Double-ring friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-ring friction nano-generator, solves the problem of how to realize high output, durability and moisture resistance of a friction nano-generator in ocean navigation, and belongs to the field of motors. The nanometer generator comprises an outer ring friction nanometer generator and an inner ring friction nanometer generator, wherein the inner ring friction nanometer generator is positioned in an inner ring of the outer ring friction nanometer generator; friction materials of the outer ring friction nanometer generator and the inner ring friction nanometer generator are wool felts. And an air gap is formed in a circuit of the outer ring friction nanometer generator. The device is used for drinking water sterilization and water quality detection in ocean navigation. The wool felt is used as the friction material for the first time, so that the performance, durability and wettability of the friction nano generator are improved. By introducing the air gap, the irradiance of the ultraviolet lamp driven by the outer ring friction nano-generator is improved, so that the sterilization efficiency of drinking water is improved. The inner ring friction nanometer generator can drive a drinking water quality detection system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a double-ring friction nanogenerator, belonging to the field of motors. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of global integration, ocean navigation plays a vital role in economic, cultural and trade exchanges. In practice, healthy and safe drinking water stored in ships provides a basic guarantee for ocean navigation. Infectious diseases caused by bacterially contaminated drinking water pose a major threat to the health of crew members. The demand for high voltage (over 800V) and complex voltage boost circuits for UV disinfection technology increase costs and limit its application. In addition, drinking water quality testing during ocean navigation has also become a hot research topic. Drinking water is stored in closed tanks for a long time, and its physical and chemical properties (such as pH, conductivity, total dissolved solids content, etc.) may change, directly affecting its water quality. Therefore, how to provide power for the water quality detection system has become a challenge. Traditional battery and grid power supply not only increase energy consumption, but also have a negative impact on the marine environment due to pollution from discarded batteries. Therefore, how to provide a stable and long-term power supply for drinking water disinfection and water quality detection systems is crucial, and collecting wind energy during ocean navigation provides a promising solution to this problem.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are considered a promising technology for converting wind energy into electrical energy. Although various strategies such as surface modification, charge injection, and charge pumping have been used to improve output, durability and moisture resistance must also be considered in long-term operation and in humid environments such as the ocean. To improve durability, researchers have introduced non-contact and automatic switching modes, which extend the service life, but the output is reduced due to low charge density. Subsequently, soft contact modes were proposed to balance output and durability. According to the triboelectric series, friction material pairs with high output are mostly organic polymers, but their moisture resistance is affected by the shielding of surface charges by water molecules. Recently, mulberry silk has been used as a friction material for the first time to balance output, durability, and moisture resistance. Among them, the animal protein component improves stability in humid environments. In addition, the high charge density and fluffy structure also ensure output and durability. However, the specific breeding conditions and specialized processing technology of mulberry silk increase the cost and limit its application prospects. Therefore, a new strategy is needed to enable TENG to achieve high output, durability, and moisture resistance in ocean voyages. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem of how to achieve high output, durability and moisture resistance of a friction nanogenerator during ocean navigation, the present invention provides a double-ring friction nanogenerator based on wool felt.

[0005] A dual-ring friction nanogenerator of the present invention comprises an outer-ring friction nanogenerator and an inner-ring friction nanogenerator, wherein the inner-ring friction nanogenerator is located in the inner ring of the outer-ring friction nanogenerator;

[0006] The friction materials of the outer ring friction nanogenerator and the inner ring friction nanogenerator are both wool felt.

[0007] Preferably, an air gap is provided in the circuit of the outer ring friction nanogenerator.

[0008] Preferably, the outer ring friction nanogenerator includes 30 pairs of electrodes, and the inner ring friction nanogenerator includes 15 pairs of electrodes.

[0009] Preferably, the outer ring friction nanogenerator provides power for ultraviolet drinking water disinfection, and the inner ring friction nanogenerator provides power for the self-powered water quality detection system.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the present application also includes a power management circuit, which includes a rectifier circuit, an input capacitor C in , transient voltage suppression diode D 5 , silicon controlled rectifier SCR, inductor L, diode D 6 and output capacitor C out ;

[0011] The power output of the inner ring friction nanogenerator is input to the rectifier circuit;

[0012] One end of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input capacitor C in One end of the transient voltage suppression diode D 5 The cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR and the anode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR are connected at the same time, and the transient voltage suppression diode D 5 The anode of the diode D 6 The cathode of the inductor L is connected to one end of the inductor L, and the other end of the inductor L is connected to the output capacitor C out One end is connected to the other end of the rectifier circuit and the input capacitor C in The other end of the diode D 6 The anode and output capacitor C out The other end is connected at the same time.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a double-ring friction nanogenerator, comprising:

[0014] Making a stator: First, according to the outer ring friction nanogenerator and the inner ring friction nanogenerator of the double-ring friction nanogenerator of claim 3, 15 pairs of grid-shaped tin electrodes and 30 pairs of grid-shaped tin electrodes are etched on a PCB board;

[0015] Then, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is pasted on the PCB board to complete the stator;

[0016] Making the rotor: Cut 3mm thick wool felt into the same shape as the grid-shaped tin electrode and stick it to the acrylic plate to complete the rotor.

[0017] Preferably, the inner diameter of the 15 pairs of mesh-shaped tin electrodes is 6 mm, and the outer diameter is 99 mm; the inner diameter of the 30 pairs of mesh-shaped tin electrodes is 101 mm, and the outer diameter is 200 mm.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention is a double-ring friction nanogenerator based on wool felt, which is used for drinking water sterilization and water quality detection during ocean navigation. Compared with traditional work, the main innovative advantages of this system include: (i) wool felt is used as a friction material for the first time, which improves the performance, durability and moisture resistance of the friction nanogenerator. (ii) by introducing an air gap, the irradiance of the ultraviolet lamp driven by the outer ring friction nanogenerator is increased, thereby improving the sterilization efficiency of drinking water. (iii) The inner ring friction nanogenerator can drive the drinking water quality detection system.

[0019] The present invention provides guidance for the manufacture of friction materials with high output, durability and moisture resistance, laying a foundation for wind energy collection in wet environments and its practical application in ocean navigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The application of the double-ring friction nanogenerator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The application and structure of the double-ring friction nanogenerator for wind energy collection, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the double-ring friction nanogenerator in ocean navigation, (b) is the chemical properties of wool felt, (c) is the structure of the double-ring friction nanogenerator, and (d) is an optical photo of the double-ring friction nanogenerator;

[0022] Figure 3 This is the power management circuit diagram;

[0023] Figure 4The output performance verification effect diagram of the dual-ring friction nanogenerator of the present invention, wherein (a) is the peak-to-peak value of the open circuit voltage, the peak-to-peak value of the short-circuit current and the transferred charge of the dual-ring friction nanogenerator, (b) is the open circuit voltage, short-circuit current and transferred charge of the dual-ring friction nanogenerator at 300rpm, (c) is the average power of the outer ring friction nanogenerator, and (d) is the average power of the inner ring friction nanogenerator. (e) is the average power comparison of the dual-ring friction nanogenerator with TENG-1 and TENG-2, and (f) is the structural diagram of TENG-1 and TENG-2; OR-TENG represents the outer ring friction nanogenerator, and IR-TENG is the inner ring friction nanogenerator;

[0024] Figure 5 The durability and moisture resistance performance verification effect diagram of the present invention, wherein (a) is the durability of the outer ring friction nanogenerator, (b) is the SEM image of the wool felt before and after 1.8×106 cycles, (c) is the SEM image of the PTFE film before and after 1.8×106 cycles, and (d) is the moisture resistance of the outer ring friction nanogenerator;

[0025] Figure 6 The disinfection efficiency verification effect diagram of the present invention introducing an air gap, wherein (a) is a gap adjustment device. (b) The specific size of the discharge needle, (c) is a schematic diagram and photo of the ultraviolet lamp powered by the outer ring friction nanogenerator, (i, iii) are with an air gap, (ii, iv) are without an air gap; (d) is the voltage of the ultraviolet lamp under different air gaps, (e) is the effect of rotation speed on the irradiance of the ultraviolet lamp, (f) is a schematic diagram of water disinfection in water bath mode, (g) is the disinfection performance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) at 500rpm and 50mm reactor diameter, (h) is the disinfection performance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) at 500rpm and 50mm reactor diameter;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a power supply performance verification effect diagram of the self-powered water quality detection of the present invention, wherein (a) is a flow chart of the self-powered water quality detection system, (b) is the charging voltage of the 15mF capacitor with and without the power management circuit, (c) is the charging voltage of the 15mF capacitor when it is in intermittent charging mode to power the water quality detection pen, and (d) is the charging voltage of the 15mF capacitor when it is in continuous charging mode to power the water quality detection pen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] The double-ring triboelectric nanogenerator of this embodiment includes an outer-ring triboelectric nanogenerator and an inner-ring triboelectric nanogenerator, wherein the inner-ring triboelectric nanogenerator is located in the inner ring of the outer-ring triboelectric nanogenerator, and the friction materials of the outer-ring triboelectric nanogenerator and the inner-ring triboelectric nanogenerator are both wool felt. An air gap is provided in the circuit of the outer-ring triboelectric nanogenerator.

[0031] In practical applications, the dual-ring friction nanogenerator is installed on a ship to collect wind energy and generate electricity for drinking water disinfection and water quality testing, such as Figure 2 As shown in (a). This embodiment uses wool felt as the friction material, and the wool felt is made of tightly wound wool. The animal protein in natural wool contains 20 kinds of amino acids, 55% of which are rich in hydrophilic groups. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the dipeptide formed by the condensation of aspartic acid and serine contains multiple hydrophilic groups (e.g., -COOH, -NH2, -CO-NH2), which enables it to maintain dynamic water balance and maintain stable output in a humid environment. Figure 2 The corresponding chemical formula is shown in (b). Figure 2 (c) and Figure 2 (d) shows the structure diagram and actual photo of the double-ring triboelectric nanogenerator, the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator and the inner ring triboelectric nanogenerator of the double-ring triboelectric nanogenerator respectively contain 30 pairs and 15 pairs of electrodes. The double-ring structure of this embodiment can effectively improve the output power. Figure 1 The application of dual-ring triboelectric nanogenerators was demonstrated, where the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator provided power for UV drinking water disinfection, and the inner ring triboelectric nanogenerator powered a self-powered water quality detection system. An air gap was introduced in the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator circuit to improve the disinfection efficiency.

[0032] The dual-ring friction nanogenerator of this embodiment further includes a power management circuit, which includes a rectifier circuit, an input capacitor C in(3.3nF), transient voltage suppression diode D 5 , Silicon controlled rectifier SCR, inductor L (1.5mH), diode D 6 and output capacitor C out ;

[0033] The power output of the inner ring friction nanogenerator is input to the rectifier circuit;

[0034] One end of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input capacitor C in One end of the transient voltage suppression diode D 5 The cathode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR and the anode of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR are connected at the same time, and the transient voltage suppression diode D 5 The anode of the diode D 6 The cathode of the inductor L is connected to one end of the inductor L, and the other end of the inductor L is connected to the output capacitor C out One end is connected to the other end of the rectifier circuit and the input capacitor C in The other end of the diode D 6 The anode and output capacitor C out The other end of the Figure 3 As shown: The output of the inner ring tribo-nanogenerator is first converted into direct current through a rectifier circuit consisting of four diodes. Then, it is input into capacitor C in Charge until the voltage exceeds the diode D 5 The clamping voltage of the silicon controlled rectifier SCR is turned on. At this time, the input capacitor C in The energy stored in the capacitor is transferred to the inductor L through the silicon controlled rectifier SCR, and the diode D6 connects the input capacitor C in The voltage is locked at about 0. Finally, energy flows from the inductor L to the output capacitor C out .

[0035] The steps for making the double-ring friction nanogenerator of this embodiment are as follows:

[0036] The dual-ring friction nanogenerator consists of a stator and a rotor. For the stator, 15 pairs and 30 pairs of mesh tin electrodes are etched on the PCB board. Then, the PTFE film is pasted on the PCB board. For the rotor, wool felt (3mm thick) is cut into the same shape as the electrode and pasted on the acrylic board. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the 15 pairs of mesh tin electrodes is 6mm and the outer diameter is 99mm, and the inner diameter of the 30 pairs of mesh tin electrodes is 101mm and the outer diameter is 200mm.

[0037] Bacterial culture and sterilization: Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) were selected as model bacteria. The bacterial samples were first cultured in LB medium and then washed with deionized water (DI water). The bacteria were suspended in DI water to obtain a concentration of 10 7 CFU / ml of bacterial solution. In the water disinfection experiment, the UV lamp was wrapped with a glass tube with an inner diameter of 20 mm and an outer diameter of 23 mm to prevent it from contacting the water. Then, the glass tube was vertically inserted into the center of a container filled with a 100 mm deep bacterial solution. In order to calculate the disinfection efficiency (η), the untreated (C 0 ) and after treatment (C 1 ) concentration of the bacterial solution. The treated bacterial solution was serially diluted with DI water at a ratio of 1 / 10, 1 / 100, 1 / 1000 and 1 / 10000. Then, 100 μL of the undiluted and diluted bacterial solution was spread on LB agar plates and incubated.

[0038] verify:

[0039] Figure 4 (a) shows the effect of rotation speed on open circuit voltage (V OC )Peak-to-Peak(V OCP ), short circuit current (I SC )Peak-to-Peak(I SCP ) and the effect of the transferred charge (Q). Overall, the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator (V OC :2820V,I SC :764.75μA,Q:914nC) and inner ring triboelectric nanogenerator (V OC :2220V,I SC The maximum values ​​of the three evaluation parameters (A: 145.19μA, Q: 319nC) are all achieved at 500rpm. Figure 4 (c) and (d) show the average power at 300 rpm. The average power of the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator is 199.09 mW, which is significantly higher than the average power of the inner ring triboelectric nanogenerator (40.91 mW). Figure 4 (e) compares the average power of the dual-ring triboelectric nanogenerator, TENG-1 (only the outer ring triboelectric nanogenerator structure) and TENG-2 (only the inner ring triboelectric nanogenerator structure). Figure 4 As shown in (f) and (g), the average power of the dual-ring triboelectric nanogenerator is 240.00 mW, while the average power of TENG-1 and TENG-2 is only 209.04 mW and 129.56 mW, respectively.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown in (a): The fluffy structure of the wool felt ensures that the outer ring friction nanogenerator can 6 After 10 cycles, Q remains stable, showing excellent durability. Figure 5 (b) and (c) show the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of wool felt and PTFE before and after operation. The surfaces of the two friction materials almost maintain their original morphology. Figure 5 (d) shows that the transferred charge of the outer ring tribo-nanogenerator is almost unaffected by relative humidity. Therefore, the strong charge binding ability, fluffy structure, and water absorption of wool felt are helpful to fabricate TENGs that work under high humidity and have high output, durability, and moisture resistance.

[0041] The outer ring tribo-nanogenerator is used as a power source for UV radiation without any circuit, thus significantly expanding the application potential of UV technology. To improve the disinfection efficiency, an air gap is introduced in the circuit. Figure 6 (a) shows a gap adjustment device, in which the tips of two needles are placed opposite each other due to the tip effect. The specific dimensions of the needles are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in (b). Figure 6 (c) shows the schematic diagram and photos of the outer ring tribo-nanogenerator powered UV lamp with and without air gap. The UV lamp with air gap emits significantly stronger light, indicating that higher disinfection efficiency can be achieved. Figure 6 (d) compares the voltage of the UV lamp under different air gaps. As the air gap increases, the voltage rises from 580V (no air gap) to 1660V (air gap of 0.4mm), and then decreases. Therefore, an air gap of 0.4mm was selected for the disinfection experiment. Figure 6 In (e), the effect of rotation speed on irradiance was studied. As the rotation speed increased, the irradiance increased, and the irradiance with air gap was significantly higher than that without air gap. In order to study the effect of air gap on disinfection performance, the experiment was carried out in water bath mode, such as Figure 6 In (f), the reactor diameter is 50 mm and the rotation speed is 500 rpm. Figure 6 (g) and (h) show the sterilization performance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. With air gaps, the sterilization efficiency of both bacteria is significantly higher than that without air gaps. Specifically, complete disinfection (>6-log removal) of S. aureus takes 9 minutes, while E. coli only takes 6 minutes. However, the disinfection efficiency of S. aureus without air gaps after 9 minutes and E. coli without air gaps after 6 minutes is only 3.14-log and 3.31-log removal, respectively.

[0042] Drinking water quality detection plays a vital role in ocean navigation. This embodiment proposes a self-powered water quality detection system powered by an inner ring friction nanogenerator (collecting wind energy), such as Figure 7 In order to verify the superiority of the power management circuit, a capacitor charging experiment was carried out using a 15mF capacitor as an example. Figure 7 As shown in (b). Without the power management circuit, the capacitor can only be charged to 2.3V after 200 seconds, while with the power management circuit, it can be charged to 6V in just 44 seconds, indicating that the charging efficiency is improved by about 10 times. For drinking water quality detection, a commercial water quality pen with Bluetooth transmission but no battery is used as a detector and connected to the power management circuit. First, D 6 Charges to 6V in 44 seconds and then turns on the detector. Energy from D 6 Flow to the detector until D 6 When the voltage drops below the operating voltage of 2.8V, the detector stops working. 6 Charge again to 6V. Figure 7 (c) and (d) show two different working modes: intermittent charging mode and continuous charging mode. In the intermittent charging mode and continuous charging mode, the working time of the detector with Bluetooth transmission is about 12 seconds and 20 seconds respectively.

[0043] Although the present invention is described herein with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that the various dependent claims and features described herein may be combined in a manner different from that described in the original claims. It should also be understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims

1. Double-ring friction nanogenerator, characterized in that: It includes an outer ring friction nanogenerator and an inner ring friction nanogenerator, wherein the inner ring friction nanogenerator is located in the inner ring of the outer ring friction nanogenerator; The friction materials of the outer ring friction nanogenerator and the inner ring friction nanogenerator are both made of wool felt.

2. The double-ring friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air gap is provided in the circuit of the outer ring tribo-nanogenerator.

3. The double-ring friction nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring friction nanogenerator includes 30 pairs of electrodes, and the inner ring friction nanogenerator includes 15 pairs of electrodes.

4. The double-ring friction nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer ring tribo-nanogenerator provides power for ultraviolet drinking water disinfection, while the inner ring tribo-nanogenerator provides power for the self-powered water quality detection system.

5. The double-ring friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management circuit also includes a rectifier circuit, an input capacitor C in , transient voltage suppression diode D5, silicon controlled rectifier SCR, inductor L, diode D6 and output capacitor C out ; The power output of the inner ring friction nanogenerator is input to the rectifier circuit; One end of the rectifier circuit is connected to the input capacitor C in The cathode of the transient voltage suppression diode D5 and the anode of the silicon-controlled rectifier SCR are connected at the same time. The anode of the transient voltage suppression diode D5, the cathode of the silicon-controlled rectifier SCR, the cathode of the diode D6 and one end of the inductor L are connected at the same time. The other end of the inductor L is connected to the output capacitor C out One end is connected to the other end of the rectifier circuit and the input capacitor C in The other end of the diode D6, the anode and the output capacitor C out The other end is connected at the same time.

6. The method for making the double-ring friction nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: include: Making a stator: First, according to the outer ring friction nanogenerator and the inner ring friction nanogenerator of the double-ring friction nanogenerator of claim 3, 15 pairs of grid-shaped tin electrodes and 30 pairs of grid-shaped tin electrodes are etched on a PCB board; Then, the polytetrafluoroethylene film is pasted on the PCB board to complete the stator; Making the rotor: Cut 3mm thick wool felt into the same shape as the grid-shaped tin electrode and stick it to the acrylic plate to complete the rotor.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the 15 pairs of mesh-shaped tin electrodes is 6 mm, and the outer diameter is 99 mm; the inner diameter of the 30 pairs of mesh-shaped tin electrodes is 101 mm, and the outer diameter is 200 mm.

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