Display module and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a display module and a display device, the display module comprises a backlight structure, a dimming structure and a display panel, and the dimming structure comprises a light control panel and a first polaroid; the light control panel comprises a light shielding layer and a liquid crystal layer. The light shielding layer comprises a first light shielding sub-layer and a second light shielding sub-layer located on the two sides of the liquid crystal layer, and a light shielding area and a light transmitting area are formed. The liquid crystal layer comprises a first liquid crystal part located in the light shielding area and a second liquid crystal part located in the light transmitting area. In the first peep-proof state and the sharing state, at least part of light entering the second liquid crystal part penetrates through the light-transmitting area, and in the first peep-proof state, at least part of light entering the first liquid crystal part is shielded by the light-shielding area; in the sharing state, at least part of light entering the first liquid crystal part is deflected by the first liquid crystal part to penetrate through the light-transmitting area, and the light-emitting angle of the light penetrating through the first liquid crystal part is larger than that of the light penetrating through the second liquid crystal part. The dynamic peep-proof effect is achieved through a simple structure and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the trend of multiple screens in vehicles, when a display screen is installed in the passenger seat, it is usually required to have an anti-peep function to avoid affecting the driver's attention and ensure driving safety.

[0003] At present, the in-vehicle anti-peeping technology is mainly based on the design of the liquid crystal dimming box, and the dynamic anti-peeping effect is achieved through backlight control and other solutions. In the in-vehicle anti-peeping technology, the dual light guide plate (Light Guide Plate, LGP) backlight control solution has been mass-produced, and each panel manufacturer mainly develops based on the design of the liquid crystal dimming box. For example, the anti-peeping effect is improved by stacking multiple liquid crystal dimming boxes, or by stacking anti-peeping films on liquid crystal boxes. However, these anti-peeping solutions will make the structure of the display device too complicated or the cost too high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a display module and a display device. By combining a light-shielding layer with a simple structure and low cost with a liquid crystal layer, a dimming structure can be dynamically switched between a first anti-peeping state and a shared state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect with a simple structure and low cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present application, a display module is provided, comprising a backlight structure, a dimming structure located at a light-emitting side of the backlight structure, and a display panel, wherein the dimming structure comprises a light control panel and a first polarizer; the first polarizer is located between the backlight structure and the light control panel, and is configured to convert the light emitted by the backlight structure into a first polarized light;

[0006] The light control panel comprises:

[0007] a light-shielding layer, comprising a first sub-light-shielding layer and a second sub-light-shielding layer arranged opposite to each other, wherein the second sub-light-shielding layer is located on a side of the first sub-light-shielding layer away from the first polarizer; the first sub-light-shielding layer comprises a plurality of first light-shielding units arranged in sequence and at intervals, and the second sub-light-shielding layer comprises a second light-shielding unit arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first light-shielding units; and

[0008] a liquid crystal layer, comprising a first liquid crystal portion and a second liquid crystal portion, wherein the first liquid crystal portion is located between each group of the first light shielding units and the second light shielding units that are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal portion is located between any two adjacent first liquid crystal portions;

[0009] Wherein, the dimming structure includes a first anti-peeping state and a sharing state. In the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the second liquid crystal portion passes through between two adjacent second shading units; in the first anti-peeping state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion is shielded by the second shading unit; in the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion is deflected by the first liquid crystal portion to pass through between two adjacent second shading units, and an exit angle of light passing through the first liquid crystal portion is greater than an exit angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion.

[0010] In some embodiments, the light control panel further includes a driving electrode layer, the driving electrode layer including a first driving electrode located on a side of the first light shielding unit and / or the second light shielding unit close to the first liquid crystal portion; the first driving electrode is configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion to switch between a first dimming state and a second dimming state;

[0011] In the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion and the second liquid crystal portion are both in the first dimming state; in the shared state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state;

[0012] In the first dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion does not change a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion, and in the second dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion changes a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the material of the first light shielding unit and the second light shielding unit is a conductive material, the display module further includes a driving circuit, the first light shielding unit and / or the second light shielding unit are electrically connected to the driving circuit, and the first light shielding unit and / or the second light shielding unit are configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion to switch between a first dimming state and a second dimming state;

[0014] In the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion and the second liquid crystal portion are both in the first dimming state; in the shared state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state;

[0015] In the first dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion does not change a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion, and in the second dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion changes a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion.

[0016] In some embodiments, the dimming structure further includes a second polarizer located on a side of the light control panel away from the first polarizer, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other;

[0017] When the first liquid crystal section is in the first dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section are not deflected; when the first liquid crystal section is in the second dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section are deflected to scatter at least part of the first polarized light incident into the first liquid crystal section.

[0018] In some embodiments, the light control panel further includes a driving electrode layer, the driving electrode layer including a second driving electrode located on at least one side of the second liquid crystal portion; the second driving electrode is configured to drive the second liquid crystal portion to switch between the first dimming state and the third dimming state;

[0019] The dimming structure also includes a second anti-peeping state. In the second anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state; in the second anti-peeping state, the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion is smaller than the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion in the first anti-peeping state.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dimming structure further includes a second polarizer located on a side of the light control panel away from the first polarizer, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other;

[0021] When the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion are not deflected;

[0022] When the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion are deflected, and the second liquid crystal portion converts at least part of the first polarized light that is incident on the second liquid crystal portion and deviates from the normal viewing direction into second polarized light, and the main polarization direction of the second polarized light is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer.

[0023] In some embodiments, when the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state, the second liquid crystal portion has a λ / 2 phase retardation in a 45° viewing angle direction, where λ represents a wavelength of visible light.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit includes a first bottom surface close to the first polarizer and a first side surface connected to the first bottom surface, and an angle between the first bottom surface and the second side surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°;

[0025] The second shading unit includes a second bottom surface facing away from the first polarizer and a second side surface connected to the second bottom surface, and an angle between the second bottom surface and the second side surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0026] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a cross section of the second light shielding unit includes a first bottom edge located on the second bottom surface and a first side edge and a second side edge located on the second side surface and arranged opposite to each other;

[0027] A first angle is formed between the first side and the first bottom side, and a second angle is formed between the second side and the first bottom side; the first angle is greater than or equal to the second angle.

[0028] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure, the shape of the cross section of the second light shielding unit includes a non-isosceles trapezoid or a right-angled trapezoid.

[0029] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a cross-section of the second light shielding unit includes an isosceles trapezoid or a rectangle.

[0030] In some embodiments, the distance between the first bottom edges of any two adjacent second light-shielding units remains consistent.

[0031] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a cross section of any one of the first light shielding units is the same size as a cross section of a corresponding second light shielding unit and they are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0032] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a side of the second light shielding unit close to the liquid crystal layer is arranged to completely overlap with a side of the first light shielding unit close to the liquid crystal layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit and the second light shielding unit are made of the same material and include a black color resist material.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first sub-light-shielding layer further includes a first light-transmitting unit located between any two adjacent first light-shielding units, and the second sub-light-shielding layer further includes a second light-transmitting unit located between any two adjacent second light-shielding units;

[0035] The second driving electrode is located at a side of the first light-transmitting unit and / or the second light-transmitting unit close to the second liquid crystal portion.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit is flush with a side of the first light transmitting unit close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second light shielding unit is flush with a side of the second light transmitting unit close to the liquid crystal layer;

[0037] The first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are arranged at intervals, and the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are made of the same material and have the same thickness.

[0038] In some embodiments, materials of the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit include an organic planar material.

[0039] In some embodiments, the light control panel further includes a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other, the first substrate is located between the first sub-light-shielding layer and the first polarizer, and the second substrate is located on a side of the second sub-light-shielding layer away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0040] According to the second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided, comprising a third polarizer and the display module described above; the dimming structure is located between the backlight structure and the display panel, and the third polarizer is located on a side of the display panel away from the dimming structure.

[0041] In the display module and display device of the embodiment of the present application, the light control panel of the dimming structure includes a liquid crystal layer and a light shielding layer with a grating structure arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, the area where the first light shielding unit and the second light shielding unit are located constitutes the light shielding area of ​​the light shielding layer, and the area between the first light shielding unit or the second unit is located constitutes the light transmission area of ​​the light shielding layer, so that the liquid crystal layer includes a first liquid crystal portion corresponding to the light shielding area of ​​the light shielding layer and a second liquid crystal portion corresponding to the light transmission area of ​​the light shielding layer; and the dimming structure has a first anti-peeping state and a sharing state. When the dimming structure is in the first anti-peeping state, at least part of the first polarized light incident on the first liquid crystal portion is shielded by the second light shielding unit, thereby reducing the light exit angle, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect; when the dimming structure is in the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident on the first liquid crystal portion is deflected by the first liquid crystal portion to pass through between two adjacent second light shielding units, and the light exit angle of the light passing through the first liquid crystal portion is greater than the light exit angle of the light passing through the second liquid crystal portion, thereby increasing the light exit angle, thereby achieving a sharing state. Therefore, by combining the shading layer and the liquid crystal layer, the dimming structure can dynamically switch between the first anti-peeping state and the shared state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect. Since the shading layer in the dimming structure of the present application has a simple structure and low cost, compared with improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking multiple liquid crystal dimming boxes, or improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking liquid crystal boxes with anti-peeping films, the solution of the present application makes the dimming layer structure simpler and lower in cost, which is conducive to simplifying the structure of the display device with anti-peeping function and reducing costs.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0044] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same figure numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a dimming structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a light control panel in a first anti-peeping state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a light control panel in a shared state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a light control panel in a second anti-peeping state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of another light control panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another light control panel provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the change of polarization direction when the first polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal portion at a normal viewing angle provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the change of polarization direction when the first polarized light passes through the first liquid crystal portion at a viewing angle of 45° provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of another light control panel provided by an embodiment of the present application in a first anti-peeping state;

[0054] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] Description of reference numerals:

[0056] 1. Dimming structure; 2. Light control panel; 2a. Light incident side; 3. First polarizer; 4. Second polarizer; 5. Shading layer; 51. First sub-shading layer; 51a. First shading unit; 51b. First light-transmitting unit; 52. Second sub-shading layer; 52a. Second shading unit; 52b. Second light-transmitting unit; 6. Liquid crystal layer; 6a. First liquid crystal part; 6b. Second liquid crystal part; 61. Liquid crystal molecules; 7. Driving electrode layer; 7a. First driving electrode; 7b. Second driving electrode; 8, first bottom surface; 8a, second bottom edge; 9, first side surface; 9a, third side edge; 9b, fourth side edge; 10, second bottom surface; 10a, first bottom edge; 11, second side surface; 11a, first side edge; 11b, second side edge; 12, third bottom edge; 13, fourth bottom edge; 14, first substrate; 15, second substrate; 16, display module; 17, backlight structure; 18, display panel; 19, third polarizer; 20, display device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] like Fig.10 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a display module 16. The display module 16 includes a backlight structure 17, a dimming structure 1 located at the light emitting side of the backlight structure 17, and a display panel 18.

[0059] In some embodiments, the dimming structure 1 is located between the backlight structure 17 and the display panel 18 , but is not limited thereto.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dimming structure 1 includes a light control panel 2 and a first polarizer 3 located at the light incident side 2a of the light control panel 2. That is, the first polarizer 3 is located between the backlight structure 17 and the light control panel 2, and the first polarizer 3 is configured to convert the light emitted by the backlight structure 17 into the first polarized light.

[0061] Specifically, the light control panel 2 includes a light shielding layer 5 and a liquid crystal layer 6. The light shielding layer 5 includes a first sub-light shielding layer 51 and a second sub-light shielding layer 52 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first sub-light shielding layer 51 includes a plurality of first light shielding units 51a that are arranged in sequence and spaced close to the first polarizer 3 and a first light-transmitting unit 51b that is located between any two adjacent first light shielding units 51a, and the second sub-light shielding layer 52 includes a plurality of second light shielding units 52a that are arranged one by one with the plurality of first light shielding units 51a and a plurality of second light-transmitting units 52b that are arranged one by one with the plurality of first light-transmitting units 51b. The liquid crystal layer 6 includes a first liquid crystal portion 6a and a second liquid crystal portion 6b, the first liquid crystal portion 6a is located between each group of the first light shielding units 51a and the second light shielding units 52a that are arranged opposite to each other, and the second liquid crystal portion 6b is located between each group of the first light-transmitting units 51b and the second light-transmitting units 52b that are arranged opposite to each other. That is, the second liquid crystal portion 6b is located between any two adjacent first liquid crystal portions 6a.

[0062] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the dimming structure 1 includes a first anti-peeping state and a sharing state. In the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the second liquid crystal portion 6b passes through between two adjacent second shading units 52a (i.e., the second light-transmitting unit 52b); in the first anti-peeping state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion 6a is shielded by the second shading unit 52a; in the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion 6a is deflected by the first liquid crystal portion 6a to pass through between two adjacent second shading units 52a, and the light emission angle of the light passing through the first liquid crystal portion 6a is greater than the light emission angle of the light passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b.

[0063] It can be understood that the area where the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a are located is the shading area, and the area where the first light-transmitting unit 51b and the second light-transmitting unit 52b are located is the light-transmitting area; the first liquid crystal portion 6a is set corresponding to the shading area, and the second liquid crystal portion 6b is set corresponding to the light-transmitting area.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, when the dimming structure 1 is in the first anti-peeping state, at least part of the first polarized light incident on the first liquid crystal section 6a is shielded by the second shading unit 52a, thereby reducing the light exit angle, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect; when the dimming structure 1 is in the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident on the first liquid crystal section 6a is deflected by the first liquid crystal section 6a to pass through between two adjacent second shading units 52a, and the light exit angle of the light passing through the first liquid crystal section 6a is greater than the light exit angle of the light passing through the second liquid crystal section 6b, thereby increasing the light exit angle, thereby achieving a sharing state. Therefore, by combining the shading layer 5 and the liquid crystal layer 6, the dimming structure 1 can dynamically switch between the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0065] In some embodiments, the light control panel 2 also includes a driving electrode layer 7, which includes a first driving electrode 7a located on the side of the first shading unit 51a and / or the second shading unit 52a close to the first liquid crystal portion 6a, and the first driving electrode 7a is configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion 6a to switch between a first dimming state and a second dimming state.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, in the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion 6a and the second liquid crystal portion 6b are both in the first dimming state; Figure 3 As shown, in the shared state, the first liquid crystal section 6a is in the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal section 6b is in the first dimming state. In the first dimming state, the first liquid crystal section 6a does not change the propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal section 6a, and in the second dimming state, the first liquid crystal section 6a changes the propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal section 6a.

[0067] It can be understood that a shading layer 5 with a grating structure is provided on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 6 of the dimming structure 1, and a driving electrode layer 7 is provided on the shading layer 5 in a regionalized manner, and the dimming state of the first liquid crystal portion 6a located between the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a is regulated by the first driving electrode 7a, so that the first liquid crystal portion 6a can switch between the first dimming state and the second dimming state. When the dimming structure 1 is in the first anti-peeping state, the first driving electrode 7a drives the first liquid crystal portion 6a to be in the first dimming state, and part of the first polarized light in the oblique viewing direction can pass through the first liquid crystal portion 6a in the first dimming state, and this part of the polarized light is shielded by the first shading unit 51a, thereby reducing the light output angle, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect; when the dimming structure 1 is in the shared state, the first driving electrode 7a drives the first liquid crystal portion 6a to be in the second dimming state, so that the first liquid crystal portion 6a in the second dimming state can deflect the first polarized light that would have been shielded by the first shading unit 51a to pass through the adjacent second light-transmitting unit 52b, thereby increasing the light output angle, thereby achieving a shared state. Therefore, through the combination of the light shielding layer 5 and the driving electrode layer 7, the dimming structure 1 can be dynamically switched between the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0068] Since the shading layer 5 in the dimming structure 1 of the present application has a simple structure and low cost, compared with improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking multiple liquid crystal dimming boxes, or improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking liquid crystal boxes with anti-peeping films, the scheme of combining the shading layer 5 and the driving electrode layer 7 of the present application makes the structure of the dimming layer simpler and lower in cost, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the display device 20 with anti-peeping function and reducing costs.

[0069] It should be noted that the above-mentioned dimming states of the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b are the same, which is a specific embodiment that is easier to implement. In other embodiments, in the first anti-peeping state, the dimming states of the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b can be slightly different without affecting the anti-peeping effect. In other words, the anti-peeping effect can also be achieved when the dimming states of the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b are slightly different.

[0070] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the dimming structure 1 further includes a second polarizer 4 located on the side of the light control panel 2 away from the first polarizer 3. Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, in the first anti-peeping state and the shared state, the second liquid crystal section 6b is in the first dimming state, and the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the preset viewing angle range α is sequentially transmitted from the corresponding second liquid crystal section 6b, the second light-transmitting unit 52b, and the second polarizer 4. In the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal section 6a is in the first dimming state, and the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is blocked by the second light-shielding unit 52a. In the shared state, the first liquid crystal section 6a is in the second dimming state, and the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is deflected by the first liquid crystal section 6a to sequentially pass through the adjacent second light-transmitting unit 52b and the second polarizer 4. The first anti-peeping viewing angle range β does not overlap with the preset viewing angle range α, and any viewing angle within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is greater than any viewing angle within the preset viewing angle range α.

[0071] It can be understood that in the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b are both in the first dimming state. At this time, the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b will not change the propagation direction of the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b, and the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b within the preset viewing angle range α can pass through the corresponding second liquid crystal section 6b, and pass through the corresponding second light-transmitting unit 52b and the second polarizer 4; while the propagation direction of the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is toward the adjacent first liquid crystal section 6a and the second light-shielding unit 52a, and this part of the polarized light is absorbed or reflected by the first light-shielding unit 51a after passing through the adjacent first liquid crystal section 6a. Therefore, in the first anti-peeping state, the double-layer grating structure formed by the first sub-light-shielding layer 51 and the second sub-light-shielding layer 52 reduces the light exit angle of the first polarized light, so that only the first polarized light within the preset viewing angle range α can pass through the second light-transmitting unit 52b and the second polarizer, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect.

[0072] Specifically, in the shared state, the first liquid crystal portion 6a is driven by the first driving electrode 7a to the second dimming state, at which time the second liquid crystal portion 6b is still maintained in the first dimming state, and the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the preset viewing angle range α can still sequentially pass through the corresponding second liquid crystal portion 6b, the second light-transmitting unit 52b and the second polarizer, while the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β changes its propagation direction when passing through the first liquid crystal portion 6a, and this part of the polarized light can pass through the adjacent second light-transmitting unit 52b and at least partially pass through the second polarizer 4. Therefore, in the shared state, the light-emitting angle of the first polarized light located within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is deflected to the wide viewing angle direction by the first liquid crystal portion 6a in the second dimming state, so that this part of the polarized light can pass through the adjacent second light-transmitting unit 52b, thereby achieving a large-angle light-emitting sharing effect.

[0073] It can be understood that the preset viewing angle range α refers to the range of the emission angle of the light passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b and the second light-transmitting unit 52b in the first dimming state, and the emission angle of the light can be defined as the angle between the emission direction of the light and the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1. Therefore, the preset viewing angle range α is determined by the width of the second light-transmitting unit 52b (i.e., the spacing between two adjacent second light-shielding units 52a) and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 6 and the light-shielding layer 5. The size of the preset viewing angle range α can be adjusted by adjusting the shape, size and thickness of the first light-transmitting unit 51b and the second light-transmitting unit 52b in the light-shielding layer 5 and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 6 as needed.

[0074] In some embodiments, the preset viewing angle range α is a viewing angle when the contrast ratio (CR) of the display module 16 is greater than 10, but is not limited thereto.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is greater than or equal to 45° and less than 90°, but is not limited thereto.

[0076] In some embodiments, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 3 and the second polarizer 4 are parallel to each other. That is, the absorption axes of the first polarizer 3 and the second polarizer 4 are parallel to each other. It can be understood that the light that can pass through the second polarizer has the same polarization direction as the first polarized light.

[0077] Of course, in other embodiments, the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 3 and the second polarizer 4 may also be perpendicular to each other. The embodiment of the present application only takes the case where the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 3 and the second polarizer 4 are parallel to each other as an example for specific description, and the driving method of the liquid crystal layer 6 in the first anti-peeping state, the shared state and the second anti-peeping state described below is also based on the fact that the light transmission axes of the first polarizer 3 and the second polarizer 4 are parallel to each other.

[0078] In some embodiments, when the first driving electrode 7a does not apply an electric field to the first liquid crystal section 6a, the first liquid crystal section 6a is in a first dimming state, at which time the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section 6a do not deflect. When the first driving electrode 7a applies an electric field to the first liquid crystal section 6a, the first liquid crystal section 6a is in a second dimming state, at which time the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section 6a deflect to scatter the first polarized light within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β.

[0079] It can be understood that the liquid crystal molecules in the first dimming state do not deflect, for example, the orientation angle of the liquid crystal molecules is 0°, so that the liquid crystal molecules are distributed in a horizontal state, and the liquid crystal is in a high-transmittance state; the liquid crystal molecules in the second dimming state deflect, for example, the orientation angle of the liquid crystal molecules is greater than 0°, so that the liquid crystal molecules have a scattering effect on light. Therefore, in the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion 6a does not have a scattering function on light, so that the first polarized light within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is absorbed or reflected by the first shading unit 51a when passing through the first liquid crystal portion 6a, reducing the light emission angle, and achieving an anti-peeping effect; while in the sharing state, the first liquid crystal portion 6a has a scattering effect on light, and the first polarized light within the first anti-peeping viewing angle range β is scattered to a large angle when passing through the first liquid crystal portion 6a, achieving a sharing effect. Therefore, by changing the voltage on the first drive electrode 7a, the switching between the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state can be achieved, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the first driving electrode 7a is located on the side of the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a close to the first liquid crystal portion 6a, so that the first liquid crystal portion 6a is sandwiched between the two oppositely arranged first driving electrodes 7a. The first liquid crystal portion 6a is driven to switch between the first dimming state and the second dimming state by the two oppositely arranged first driving electrodes 7a, which is beneficial to improving the driving accuracy and avoiding the electric field generated by the first driving electrode 7a from affecting other areas.

[0081] In some embodiments, each first driving electrode 7a can be independently controlled to achieve independent control of the dimming state of each first liquid crystal portion 6a, thereby achieving a single-sided privacy protection effect or a single-sided sharing effect. For example, in a shared state, voltage can be provided only to a plurality of first driving electrodes 7a located on the same side, so that the liquid crystal molecules of the corresponding part of the first liquid crystal portion 6a are deflected and have a light scattering effect, while the liquid crystal molecules of the other part of the first liquid crystal portion 6a are not deflected and have no light scattering effect, thereby achieving a single-sided privacy protection effect or a single-sided sharing effect.

[0082] In some embodiments, Figure 4As shown, the driving electrode layer 7 also includes a second driving electrode 7b located on the side of the first light-transmitting unit 51b and / or the second light-transmitting unit 52b close to the second liquid crystal portion 6b; the second driving electrode 7b is configured to drive the second liquid crystal portion 6b to switch between the first dimming state and the third dimming state.

[0083] It can be understood that the second driving electrode 7 b is located on at least one side of the second liquid crystal portion 6 b.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the dimming structure 1 also includes a second anti-peeping state. In the second anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion 6a is in a first dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion 6b is in a third dimming state. In the second anti-peeping state, the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b is smaller than the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b in the first anti-peeping state.

[0085] For example, in the second anti-peeping state, the first polarized light incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b and located within the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ is sequentially transmitted through the corresponding second liquid crystal portion 6b and the second light-transmitting unit 52b and at least partially absorbed by the second polarizer 4; the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ is located within the preset viewing angle range α and deviates from the positive viewing angle direction.

[0086] Specifically, in the second anti-peeping state, the second liquid crystal portion 6b is in a third dimming state, and the main deflection direction of the first polarized light incident into the second liquid crystal portion 6b within the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ can be transformed to be parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer 4, so that the light emitted within the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ is at least partially absorbed by the second polarizer 4, thereby further reducing the light output angle and the viewing angle range, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect.

[0087] It can be understood that in the second anti-peeping state, since the first liquid crystal portion 6a is in the first dimming state, the first polarized light incident on the first liquid crystal portion 6a will still be blocked by the second shading unit 52a, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect.

[0088] It should be noted that when the incident angle of the polarized light is parallel to the long axis or short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization direction of the polarized light remains unchanged after passing through the liquid crystal layer; when the incident angle of the polarized light is not parallel to the long axis or short axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, the polarization direction of the polarized light obtained after the polarized light is adjusted by the liquid crystal layer can be decomposed into two components that are perpendicular to each other, among which the direction of the larger of the two components is the main polarization direction.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the second driving electrode 7b does not apply an electric field to the second liquid crystal section 6b, the second liquid crystal section 6b is in a first dimming state, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal section 6b do not deflect. When the second driving electrode 7b applies an electric field to the second liquid crystal section 6b, the second liquid crystal section 6b is in a third dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal section 6b deflect, and the second liquid crystal section 6b converts the first polarized light within the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ into the second polarized light, and the main polarization direction of the second polarized light is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer 4.

[0090] It can be understood that the first polarized light within the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ is light that is at least partially incident from the normal viewing angle direction.

[0091] Therefore, by changing the voltage on the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b, the dimming state of the first liquid crystal portion 6a and the second liquid crystal portion 6b can be adjusted, thereby realizing the switching of the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the shared state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0092] Understandable, such as Figure 7 As shown, for the first polarized light in the normal viewing direction, the polarization direction of the first polarized light is the same as the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 61 in the normal viewing direction, and there is no angle, so the polarization direction of this part of the first polarized light remains unchanged after passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b, and can pass through the second polarizer 4 to achieve normal viewing angle light. Figure 8 As shown, for the first polarized light in the side viewing direction, there is an angle between the polarization direction of the first polarized light and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 61 in the side viewing direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of this part of the first polarized light is twisted after passing through the second liquid crystal portion 6b, and the main deflection direction is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer 4, resulting in at least most of the light in the side viewing direction being absorbed by the second polarizer 4, thereby achieving an anti-peeping effect.

[0093] In a specific embodiment, when the second liquid crystal portion 6b is in the third dimming state, the second liquid crystal portion 6b has a λ / 2 phase delay in the 45° viewing angle direction, where λ represents the wavelength of visible light. That is, the second anti-peeping viewing angle range γ includes a 45° viewing angle.

[0094] It can be understood that by adjusting the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 6 and the voltage on the second driving electrode 7b, the inclination angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion 6b is changed, so that the phase delay amount of the second liquid crystal portion 6b in the 45° viewing angle direction is λ / 2, achieving the effect of a half-wave plate. Figure 8As shown, for the first polarized light with a viewing angle of 45°, the angle between its polarization direction and the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 45°. At this time, the first polarized light with a viewing angle of 45° is twisted 90° by the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion 6b and converted into the second polarized light and absorbed by the second polarizer 4, resulting in this part of the light being unable to pass through the dimming structure 1, thereby achieving a 45° anti-peeping effect.

[0095] In some embodiments, in the first anti-peeping mode, the dimming structure 1 can reduce the brightness percentage at a 45° anti-peeping viewing angle to 2%, and in the second anti-peeping mode, the dimming structure 1 can reduce the brightness percentage at a 45° anti-peeping viewing angle to about 1%, thereby achieving a better anti-peeping effect. It should be noted that the brightness percentage at a 45° anti-peeping viewing angle refers to the percentage of the brightness at a 45° oblique viewing angle to the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0096] Of course, the anti-peeping viewing angle of the embodiment of the present application is not limited to 45°, and the anti-peeping viewing angle may deviate to a certain extent around 45°. For example, the anti-peeping viewing angle of 44.5° to 45.5° is within the protection scope of the embodiment of the present application.

[0097] The embodiment of the present application uses the first drive electrode 7a and the second drive electrode 7b with a block design to independently control the deflection angles of the liquid crystal molecules in the shading area and the light-transmitting area to achieve switching between the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the sharing state, which can reduce light leakage and improve the display effect.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit 51a includes a first bottom surface 8 close to the first polarizer 3 and a first side surface 9 adjacent to the first light transmitting unit 51b and connected to the first bottom surface 8, and the angle between the first bottom surface 8 and the second side surface 11 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°. Correspondingly, the second light shielding unit 52a includes a second bottom surface 10 facing away from the first polarizer 3 and a second side surface 11 adjacent to the second light transmitting unit 52b and connected to the second bottom surface 10, and the angle between the second bottom surface 10 and the second side surface 11 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

[0099] It can be understood that the angle between the first bottom surface 8 and the second side surface 11 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the angle between the side of the first light-transmitting unit 51b close to the first shading unit 51a and the side close to the first polarizer 3 is greater than or equal to 90°; the angle between the second bottom surface 10 and the second side surface 11 is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the angle between the side of the second light-transmitting unit 52b close to the second shading unit 52a and the side close to the second polarizer 4 is greater than or equal to 90°.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1, the cross section of the second light shielding unit 52a includes a first bottom edge 10a located on the second bottom surface 10, and a first side edge 11a and a second side edge 11b located on the second side surface 11 and oppositely disposed. A first angle θ1 is formed between the first side edge 11a and the first bottom edge 10a, a second angle θ2 is formed between the second side edge 11b and the first bottom edge 10a, and the first angle θ1 is greater than or equal to the second angle θ2.

[0101] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1 , the cross section of any first light shielding unit 51 a and the cross section of the corresponding second light shielding unit 52 a are the same in size and are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0102] For example, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1, the cross section of the first light shielding unit 51a includes a second bottom edge 8a located on the first bottom surface 8, and a third side edge 9a and a fourth side edge 9b located on the first side surface 9 and oppositely arranged. A first angle θ1 is formed between the third side edge 9a and the second bottom edge 8a, and a second angle θ2 is formed between the fourth side edge 9b and the second bottom edge 8a. The first side edge 11a and the third side edge 9a are centrally symmetrically arranged, and the second side edge 11b and the fourth side edge 9b are centrally symmetrically arranged.

[0103] In some embodiments, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1 , a side of the second light shielding unit 52 a close to the liquid crystal layer 6 is completely overlapped with a side of the first light shielding unit 51 a close to the liquid crystal layer 6 .

[0104] For example, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1, the cross section of the second light shielding unit 52a further includes a third bottom side 12 arranged opposite to the first bottom side 10a, and the cross section of the first light shielding unit 51a further includes a fourth bottom side 13 arranged opposite to the second bottom side 8a, and the third bottom side 12 and the fourth bottom side 13 are arranged to overlap in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1. The lines between the vertices in the two diagonal directions of the third bottom side 12 and the fourth bottom side 13 intersect each other, and the position of the intersection is the central symmetric point O of the first light shielding unit 51a and the second light shielding unit 52a arranged opposite to each other.

[0105] It can be understood that the structure obtained by rotating the second light shielding unit 52a by 180° on the plane where the cross section thereof is located is the same as that of the first light shielding unit 51a, or the structure obtained by rotating the first sub-light shielding layer 51 by 180° is the same as that of the second sub-light shielding layer 52. Therefore, the first sub-light shielding layer 51 and the second sub-light shielding layer 52 can be manufactured using the same manufacturing process.

[0106] In a specific embodiment, Figures 2 to 4As shown, the first angle θ1 is greater than the second angle θ2. For example, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1, the cross-section of the second light shielding unit 52a includes a non-isosceles trapezoid or a right-angle trapezoid, but is not limited thereto.

[0107] It can be understood that the cross-section of the second light shielding unit 52a is an inverted non-isosceles trapezoid or a right-angled trapezoid, and correspondingly, the cross-section of the second light-transmitting unit 52b adjacent to the second light shielding unit 52a on the same plane is an upright non-isosceles trapezoid or a right-angled trapezoid. Obviously, the two oppositely disposed side surfaces of the second light shielding unit 52a are asymmetrically disposed.

[0108] Since the second shading unit 52a is the light-emitting side of the second liquid crystal portion 6b, and the two opposite sides of the second shading unit 52a are asymmetrically arranged, the light-emitting angle of the light-emitting side of the second liquid crystal portion 6b is asymmetrical, thereby achieving an asymmetric anti-peeping effect in the first anti-peeping state and the second anti-peeping state.

[0109] In a specific embodiment, the cross section of the second shading unit 52a is an inverted right-angled trapezoid, and the corresponding cross section of the first shading unit 51a is an upright right-angled trapezoid, which is easy to implement in terms of technology and can achieve an asymmetric anti-peeping effect.

[0110] In another specific embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first angle θ1 is equal to the second angle θ2. For example, in the thickness direction of the dimming structure 1, the cross-section of the second light shielding unit 52a includes an isosceles trapezoid or a rectangle, but is not limited thereto.

[0111] It can be understood that the cross-section of the second light shielding unit 52a is an inverted isosceles trapezoid or rectangle, and correspondingly, the cross-section of the second light-transmitting unit 52b adjacent to the second light shielding unit 52a on the same plane is an upright isosceles trapezoid or rectangle. Obviously, the two oppositely disposed side surfaces of the second light shielding unit 52a are symmetrically disposed.

[0112] Since the second shading unit 52a is the light-emitting side of the second liquid crystal portion 6b, and the two oppositely arranged side surfaces of the second shading unit 52a are symmetrically arranged, the light-emitting angles of the light-emitting side of the second liquid crystal portion 6b are symmetrical, thereby achieving a symmetrical anti-peeping effect in the first anti-peeping state and the second anti-peeping state.

[0113] In some embodiments, the distance between the first bottom edges 10a of any two adjacent second light shielding units 52a is kept consistent. This design makes the light emitting angle of each second light-transmitting unit 52b consistent, which is beneficial to improving the overall display effect.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit 51a and the second light shielding unit 52a are made of the same material and include a black color resist material, and the first light transmitting unit 51b and the second light transmitting unit 52b are made of the same material and include an organic planar material.

[0115] In a specific embodiment, the plurality of first light shielding units 51 a and the plurality of second light shielding units 52 a both constitute a black matrix (BM) light shielding structure.

[0116] It can be understood that the material of the shading layer 5 is composed of black color resist materials and organic flat materials that are commonly used and low-cost in the production process of the liquid crystal display panel 18. On the one hand, the material cost can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the dimming structure 1 with an anti-peeping effect. On the other hand, the mature yellow light process, embossing process or transfer process in the production process of the liquid crystal display panel 18 can be used to manufacture the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a, which is beneficial to reducing the production cost and can further reduce the cost of the dimming structure 1 with an anti-peeping effect.

[0117] Of course, in other embodiments, the positions where the first light transparent unit 51b and the second light transparent unit 52b are located may not be filled, for example, the second driving electrode 7b is directly set at the positions where the first light transparent unit 51b and the second light transparent unit 52b are located, and this application does not limit this.

[0118] In a specific embodiment, the length of the third bottom edge 12 of the second shading unit 52a is 5 micrometers (um), the length of the first bottom edge 10a is 7um, the distance between the first bottom edge 10a and the third bottom edge 12 (i.e., the height of the second shading unit 52a) is 5um, and the distance between two adjacent second shading units 52a (i.e., the distance between two adjacent first bottom edges 10a) is 10um.

[0119] It should be noted that the larger the spacing between two adjacent second shading units 52a, the higher the transmittance, but the anti-peeping effect will be worse; the higher the height of the second shading unit 52a, the better the anti-peeping effect, but the higher the height, the more difficult it is to achieve with existing materials. The size of the second shading unit 52a provided in the embodiment of the present application is a size that can be achieved by the process when the anti-peeping effect can be achieved. For example, the yellow light process of the liquid crystal display panel 18 is relatively easy to achieve the production of a second shading unit 52a with a thickness of 5 microns. Therefore, based on the preparation process of the liquid crystal display panel 18, the production process of the shading layer 5 of the double-sided grating structure in the embodiment of the present application is relatively easy to achieve, so that the cost of the dimming structure 1 with an anti-peeping effect provided in the embodiment of the present application can be lower than the cost of using an anti-peeping film with the same anti-peeping effect.

[0120] In some embodiments, the first light shielding unit 51a is flush with the first light transmitting unit 51b on a side close to the liquid crystal layer 6, and the second light shielding unit 52a and the second light transmitting unit 52b are flush with a side close to the liquid crystal layer 6. The first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b are spaced apart, and the materials and thicknesses of the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b are the same.

[0121] It can be understood that the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b in the driving electrode layer 7 are block-based designs, and a shading structure with a grating effect is arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 6. With the dual-area driving electrode, the deflection state of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section 6a and the second liquid crystal section 6b can be independently controlled, thereby realizing the switching of the dimming structure 1 among the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the shared state, and the anti-peeping effect can be improved.

[0122] In some embodiments, the light control panel 2 further includes a first substrate 14 and a second substrate 15 which are arranged opposite to each other. The first substrate 14 is located between the first sub-light-shielding layer 51 and the first polarizer 3 , and the second substrate 15 is located on a side of the second sub-light-shielding layer 52 away from the liquid crystal layer 6 .

[0123] In a specific embodiment, the first substrate 14 and the second substrate 15 include glass substrates, but are not limited thereto.

[0124] In some embodiments, the first sub-light-shielding layer 51 is directly formed on the surface of the first substrate 14 , and the second sub-light-shielding layer 52 is directly formed on the surface of the second substrate 15 .

[0125] In other embodiments, in order to improve the material adhesion of the first sub-light-shielding layer 51, a transparent layer of silicon nitride material or silicon oxide material can also be formed between the first sub-light-shielding layer 51 and the first substrate 14. Similarly, a transparent layer of silicon nitride material or silicon oxide material can also be formed between the second sub-light-shielding layer 52 and the second substrate 15.

[0126] In some embodiments, the display module 16 also includes a driving circuit electrically connected to the driving electrode layer 7, which is used to control the voltage on the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b, thereby driving the dimming structure 1 to switch between the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the shared state.

[0127] In some embodiments, the driving circuit is disposed in a non-display area of ​​the display module 16 and is electrically connected to the first driving electrode 7 a and the second driving electrode 7 b through wires.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a are arranged in strips, so the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b are also arranged in strips. At this time, the ends of the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b can be electrically connected to the driving circuit through wires located in the non-display area.

[0129] Of course, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific positions of the driving circuit and the wires, and the above is only an example.

[0130] In some embodiments, the dimming structure 1 can be applied to a vehicle-mounted display device, so that the vehicle-mounted display device has a dynamic anti-peeping effect, thereby ensuring driving safety.

[0131] It should be noted that the second polarizer 4 in the dimming structure 1 can be shared with the polarizer on the lower side of the display panel. Therefore, the dimming structure 1 may not include the second polarizer 4, but the second polarizer 4 is set between the light control panel of the dimming structure 1 and the display panel when assembled with the display panel.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present application, a light shielding layer 5 having a grating structure is arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 6 of the dimming structure 1, and a driving electrode layer 7 arranged in a regionalized manner is matched on the light shielding layer 5, and the dimming states of the first liquid crystal portion 6a located in the light shielding area and the second liquid crystal portion 6b located in the light-transmitting area are respectively adjusted by the first driving electrode 7a and the second driving electrode 7b, so that the first liquid crystal portion 6a can be switched between the first dimming state and the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion 6b can be switched between the first dimming state and the third dimming state, so that the dimming structure 1 can be switched between the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the shared state, so as to achieve a dynamic anti-peeping effect. In addition, the material cost of the light shielding layer 5 is low, it is easy to make and the thickness is small, which can effectively reduce the cost and thickness of the dimming structure 1 with an anti-peeping effect. In addition, by symmetrically designing or asymmetrically designing the side walls of the first light shielding unit 51a and the second light shielding unit 52a, an asymmetric switchable anti-peeping effect or a symmetric switchable anti-peeping effect can be achieved respectively.

[0133] Therefore, compared with improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking multiple liquid crystal dimming boxes, or improving the anti-peeping effect by stacking liquid crystal boxes with anti-peeping films, the solution of combining the shading layer 5 and the driving electrode layer 7 of the present application makes the structure of the dimming layer simpler and lower in cost, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the display device 20 with anti-peeping function and reducing costs.

[0134] like Fig. 9 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a dimming structure 2' applied to the display module 16, which is different from the dimming structure 2 described in the above embodiment in that: Fig. 9The materials of the first shading unit 51a and the second shading unit 52a in the dimming structure 2' shown are both conductive materials, the first shading unit 51a and / or the second shading unit 52a are electrically connected to the driving circuit, and the first shading unit 51a and / or the second shading unit 52a are configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion 6a to switch between the first dimming state and the second dimming state.

[0135] In some embodiments, the materials of the first light shielding unit 51 a and the second light shielding unit 52 a are both metal conductor materials, but are not limited thereto.

[0136] It is understandable that in the embodiment of the present application, the first driving electrode 7a in the above embodiment does not need to be additionally provided, which is conducive to simplifying the film structure and process of the dimming structure 1. On this basis, the embodiment of the present application has the same anti-peeping effect as the above embodiment.

[0137] like Fig.10 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further provides a display device 20, which includes a third polarizer 19 and the display module 16 as described in the above embodiment. The dimming structure 1 is located between the backlight structure 17 and the display panel 18, and the backlight structure 17 is arranged close to the light incident side of the dimming structure 17, and the third polarizer 19 is located on the side of the display panel 18 away from the dimming structure 1.

[0138] Specifically, the backlight structure 17 is located on the side of the first polarizer 3 away from the second polarizer 4 , the display panel 18 is located on the side of the second polarizer 4 away from the first polarizer 3 , and the third polarizer 19 is located on the side of the display panel 18 away from the second polarizer 4 .

[0139] Specifically, the backlight structure 17 emits backlight in the direction of the dimming structure 1, and the backlight is converted into the first polarized light by the first polarizer 3 and incident from the first light-transmitting unit 51b to the liquid crystal layer 6 of the dimming structure 1. The dimming structure 1 is arranged between the backlight structure 17 and the display panel 18, and can control the angle of the light source incident on the display panel 18. By switching the first anti-peeping state, the second anti-peeping state and the shared state of the dimming structure 1, the display device 20 can switch between the first anti-peeping display state, the second anti-peeping display state and the shared display state, thereby achieving a dynamic anti-peeping display effect.

[0140] In some embodiments, the display panel 18 includes a liquid crystal display panel 18 , but is not limited thereto.

[0141] In some embodiments, no additional polarizer is required on the side of the display panel 18 facing away from the third polarizer 19 , and the second polarizer 4 in the dimming structure 1 can be reused as the lower polarizer of the display panel 18 .

[0142] In some embodiments, the transmission axis of the third polarizer 19 and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 4 are perpendicular to each other.

[0143] In other embodiments, the display device 20 further includes a fourth polarizer located between the display panel 18 and the second polarizer 4, and the light transmission direction of the fourth polarizer is the same as the light transmission direction of the second polarizer 4. In other words, polarizers are provided on the lower and upper sides of the light control panel 2 of the dimming structure 1, and polarizers are also provided on the lower and upper sides of the display panel 18, so that the display module composed of the display panel 18 and the polarizers on its upper and lower sides and the dimming structure 1 are two independent structures, thereby increasing the application range of the dimming structure 1.

[0144] In the embodiment of the present application, since the dimming structure 1 has a dynamic anti-peeping effect and the dimming structure 1 has a low cost and a small thickness, the display device 20 has the advantages of low cost and small thickness while having a dynamic anti-peeping effect.

[0145] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0146] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0147] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0148] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that: The device comprises a backlight structure, a dimming structure located at the light-emitting side of the backlight structure, and a display panel, wherein the dimming structure comprises a light-control panel and a first polarizer; the first polarizer is located between the backlight structure and the light-control panel, and is configured to convert the light emitted by the backlight structure into a first polarized light; The light control panel comprises: a light-shielding layer, comprising a first sub-light-shielding layer and a second sub-light-shielding layer arranged opposite to each other, wherein the second sub-light-shielding layer is located on a side of the first sub-light-shielding layer away from the first polarizer; the first sub-light-shielding layer comprises a plurality of first light-shielding units arranged in sequence and at intervals, and the second sub-light-shielding layer comprises a second light-shielding unit arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first light-shielding units; and a liquid crystal layer, comprising a first liquid crystal portion and a second liquid crystal portion, wherein the first liquid crystal portion is located between each group of the first light shielding units and the second light shielding units that are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal portion is located between any two adjacent first liquid crystal portions; Wherein, the dimming structure includes a first anti-peeping state and a sharing state. In the first anti-peeping state and the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the second liquid crystal portion passes through between two adjacent second shading units; in the first anti-peeping state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion is shielded by the second shading unit; in the sharing state, at least part of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion is deflected by the first liquid crystal portion to pass through between two adjacent second shading units, and an exit angle of light passing through the first liquid crystal portion is greater than an exit angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light control panel further includes a driving electrode layer, wherein the driving electrode layer includes a first driving electrode located on a side of the first light shielding unit and / or the second light shielding unit close to the first liquid crystal portion; The first driving electrode is configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion to switch between a first dimming state and a second dimming state; In the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion and the second liquid crystal portion are both in the first dimming state; In the shared state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state; In the first dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion does not change a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion, and in the second dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion changes a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion.

3. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first shading unit and the second shading unit is a conductive material, the display module further comprises a driving circuit, the first shading unit and / or the second shading unit are electrically connected to the driving circuit, and the first shading unit and / or the second shading unit are configured to drive the first liquid crystal portion to switch between a first dimming state and a second dimming state; In the first anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion and the second liquid crystal portion are both in the first dimming state; In the shared state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the second dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state; In the first dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion does not change a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion, and in the second dimming state, the first liquid crystal portion changes a propagation direction of the first polarized light incident to the first liquid crystal portion.

4. The display module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The dimming structure further includes a second polarizer located on a side of the light control panel away from the first polarizer, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other; When the first liquid crystal section is in the first dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section are not deflected; when the first liquid crystal section is in the second dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal section are deflected to scatter at least part of the first polarized light incident into the first liquid crystal section.

5. The display module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The light control panel further includes a driving electrode layer, the driving electrode layer includes a second driving electrode located on at least one side of the second liquid crystal portion; the second driving electrode is configured to drive the second liquid crystal portion to switch between the first dimming state and a third dimming state; The dimming structure also includes a second anti-peeping state. In the second anti-peeping state, the first liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state, and the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state; in the second anti-peeping state, the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion is smaller than the maximum light emission angle of light passing through the second liquid crystal portion in the first anti-peeping state.

6. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dimming structure further includes a second polarizer located on a side of the light control panel away from the first polarizer, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel to each other; When the second liquid crystal portion is in the first dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion do not deflect; When the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state, the liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal portion are deflected, and the second liquid crystal portion converts at least part of the first polarized light that is incident on the second liquid crystal portion and deviates from the normal viewing direction into second polarized light, and the main polarization direction of the second polarized light is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer.

7. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the second liquid crystal portion is in the third dimming state, the second liquid crystal portion has a λ / 2 phase retardation in a 45° viewing angle direction, where λ represents a wavelength of visible light.

8. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first light shielding unit includes a first bottom surface close to the first polarizer and a first side surface connected to the first bottom surface, and an angle between the first bottom surface and the second side surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°; The second shading unit includes a second bottom surface facing away from the first polarizer and a second side surface connected to the second bottom surface, and an angle between the second bottom surface and the second side surface is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 90°.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the dimming structure, the cross section of the second light shielding unit includes a first bottom edge located on the second bottom surface and a first side edge and a second side edge located on the second side surface and arranged opposite to each other; A first angle is formed between the first side and the first bottom side, and a second angle is formed between the second side and the first bottom side; the first angle is greater than or equal to the second angle.

10. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the dimming structure, the cross-section of the second light shielding unit includes a non-isosceles trapezoid or a right-angle trapezoid.

11. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the dimming structure, the cross-section of the second light shielding unit includes an isosceles trapezoid or a rectangle.

12. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance between the first bottom edges of any two adjacent second shading units remains consistent.

13. The display module according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a cross section of any one of the first light shielding units is the same in size as a cross section of a corresponding second light shielding unit and is centrally symmetrically arranged.

14. The display module according to claim 13, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the dimming structure, a side of the second light shielding unit close to the liquid crystal layer is arranged to completely overlap with a side of the first light shielding unit close to the liquid crystal layer.

15. The display module according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first light shielding unit and the second light shielding unit are made of the same material and include a black color resist material.

16. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first sub-light-shielding layer further includes a first light-transmitting unit located between any two adjacent first light-shielding units, and the second sub-light-shielding layer further includes a second light-transmitting unit located between any two adjacent second light-shielding units; The second driving electrode is located at a side of the first light-transmitting unit and / or the second light-transmitting unit close to the second liquid crystal portion.

17. The display module according to claim 16, characterized in that: The first light shielding unit is arranged flush with a side of the first light transmitting unit close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second light shielding unit is arranged flush with a side of the second light transmitting unit close to the liquid crystal layer; The first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are arranged at intervals, and the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode are made of the same material and have the same thickness.

18. The display module according to claim 16, characterized in that: The materials of the first light-transmitting unit and the second light-transmitting unit include an organic planar material.

19. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light control panel further includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are arranged opposite to each other. The first substrate is located between the first sub-light-shielding layer and the first polarizer, and the second substrate is located on a side of the second sub-light-shielding layer away from the liquid crystal layer.

20. A display device, characterized in that: It comprises a third polarizer and the display module as described in any one of claims 1 to 19; the dimming structure is located between the backlight structure and the display panel, and the third polarizer is located on the side of the display panel away from the dimming structure.

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