Grid-connected and off-grid switching method for hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller

Abstract

The invention discloses a grid-connected and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, and relates to the technical field of intelligent control. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller; a multi-dimensional operation sensing data flow is monitored and obtained through a data sensing module; building a power integration operation evaluation network according to the analysis evaluation module; analyzing and evaluating the multi-dimensional operation sensing data flow based on a power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain power operation stability parameters; calling a grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, and triggering a grid-connected and off-grid control starting strategy based on matching of the power operation stability parameter and the grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy; and carrying out grid-connected and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the grid-connected and off-grid control starting strategy. The technical problem that in the prior art, a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is difficult to intelligently switch the grid-connected mode and the off-grid mode according to the power operation state is solved, and the technical effect of intelligent grid-connected mode and off-grid mode switching is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and in particular to a grid-connected and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of hydrogen fuel cell technology, its application in distributed energy systems has gradually expanded. Hydrogen fuel cells are clean and efficient, and can work in conjunction with energy storage devices, power grids and loads to provide stable power for a variety of application scenarios. In actual operation, the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller needs to switch between grid-connected mode and off-grid mode to cope with complex working conditions such as grid fluctuations, load changes or sudden failures. However, in the prior art, it is difficult for the controller to perform intelligent evaluation and precise switching based on the real-time power operation status, resulting in response delays, instability during the switching process, and insufficient power supply coordination management. These problems seriously affect the reliability of the system and the continuity of load power supply. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a method for switching between on-grid and off-grid modes for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller to intelligently switch between on-grid and off-grid modes according to the power operation status.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a grid-connected and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a method for switching between a grid and an off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, which has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module; monitor and acquire a multi-dimensional operation perception data stream through the data perception module, the sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream include a hydrogen fuel cell system, an energy storage device, a power grid, and a load; build an electric power integrated operation evaluation network according to the analysis and evaluation module, the electric power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; analyze and evaluate the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream based on the electric power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain electric power operation stability parameters; call an on-grid and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, and trigger an on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy based on matching the electric power operation stability parameters with the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy; and perform on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy.

[0007] In a second aspect of the present application, a grid-connected and off-grid switching system for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is provided, the system comprising:

[0008] Interactive component: obtains a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, which has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module; data acquisition component: monitors and obtains a multi-dimensional operation perception data stream through the data perception module, and the source of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream includes a hydrogen fuel cell system, an energy storage device, a power grid, and a load; an evaluation network construction component: builds an electric power integrated operation evaluation network according to the analysis and evaluation module, and the electric power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; analysis and evaluation component: analyzes and evaluates the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream based on the electric power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain electric power operation stability parameters; strategy matching component: calls the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, matches the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy based on the electric power operation stability parameters, and triggers the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy; control component: performs on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy.

[0009] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0010] First, a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is obtained, and the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module. Then, the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream is monitored and obtained through the data perception module, and the sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream include the hydrogen fuel cell system, the energy storage device, the power grid, and the load. At the same time, a power integrated operation evaluation network is built according to the analysis and evaluation module, and the power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network. Then, the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream is analyzed and evaluated based on the power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain the power operation stability parameter. Further, the grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy is called according to the intelligent switching module, and the grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy is matched based on the power operation stability parameter, and the grid-connected and off-grid control activation strategy is triggered. Finally, the grid-connected and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control of the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller are performed based on the grid-connected and off-grid control activation strategy. The technical problem that the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is difficult to intelligently switch the grid-connected and off-grid mode according to the power operation status in the prior art is solved, and the technical effect of intelligent grid-connected and off-grid mode switching is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for switching between a grid and an off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an on-grid and off-grid switching system for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Explanation of the reference numerals: interaction component 11, data acquisition component 12, evaluation network building component 13, analysis and evaluation component 14, strategy matching component 15, control component 16. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller to intelligently switch between grid-connected and off-grid modes according to the power operation status by providing a grid-connected and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller.

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not explicitly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0018] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for switching between a grid-connected and off-grid controller for a hydrogen fuel cell, wherein the method comprises:

[0019] A hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is obtained, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has a built-in data sensing module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module.

[0020] The hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has built-in data perception module, analysis and evaluation module and intelligent switching module. The data perception module is used to monitor and obtain multi-dimensional operation perception data streams in real time, covering relevant operation information of hydrogen fuel cell systems, energy storage devices, power grids and loads, and providing basic data support for subsequent analysis and control. The analysis and evaluation module is used to parse and evaluate the multi-dimensional data streams collected by the data perception module, build an integrated power operation evaluation network, and generate power operation stability parameters by evaluating the power grid status and hydrogen fuel cell operation status, providing a basis for grid-connected and off-grid switching decisions. The intelligent switching module is used to realize the intelligent switching of hydrogen fuel cells between grid-connected mode and off-grid mode. By obtaining the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, real-time perception, intelligent evaluation and decision switching of multi-source data can be realized, meeting the efficient control requirements of hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected operation in complex application scenarios.

[0021] The data perception module is used to monitor and acquire a multi-dimensional operation perception data stream, wherein the sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream include a hydrogen fuel cell system, an energy storage device, a power grid, and a load.

[0022] The data perception module monitors and collects multi-dimensional operation perception data streams in real time. The sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data streams include hydrogen fuel cell systems, energy storage devices, power grids, and loads. The key operating parameters of the fuel cell, such as voltage, current, temperature, and output power, are obtained from the hydrogen fuel cell system to monitor the health status and performance indicators of the fuel cell to ensure its operational stability; the power state of the energy storage device (such as state of charge SOC and depth of discharge DOD) is collected from the energy storage device to obtain the charge and discharge current, voltage, and temperature data of the energy storage device; the real-time operation status of the power grid is monitored, including voltage fluctuations, frequency changes, and power supply and demand, and the load change information at the grid connection point is obtained to analyze the grid's demand for hydrogen fuel cell output; the real-time power demand of the power load connected to the system is collected to monitor the load change trend and its impact on power supply stability. Through the comprehensive perception of multi-source data, the data perception module forms a multi-dimensional operation perception data stream covering the entire system, providing comprehensive and accurate data support for subsequent status evaluation and grid-connected and off-grid switching strategies.

[0023] A power integrated operation evaluation network is constructed according to the analytical evaluation module, and the power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network.

[0024] The analytical evaluation module builds an integrated power operation evaluation network based on the acquired multi-dimensional operation perception data to comprehensively evaluate the operation status of the system. The integrated power operation evaluation network consists of a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network. The power grid operation status evaluation network is used to evaluate the operation status of the power grid in real time to ensure that the grid stability parameters meet the grid-connected operation requirements. The hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network is used to evaluate the health status and operation capacity of hydrogen fuel cells and determine their adaptability in grid-connected or off-grid modes.

[0025] Furthermore, the construction of the power integrated operation evaluation network includes:

[0026] Constructing a power operation database, the power operation database includes a historical power grid operation status data set and a historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set; extracting associated features from the historical power grid operation status data set and the historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set respectively to obtain an initial power grid operation associated feature set and an initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set; performing dimensionality reduction identification training on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to obtain a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; connecting the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network in series with equal weights to construct a power integrated operation evaluation network, and storing the constructed power integrated operation evaluation network in the analytical evaluation module.

[0027] Specifically, historical power grid operation status data and hydrogen fuel cell operation status data are collected and stored to form a power operation database. The historical power grid operation status data set includes information such as power grid voltage fluctuation, frequency deviation, load demand change, and power grid fault recovery time. The historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set includes information such as battery output power, temperature change, fuel consumption rate, aging status, and fault records. Key features related to power grid operation stability are extracted from the historical power grid operation status data set to form an initial power grid operation-related feature set, such as voltage stability index, frequency change rate, load adaptability, etc. Key features related to fuel cell health status and operation performance are extracted from the historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set to form an initial hydrogen fuel cell-related feature set, such as power output characteristics, operating temperature range, fuel utilization, etc. The initial power grid operation-related feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell-related feature set are respectively Dimensionality reduction processing is used to reduce data redundancy and retain core features. Label training algorithms (such as neural networks, autoencoders, etc.) are used to optimize feature expression to obtain a power grid operation status assessment network and a hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network. The power grid operation status assessment network is used to calculate power grid stability parameters in real time, and the hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network is used to dynamically assess fuel cell health and performance parameters. The power grid operation status assessment network and the hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network are connected in series with equal weights to ensure that both have equal contributions in the power integrated operation assessment. Dynamic collaborative analysis of the two assessment networks is achieved through fusion algorithms (such as weighted graph networks) to build a complete power integrated operation assessment network. The built power integrated operation assessment network is stored in the analytical assessment module, which can call the assessment network to parse the real-time multi-dimensional perception data stream and output power operation stability parameters to provide a decision-making basis for the subsequent intelligent switching module.

[0028] Furthermore, the obtaining of the power grid operation status assessment network and the hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network includes:

[0029] The initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set are subjected to dimensionality reduction processing to obtain a power grid operation feature sample set and a hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set; characteristic analysis is performed on the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set to obtain power grid data characteristic information and hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information; a power grid data evaluation model set and a hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set are selected based on the power grid data evaluation model set and the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set; based on the power grid data evaluation model set and the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set, integrated training optimization is performed on the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set to obtain the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network.

[0030] Specifically, principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA) or autoencoder technology is used to perform dimensionality reduction processing on the initial power grid operation related feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell related feature set, remove redundant information and optimize feature representation, so as to obtain efficiently expressed power grid operation feature sample sets and hydrogen fuel cell feature sample sets, retaining key influencing factors such as power grid voltage fluctuation rate, frequency deviation rate, fuel cell output power efficiency, etc.; characteristic analysis is performed on the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set, respectively, to extract the core data characteristic information of the sample sets, the power grid data characteristic information includes timing fluctuation characteristics, load response characteristics and frequency regulation capability, and the hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information includes performance change trend, aging characteristics and stability characteristics; according to the power grid data characteristic information and the hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information, a suitable evaluation model set is selected, and the power grid data evaluation model set can be Including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), long short-term memory network (LSTM), etc., the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set may include decision tree (DT), gradient boosting tree (GBDT), deep neural network (DNN), etc.; based on the selected model set, the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set are respectively integrated trained and optimized; by integrating the power grid data evaluation model set (model fusion, such as weighted average, can be used), the prediction results of multiple models are integrated to obtain the power grid operation status evaluation network; by integrating the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set (model fusion, such as weighted average, can be used), the fuel cell state prediction ability is optimized to obtain the hydrogen fuel cell state evaluation network; the optimized and trained power grid operation status evaluation network and hydrogen fuel cell state evaluation network are output, which are used to evaluate the power grid stability and fuel cell operation health status in real time, respectively.

[0031] Furthermore, the obtaining of the power grid operation characteristic sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell characteristic sample set includes:

[0032] Acquire information on factors influencing power grid operation and information on factors influencing hydrogen fuel cell operation; based on the information on factors influencing power grid operation and information on factors influencing hydrogen fuel cell operation, respectively perform correlation analysis on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to determine a power grid operation feature correlation set and a hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; construct power grid operation feature clusters and hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters based on the power grid operation feature correlation set and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; perform feature dimensionality reduction screening on the power grid operation feature clusters and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters according to a preset distance to obtain the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set.

[0033] Specifically, information on factors affecting grid operation is obtained, covering key parameters affecting grid stability, such as voltage fluctuation rate, frequency deviation, load change rate and power supply reliability indicators; information on factors affecting hydrogen fuel cell operation is obtained, covering main parameters affecting battery performance, such as output power, operating temperature, fuel utilization efficiency and aging characteristics; based on the information on factors affecting grid operation and hydrogen fuel cell operation, correlation analysis is performed on the initial grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set, respectively, and statistical correlation analysis (such as Pearson correlation coefficient) can be used to quantify the degree of correlation between features and influencing factors, thereby obtaining a grid operation feature correlation set and a hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; based on the grid operation feature correlation set and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set, a clustering algorithm (such as K-means, DBSCAN or hierarchical clustering) is used to group highly correlated features. The power grid operation feature clusters are clustered according to the degree features, and the power grid operation feature clusters are respectively constructed, including feature groups with similar correlation properties, such as voltage stability feature clusters and load fluctuation feature clusters. The hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters include performance parameter related feature groups, such as power output feature clusters and fuel efficiency feature clusters. According to the preset distance criterion (such as Euclidean distance or cosine similarity), the power grid operation feature clusters and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters are screened by dimensionality reduction to remove redundant features. For the power grid operation feature cluster, the core features that have the greatest impact on the operation status are retained by dimensionality reduction, such as power grid frequency deviation rate and load response time. For the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature cluster, the most representative features are retained by dimensionality reduction, such as fuel utilization efficiency and output power stability index. The screened power grid operation feature sample set and hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set are output as input data sets for subsequent training of the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network, respectively.

[0034] The multi-dimensional operation perception data stream is analyzed and evaluated based on the power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain power operation stability parameters.

[0035] The multi-dimensional operation perception data stream obtained through the data perception module is input into the power integrated operation evaluation network. Based on the power integrated operation evaluation network, the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network are analyzed respectively to extract power grid characteristics (grid voltage fluctuation, frequency change rate, load change trend, etc.) and fuel cell characteristics (output power stability, fuel consumption efficiency, operating temperature, etc.); the power grid operation status evaluation network is used to comprehensively evaluate the multi-dimensional characteristics of the power grid operation status and generate power grid stability evaluation parameters; the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network is used to dynamically analyze the fuel cell operation characteristics and generate fuel cell health status evaluation parameters; the power grid stability evaluation parameters and the fuel cell health status evaluation parameters are combined to calculate the overall power operation stability parameters through a weighted fusion algorithm (such as hierarchical weighted fusion and Bayesian inference). The operation stability parameters are used to quantify the current stability of the power grid.

[0036] The on-grid and off-grid switching strategy is called according to the intelligent switching module, and the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy is triggered based on the matching of the power operation stability parameter with the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy.

[0037] The intelligent switching module stores the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy library, including switching rules and parameter thresholds applicable to different working conditions, such as off-grid switching strategy when the grid is abnormal, rapid adjustment strategy for sudden increase or decrease in load, and power supply switching strategy for abnormal fuel cell status. The power operation stability parameters are parsed, including the current grid stability index, fuel cell health status assessment value, and load power demand trend; judgments are made based on the matching rules of stability parameters, for example, when the grid frequency fluctuation exceeds the preset threshold, the off-grid strategy is triggered, and when the fuel cell output power is insufficient, priority is given to grid-connected supplementary power supply; based on the matching results, switching control decisions are generated, such as grid-connected startup, off-grid exit, or power supply mode adjustment.

[0038] Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is subjected to on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control.

[0039] Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is controlled to achieve intelligent switching between the on-grid mode and the off-grid mode.

[0040] Furthermore, the on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control of the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy includes:

[0041] Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, a target on-grid and off-grid mode is determined; the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is switched on and off-grid according to the target on-grid and off-grid mode to obtain an on-grid and off-grid control strategy; based on the on-grid and off-grid control strategy, an on-grid and off-grid control strategy space is mined and constructed; based on the power operation stability parameters, the on-grid and off-grid control strategy space is subjected to control analysis and optimization to determine target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters, and power supply coordination control is performed through the target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0042] Specifically, the off-grid control activation strategy is analyzed based on the power operation stability parameters to determine the target on-grid and off-grid modes. The on-grid mode is selected when the grid is operating normally and the fuel cell cannot meet the load demand alone, and the off-grid mode is selected when the grid is abnormal or independent power supply is required. The hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is switched according to the target on-grid and off-grid modes, and the grid connection is completed by gradually synchronizing the power of the fuel cell and the grid, or the off-grid switching is completed by increasing the power supply ratio of the fuel cell and the energy storage device, and the corresponding on-grid and off-grid control strategies are generated, including power distribution, load priority management and energy balance measures. By mining historical operation data and real-time sensing Based on the known data, a grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space is constructed, which includes multiple power supply modes, dynamic power allocation parameters and load priorities, including strategy combinations under different grid-connected and off-grid modes. An optimization algorithm (such as particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm or dynamic programming) is used to calculate and evaluate the adaptability of different strategies. With power supply stability, switching response time and system efficiency as optimization goals, the optimal strategy is selected from the strategy space, and the target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters are determined. According to the determined target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters, the power supply coordination control is adjusted in real time, including dynamic power regulation (adjusting the output power ratio of fuel cells, energy storage devices and power grids) and load management.

[0043] Furthermore, the on-grid and off-grid control strategies specifically include: a on-grid control strategy in a on-grid mode and an island control strategy in an off-grid mode.

[0044] In grid-connected mode, a grid-connected control strategy is adopted to ensure the synchronous operation of the hydrogen fuel cell system and the power grid; in off-grid mode, an island control strategy is adopted to ensure that the hydrogen fuel cell system can stably supply power to the load.

[0045] Furthermore, the target determination and off-grid control strategy parameters include:

[0046] The power operation stability parameter is used as a constraint parameter, and the grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space is controlled and analyzed to obtain a control strategy parameter threshold; a control strategy fitness function is constructed according to the grid-connected and off-grid control objectives; a plurality of control strategy parameters are randomly selected within the control strategy parameter threshold, and the control strategy fitness function is used to perform global optimization on the plurality of control strategy parameters to obtain the target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0047] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the target and off-grid control strategy parameters includes:

[0048] The control strategy fitness function is used to evaluate the fitness of the multiple control strategy parameters to obtain multiple strategy parameter fitnesses; a gradient ascent calculation is performed on the multiple strategy parameter fitnesses to determine the strategy parameter optimization direction; the control strategy parameter thresholds are iteratively optimized according to the strategy parameter optimization direction to determine the target and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0049] Preferably, the power operation stability parameters are input as constraints into the grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space, and the initial threshold range of the strategy parameters is obtained through analytical analysis. The control strategy parameter threshold reflects the basic limitations of system operation safety and stability; then, according to the grid-connected and off-grid control objectives (such as the shortest switching response time or the highest power supply stability), a control strategy fitness function is constructed, which takes power supply efficiency, switching stability and load satisfaction rate as optimization objectives, and randomly selects multiple control strategy parameters within the control strategy parameter threshold range for preliminary optimization evaluation; then, the fitness function is used to calculate the fitness of the selected multiple control strategy parameters, evaluate the effect of each parameter combination under the current working conditions, and calculate the fitness gradient rising direction based on the evaluation results, and take the parameter direction with the largest gradient rising as the optimization direction; finally, the control strategy parameter threshold is iterated for multiple times according to the optimization direction, and the parameter range and specific value are gradually adjusted until the parameter combination that makes the fitness function optimal is found, and the final target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters are determined.

[0050] Further, the method comprises:

[0051] Perform on-grid and off-grid switching monitoring on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller to obtain the switching response rate of the grid-connected controller; determine the controller switching delay coefficient based on the grid-connected controller switching response rate; perform power supply loss analysis on the controller switching delay coefficient to obtain the controller power supply loss factor, and determine the power supply compensation factor based on the controller power supply loss factor; perform additional optimization and correction on the target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters based on the power supply compensation factor.

[0052] Firstly, the grid-connected and off-grid switching of the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is monitored, and the response rate between the grid and the fuel cell during the switching process is recorded to obtain the key indicators of the switching response rate. Subsequently, according to the switching response rate, the delay of the controller in the switching of the grid-connected and off-grid modes is calculated to generate a switching delay coefficient, which reflects the dynamic response capability of the controller during the switching process. Next, the switching delay coefficient is used to analyze the power supply loss, evaluate the load power supply shortage or overpower supply caused by the delay, and calculate the controller power supply loss factor, which is the power supply impact factor = load interruption power × interruption time + excess power supply power × excess time. The controller power supply loss factor quantifies the impact of power supply fluctuations that may be caused during the switching process. Furthermore, based on the power supply loss factor, combined with the load demand and the system energy balance, the corresponding power supply compensation factor (power supply compensation factor = power supply loss factor / switching time) is determined to offset the power shortage or overload caused by the switching delay. Finally, the power supply compensation factor is used to perform additional optimization and correction on the target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters to ensure that the strategy parameters can dynamically adapt to the actual power supply demand during the switching process, improve the switching stability and power supply continuity, and thus achieve further optimization of the controller performance.

[0053] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0054] First, a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is obtained, and the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module. Then, the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream is monitored and obtained through the data perception module, and the sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream include the hydrogen fuel cell system, the energy storage device, the power grid, and the load. At the same time, a power integrated operation evaluation network is built according to the analysis and evaluation module, and the power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network. Then, the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream is analyzed and evaluated based on the power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain the power operation stability parameter. Further, the grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy is called according to the intelligent switching module, and the grid-connected and off-grid switching strategy is matched based on the power operation stability parameter, and the grid-connected and off-grid control activation strategy is triggered. Finally, the grid-connected and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control of the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller are performed based on the grid-connected and off-grid control activation strategy. The technical problem that the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is difficult to intelligently switch the grid-connected and off-grid mode according to the power operation status in the prior art is solved, and the technical effect of intelligent grid-connected and off-grid mode switching is achieved.

[0055] Embodiment 2, based on the same inventive concept as the on-grid and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller in the aforementioned embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides an on-grid and off-grid switching system for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, wherein the system includes:

[0056] Interaction component 11: obtains a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, which has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module; data acquisition component 12: monitors and obtains a multi-dimensional operation perception data stream through the data perception module, and the source of the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream includes a hydrogen fuel cell system, an energy storage device, a power grid, and a load; an evaluation network construction component 13: builds an electric power integrated operation evaluation network according to the analysis and evaluation module, and the electric power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; analysis and evaluation component 14: analyzes and evaluates the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream based on the electric power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain a power operation stability parameter; strategy matching component 15: calls the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, matches the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy based on the power operation stability parameter, and triggers the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy; control component 16: performs on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy.

[0057] Furthermore, the evaluation network building component 13 is used to perform the following method:

[0058] Constructing a power operation database, the power operation database includes a historical power grid operation status data set and a historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set; extracting associated features from the historical power grid operation status data set and the historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set respectively to obtain an initial power grid operation associated feature set and an initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set; performing dimensionality reduction identification training on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to obtain a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; connecting the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network in series with equal weights to construct a power integrated operation evaluation network, and storing the constructed power integrated operation evaluation network in the analytical evaluation module.

[0059] Furthermore, the evaluation network building component 13 is used to perform the following method:

[0060] The initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set are subjected to dimensionality reduction processing to obtain a power grid operation feature sample set and a hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set; characteristic analysis is performed on the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set to obtain power grid data characteristic information and hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information; a power grid data evaluation model set and a hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set are selected based on the power grid data evaluation model set and the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set; based on the power grid data evaluation model set and the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set, integrated training optimization is performed on the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set to obtain the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network.

[0061] Furthermore, the evaluation network building component 13 is used to perform the following method:

[0062] Acquire information on factors influencing power grid operation and information on factors influencing hydrogen fuel cell operation; based on the information on factors influencing power grid operation and information on factors influencing hydrogen fuel cell operation, respectively perform correlation analysis on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to determine a power grid operation feature correlation set and a hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; construct power grid operation feature clusters and hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters based on the power grid operation feature correlation set and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; perform feature dimensionality reduction screening on the power grid operation feature clusters and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature clusters according to a preset distance to obtain the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set.

[0063] Furthermore, the control component 16 is used to execute the following method:

[0064] Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, a target on-grid and off-grid mode is determined; the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is switched on and off-grid according to the target on-grid and off-grid mode to obtain an on-grid and off-grid control strategy; based on the on-grid and off-grid control strategy, an on-grid and off-grid control strategy space is mined and constructed; based on the power operation stability parameters, the on-grid and off-grid control strategy space is subjected to control analysis and optimization to determine target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters, and power supply coordination control is performed through the target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0065] Furthermore, the control component 16 is used to execute the following method:

[0066] The power operation stability parameter is used as a constraint parameter, and the grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space is controlled and analyzed to obtain a control strategy parameter threshold; a control strategy fitness function is constructed according to the grid-connected and off-grid control objectives; a plurality of control strategy parameters are randomly selected within the control strategy parameter threshold, and the control strategy fitness function is used to perform global optimization on the plurality of control strategy parameters to obtain the target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0067] Furthermore, the control component 16 is used to execute the following method:

[0068] The control strategy fitness function is used to evaluate the fitness of the multiple control strategy parameters to obtain multiple strategy parameter fitnesses; a gradient ascent calculation is performed on the multiple strategy parameter fitnesses to determine the strategy parameter optimization direction; the control strategy parameter thresholds are iteratively optimized according to the strategy parameter optimization direction to determine the target and off-grid control strategy parameters.

[0069] Furthermore, the control component 16 is used to execute the following method:

[0070] Perform on-grid and off-grid switching monitoring on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller to obtain the switching response rate of the grid-connected controller; determine the controller switching delay coefficient based on the grid-connected controller switching response rate; perform power supply loss analysis on the controller switching delay coefficient to obtain the controller power supply loss factor, and determine the power supply compensation factor based on the controller power supply loss factor; perform additional optimization and correction on the target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters based on the power supply compensation factor.

[0071] Furthermore, the control component 16 is used to execute the following method:

[0072] The on-grid and off-grid control strategies specifically include: a on-grid control strategy in a on-grid mode and an island control strategy in an off-grid mode.

[0073] It should be noted that the above-mentioned sequence of the embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. And the above-mentioned specific embodiments of this specification are described. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0075] This specification and drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application and are deemed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the present application and its equivalents, the present application intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has a built-in data sensing module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module; The data sensing module is used to monitor and acquire a multi-dimensional operation sensing data stream, wherein the multi-dimensional operation sensing data stream comes from a hydrogen fuel cell system, an energy storage device, a power grid, and a load; Building a power integrated operation evaluation network according to the analytical evaluation module, wherein the power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; Analyze and evaluate the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream based on the power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain power operation stability parameters; Calling the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, triggering the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy based on matching the power operation stability parameter with the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy; Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller is subjected to on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control.

2. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the power integrated operation evaluation network includes: Constructing a power operation database, wherein the power operation database includes a historical power grid operation status data set and a historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set; Extracting correlation features from the historical power grid operation status data set and the historical hydrogen fuel cell operation status data set respectively to obtain an initial power grid operation correlation feature set and an initial hydrogen fuel cell correlation feature set; Performing dimension reduction identification training on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to obtain a power grid operation state evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell state evaluation network; The power grid operation status assessment network and the hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network are connected in series with equal weights to build a power integrated operation assessment network, and the built power integrated operation assessment network is stored in the analytical assessment module.

3. The grid-connected and off-grid switching method for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the power grid operation status assessment network and the hydrogen fuel cell status assessment network comprises: Performing dimensionality reduction processing on the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set to obtain a power grid operation feature sample set and a hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set; Performing characteristic analysis on the power grid operation characteristic sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell characteristic sample set respectively to obtain power grid data characteristic information and hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information; Selecting a power grid data evaluation model set and a hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set according to the power grid data characteristic information and the hydrogen fuel cell data characteristic information; Based on the power grid data evaluation model set and the hydrogen fuel cell evaluation model set, the power grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set are respectively integrated trained and optimized to obtain the power grid operation status evaluation network and the hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network.

4. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a power grid operation feature sample set and a hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set comprises: Obtain information on factors affecting power grid operation and factors affecting hydrogen fuel cell operation; Based on the information of the influencing factors of the power grid operation and the influencing factors of the hydrogen fuel cell operation, respectively, the initial power grid operation associated feature set and the initial hydrogen fuel cell associated feature set are analyzed for correlation, and a power grid operation feature correlation set and a hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set are determined; Constructing a power grid operation feature cluster and a hydrogen fuel cell operation feature cluster according to the power grid operation feature correlation set and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature correlation set; The grid operation feature cluster and the hydrogen fuel cell operation feature cluster are subjected to feature dimension reduction screening according to a preset distance to obtain the grid operation feature sample set and the hydrogen fuel cell feature sample set.

5. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of performing grid-connection and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller based on the grid-connection and off-grid control activation strategy includes: Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, determining a target on-grid and off-grid mode; Switching the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller on and off the grid according to the target grid-connected and off-grid mode to obtain a grid-connected and off-grid control strategy; According to the on-grid and off-grid control strategies, mining and constructing on-grid and off-grid control strategy space; Based on the power operation stability parameters, the grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space is optimized through control analysis to determine target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters, and power supply coordination control is performed through the target grid-connected and off-grid control strategy parameters.

6. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The target and off-grid control strategy parameters are determined, including: Taking the power operation stability parameter as a constraint parameter, performing control analysis on the grid-connected and off-grid control strategy space to obtain a control strategy parameter threshold; According to the on-grid and off-grid control objectives, the control strategy fitness function is constructed; A plurality of control strategy parameters are randomly selected within the control strategy parameter threshold, and the control strategy fitness function is used to perform global optimization on the plurality of control strategy parameters to obtain the target and off-grid control strategy parameters.

7. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 6, characterized in that: The obtaining of the target and off-grid control strategy parameters includes: Using the control strategy fitness function to evaluate the fitness of the multiple control strategy parameters to obtain the fitness of multiple strategy parameters; A gradient ascent calculation is performed on the fitness of the multiple strategy parameters to determine a strategy parameter optimization direction, and the control strategy parameter threshold is iteratively optimized according to the strategy parameter optimization direction to determine the target and off-grid control strategy parameters.

8. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method comprises: Performing on-grid and off-grid switching monitoring on the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller to obtain a switching response rate of the grid-connected controller; Determining a controller switching delay coefficient according to the switching response rate of the grid-connected controller; Performing a power loss analysis on the controller switching delay coefficient to obtain a controller power loss factor, and determining a power compensation factor based on the controller power loss factor; The target on-grid and off-grid control strategy parameters are additionally optimized and corrected based on the power supply compensation factor.

9. The method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The on-grid and off-grid control strategies specifically include: a on-grid control strategy in a on-grid mode and an island control strategy in an off-grid mode.

10. A grid-connected and off-grid switching system for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, characterized in that: A method for switching between grid and off-grid for a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprising: Interactive component: obtaining a hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller has a built-in data perception module, an analysis and evaluation module, and an intelligent switching module; Data acquisition component: monitoring and acquiring multi-dimensional operation perception data streams through the data perception module, wherein the sources of the multi-dimensional operation perception data streams include hydrogen fuel cell systems, energy storage devices, power grids, and loads; Evaluation network building component: building a power integrated operation evaluation network according to the analytical evaluation module, wherein the power integrated operation evaluation network includes a power grid operation status evaluation network and a hydrogen fuel cell status evaluation network; Parsing and evaluating component: parsing and evaluating the multi-dimensional operation perception data stream based on the power integrated operation evaluation network to obtain power operation stability parameters; Strategy matching component: calling the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy according to the intelligent switching module, matching the on-grid and off-grid switching strategy based on the power operation stability parameter, and triggering the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy; Control component: Based on the on-grid and off-grid control activation strategy, the hydrogen fuel cell grid-connected controller performs on-grid and off-grid switching and power supply coordination control.

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