Solid oxide battery SOC (State of Charge) testboard

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical testing, in particular to a solid oxide battery SOC (State of Charge) test board. The electric pile is placed in a hearth of the hot box, a cooling system and a servo system are installed on the supporting frame, and the cooling system is connected with the servo system; an oxygen electrode preheater is mounted on the oxygen electrode gas inlet pipeline; the hydrogen electrode gas inlet pipeline comprises a plurality of gas inlet pipelines and a water vapor system, the mixing tank is mounted on the hydrogen electrode gas inlet pipeline, the gas inlet pipelines and the water vapor system are respectively connected with the mixing tank, and a hydrogen electrode preheater is mounted on a pipeline for connecting the mixing tank and the galvanic pile; the air outlet end of the oxygen electrode air outlet pipeline is communicated with air, and an oxygen electrode condensation water segregator is mounted on the oxygen electrode air outlet pipeline; a hydrogen electrode condensation water segregator and a drainage system are installed on an oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline, a cooling machine is arranged between the oxygen electrode condensation water segregator and the hydrogen electrode condensation water segregator, the integrated design is achieved, and the testing efficiency and reliability are improved; the test environment is accurately controlled, and the accuracy and repeatability of the test result are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical testing, in particular to a solid oxide battery SOC testing platform. Background Art

[0002] Solid oxide cell (SOC) is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electrical energy. It mainly includes solid electrolyte and metal anode, cathode and other components. SOC has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, wide fuel adaptability and environmental friendliness, and is widely used in power generation, energy storage and other fields. However, the performance and life of SOC are affected by many factors, such as the ion conductivity of the electrolyte, the catalytic activity of the electrode material, the operating temperature, etc. Therefore, accurate testing and analysis of SOC and evaluation of its performance and life are of great significance to promote the application and development of SOC technology.

[0003] Solutions of existing technologies: Existing SOC test benches are usually composed of multiple independent modules, such as mechanical hardware system, gas circuit system, preheating system, water vapor system, stack thermal management system, cooling system, drainage system, etc. These modules are responsible for providing mechanical support, gas supply, temperature control and other functions required for testing. In addition, some test benches are integrated with control systems to automatically monitor the test process and improve test accuracy and test results.

[0004] Although existing SOC test benches have met basic test requirements, they still have some problems and shortcomings:

[0005] First, existing test benches are usually large and heavy, making them inconvenient to move and transport;

[0006] Secondly, the discrete module design of the existing test bench makes its structure complex and inconvenient to maintain and operate;

[0007] In addition, the existing test benches often require manual intervention during the test process, and the degree of automation is not high, which also affects the test accuracy and reliability of the test results to a certain extent;

[0008] Finally, existing test benches often cannot accurately control the test environment, such as temperature, humidity, gas composition, etc., during the test process, which may affect the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art in the above-mentioned background technology, a solid oxide battery SOC test bench is provided, which is an integrated device that can simultaneously perform SOEC and SOFC tests on the battery stack, verify the performance of the battery stack and the durability test of the battery stack, automatically monitor the test process, and improve the test accuracy and test results.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a solid oxide battery SOC test bench, used for testing SOEC and SOFC on a battery stack, comprising:

[0011] A thermal management system for a battery stack, used to heat a battery stack placed in a furnace, comprises a frame, a heat box and a support frame are installed on the frame, the battery stack is placed in the furnace of the heat box, a pressure rod is inserted into the heat box, the lower end of the pressure rod is against the battery stack, a cooling system and a servo system are installed on the support frame, the cooling system is connected to the servo system to cool the servo system, and the servo system is located above the pressure rod;

[0012] The control device includes a box body, in which a gas circuit system is installed, and the gas circuit system is connected to the fuel cell stack.

[0013] The gas circuit system includes an oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline connected to the air, and an oxygen electrode preheater is installed on the oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline;

[0014] The hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline includes a plurality of air intake pipelines and a water vapor system, wherein the water vapor system is arranged in parallel with the air intake part;

[0015] A mixing tank is installed on the hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline, the air intake pipeline and the water vapor system are respectively connected to the mixing tank, and a hydrogen electrode preheater is installed on the pipeline connecting the mixing tank and the fuel cell stack;

[0016] An oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline, the gas outlet end of the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline is connected to the air, and an oxygen electrode condensation water separator is installed on the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline;

[0017] A hydrogen electrode condensation water separator and a drainage system are installed on the hydrogen electrode gas outlet pipeline and the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline, and a cooler is provided between the oxygen electrode condensation water separator and the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator.

[0018] Furthermore, each air intake pipeline is sequentially installed with a filter valve, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge, a solenoid valve, a one-way valve and a flow meter.

[0019] Furthermore, an air filter, an air pressure reducing valve, an air pressure reducing pressure gauge, an air solenoid valve, an air check valve, an air mass flow meter, an oxygen electrode cold end pressure sensor and an oxygen electrode unloading valve are installed in sequence on the pipe between the air intake end of the oxygen electrode air intake pipeline and the oxygen electrode preheater.

[0020] Furthermore, a pure water preparation machine is installed at the water inlet end of the water vapor system, and a pure water feed tank, a water pump, a water vapor generator and a water vapor one-way valve are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the pure water preparation machine and the mixing tank.

[0021] Furthermore, the drainage system includes a steam-water separator and a wastewater collection tank, the steam-water separator includes a tank body and a drainage solenoid valve, a hydrogen electrode outlet joint and a third joint are installed on the top surface of the tank body, the hydrogen electrode outlet joint opens a hydrogen hole through a pipeline, a hydrogen electrode inlet joint is installed on one side of the tank body, a first joint is installed on the opposite side of the tank body, the drainage solenoid valve is connected to the first joint through the second joint, the drainage solenoid valve is connected to the wastewater collection tank through a pipeline, a water level detection sensor is installed on the third joint, and the water level detection sensor extends into the tank body.

[0022] Furthermore, the hydrogen electrode preheater and the oxygen electrode preheater both include a shell, in which a preheating furnace liner is installed, the preheating furnace liner has a heating accommodating cavity, a gas pipeline is passed through the preheating furnace liner, and the gas pipeline is divided into a straight pipe portion and a coil portion, the straight pipe portion is located at both ends of the preheating furnace liner, the coil portion is located in the heating accommodating cavity of the preheating furnace liner, a heating wire is installed in the heating accommodating cavity of the preheating furnace liner, and the coil portion is located in the heating accommodating cavity.

[0023] Furthermore, the servo system includes a servo mechanism support seat and a servo electric cylinder, the servo mechanism support seat is mounted with a guide mounting seat, the guide mounting seat is mounted with a cooling water column, and the cooling water column is connected to the cooling system;

[0024] A servo electric cylinder is installed on the servo mechanism support seat, a pressure sensor is installed at the connecting joint of the servo electric cylinder, and a spring is arranged between the cooling water column and the pressure sensor.

[0025] Furthermore, the heat box includes a cylinder and a heat box lower cover, one end of the cylinder is open, the top of the cylinder is provided with a round hole for inserting a pressure rod, a furnace lower cover is installed on the heat box lower cover, a furnace lower cover is installed on the heat box lower cover, the heat box lower cover is covered with a cylinder, and the furnace lower cover is embedded in the opening of the cylinder to form a furnace, and the battery stack is placed on the furnace lower cover.

[0026] Furthermore, the cylinder body includes a left split body and a right split body, the two split bodies are assembled into a whole through a movable hinge, an arc-shaped notch is provided at the top edge of each split body, and the circular hole is assembled by the two arc-shaped notches;

[0027] Each split body includes a heat box shell and a furnace core. The heat box shell is provided with a furnace core, and a heating wire is provided on the inner surface of the furnace core. The two furnace cores are assembled to form a furnace chamber. Both end surfaces of the heat box shell are provided with furnace core pressure plates.

[0028] Furthermore, the pressure rod is a pressure rod with a hollow structure or a pressure rod with a solid structure, and there is a distance between the top of the pressure rod and the cooling water column.

[0029] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0030] 1. Integrated design: This solid oxide battery SOC test bench adopts an integrated design, integrating the mechanical hardware system and the control system, simplifying the structure of the equipment, reducing the volume and weight of the equipment, and facilitating the movement and transportation of the equipment. At the same time, the integrated design is also conducive to the maintenance and operation of the equipment, and improves the reliability and efficiency of the equipment;

[0031] 2. High degree of automation: This test bench integrates an automatic control system to automatically monitor the test process, improving test accuracy and test results. Compared with existing technologies, this test bench does not require manual intervention during the test process, greatly improving test efficiency and reliability;

[0032] 3. Precise control of the test environment: This test bench can precisely control the test environment, such as temperature, humidity, gas composition, etc., to ensure the stability and consistency of the test conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. This is a significant improvement compared to existing technologies;

[0033] 4. Complete functions: This test bench includes mechanical hardware system and control system, as well as rack, gas system, preheating system, steam system, stack thermal management system, cooling system, drainage system and other modules, which can meet the needs of SOEC and SOFC testing of stacks, verify stack performance and stack durability testing, and has complete functions and a wide range of applications;

[0034] 5. Automatic monitoring of the test process: This test bench can automatically monitor the test status during the test process, detect and handle abnormal situations in a timely manner, ensure the smooth progress of the test process, and improve the reliability and accuracy of the test results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is the gas path principle diagram of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Flowchart of

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack of the present invention after removing a heat box;

[0041] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling system and the servo system in the thermal management system of the fuel cell stack of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the preheating furnace of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a preheating furnace of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 is a three-dimensional diagram of the drainage system of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drainage system of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 It is the control principle diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.13 This is a control schematic diagram of the main circuit of the battery stack of the present invention;

[0049] In the figure: 1. DC power supply, 2. electronic load, 3. industrial computer, 4. tricolor light, 6. gas alarm, 7. cooling system, 8. servo system, 10. temperature controller, 11. operation button, 12. rack, 13. pressure rod, 14. support frame, 15. guide mounting seat, D101. battery stack,

[0050] F101. Hydrogen filter, F201. Nitrogen filter, F301. Hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas filter, F401. Methane filter, F601. Air filter,

[0051] RV101. Hydrogen pressure reducing valve, RV201. Nitrogen pressure reducing valve, RV301. Hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas pressure reducing valve, RV401. Methane pressure reducing valve, RV601. Air pressure reducing valve,

[0052] PMP101. Hydrogen pressure gauge, PMP201. Nitrogen pressure gauge, PMP301. Hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas pressure gauge, PMP401. Methane pressure gauge, PMP601. Air pressure gauge,

[0053] S101. Hydrogen solenoid valve, S201. Nitrogen solenoid valve, S301. Hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas solenoid valve, S401. Methane solenoid valve, S601. Air solenoid valve,

[0054] H101. Hydrogen check valve, H201. Nitrogen check valve, H301. Hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas check valve, H401. Methane check valve, H501. Water vapor check valve, H601. Air check valve,

[0055] TU101. Hydrogen mass flow meter, TU201. Nitrogen mass flow meter, TU301. Hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas mass flow meter, TU401. Methane mass flow meter, TU601. Air mass flow meter,

[0056] P101. Hydrogen electrode cold end pressure sensor, P102. Hydrogen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor, P103. Hydrogen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor, P601. Oxygen electrode cold end pressure sensor, P602. Oxygen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor, P603. Oxygen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor,

[0057] HP101. Hydrogen electrode unloading valve, HP102. Hydrogen electrode preheater, HP104. Hydrogen electrode preheater, HP601. Oxygen electrode unloading valve, HP602. Oxygen electrode preheater,

[0058] SQ501. Pure water feed tank, M501. Water pump, H20-101. Wastewater collection tank, H20-501. Steam generator, H501. Steam check valve, D101. Fuel stack, JEA101. Chiller, HQ101. Steam separator,

[0059] LQ101. Hydrogen electrode condensation water separator, LQ601. Oxygen electrode condensation water separator,

[0060] T106. Hydrogen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor, T603. Oxygen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor,

[0061] HP102-1. Gas pipeline, HP102-2. Preheating furnace lower shell, HP102-3. Left end cover of furnace, HP102-4. Preheating furnace, HP102-5. Heating wire connected to power lead terminal, HP102-6. Preheating furnace temperature sensor, HP102-7. Right end cover of furnace, HP102-8. Preheating furnace upper shell, HP102-9. Preheating furnace outlet pipe temperature sensor, HP102-10. Preheating furnace junction box,

[0062] RX03.Hot box shell, RX04.Furnace pressure plate, RX05.Furnace, RX07.Hot box lower cover, RX08.Furnace lower cover, RX10.Cell stack lower support block, RX11.Cell stack upper support block, RX12.Active hinge, RX13.Hot box support column, RX16.Pressure sensor, RX20.Servo electric cylinder, RX21.Servo mechanism support seat, RX22.Spring, RX23.Spring limit block, RX24.Cooling water column,

[0063] HQ101-1. Water level detection sensor, HQ101-2. First joint, HQ101-3. Second joint, HQ101-4. Drain solenoid valve, HQ101-5. Tank, HQ101-6. Third joint, HQ101-8. Hydrogen electrode outlet joint, HQ101-9. Hydrogen electrode inlet joint,

[0064] K22. Programmable controller PLC, K23. Voltage inspection module, K25. Switch, KM01. First contactor, KM02. Second contactor, KM03. Third contactor, KM04. Fourth contactor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, which only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0066] like Figures 1 to 13 A solid oxide battery SOC test bench shown is used to perform SOEC and SOFC tests on a battery stack D101, including a mechanical hardware system and a control system, wherein the mechanical hardware system includes a rack 12, a gas system, a battery stack thermal management system, a cooling system, and a drainage system, and the control system is integrated in the above mechanical hardware system. The mechanical hardware system and the control system are connected by cables and pipelines to realize automatic monitoring of the test process, forming a complete test bench;

[0067] The control system includes a controller and a data acquisition module. The controller is an industrial computer 3. The data acquisition module includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a voltage sensor. The controller obtains various parameters during the test process through the data acquisition module and performs automatic control and alarm according to the preset parameter range.

[0068] The battery stack D101 is a test product. The battery stack D101 has a hydrogen electrode inlet, a hydrogen electrode outlet, an oxygen electrode inlet, an oxygen electrode outlet, a battery stack positive electrode, and a battery stack negative electrode. The battery stack D101 is the entire battery stack, which can be a battery stack composed of a single battery cell or a battery stack composed of multiple battery cells, including

[0069] A stack thermal management system is used to heat a stack D101 placed in a furnace, and includes a frame 12. The frame 12 is made of aluminum alloy and has good strength and lightness. A heat box and a support frame 14 are installed on the frame 12. The stack D101 is placed in the furnace of the heat box. A pressure rod 13 is inserted into the heat box. The lower end of the pressure rod 13 is against the stack D101. A cooling system 7 and a servo system 8 are installed on the support frame 14. The cooling system 7 is connected to the servo system to cool the servo system 8. The servo system is located above the pressure rod 13.

[0070] The control device includes a box body, in which a gas circuit system is installed, and the gas circuit system is connected to the fuel cell stack D101.

[0071] The gas circuit system includes an oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline, which is connected to the air. An oxygen electrode preheater HP602 is installed on the oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline;

[0072] The hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline includes a plurality of air intake pipelines and a water vapor system. The water vapor system is arranged in parallel with the air intake part. The hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline has four air intakes: hydrogen, nitrogen, hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas and methane.

[0073] The mixing tank HH101 is installed on the hydrogen electrode intake pipeline to mix the gas in the hydrogen electrode intake pipeline. The intake pipeline and the water vapor system are respectively connected to the mixing tank HH101. The pipeline connecting the mixing tank HH101 and the fuel cell stack D101 is installed with a hydrogen electrode preheater HP102 to heat the mixed gas.

[0074] Oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline, the gas outlet end of the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline is connected to the air, and an oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601 is installed on the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline;

[0075] A hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101 and a drainage system are installed on the hydrogen electrode outlet pipeline and the oxygen electrode outlet pipeline. A cooler JEA101 is provided between the oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601 and the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101. The cooler JEA101 adopts water cooling.

[0076] Among them, heating tapes are wrapped around the pipelines from the outlet of the hydrogen electrode preheater HP102 and the oxygen electrode preheater HP602 to the front of the fuel cell stack to reduce the temperature drop of the gas after preheating.

[0077] An industrial computer 3 is installed at the upper end of one side of the box. The industrial computer 3 serves as the control center and data processing center of the solid oxide battery SOC test bench. The electronic load 2 and the DC power supply 1 are installed at the lower end of the industrial computer 3. The electronic load 2 controls the current value when testing the charge and discharge of the battery stack D101. The control of the electronic load 2 is integrated into the industrial computer 3 software of the measurement and control system, and the electronic load 2 is operated through the industrial computer 3 software; the DC power supply 1 is the energy source used for charging the battery stack D101. The control of the charging power supply is integrated into the industrial computer 3 software of the measurement and control system, and the output voltage of the charging power supply is adjusted through the industrial computer 3 software.

[0078] When performing a discharge test, the DC power supply 1 and the battery stack D101 are in series mode, and the electronic load 2 uses remote measurement, which will not affect the test parameters of the battery stack D101.

[0079] A temperature controller 10 and an operation button 11 are installed on one side of the industrial computer 3, and a three-color light 4 and a gas alarm 6 are installed on the top of the box.

[0080] The industrial computer 3 is an integrated industrial computer connected to the switch K25 via Ethernet. The switch K25 is connected to the electronic load 2, the voltage inspection module K23 and the programmable controller PLC K22 via Ethernet. The programmable controller PLC K22 is connected to other hardware devices via a separate communication module 485.

[0081] The first contactor KM01 and the fourth contactor KM04 are connected in parallel on the line between the battery stack D101 and the electronic load 2, the second contactor KM02 and the third contactor KM03 are connected in parallel on the line between the battery stack D101 and the DC power supply 1, and the electronic load 2 and the DC power supply 1 are connected via a cable.

[0082] When the editable logic controller K22 sends a control output signal to the first contactor KM01 and the second contactor KM02, the main contacts of the first contactor KM01 and the second contactor KM02 are closed, and the stack test circuit is in the SOFC state, that is, the discharge state;

[0083] When the editable logic controller K22 sends a control output signal to the third contactor KM03 and the fourth contactor KM04, the main contacts of the third contactor KM03 and the fourth contactor KM04 are closed, and the stack test circuit is in the SOEC state, that is, the electrolysis state;

[0084] The first contactor KM01 and the second contactor KM02 are set to an interlocking state with the third contactor KM03 and the fourth contactor KM04 in the editable logic controller K22 to ensure the safety control loop of SOFC and SOEC.

[0085] like Figures 2-3 As shown, each air intake pipeline is sequentially installed with a filter valve, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge, a solenoid valve, a check valve and a flow meter.

[0086] Specifically, the air filter F601, air pressure reducing valve RV601, air pressure reducing pressure gauge PMP601, air solenoid valve S601, air check valve H601, air mass flow meter TU601, oxygen electrode cold end pressure sensor P601 and oxygen electrode unloading valve HP601 are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the air intake end of the oxygen electrode air intake pipeline and the oxygen electrode preheater HP602.

[0087] The water vapor system controls the ambient temperature at which water vapor changes from liquid to gas. A pure water preparation machine is installed at the water inlet end of the water vapor system. The pure water feed tank SQ501, the water pump M501, the water vapor generator H20-501 and the water vapor check valve H501 are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the pure water preparation machine and the mixing tank HH101. Among them, the pure water feed tank SQ501, the water pump M501 and the water vapor generator H20-501 are all fixed to the frame by fasteners. The function of the water vapor check valve H501 is to automatically open and close the valve disc by relying on the flow of water vapor itself. When the water vapor flows forward, the valve disc opens and the gas passes through; when the water vapor flows in the reverse direction, the valve disc closes to prevent the water vapor from flowing back and prevent the gas in the hydrogen electrode from flowing back into the water vapor generator. A heating belt is installed in the pipeline at the outlet of the water vapor generator H20-501, and its function is to prevent the condensation of water vapor. Among them, the water vapor generator H20-501 generates water vapor, and the water vapor generator H20-501 is provided with a humidity controller, which controls the humidity of the water vapor.

[0088] The air inlet end of the hydrogen air inlet pipeline is connected to the hydrogen cylinder. The pipeline between the hydrogen cylinder and the mixing tank HH101 is successively installed with a hydrogen filter F101, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve RV101, a hydrogen pressure reducing pressure gauge PMP101, a hydrogen solenoid valve S101, a hydrogen check valve H101 and a hydrogen mass flowmeter TU101.

[0089] The air inlet end of the nitrogen air inlet pipeline is connected to the nitrogen cylinder. The pipeline between the nitrogen cylinder and the mixing tank HH101 is successively installed with a nitrogen filter F201, a nitrogen pressure reducing valve RV201, a nitrogen pressure reducing pressure gauge PMP20, a nitrogen solenoid valve S201, a nitrogen check valve H201 and a nitrogen mass flow meter TU201.

[0090] The air inlet end of the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas inlet pipeline is connected to the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas cylinder. The pipeline between the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas cylinder and the mixing tank HH101 is successively installed with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas filter F301, a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas pressure reducing valve RV301, a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas pressure reducing pressure gauge PMP301, a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas solenoid valve S301, a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas one-way valve H301 and a hydrogen-nitrogen mixture gas mass flowmeter TU301.

[0091] The inlet end of the methane inlet pipeline is connected to the methane cylinder. The pipeline between the methane cylinder and the mixing tank HH101 is installed with a methane filter F401, a methane pressure reducing valve RV401, a methane pressure reducing pressure gauge PMP401, a methane solenoid valve S401, a methane check valve H401 and a methane mass flow meter TU401 in sequence.

[0092] A hydrogen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor P103 is installed on the pipeline between the fuel cell D101 and the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101. The hydrogen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor P103 is used to monitor the pipeline pressure at the hydrogen electrode gas fuel cell outlet position. A hydrogen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor T106 is installed on the pipeline between the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101 and the steam-water separator HQ101. One end of the steam-water separator HQ101 discharges hydrogen into the air through a pipeline. One end of the steam-water separator HQ101 is connected to the wastewater collection tank H20-101 through a pipeline. The wastewater collection tank H20-101 is discharged through a wastewater collection pipe. An oxygen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor P603 is installed on the pipeline between the fuel cell stack D101 and the oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601. The oxygen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor P603 monitors the pipeline pressure at the oxygen electrode gas fuel cell stack outlet. An oxygen electrode exhaust gas cooling outlet temperature sensor T603 is installed on the exhaust pipe of the oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601.

[0093] The hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101 is used to separate the water in the pipeline, and the water in the waterway is collected and treated through the wastewater collection tank.

[0094] The oxygen electrode hot end inlet pressure sensor P603 is installed on the pipeline between the fuel cell stack D101 and the oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601, and the oxygen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor T603 is installed on the exhaust pipe of the oxygen electrode condensation water separator LQ601. After the gas in the pipeline is cooled by the cold water separator, the hydrogen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor T106 and the oxygen electrode tail gas cooling outlet temperature sensor T603 are used to monitor the temperature of the tail gas in the pipeline.

[0095] A hydrogen electrode cold end pressure sensor P101 is installed on the pipe connecting the mixing tank HH101 and the air intake pipeline. The hydrogen electrode cold end pressure sensor P101 is used to monitor the pressure in the pipeline. The pipeline between the mixing tank HH101 and the hydrogen electrode cold end pressure sensor P101 is connected to the hydrogen electrode outlet pipeline through a pipeline. A hydrogen electrode unloading valve HP101 is installed on the pipeline. The hydrogen electrode unloading valve HP101 plays a role in regulating the gas pressure to prevent the gas pressure from being too high and causing damage to the fuel cell stack D101.

[0096] Among them, the functions of the hydrogen filter F101, the nitrogen filter F201, the hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas filter F301, the methane filter F401 and the air filter F601 are to filter out impurities in the gas.

[0097] The function of hydrogen pressure reducing valve RV101, nitrogen pressure reducing valve RV201, hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas pressure reducing valve RV301, methane pressure reducing valve RV401 and air pressure reducing valve RV601 is to reduce the pressure of the gas and obtain a suitable pressure value for the test product.

[0098] The hydrogen pressure gauge PMP101, nitrogen pressure gauge PMP20, hydrogen-nitrogen mixture pressure gauge PMP301, methane pressure gauge PMP401, and air pressure gauge PMP601 are used to monitor the pressure after the pressure reducing valve is reduced. The hydrogen solenoid valve S101, nitrogen solenoid valve S201, nitrogen mixture solenoid valve S301, methane solenoid valve S401, and air solenoid valve S601 are normally closed solenoid valves. When the solenoid valve coil is not energized, the solenoid valve is in a closed state; when the solenoid valve coil is energized, the solenoid valve is in an open state.

[0099] The function of hydrogen check valve H101, nitrogen check valve H201, hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas check valve H301, methane check valve H401, and air check valve H601 is to automatically open and close the valve disc based on the flow of the gas itself. When the gas flows forward, the valve disc opens and the gas passes through; when the gas flows in the reverse direction, the valve disc closes to prevent the gas from flowing back.

[0100] Hydrogen mass flow meter TU101, nitrogen mass flow meter TU201, hydrogen and nitrogen mixed gas mass flow meter TU301, methane mass flow meter TU401, air mass flow meter TU601 are used to monitor and control the mass flow of gas to ensure the stability and consistency of the test process. Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the servo system 8 includes a servo mechanism support seat RX21 and a servo electric cylinder RX20, the servo electric cylinder RX20 provides power, the servo mechanism support seat RX21 is mounted with a guide mounting seat 15, the guide mounting seat 15 is mounted with a cooling water column RX24, the cooling water column RX24 is connected to the cooling system 7, and the cooling system 7 provides cooling water to cool the cooling water column RX24;

[0101] A servo electric cylinder RX20 is installed on the servo mechanism support seat RX21. A pressure sensor RX16 is installed at the connecting joint of the servo electric cylinder RX20. The pressure sensor RX16 is used to measure the working pressure of the feedback servo motor. A spring RX22 is provided between the cooling water column RX24 and the pressure sensor RX16. The spring RX22 is used for the servo electric cylinder to move downward with a small pressure to contact the product. Another use is to absorb the changing displacement of the expansion of the buffer stack material during the stack test.

[0102] A spring limit block RX23 is provided at the lower end of the spring RX22 to limit the downward pressure distance of the cooling water column RX24 to prevent the battery stack D101 from being damaged by overpressure.

[0103] The pressure rod 13 is a pressure rod with a hollow structure or a pressure rod with a solid structure, which can be selected according to actual needs. As long as the pressure rod 13 can withstand pressure under heating, there is a distance between the top of the pressure rod 13 and the cooling water column RX24.

[0104] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the hot box includes a cylinder and a hot box lower cover RX07, one end of the cylinder is open, the top of the cylinder is provided with a round hole for the pressure rod 13 to be inserted, a furnace lower cover RX08 is installed on the hot box lower cover RX07, a furnace lower cover RX08 is installed on the hot box lower cover RX07, the hot box lower cover RX07 is covered with a cylinder, and the furnace lower cover RX08 is embedded in the opening of the cylinder to form a furnace, and the battery stack D101 is placed on the furnace lower cover RX08.

[0105] The cylinder body includes a left split and a right split, and the two splits are assembled into a whole through a movable hinge RX12. An arc-shaped notch is provided at the top edge of each split, and the circular hole is assembled by the two arc-shaped notches.

[0106] Each split body includes a heat box shell RX03 and a furnace core RX05. The heat box shell RX03 has a furnace core RX05 installed inside. A heating wire is installed on the inner surface of the furnace core RX05. The two furnace cores RX05 are assembled to form a furnace. Both end faces of the heat box shell RX03 are provided with furnace core pressure plates RX04.

[0107] A heat box support column RX13 is provided between the support frame 14 and the frame 12, and a movable hinge RX12 is installed on the heat box support column RX13, that is, the two parts of the heat box are opened or closed around the heat box support column RX13.

[0108] The lower support block RX10 of the fuel cell stack is made of special ceramic material that can withstand higher temperatures and higher axial forces.

[0109] like Figures 8-9 As shown, the hydrogen electrode preheater HP102 and the oxygen electrode preheater HP602 both adopt electric heating. The hydrogen electrode preheater HP102 and the oxygen electrode preheater HP602 both include a shell, in which a preheating furnace core HP102-4 is installed. The preheating furnace core HP102-4 has a heating accommodating cavity. A gas pipeline HP102-1 is penetrated in the preheating furnace core HP102-4. The gas pipeline HP102-1 is a pipeline through which gas passes, which is made by a coil process. The function of the gas is to make the gas stay in the preheating furnace for a longer time and fully heat the gas. The gas pipeline HP102-1 is divided into a straight pipe part and a coil part. The straight pipe part is located at both ends of the preheating furnace furnace HP102-4, and the coil part is located in the heating accommodating cavity of the preheating furnace furnace HP102-4. A heating wire is installed in the heating accommodating cavity of the preheating furnace furnace HP102-4. The coil part is located in the heating accommodating cavity and has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high insulation, and good thermal insulation performance.

[0110] Shell The shell is made of sheet metal material, including a preheating furnace upper shell HP102-8 and a preheating furnace lower shell HP102-2. The preheating furnace upper shell HP102-8 and the preheating furnace lower shell HP102-2 are assembled up and down, and the connection between the preheating furnace upper shell HP102-8 and the preheating furnace lower shell HP102-2 is connected by a connecting piece.

[0111] A plurality of support frames are arranged between the shell and the preheating furnace core HP102-4, and a space is formed between the shell and the preheating furnace core HP102-4, so as to further insulate the preheating furnace core HP102-4 and ensure the temperature inside the preheating furnace core HP102-4.

[0112] The preheating furnace furnace HP102-4 includes an outer furnace and an inner furnace. The inner furnace is installed in the outer furnace. The length of the outer furnace is greater than the length of the inner furnace. A furnace left end cover HP102-3 is installed at one end of the inner furnace, and a furnace right end cover HP102-7 is installed at the other end of the inner furnace. The inner furnace, the furnace left end cover HP102-3 and the furnace right end cover HP102-7 form a heating accommodating cavity.

[0113] The outlet end of the pipeline HP102-1 is installed with a preheating furnace outlet pipeline temperature sensor HP102-9, which is connected to an external temperature controller to monitor the temperature of the gas in the pipeline after being preheated by the heating wire.

[0114] The top of the preheating furnace upper shell HP102-8 is equipped with a heating wire power lead terminal HP102-5 and a preheating furnace junction box HP102-10, and the preheating furnace junction box HP102-10 cover is arranged on the heating wire power lead terminal HP102-5.

[0115] A preheating furnace temperature sensor HP102-6 is inserted into the shell and the preheating furnace furnace HP102-4, which is connected to an external temperature control meter to control the temperature of the heating wire, and the lower end of the preheating furnace temperature sensor HP102-6 extends into the heating accommodating cavity.

[0116] The straight pipe section at the right end of the gas pipeline HP102-1 is covered with a heating tape to reduce the temperature drop of the gas after preheating, and the pipeline from the outlet of the oxygen electrode preheater HP602 to the front of the fuel cell stack is wrapped with a heating tape to reduce the temperature drop of the gas after preheating.

[0117] Specifically, the preheating furnace core HP102-4 is preheated in advance, and the temperature in the heating chamber is detected by the preheating furnace temperature sensor HP102-6;

[0118] After reaching the preset temperature, the mixed gas enters the coil part of the preheating furnace HP102-4 from the left end of the gas pipeline HP102-1 to be heated, and at the same time, the preheating furnace temperature sensor HP102-6 detects the temperature in real time;

[0119] After heating is completed, the gas flows out from the right end of the gas pipe HP102-1 and enters the next process. At the same time, the preheating furnace outlet pipe temperature sensor HP102-9 monitors the temperature of the gas after preheating by the heating wire.

[0120] like Figures 10-11 As shown, the drainage system discharges the wastewater generated during the test. The drainage system includes a steam-water separator HQ101 and a wastewater collection tank H20-101.

[0121] The core function of the steam-water separator HQ101 is to only drain water without exhausting gas under low pressure. It includes a tank body HQ101-5 and a drain solenoid valve HQ101-4. The tank body HQ101-5 is made of stainless steel by welding. A hydrogen electrode outlet joint HQ101-8 and a third joint HQ101-6 are installed on the top surface of the tank body HQ101-5. The hydrogen electrode outlet joint HQ101-8 opens a hole for hydrogen through a pipeline. A hydrogen electrode inlet joint HQ101-9 is installed on one side of the tank body HQ101-5. A hydrogen electrode inlet joint HQ101-9 is installed on the opposite side of the tank body HQ101-5. There is a first connector HQ101-2, a drain solenoid valve HQ101-4 is connected to the first connector HQ101-2 through a second connector HQ101-3, the drain solenoid valve HQ101-4 is connected to the wastewater collection tank H20-101 through a pipe, the drain solenoid valve HQ101-4 controls the opening and closing of the drain pipe, a water level detection sensor HQ101-1 is installed on the third connector HQ101-6, the water level detection sensor HQ101-1 extends into the tank body HQ101-5, and the signal between the water level detection sensor HQ101-1 and the programmable controller is connected.

[0122] Among them, the first joint HQ101-2, the third joint HQ101-6, the hydrogen electrode gas outlet joint HQ101-8 and the hydrogen electrode gas inlet joint HQ101-9 are all welded to the tank body HQ101-5.

[0123] The hydrogen electrode outlet connector HQ101-8 is connected with a pipeline and connected to the tail gas outlet, and the tail gas outlet is connected to an external gas source.

[0124] The hydrogen electrode gas inlet connector HQ101-9 is located above one side of the tank body HQ101-5, and the first connector HQ101-2 is located below the other side of the tank body HQ101-5.

[0125] A drainage pipe is installed at the output end of the drainage solenoid valve HQ101-4, and the drainage pipe is connected to the wastewater collection tank H20-101, and finally the wastewater is discharged through the wastewater collection pipe.

[0126] Water is stored in HQ101-5. When the water level is low, the HQ101-1 water level detection sensor does not output a signal to the programmable controller. At this time, the HQ101-4 drainage solenoid valve coil is not energized and is in a closed state.

[0127] When the water level is relatively high, the HQ101-1 water level detection sensor outputs a signal to the programmable controller. At this time, the HQ101-4 drainage solenoid valve coil is energized and is in the open state, starting to drain water.

[0128] Test bench debugging: connect the test bench to the power supply and gas source, start the control system, check the working status of each system, and ensure that the test bench can work normally. The initialization time of the test bench is 30 minutes, the temperature control range of the preheating system is from room temperature to 500°C, the humidity control range of the water vapor system is from 0% to 100%, the temperature control range of the stack thermal management system is from room temperature to 800°C, and the temperature control range of the cooling system is from 5°C to 35°C.

[0129] Test of the battery stack: open the hot box, place the battery stack D101 on the lower support block RX10 of the battery stack, and close the hot box;

[0130] The servo electric cylinder RX20 is started, driving the cooling water column RX24 to press down until it contacts the pressure rod 13, pressing down to the set pressure, and pressing the battery stack D101 from above; before the battery stack test, the heating temperature and rate are set first, and the heating rate should not be too fast to prevent the battery cells from cracking. While the temperature is rising, the cooling system 7 is started and connected to the cooling water column RX24. The cooling water column RX24 cools the pressure rod 13, thereby protecting the components above the cooling water column RX24;

[0131] After the stack is heated up, connect the power supply and gas source, start the control system, and conduct SOEC and SOFC tests.

[0132] During the test, the control system monitors various parameters in real time. Once an abnormal situation is found, it will alarm and automatically shut down. After the test is completed, the control system automatically generates a test report and saves the test data.

[0133] Among them, SOFC discharge test process:

[0134] A certain amount of hydrogen is introduced. If the stack D101 has not been reduced, the stack D101 can be reduced first. If it has been reduced, air is introduced into the oxygen electrode while hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen electrode. At this time, the voltage of the stack system rises rapidly, and the open circuit voltage OCV ≥ 50V is discharged with a small current. At this time, the stack is not at the optimal temperature, and large current discharge cannot be performed.

[0135] As the temperature of the fuel cell stack D101 rises, the flow rates of hydrogen and air are gradually increased, while the discharge current is also increased.

[0136] When the fuel cell stack D101 is discharging normally, the hydrogen electrode tail gas of the fuel cell stack is collected for analysis. The hydrogen electrode tail gas has passed through the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator LQ101, so it is at room temperature. Pay attention to high temperature.

[0137] SOEC electrolysis test:

[0138] The D101 stack is charged by electrolysis water, ensuring that it is in working condition, ensuring that the corresponding amount of water has been introduced, and the vaporization mixture is preheated, and a small amount of hydrogen is introduced into the measurement and control system. If the stack is not reduced, the stack can be reduced first. If it has been reduced, the mixed gas is introduced into the hydrogen electrode inlet pipe, and air is introduced into the oxygen electrode inlet pipe. At this time, the voltage of the stack system rises rapidly. The larger the amount of water, the lower the voltage. When the amount of water is small, a small current is used for charging.

[0139] During hydrogen charging, as the voltage of the D101 stack increases, you can gradually increase the water flow and increase the charging current. Attention should be paid to voltage fluctuations. If the fluctuation is large, please reduce the charging current or stop charging.

[0140] Based on the above ideal embodiments of the present invention, the relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention through the above description. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench, used for performing SOEC and SOFC tests on a battery stack (D101), characterized in that: include A fuel cell stack thermal management system is used to heat a fuel cell stack (D101) placed in a furnace, comprising a frame (12), a heat box and a support frame (14) being mounted on the frame (12), the fuel cell stack (D101) being placed in the furnace of the heat box, a pressure rod (13) being inserted into the heat box, the lower end of the pressure rod (13) being against the fuel cell stack (D101), a cooling system (7) and a servo system (8) being mounted on the support frame (14), the cooling system (7) being connected to the servo system to cool the servo system (8), and the servo system being located above the pressure rod (13); The control device comprises a box body, in which a gas circuit system is installed, and the gas circuit system is connected to the fuel cell stack (D101). The gas circuit system includes an oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline, which is connected to the air, and an oxygen electrode preheater (HP602) is installed on the oxygen electrode air inlet pipeline; The hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline includes a plurality of air intake pipelines and a water vapor system, wherein the water vapor system is arranged in parallel with the air intake part; A mixing tank (HH101) is installed on the hydrogen electrode air intake pipeline, the air intake pipeline and the water vapor system are respectively connected to the mixing tank (HH101), and a hydrogen electrode preheater (HP102) is installed on the pipeline connecting the mixing tank (HH101) and the fuel cell stack (D101); An oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline, the gas outlet end of the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline is connected to the air, and an oxygen electrode condensation water separator (LQ601) is installed on the oxygen electrode gas outlet pipeline; A hydrogen electrode condensation water separator (LQ101) and a drainage system are installed on the hydrogen electrode outlet pipeline and the oxygen electrode outlet pipeline, and a cooler (JEA101) is provided between the oxygen electrode condensation water separator (LQ601) and the hydrogen electrode condensation water separator (LQ101).

2. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each air intake pipe is installed with a filter valve, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure gauge, a solenoid valve, a check valve and a flow meter in sequence.

3. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air filter (F601), an air pressure reducing valve (RV601), an air pressure reducing pressure gauge (PMP601), an air solenoid valve (S601), an air check valve (H601), an air mass flow meter (TU601), an oxygen electrode cold end pressure sensor (P601) and an oxygen electrode unloading valve (HP601) are sequentially installed on the pipeline between the air intake end of the oxygen electrode air intake pipeline and the oxygen electrode preheater (HP602).

4. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pure water preparation machine is installed at the water inlet end of the water vapor system, and a pure water feed tank (SQ501), a water pump (M501), a water vapor generator (H20-501) and a water vapor one-way valve (H501) are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the pure water preparation machine and the mixing tank (HH101).

5. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage system includes a steam-water separator (HQ101) and a wastewater collection tank (H20-101). The steam-water separator (HQ101) comprises a tank body (HQ101-5) and a drainage solenoid valve (HQ101-4). A hydrogen electrode gas outlet joint (HQ101-8) and a third joint (HQ101-6) are installed on the top surface of the tank body (HQ101-5). The hydrogen electrode gas outlet joint (HQ101-8) opens a hole for hydrogen through a pipeline. A hydrogen electrode gas inlet joint (HQ101-9) is installed on one side of the tank body (HQ101-5). A first joint (HQ101-2) is installed on the opposite side, a drainage solenoid valve (HQ101-4) is connected to the first joint (HQ101-2) via a second joint (HQ101-3), the drainage solenoid valve (HQ101-4) is connected to a wastewater collection tank (H20-101) via a pipeline, a water level detection sensor (HQ101-1) is installed on the third joint (HQ101-6), and the water level detection sensor (HQ101-1) extends into the tank body (HQ101-5).

6. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen electrode preheater (HP102) and the oxygen electrode preheater (HP602) both include a shell, a preheating furnace liner (HP102-4) is installed in the shell, the preheating furnace liner (HP102-4) has a heating accommodating chamber, a gas pipeline (HP102-1) is passed through the preheating furnace liner (HP102-4), and the gas pipeline (HP102-1) is divided into a straight pipe part and a coil part, the straight pipe part is located at both ends of the preheating furnace liner (HP102-4), the coil part is located in the heating accommodating chamber of the preheating furnace liner (HP102-4), a heating wire is installed in the heating accommodating chamber of the preheating furnace liner (HP102-4), and the coil part is located in the heating accommodating chamber.

7. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The servo system (8) comprises a servo mechanism support seat (RX21) and a servo electric cylinder (RX20), the servo mechanism support seat (RX21) is mounted with a guide mounting seat (15), the guide mounting seat (15) is mounted with a cooling water column (RX24), and the cooling water column (RX24) is connected to the cooling system (7); A servo electric cylinder (RX20) is installed on a servo mechanism support seat (RX21), a pressure sensor (RX16) is installed at a connection joint of the servo electric cylinder (RX20), and a spring (RX22) is provided between a cooling water column (RX24) and the pressure sensor (RX16).

8. The solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat box comprises a cylinder and a heat box lower cover (RX07), one end of the cylinder is open, the top of the cylinder is provided with a round hole for inserting a pressure rod (13), a furnace lower cover (RX08) is installed on the heat box lower cover (RX07), a furnace lower cover (RX08) is installed on the heat box lower cover (RX07), a cylinder is provided on the heat box lower cover (RX07), and the furnace lower cover (RX08) is embedded in the opening of the cylinder to form a furnace, and the battery stack (D101) is placed on the furnace lower cover (RX08).

9. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cylinder body comprises a left split body and a right split body, the two split bodies are assembled into a whole through a movable hinge (RX12), an arc-shaped notch is arranged at the top edge of each split body, and the circular hole is assembled by the two arc-shaped notches; Each split body comprises a heat box shell (RX03) and a furnace core (RX05), wherein the heat box shell (RX03) is provided with a furnace core (RX05), and a heating wire is provided on the inner surface of the furnace core (RX05). The two furnace cores (RX05) are assembled to form a furnace chamber, and furnace core pressure plates (RX04) are provided on both end faces of the heat box shell (RX03).

10. A solid oxide battery SOC test bench according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure rod (13) is a pressure rod with a hollow structure or a pressure rod with a solid structure, and there is a distance between the top of the pressure rod (13) and the cooling water column (RX24).

Images