An air-stirred baffle type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-gas-stirred partition plate type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and method, belonging to the field of biological treatment devices for nitrogen and sulfur-containing organic wastewater. The reactor successively includes a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone, a third reaction zone and a three-phase separation zone that are interconnected from bottom to top. The first reaction zone is inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge to carry out hydrolysis and acidification reactions. The second reaction zone is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge having denitrification and sulfate reduction functions to carry out nitrate and sulfate reduction reactions. The third reaction zone is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge having methane-producing functions to carry out methane-producing reactions. The three reaction zones are separated by ecological partition plates to ensure water permeability, air permeability and impermeability to mud. The reactor realizes functional zoning of anaerobic reactions by setting ecological partition plates, co-removes multi-components in complex organic wastewater, and improves the pollutant removal efficiency; the internal flow state of the reactor is improved through self-produced gas reflux, the mass transfer and detoxification effects are strengthened, and the decontamination effect and stability of the reactor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of biological treatment devices for nitrogen- and sulfur-containing organic wastewater, and particularly relates to a self-gas-stirred baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and method. Background Art

[0002] Coal chemical wastewater is a typical refractory industrial wastewater generated in various coal processing processes, and is characterized by high organic matter, high ammonia nitrogen, high sulfate, etc. Among them, the organic matter often contains various toxic substances, including phenols, nitrogen-containing heterocycles (NHCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), etc., and phenols often account for as high as 50-60%. Anaerobic biological treatment is widely used in the treatment of coal chemical wastewater due to its economy and high efficiency, but it also faces problems such as complex microbial community structure in the anaerobic degradation process, easy accumulation of toxic intermediate products, and limited biological metabolic activity due to the complex pollutants in the wastewater.

[0003] For complex pollutants such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in organic wastewater, the biological treatment process often includes anaerobic digestion, denitrification, sulfate reduction, etc. Specifically, anaerobic digestion includes hydrolysis acidification, hydrogen production and acetate production, methane production, etc.; denitrification is the process in which nitrate is reduced to nitrogen gas by using organic matter under the action of denitrifying microorganisms; sulfate reduction is the process in which sulfate is reduced to produce H 2 S by using organic matter or inorganic matter under the action of sulfate-reducing microorganisms. It should be noted that sulfide not only has a corrosive effect on metals, but also has a toxic inhibitory effect on the microbial community, which is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently in the anaerobic biological treatment process.

[0004] Facing the practical problems of the coexistence of complex pollutants of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in the wastewater of industries such as coal chemical industry, and the different process characteristics of the biological treatment reactions of each pollutant, it is urgent to develop a new type of high-efficiency anaerobic biological device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a self-gas-stirred baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor and method. By setting ecological baffles, the anaerobic reaction function is partitioned, and multiple components in complex organic wastewater are removed synergistically, improving the pollutant removal efficiency; by setting the selective reflux of self-produced gas, the fluid state in the reactor is improved, the mass transfer and detoxification effects are strengthened, and the decontamination effect and stability of the reactor are improved; by setting the compact structure of the device, the functions are coordinated, and the problem of efficient biological treatment of wastewater in industries such as coal chemical industry containing complex pollutants of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur is solved.

[0006] The specific technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-gas-stirred partition type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor. The anaerobic bioreactor successively includes a first reaction zone, a second reaction zone, a third reaction zone, and a three-phase separation zone that are interconnected from bottom to top;

[0008] The bottom of the first reaction zone of the anaerobic bioreactor has an arc-shaped structure, and a sludge discharge port is provided at the lowest part of the arc-shaped structure; a reflux water inlet and a water inlet pipe are further provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone, and the reflux water inlet and the water inlet pipe are provided at the same height; a water distributor is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe inside the first reaction zone; a first air inlet pipe is further provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone, the first air inlet pipe is located above the reflux water inlet, and a gas distributor is provided at one end of the first air inlet pipe inside the first reaction zone; anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone as the first reaction chamber;

[0009] An A ecological partition for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the first reaction zone and the second reaction zone; a number of upwardly convex cylinders are provided on the A ecological partition, the bottom of the cylinders is communicated with the A ecological partition, and the inside of the cylinders is an A filler zone, and a number of A partition water inlets for water permeation are provided on the side walls of the cylinders; a second air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone; anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions is inoculated inside the second reaction zone as the second reaction chamber;

[0010] A B ecological partition for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the second reaction zone and the third reaction zone; a number of upwardly convex cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition, the bottom of the cylinders is communicated with the B ecological partition, and the inside of the cylinders is a B filler zone, and a number of B partition water inlets for water permeation are provided on the side walls of the cylinders; a third air inlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone; anaerobic activated sludge with methane-producing function is inoculated inside the third reaction zone as the third reaction chamber;

[0011] A gas collection channel is provided inside the three-phase separation zone, an inclined deflector is provided at the bottom of the gas collection channel, and the connection between the bottom of the gas collection channel and the deflector constitutes a solid-phase precipitation zone; an exhaust pipe communicated with the outside is provided at the top of the gas collection channel, and a reflux gas pipe that respectively forms an air inlet pipeline with the first air inlet pipe, the second air inlet pipe, and the third air inlet pipe is further provided on the exhaust pipe; a pressure control valve for adjusting the gas reflux volume and discharge volume is further provided on the exhaust pipe; a reflux outlet pipe is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separation zone; the opening height of the reflux outlet pipe is higher than that of the deflector, and the reflux outlet pipe is connected to the reflux water inlet in the first reaction zone to form an external circulation; the solid-phase precipitation zone in the three-phase separation zone is communicated with the water outlet weir through a baffle, and a water outlet is provided on the side wall of the water outlet weir.

[0012] Preferably, the volume ratio of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone, the third reaction zone, and the three-phase separation zone is (1-2):1:1:(2-4).

[0013] Preferably, a first sampling tube, a second sampling tube, and a third sampling tube are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first reaction zone, the second reaction zone, and the third reaction zone; the installation heights of the first sampling tube and the first air inlet pipe are equal, the installation heights of the second sampling tube and the second air inlet pipe are equal, and the installation heights of the third sampling tube and the third air inlet pipe are equal.

[0014] Furthermore, the first sampling tube and the first air inlet pipe are opened at a position of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the first reaction chamber; the second sampling tube and the second air inlet pipe are opened at a position of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber; the third sampling tube and the third air inlet pipe are opened at a position of 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the installation height of the A ecological partition is at 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor; the installation height of the B ecological partition is at 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

[0016] Preferably, the aperture sizes of the water distribution openings of the A partition and the B partition are 2 to 3 mm.

[0017] Preferably, both the A packing area and the B packing area use cobblestones as packing to block anaerobic granular sludge.

[0018] Preferably, the inclination angle α of the baffle is 50 to 60°; the inclination angle β at the bottom of the effluent weir is 50 to 60°.

[0019] Preferably, the centers of the water distributor, the air distributor, the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, the third reaction chamber, the gas collection channel, and the exhaust pipe are located on the same vertical axis.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using the self-gas-stirred partition type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor described in the first aspect, specifically as follows:

[0021] S1: Inoculate anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone of the anaerobic bioreactor, inoculate anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions in the second reaction zone, and inoculate anaerobic activated sludge with methane-producing functions in the third reaction zone;

[0022] S2: The sewage to be treated sequentially passes through the inlet pipe and the water distributor and enters the first reaction chamber; the mixed gas from the gas collection channel is regulated by the pressure control valve and sequentially passes through the exhaust pipe, the reflux gas pipe, the first air inlet pipe, and the air distributor, and is evenly distributed into the first reaction chamber; in the first reaction chamber, the organic matter in the sewage to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small-molecule organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge;

[0023] S3: The sewage treated in the first reaction chamber enters the second reaction chamber through the A ecological partition board, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the first reaction chamber; in the second reaction chamber, the anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions reduces nitrate and sulfate in the sewage to nitrogen and sulfur-containing gases;

[0024] S4: The sewage, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing gases treated in the second reaction chamber enter the third reaction chamber through the B ecological partition board, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the second reaction chamber by the B ecological partition board; in the third reaction chamber, the small-molecule organic matter in the sewage produces methane under the digestion of the anaerobic activated sludge with methane-producing function;

[0025] S5: The mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gas, and methane generated after being treated in the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, and the third reaction chamber is collected by the gas collection channel through the diversion plate; after being regulated by the pressure control valve, part of the mixed gas passes through the reflux gas pipe and then returns to the first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, and the third reaction chamber respectively through the first inlet pipe, the second inlet pipe, and the third inlet pipe, and the rest is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe; part of the treated sewage is circulated to the reflux water inlet through the reflux outlet pipe, and the rest is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the outlet weir by the outlet.

[0026] The present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] (1) The self-gas-stirred partition board type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention divides the area longitudinally inside the reactor by arranging ecological partition boards. The first reaction area decomposes refractory organic matter, the second reaction area reduces nitrate and sulfate, and the third reaction area uses the remaining organic matter for anaerobic digestion to produce energy. This device realizes the directional strengthening of refractory organic pollutants, is conducive to forming a specific bacterial habitat, and realizes the coordinated treatment of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur.

[0028] (2) In the self-gas-stirred partition board type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention, the N 2 , H 2 , S, CH 4 generated in the second reaction area and the third reaction area are collected through the gas collection channel and used as reflux gas after filtration, which promotes the sludge disturbance in the three reaction areas, is conducive to improving the mass transfer efficiency, saves energy, and can also be regulated through the reflux gas ratio of the pressure control valve and the three inlet pipes.

[0029] (3) There are ecological partition boards between the three functional areas of the self-gas-stirred partition board type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention. The upper part is attached with water distribution micropores, and suitable fillers are stacked in the filler area. While blocking the sludge mixing between the partitions, it is permeable to water and air and reduces blockage.

[0030] (4) In the self-gas-stirred baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention, the baffle is connected to the gas collection channel, and the organic matter return pipe is higher than the baffle, which is conducive to the natural sedimentation of sludge. At the same time, it is also convenient for gas collection and avoids the problem of blockage of the return pipe.

[0031] Generally speaking, the self-gas-stirred baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention integrates return water, return gas, sedimentation, gas collection, regulation, and zoning, with a compact structure, energy conservation and consumption reduction, and a small floor area, and is applicable to the treatment of coal chemical wastewater. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anaerobic bioreactor provided in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view a-a in

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the cross-sectional view b-b in

[0035] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the detailed cross-sectional view of the A ecological baffle in (the dotted part is the state without filled packing);

[0036] In the figure: the first reaction zone I, the second reaction zone II, the third reaction zone III, the three-phase separation zone IV, the sludge discharge port 1, the return water inlet 2, the water distributor 3, the water inlet pipe 4, the gas distributor 5, the first gas inlet pipe 6, the first sampling pipe 7, the first reaction chamber 8, the A ecological baffle 9, the A packing zone 10, the A baffle water inlet 11, the second gas inlet pipe 12, the second reaction chamber 13, the second sampling pipe 14, the B ecological baffle 15, the B packing zone 16, the B baffle water inlet 17, the third gas inlet pipe 18, the third sampling pipe 19, the third reaction chamber 20, the baffle 21, the gas collection channel 22, the solid-phase sedimentation zone 23, the return water outlet pipe 24, the mud guard 25, the water outlet weir 26, the water outlet 27, the return gas pipe 28, the exhaust pipe 29, the pressure control valve 30. Detailed Embodiments

[0037] The present invention will be further described and explained below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The technical features of each embodiment in the present invention can be combined correspondingly without conflict.

[0038] As Figure 1As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the specific implementation manner of the present invention, this embodiment provides a self-gas-stirred baffle type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor. The anaerobic bioreactor successively includes a first reaction zone Ⅰ, a second reaction zone Ⅱ, a third reaction zone Ⅲ, and a three-phase separation zone Ⅳ that are interconnected from bottom to top. In practical applications, in order to better achieve the co-treatment effect of complex organic wastewater for carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, the volume ratio of the first reaction zone Ⅰ, the second reaction zone Ⅱ, the third reaction zone Ⅲ, and the three-phase separation zone Ⅳ is (1-2):1:1:(2-4). The structures and connection methods of each component of the device will be specifically described below.

[0039] In the device provided by the present invention, the bottom of the first reaction zone Ⅰ of the anaerobic bioreactor has an arc-shaped structure, and a sludge discharge port 1 is provided at the lowest part of the arc-shaped structure for regularly discharging sludge. A reflux inlet 2 and a water inlet pipe 4 are also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone Ⅰ, and the reflux inlet 2 and the water inlet pipe 4 are opened at the same height. One end of the water inlet pipe 4 inside the first reaction zone Ⅰ is provided with a water distributor 3, which can evenly distribute the sewage to be treated into the first reaction zone Ⅰ. A first air inlet pipe 6 is also opened on the side wall of the first reaction zone Ⅰ. The first air inlet pipe 6 is located above the reflux inlet 2. One end of the first air inlet pipe 6 inside the first reaction zone Ⅰ is provided with an air distributor 5, which can evenly distribute the mixed gas into the first reaction zone Ⅰ. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a first sampling pipe 7 for facilitating sampling and analysis is also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone Ⅰ, and the first sampling pipe 7 and the first air inlet pipe 6 are set at the same height, both located at 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the height of the first reaction chamber 8.

[0040] Anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone Ⅰ as the first reaction chamber 8. The hydrolytic acidifying bacteria in the anaerobic granular sludge can hydrolyze and convert the refractory organic matter in the sewage to be treated into easily decomposable small-molecule organic matter, and generate volatile fatty acids through fermentation and acid production under the action of intracellular enzymes.

[0041] In the device provided by the present invention, an A ecological baffle 9 for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the first reaction zone Ⅰ and the second reaction zone Ⅱ. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the first reaction zone Ⅰ and the second reaction zone Ⅱ provided in this embodiment. The structure of the A ecological baffle 9 is as Figure 4 shown. A number of upwardly convex cylinders are provided on the A ecological baffle 9. The bottom of the cylinder is connected to the A ecological baffle 9, and the inside of the cylinder is an A packing area 10. A number of A baffle water inlets 11 for water permeation are opened on the side wall of the cylinder. In this embodiment, cobblestones can be used as the packing in the A packing area 10. Therefore, the treated sewage in the first reaction zone Ⅰ can flow upward through the A ecological baffle 9 into the second reaction zone Ⅱ for subsequent reactions, while the anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone Ⅰ is intercepted by the A ecological baffle 9.

[0042] A second inlet pipe 12 is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone II, and the installation height of the second inlet pipe 12 is higher than that of the A ecological partition board 9. A second sampling pipe 14 for facilitating sampling and analysis is also provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone II, and the installation heights of the second sampling pipe 14 and the second inlet pipe 12 are equal, and both are provided at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber 13.

[0043] Anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions is inoculated inside the second reaction zone II as the second reaction chamber 13. Different from the first reaction chamber 8, the flora in the area of the second reaction chamber 13 is specialized due to the partition of the A ecological partition board 9, with rich denitrifying bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria, relying on the small molecular organic matter generated by the first reaction zone I as the carbon source, and the nitrate and sulfate in the sewage are respectively converted into ammonium salts and H 2 S here.

[0044] In the device provided by the present invention, a B ecological partition board 15 for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the second reaction zone II and the third reaction zone III. Several upward convex cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition board 15, the bottom of the cylinder is communicated with the B ecological partition board 15, and the inside of the cylinder is a B filler area 16, and several B partition board water inlets 17 for permeating water are provided on the side wall of the cylinder. In this embodiment, cobblestones can be used as the filler in the B filler area 16. Therefore, the treated sewage in the second reaction zone II can flow upward through the B ecological partition board 15 into the third reaction zone III for subsequent reactions, while the anaerobic granular sludge is intercepted by the B ecological partition board 15.

[0045] The functions of the A ecological partition board 9 and the B ecological partition board 15 are mainly divided into two aspects: on the one hand, the A ecological partition board 9 and the B ecological partition board 15 can form an ecological partition, provide a specific habitat for the flora in each reaction zone, and keep the functional bacteria in each reaction zone enriched and cultured, with functional specialization; on the other hand, the A partition board water inlet 11 and the B partition board water inlet 17 are provided on the A ecological partition board 9 and the B ecological partition board 15, which are permeable to water and air but do not pass through mud, and can, while maintaining the disturbance of the reflux gas to improve the mass transfer efficiency, limit the sludge circulation in a specific area, reducing most of the interference except for the newly generated and decomposed sludge.

[0046] It should be noted that the materials of the A ecological partition board 9 and the B ecological partition board 15 can be selected as hydrophilic materials, the sizes of the A partition board water inlet 11 and the B partition board water inlet 17 can be set according to the sludge characteristics, and the filler can be set according to the wastewater and sludge characteristics to be treated. In this embodiment, the pore diameters of the A partition board water inlet 11 and the B partition board water inlet 17 are set to 2 mm, which has a good effect of intercepting anaerobic granular sludge. Those skilled in the art can determine the pore diameter size according to the particle size if using other granular sludge. In this embodiment, the installation height of the A ecological partition board 9 is at 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor, and the installation height of the B ecological partition board 15 is at 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

[0047] A third air inlet pipe 18 is provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone Ⅲ, and the height at which the third air inlet pipe 18 is provided is higher than that of the B ecological partition plate 15. A third sampling pipe 19 for facilitating sampling and analysis is also provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone Ⅲ, and the third sampling pipe 19 and the third air inlet pipe 18 are provided at the same height, both being provided at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber 20.

[0048] Anaerobic activated sludge with methane-producing function is inoculated inside the third reaction zone Ⅲ as the third reaction chamber 20. Different from the first reaction chamber 8 and the second reaction chamber 13, methanogens are richly expressed in the third reaction chamber 20. After the decomposition in the first reaction zone Ⅰ and the carbon source utilization in the second reaction zone Ⅱ of the refractory organic matter, most of the remaining part is small molecular volatile fatty acids, which are converted into acetic acid and H 2 , and then utilized by methanogens to generate CH 4 .

[0049] The function of the third reaction zone Ⅲ located at the top of the anaerobic bioreactor is mainly divided into two aspects: on the one hand, methanogens are greatly affected by pH and are not easily subjected to the impact of complex and toxic organic wastewater, and it is difficult for functional bacteria to directly utilize refractory organic matter; on the other hand, due to the setting of the B ecological partition plate 15, the anaerobic granular sludge is limited to circulate within the partition, which is conducive to the formation of a specific habitat for methanogens and improves the abundance of the flora.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the three-phase separation zone Ⅳ provided in this embodiment. A gas collection channel 22 is provided inside the three-phase separation zone Ⅳ, and an inclined deflector 21 is provided at the bottom of the gas collection channel 22. The inclination angle α of the deflector 21 can be set to 50-60°. The connection between the bottom of the gas collection channel 22 and the deflector 21 constitutes a solid-phase precipitation zone 23. The solid-phase precipitation zone 23 is a downwardly tapered structure, and the sludge in the solid-phase precipitation zone 23 precipitates downward through the deflector 21 and is recovered into the third reaction chamber 20.

[0051] An exhaust pipe 29 communicating with the outside is provided at the top of the gas collection channel 22, and a reflux gas pipe 28 and a pressure control valve 30 are further provided on the exhaust pipe 29. The reflux gas pipe 28 respectively forms a circulating intake gas pipeline with the first air inlet pipe 6, the second air inlet pipe 12, and the third air inlet pipe 18. The pressure control valve 30 is used to adjust the reflux amount of the mixed gas entering the first reaction chamber 8, the second reaction chamber 13, and the third reaction chamber 20 through the first air inlet pipe 6, the second air inlet pipe 12, and the third air inlet pipe 18 respectively, and the discharge amount discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe 29.

[0052] A return water outlet pipe 24 is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separation zone Ⅳ; the opening height of the return water outlet pipe 24 is higher than that of the baffle plate 21, and the return water outlet pipe 24 and the return water inlet 2 in the first reaction zone Ⅰ are connected to form an external circulation. The return water enters the first reaction chamber 8 to reduce the impact of the influent load. The solid-phase precipitation zone 23 in the three-phase separation zone Ⅳ is communicated with the water outlet weir 26 through the mud baffle 25, and a water outlet 27 is provided on the side wall of the water outlet weir 26. The inclination angle β at the bottom of the water outlet weir 26 can be set to 50-60°.

[0053] In this embodiment, the centers of the water distributor 3, the air distributor 5, the first reaction chamber 8, the second reaction chamber 13, the third reaction chamber 20, the gas collection channel 22 and the exhaust pipe 29 are located on the same vertical axis.

[0054] The specific method for sewage treatment using the self-air-agitated baffle type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0055] S1: Anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated in the first reaction zone Ⅰ of the anaerobic bioreactor, anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions is inoculated in the second reaction zone Ⅱ, and anaerobic activated sludge with methane-producing function is inoculated in the third reaction zone Ⅲ to facilitate sewage treatment.

[0056] S2: The sewage to be treated sequentially passes through the influent pipe 4 and the water distributor 3 and enters the first reaction chamber 8; the mixed gas from the gas collection channel 22 is regulated by the pressure control valve 30 and sequentially passes through the exhaust pipe 29, the return gas pipe 28, the first inlet pipe 6 and the air distributor 5, and is evenly distributed into the first reaction chamber 8 to disturb the sludge and improve the mass transfer efficiency; in the first reaction chamber 8, the organic matter in the sewage to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small-molecule organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge.

[0057] S3: The sewage treated in the first reaction chamber 8 enters the second reaction chamber 13 through the A ecological baffle 9, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the first reaction chamber 8; in the second reaction chamber 13, using the above-mentioned small-molecule organic matter as a carbon source, the anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions reduces the nitrates and sulfates in the sewage to nitrogen and sulfur-containing gases. The return gas enters through the second inlet pipe 12 to disturb the sludge and improve the mass transfer efficiency.

[0058] S4: The sewage, nitrogen and sulfur-containing gases treated in the second reaction chamber 13 enter the third reaction chamber 20 through the B ecological baffle 15, while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the second reaction chamber 13 by the B ecological baffle 15; in the third reaction chamber 20, the refractory organic matter is decomposed in the first reaction zone Ⅰ and the carbon source is utilized in the second reaction zone Ⅱ, and most of the remaining part is small-molecule volatile fatty acids. The small-molecule volatile fatty acids in the sewage are converted into acetic acid and H 2 , and then are utilized by methanogens to generate CH4 The reflux gas enters from the third inlet pipe 18, disturbing the sludge and improving the mass transfer efficiency.

[0059] S5: The mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gas and methane generated after being treated in the first reaction chamber 8, the second reaction chamber 13 and the third reaction chamber 20 is collected by the gas collection channel 22 through the deflector 21; after being adjusted by the pressure control valve 30, part of the mixed gas passes through the reflux gas pipe 28 and then returns to the first reaction chamber 8, the second reaction chamber 13 and the third reaction chamber 20 through the first inlet pipe 6, the second inlet pipe 12 and the third inlet pipe 18 respectively. The reflux gas ratio can be adjusted according to the reaction efficiency of each partition to save energy and increase efficiency. The remaining part is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe 29. Part of the treated sewage is circulated to the reflux water inlet 2 through the reflux outlet pipe 24, and the remaining part is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the outlet weir 26 by the outlet 27.

[0060] After being treated by the above method, the organic loading rate OLR of the anaerobic bioreactor with a baffle is > 100 kg / m 3 ·d, much higher than 45 kg / m of a conventional reactor 3 ·d, and an ecological distribution of anaerobic granular sludge is formed in the reactor.

[0061] The anaerobic bioreactor provided by the present invention integrates the processes of removing carbon, nitrogen and sulfur from refractory organic wastewater, coupling the three processes of denitrification, sulfur reduction and methane production. In this process, the refractory organic matter is decomposed and used as a carbon source, and provides an electron donor for denitrification and sulfate reduction in the second reaction zone. The denitrifying bacteria reduce nitrate in the sewage through denitrification to produce N 2 、ammonium salts. The sulfate-reducing bacteria use organic matter as a carbon source to reduce sulfate to produce H 2 S gas. The mixed gas is filtered after being collected by the gas collection channel and is transported to the three reaction zones through the reflux gas pipe for aeration. The mud-water mixture is precipitated in the solid-phase precipitation zone, so that the sludge returns to the third reaction chamber through the deflector, and part of the sewage enters the first reaction chamber again through the reflux outlet pipe for circulation, realizing the efficient removal of pollutants.

[0062] An ecological partition is formed by setting ecological baffles in the anaerobic bioreactor. By controlling the balance of organic matter consumption, the three reaction zones can reasonably utilize the substrate for step-by-step degradation, save energy and reduce consumption, improve the sewage treatment efficiency, and at the same time facilitate the formation of a specific habitat for microorganisms and improve the detoxification efficiency of specific pollutants in refractory wastewater, and is applicable to the treatment of coal chemical wastewater.

[0063] The embodiments described above are only a preferred solution of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical field can still make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor, characterized in that: The anaerobic bioreactor comprises, from bottom to top, a first reaction zone (I), a second reaction zone (II), a third reaction zone (III) and a three-phase separation zone (IV) which are interconnected; The bottom of the first reaction zone (I) of the anaerobic bioreactor is an arc-shaped structure, and a mud discharge port (1) is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped structure; a return water inlet (2) and a water inlet pipe (4) are also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone (I), and the return water inlet (2) and the water inlet pipe (4) are provided at the same height; a water distributor (3) is provided at one end of the water inlet pipe (4) located inside the first reaction zone (I); a first air inlet pipe (6) is also provided on the side wall of the first reaction zone (I), and the first air inlet pipe (6) is located above the return water inlet (2), and an air distributor (5) is provided at one end of the first air inlet pipe (6) located inside the first reaction zone (I); anaerobic granular sludge is inoculated inside the first reaction zone (I) as a first reaction chamber (8); An A ecological partition (9) for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the first reaction zone (I) and the second reaction zone (II); a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the A ecological partition (9); the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the A ecological partition (9); the cylinder is an A filler area (10); a plurality of A partition water outlets (11) for water permeability are provided on the side wall of the cylinder; a second air inlet pipe (12) is provided on the side wall of the second reaction zone (II); the second reaction zone (II) is inoculated with anaerobic activated sludge having denitrification and sulfate reduction functions as a second reaction chamber (13); A B ecological partition (15) for separating anaerobic granular sludge is provided between the second reaction zone (II) and the third reaction zone (III); a plurality of upwardly protruding cylinders are provided on the B ecological partition (15); the bottom of the cylinder is connected to the B ecological partition (15); the cylinder is a B filling zone (16); a plurality of B partition water outlets (17) for water permeability are provided on the side wall of the cylinder; a third air inlet pipe (18) is provided on the side wall of the third reaction zone (III); the anaerobic activated sludge with a methane-producing function is inoculated inside the third reaction zone (III) as a third reaction chamber (20); The three-phase separation zone (IV) is provided with a gas collecting channel (22) inside, and an inclined guide plate (21) is provided at the bottom of the gas collecting channel (22), and the connection between the bottom of the gas collecting channel (22) and the guide plate (21) forms a solid phase precipitation zone (23); the top of the gas collecting channel (22) is provided with an exhaust pipe (29) connected to the outside, and the exhaust pipe (29) is also provided with a return air pipe (28) which respectively forms an intake pipeline with the first intake pipe (6), the second intake pipe (12), and the third intake pipe (18); the exhaust pipe (29 ) is also provided with a pressure control valve (30) for adjusting the gas reflux and discharge amounts; a reflux outlet pipe (24) is provided on the side wall of the three-phase separation zone (IV); the opening height of the reflux outlet pipe (24) is higher than the guide plate (21), and the reflux outlet pipe (24) is connected to the reflux water inlet (2) in the first reaction zone (I) to form an external circulation; the solid phase precipitation zone (23) in the three-phase separation zone (IV) is connected to the outlet weir (26) through a fender (25), and the side wall of the outlet weir (26) is provided with an outlet (27).

2. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the first reaction zone (I), the second reaction zone (II), the third reaction zone (III) and the three-phase separation zone (IV) is (1-2):1:1:(2-4).

3. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first sampling tube (7), a second sampling tube (14) and a third sampling tube (19) are respectively arranged on the side walls of the first reaction zone (I), the second reaction zone (II) and the third reaction zone (III); the first sampling tube (7) and the first air inlet tube (6) are arranged at the same height, the second sampling tube (14) and the second air inlet tube (12) are arranged at the same height, and the third sampling tube (19) and the third air inlet tube (18) are arranged at the same height.

4. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first sampling pipe (7) and the first air inlet pipe (6) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the first reaction chamber (8); the second sampling pipe (14) and the second air inlet pipe (12) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the second reaction chamber (13); and the third sampling pipe (19) and the third air inlet pipe (18) are opened at 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the height of the third reaction chamber (20).

5. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A ecological partition (9) is arranged at a height of 1 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor; and the B ecological partition (15) is arranged at a height of 2 / 3 of the height of the anaerobic bioreactor.

6. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apertures of the A partition plate water distribution inlet (11) and the B partition plate water distribution inlet (17) are 2 to 3 mm.

7. The self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A filler area (10) and the B filler area (16) both use pebbles as fillers to block anaerobic granular sludge.

8. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle α of the guide plate (21) is 50 to 60°; the inclination angle β of the bottom of the water outlet weir (26) is 50 to 60°.

9. The self-gas-agitation baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centers of the water distributor (3), the gas distributor (5), the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13), the third reaction chamber (20), the gas collecting channel (22) and the exhaust pipe (29) are located on the same vertical axis.

10. A method of using the self-gas-agitated baffle-type high-efficiency anaerobic bioreactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The details are as follows: S1: inoculating anaerobic granular sludge in the first reaction zone (Ⅰ) of the anaerobic bioreactor, inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with denitrification and sulfate reduction functions in the second reaction zone (Ⅱ), and inoculating anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenesis function in the third reaction zone (Ⅲ); S2: The sewage to be treated passes through the water inlet pipe (4) and the water distributor (3) in sequence and enters the first reaction chamber (8); the mixed gas from the gas collecting channel (22) passes through the exhaust pipe (29), the return air pipe (28), the first air inlet pipe (6) and the air distributor (5) in sequence under the regulation of the pressure control valve (30) and is evenly distributed in the first reaction chamber (8); in the first reaction chamber (8), the organic matter in the sewage to be treated is decomposed into easily degradable small molecular organic matter under the hydrolysis action of the anaerobic granular sludge; S3: The sewage treated in the first reaction chamber (8) enters the second reaction chamber (13) through the A ecological partition (9), while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the first reaction chamber (8); In the second reaction chamber (13), the anaerobic activated sludge having denitrification and sulfate reduction functions reduces the nitrate and sulfate in the sewage into nitrogen and sulfur-containing gas; S4: The sewage, nitrogen and sulfur-containing gas treated in the second reaction chamber (13) enter the third reaction chamber (20) through the B ecological baffle (15), while the anaerobic granular sludge is retained in the second reaction chamber (13) by the B ecological baffle (15); in the third reaction chamber (20), the small molecular organic matter in the sewage produces methane under the digestion action of the anaerobic activated sludge with methanogenic function; S5: After being treated in the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13) and the third reaction chamber (20), a mixed gas containing nitrogen, sulfur-containing gas and methane is generated and collected by the gas collecting channel (22) through the guide plate (21); the mixed gas is regulated by the pressure control valve (30), and a part of the mixed gas passes through the return gas pipe (28) and then flows back to the first reaction chamber (8), the second reaction chamber (13) and the third reaction chamber (20) through the first air inlet pipe (6), the second air inlet pipe (12) and the third air inlet pipe (18), respectively, and the rest of the mixed gas is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the exhaust pipe (29); a part of the treated sewage is circulated to the return water inlet (2) through the return water outlet pipe (24), and the rest of the sewage is discharged from the anaerobic bioreactor through the water outlet (27) through the water outlet weir (26).

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