided with an exhaust pipe (29) connected to the outside, and the exhaust pipe (29) is also provided with a return air pipe (28) which respectively forms an intake pipeline with the first intake pipe (6), the second intake pipe (12), and the third intake pipe (18); the exhaust pipe (29 ) is also provided with a pressure control valve (30) for adjusting the gas reflux and discharge amounts; a reflux outlet pipe (24) is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separation zone (IV); the opening height of the reflux outlet pipe (24) is higher than the guide plate (21), and the reflux outlet pipe (24) is connected to the reflux water inlet (2) in the first reaction zone (I) to form an external circulation; the solid phase precipitation zone (23) in the three-phase separation zone (IV) is connected to the outlet weir (26) through a fender (25), and the side wall of the outlet weir (26) is provided with an outlet (27).

2. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The volume ratio of the first reaction zone (I), the second reaction zone (II), the third reaction zone (III) and the three-phase separation zone (IV) is (1-2):1:1:(2-4).

3. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first sampling tube (7), a second sampling tube (14) and a third sampling tube (19) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first reaction zone (I), the second reaction zone (II) and the third reaction zone (III); the first sampling tube (7) and the first air inlet tube (6) are arranged at the same height, the second sampling tube (14) and the second air inlet tube (12) are arranged at the same height, and the third sampling tube (19) and the third air inlet tube (18) are arranged at the same height.

4. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first sampling pipe (7) and the first air inlet pipe (6) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the first reaction chamber (8); the second sampling pipe (14) and the second air inlet pipe (12) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber (13); and the third sampling pipe (19) and the third air inlet pipe (18) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber (20).

5. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The A ecological partition (9) is arranged at a height of 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor; and the B ecological partition (15) is arranged at a height of 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

6. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the A partition plate water distribution inlet (11) and the B partition plate water distribution inlet (17) are 2 to 3 mm.

7. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A filler area (10) and the B filler area (16) both use pebbles as fillers to block anaerobic granular sludge.

8. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle α of the guide plate (21) is 50 to 60°; the inclination angle β of the bottom of the water outlet weir (26) is 50 to 60°.

9. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centers of the water distributor (3), the gas distributor (5), the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13), the third reaction chamber (20), the gas collecting channel (22) and the exhaust pipe (29) are located on the same vertical axis.

10. A method of using the self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The details are as follows: S1: inoculating anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone (Ⅰ) of the anaerobic bioreactor, inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions in the second reaction zone (Ⅱ), and inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenesis function in the third reaction zone (Ⅲ); S2: The sewage to be treated passes through the water inlet pipe (4) and the water distributor (3) in sequence and enters the first reaction chamber (8); the mixed gas from the gas collecting channel (22) passes through the exhaust pipe (29), the return air pipe (28), the first air inlet pipe (6) and the air distributor (5) in sequence under the regulation of the pressure control valve (30) and is evenly distributed in the first reaction chamber (8); in the first reaction chamber (8), the organic matter in the sewage to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small molecular organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge; S3: The sewage treated in the first reaction chamber (8) enters the second reaction chamber (13) through the A ecological partition (9), while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the first reaction chamber (8); In the second reaction chamber (13), the anaerobic activated sludge having denitrification and sulfate reduction functions reduces the nitrate and sulfate in the sewage into nitrogen and sulfur-containing gas; S4: The sewage, nitrogen and sulfur-containing gas treated in the second reaction chamber (13) enter the third reaction chamber (20) through the B ecological baffle (15), while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the second reaction chamber (13) by the B ecological baffle (15); in the third reaction chamber (20), the small molecular organic matter in the sewage produces methane under the digestion action of the anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenic function; S5: After being treated in the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13) and the third reaction chamber (20), a mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gas and methane is generated and collected by the gas collecting channel (22) through the guide plate (21); the mixed gas is regulated by the pressure control valve (30), and a part of the mixed gas passes through the return gas pipe (28) and then flows back to the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13) and the third reaction chamber (20) through the first air inlet pipe (6), the second air inlet pipe (12) and the third air inlet pipe (18), respectively, and the rest of the mixed gas is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe (29); a part of the treated sewage is circulated to the return water inlet (2) through the return water outlet pipe (24), and the rest of the sewage is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the water outlet (27) through the water outlet weir (26).

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