Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof. The solar cell module includes a first unit and a second unit. The first unit includes a first solar cell and a first protection element, wherein the first solar cell and the first protection element are coupled in parallel. The second unit includes a second solar cell and a second protection element, where the second solar cell and the second protection element are coupled in parallel, and the first unit is electrically connected to the second unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof, and in particular to a solar cell module with a protection element and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Current solar cell modules usually include a plurality of solar cells connected in series. When one or more solar cells in the solar cell module are shielded by foreign objects or shadows, or are damaged and cannot function normally, the entire solar cell module will not function normally. Since most of the solar cell modules are installed outdoors, it is inevitable that one or more solar cells are shielded by foreign objects or shadows, or even damaged. Therefore, how to make the solar cell module still generate electricity normally when one or more solar cells cannot function normally is a critical issue. Summary of the invention

[0003] According to a specific embodiment of the content disclosed in the present invention, a solar cell module is disclosed. The solar cell module includes a first unit and a second unit. The first unit includes a first solar cell and a first protection element, wherein the first solar cell and the first protection element are coupled in parallel. The second unit includes a second solar cell and a second protection element, wherein the second solar cell and the second protection element are coupled in parallel, and the first unit is electrically connected to the second unit.

[0004] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a solar cell module is disclosed. The solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of protection elements. The plurality of protection elements are coupled in parallel with the plurality of solar cells one by one.

[0005] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a solar cell module is disclosed. The method comprises: (a) placing a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of protection elements on a carrier; and

[0006] (b) The solar cell and the protection element are coupled in parallel one to one, and the solar cell is electrically connected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Various aspects of the present disclosure are best understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry, various features are not drawn to scale.

[0008] Figure 1 The figure is a three-dimensional top view schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 Yes Display Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first horizontal row of solar cell modules.

[0010] Figure 3 Yes Display Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the fourth horizontal row of solar cell modules.

[0011] Figure 4 Yes Display Figure 1 A three-dimensional bottom-up schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0012] Figure 5 Yes Display Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first horizontal row of solar cell modules.

[0013] Figure 6 Yes Display Figure 4 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the fourth horizontal row of solar cell modules.

[0014] Figure 7 Yes Display Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a cross section along line II in a solar cell module.

[0015] Figure 8 Yes Display Figure 7 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0016] Fig. 9 Yes Display Figure 1 Circuit diagram of a solar cell module.

[0017] Fig.10 The figure is a three-dimensional top view schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Fig.11 Yes Display Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a cross section along line II-II in a solar cell module.

[0019] Fig.12 The figure is a three-dimensional top view schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Fig.13 Yes Display Fig.12 Circuit diagram of a solar cell module.

[0021] Fig.14 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Fig.15 Yes Display Fig.14 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0023] Fig.16 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Fig.17 Yes Display Fig.16 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0025] Fig.18 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Fig.19 Yes Display Fig.18 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module.

[0027] Figures 20 to 35 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 36 to Figure 38 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figures 39 to 44 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The components, values, operations, materials, and arrangements disclosed below are only specific embodiments or examples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, a first element formed above or on a second element may include different specific embodiments, wherein the first element and the second element may be in direct contact. Alternatively, the first element and the second element may not be in direct contact, and may include additional elements located between the first element and the second element.

[0031] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional top view of a solar cell module 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Yes Display Figure 1 FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first horizontal row 51 of solar cell modules 5 . Figure 3 Yes Display Figure 1 FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a fourth horizontal row 54 of the solar cell module 5 . Figure 4 Yes Display Figure 1 A three-dimensional bottom view of a solar cell module 5 is shown. Figure 5 Yes Display Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a first horizontal row 51 of solar cell modules 5 . Figure 6 Yes Display Figure 4 FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a fourth horizontal row 54 of the solar cell module 5 . Figure 7 Yes Display Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module 5 along line II is shown in FIG. Figure 8 Yes Display Figure 7 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module 5 is shown.

[0032] The solar cell module 5 may include a plurality of solar cells 60, a plurality of protection elements 61, a plurality of conductive elements 62, an upper conductive structure 63, a lower conductive structure 64, a main protective portion 55, an upper transparent protective portion 56, and a lower transparent protective portion 57. In one embodiment, the solar cells 60, the protection elements 61, and the conductive elements 62 are arranged in an array, so the solar cells 60, the protection elements 61, and the conductive elements 62 may include a first row 51, a second row 52, ​​a third row 53, and a fourth row 54.

[0033] The solar cell 60 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, and has a negative electrode 601 (e.g., upper or first electrode) and a positive electrode 602 (e.g., lower or second electrode). The positive electrode 602 (e.g., lower or second electrode) is relative to the negative electrode 601 (e.g., upper or first electrode). For example, the solar cell 60 may include a first solar cell 10, 10a, a second solar cell 20, 20a, a third solar cell 30, 30a, and a fourth solar cell 40, 40a. The protection element 61 is used to provide a bypass circuit to protect the solar cell 60. The protection element 61 may be a diode element (e.g., Schottky diode), which has a P electrode 611 (e.g., upper or first electrode) and an N electrode 612 (e.g., lower or second electrode). The N electrode 612 (e.g., lower or second electrode) is relative to the P electrode 611 (e.g., upper or first electrode). For example, the protection element 61 may include a first protection element 11, 11a, a second protection element 21, 21a, a third protection element 31, 31a, and a fourth protection element 41, 41a. The conductive element 62 may be a metal block structure or an interconnection via, which is used to electrically connect or electrically conduct the upper conductive structure 63 and the lower conductive structure 64. For example, the conductive element 62 may include a first conductive element 12, 12a, a second conductive element 22, 22a, a third conductive element 32, 32a, and a fourth conductive element 42, 42a.

[0034] In one embodiment, the upper conductive structure 63 may include a plurality of upper conductive lines 631, which are spaced apart from each other. The upper conductive line 631 may be a redistribution layer (RDL) formed by an electroplating process. The upper conductive line 631 may include a seed layer (e.g., titanium copper) and a conductive material (e.g., copper or copper alloy) located on the seed layer. In one embodiment, the lower conductive structure 64 includes a plurality of lower conductive lines 641 and at least one lower connecting line 642, 646. The lower conductive lines 641 are spaced apart from each other. The at least one lower connecting line 642, 646 electrically connects the solar cells 60, the protection element 61 and the conductive element 62 of different horizontal rows (for example, the first horizontal row 51, the second horizontal row 52, ​​the third horizontal row 53 and the fourth horizontal row 54) to couple the solar cells 60, the protection element 61 and the conductive element 62 of different horizontal rows (for example, the first horizontal row 51, the second horizontal row 52, ​​the third horizontal row 53 and the fourth horizontal row 54) in series or in parallel.

[0035] The lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646 may be a redistribution layer (RDL) and formed by an electroplating process. The lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646 may include a seed layer (e.g., titanium copper) and a conductive material (e.g., copper or copper alloy) located on the seed layer. The upper conductive structure 63 (e.g., the upper conductive circuit 631) is relative to the lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646). The upper conductive structure 63 is located above the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62. The lower conductive structure 64 is located below the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62.

[0036] The upper conductive circuit 631 electrically connects the negative pole 601 of the solar cell 60 and the P pole 611 of the protection element 61 at the same time, and the lower conductive circuit 641 electrically connects the positive pole 602 of the solar cell 60 and the N pole 612 of the protection element 61 at the same time. Therefore, the protection element 61 and the solar cell 60 are coupled in parallel one-to-one (or referred to as parallel electrical coupling, parallel electrical connection, parallel electrical connection, or parallel electrical conduction). That is, one solar cell 60 will have a corresponding protection element 61 coupled in parallel with it. In one embodiment, the number of the protection elements 61 may be equal to, less than, or greater than the number of the solar cells 60. That is, there may be more than two solar cells 60 and one protection element 61 coupled in parallel. In addition, the protection elements 61 are respectively located between the solar cells 60. That is, a protection element 61 is set between two adjacent solar cells 60.

[0037] The upper conductive circuit 631 extends above the conductive element 62 and electrically connects the conductive element 62. Another lower conductive circuit 641 extends below the conductive element 62 and electrically connects the conductive element 62. Therefore, one conductive element 62 electrically connects (or electrically conducts) different electrodes of adjacent solar cells 60. For example, the conductive element 62 electrically connects the negative electrode 601 of the solar cell 60 and the positive electrode 602 of the adjacent solar cell 60. Furthermore, the conductive element 62 electrically connects (or electrically conducts) different electrodes of adjacent protection elements 61. For example, the conductive element 62 electrically connects the P pole 611 of the protection element 61 and the N pole 612 of the adjacent protection element 61. Therefore, the solar cells 60 located in the same horizontal row are coupled in series, and the protection elements 61 located in the same horizontal row are also coupled in series. The conductive elements 62 are respectively located between the solar cells 60. That is, a conductive element 62 is provided between two adjacent solar cells 60. In addition, the protection element 61 is located between the conductive element 62 and the solar cell 60 .

[0038] The main protection portion 55 (e.g., main protection layer) is used to cover the solar cell 60, the protection element 61 and the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the main protection portion 55 includes a dielectric material or an insulating material. In one embodiment, the main protection portion 55 includes a transparent material, such as ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer (EVA). In one embodiment, the solar cell 60 has a first surface 603 (e.g., upper surface) and a second surface 604 (e.g., lower surface) opposite to the first surface 603. The negative electrode 601 is adjacent to the first surface 603. The positive electrode 602 is adjacent to the second surface 604. The protection element 61 has a first surface 613 (e.g., upper surface) and a second surface 614 (e.g., lower surface) opposite to the first surface 613. The P pole 611 is adjacent to the first surface 613. The N pole 612 is adjacent to the second surface 614.

[0039] The conductive element 62 has a first surface 623 (e.g., an upper surface) and a second surface 624 (e.g., a lower surface) opposite to the first surface 623. In one embodiment, the thickness of the main protection portion 55 is approximately equal to the thickness of the solar cell 60, the thickness of the protection element 61, and the thickness of the conductive element 62. Therefore, the first surface 553 (e.g., an upper surface) of the main protection portion 55 is substantially flush with the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. In other words, the main protection portion 55 does not cover the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. The first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62 are exposed from the main protection portion 55.

[0040] The second surface 554 (e.g., the lower surface) of the main protection portion 55 is substantially flush with the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62. In other words, the main protection portion 55 does not cover the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62. The second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62 are exposed from the main protection portion 55.

[0041] In another embodiment, the thickness of the main protection portion 55 is greater than the thickness of the solar cell 60, the thickness of the protection element 61, and the thickness of the conductive element 62. Therefore, the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 is higher than the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. In other words, the main protection portion 55 covers the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62.

[0042] The upper conductive structure 63 (e.g., the upper conductive circuit 631) is located on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, and is located above the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62 are exposed from the main protection portion 55, and the upper conductive structure 63 (e.g., the upper conductive circuit 631) directly contacts and electrically connects the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. In another embodiment, the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62 are covered by the main protection portion 55, and the upper conductive structure 63 (for example, the upper conductive circuit 631) is electrically connected to the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62 via a plurality of conductive vias located in the main protection portion 55.

[0043] The upper transparent protective portion 56 (e.g., upper transparent protective layer) is used to cover the upper side of the main protective portion 55, the upper conductive structure 63 (e.g., the upper conductive line 631), the upper side of the solar cell 60, the upper side of the protective element 61, and the upper side of the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the upper transparent protective portion 56 includes a dielectric material or an insulating material. In one embodiment, the upper transparent protective portion 56 includes a transparent material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). In one embodiment, the upper transparent protective portion 56 covers and contacts the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protective element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. In another embodiment, the upper transparent protective portion 56 does not contact the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protective element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62.

[0044] In one embodiment, the material of the upper transparent protective portion 56 is different from that of the main protective portion 55, and therefore, there is a visible interface or obvious interface between the upper transparent protective portion 56 and the main protective portion 55, for example, the first surface 553 of the main protective portion 55. The visible interface here may also be referred to as a "first visible interface" or an "upper visible interface". In another embodiment, the material of the upper transparent protective portion 56 is the same as that of the main protective portion 55, and therefore, there is no visible interface or obvious interface between the upper transparent protective portion 56 and the main protective portion 55, that is, the first surface 553 of the main protective portion 55 does not actually exist.

[0045] The lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646) is located on the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55, and is located below the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62 are exposed from the main protection portion 55, and the lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641) is located on the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62, and the lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641) directly contacts and electrically connects the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62.

[0046] The lower transparent protection portion 57 (e.g., lower transparent protection layer) is used to cover the lower side of the main protection portion 55, the lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646), the lower side of the solar cell 60, the lower side of the protection element 61, and the lower side of the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the lower transparent protection portion 57 includes a dielectric material or an insulating material. In one embodiment, the lower transparent protection portion 57 includes a transparent material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). In one embodiment, the lower transparent protection portion 57 covers and contacts the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62.

[0047] In one embodiment, the material of the lower transparent protective portion 57 is different from that of the main protective portion 55, and therefore, there is a visible interface or obvious interface between the lower transparent protective portion 57 and the main protective portion 55, for example, the second surface 554 of the main protective portion 55. The visible interface here may also be referred to as a "second visible interface" or a "lower visible interface". In another embodiment, the material of the lower transparent protective portion 57 is the same as that of the main protective portion 55, and therefore, there is no visible interface or obvious interface between the lower transparent protective portion 57 and the main protective portion 55, that is, the second surface 554 of the main protective portion 55 does not actually exist.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the first row 51 may include a first solar cell 10, a second solar cell 20, a third solar cell 30, a fourth solar cell 40, a first protection element 11, a second protection element 21, a third protection element 31, a fourth protection element 41, a first conductive element 12, a second conductive element 22, a third conductive element 32, and a fourth conductive element 42. The upper conductive circuit 631 of the upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive circuit 13, a second upper conductive circuit 23, a third upper conductive circuit 33, and a fourth upper conductive circuit 43. The lower conductive circuit 641 of the lower conductive structure 64 may include a first lower conductive circuit 14, a second lower conductive circuit 24, a third lower conductive circuit 34, and a fourth lower conductive circuit 44.

[0049] For example, the first solar cell 10, the first protection element 11 and the first conductive element 12 form a first unit 1. The second solar cell 20, the second protection element 21 and the second conductive element 22 form a second unit 2. The third solar cell 30, the third protection element 31 and the third conductive element 32 form a third unit 3. The fourth solar cell 40, the fourth protection element 41 and the fourth conductive element 42 form a fourth unit 4. That is, the solar cell module 5 may include a plurality of units (e.g., the first unit 1, the second unit 2, the third unit 3 and the fourth unit 4). The first unit 1 includes the first solar cell 10, the first protection element 11 and the first conductive element 12. The second unit 2 includes the second solar cell 20, the second protection element 21 and the second conductive element 22. The third unit 3 includes the third solar cell 30, the third protection element 31 and the third conductive element 32. The fourth unit 4 includes the fourth solar cell 40, the fourth protection element 41 and the fourth conductive element 42. In one embodiment, the first unit 1, the second unit 2, the third unit 3 and the fourth unit 4 are electrically connected, for example, coupled in series. In addition, in one embodiment, the first conductive element 12 may be omitted.

[0050] The first solar cell 10 has a cathode 101 (e.g., upper or first electrode) and a cathode 102 (e.g., lower or second electrode). The cathode 102 (e.g., lower or second electrode) is opposite to the cathode 101 (e.g., upper or first electrode). The first solar cell 10 has a first surface 103 (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 104 (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 104 is opposite to the first surface 103. The cathode 101 is adjacent to the first surface 103. The cathode 102 is adjacent to the second surface 104.

[0051] The first protection element 11 is located between the first solar cell 10 and the first conductive element 12. The first protection element 11 is used to provide a by-pass circuit to protect the first solar cell 10. The first protection element 11 can be a first diode element, which has a P pole 111 (e.g., upper part or first pole) and an N pole 112 (e.g., lower part or second pole). The N pole 112 (e.g., lower part or second pole) is relative to the P pole 111 (e.g., upper part or first pole). The first protection element 11 has a first surface 113 (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 114 (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 114 is relative to the first surface 113. The P pole 111 is adjacent to the first surface 113. The N pole 112 is adjacent to the second surface 114.

[0052] The first conductive element 12 may be a metal block structure or an interconnection via, which is used to electrically connect or electrically conduct the first upper conductive line 13 of the upper conductive structure 63 and a lower conductive line of the lower conductive structure 64. The first conductive element 12 has a first surface 123 (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 124 (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface).

[0053] The first upper conductive circuit 13 may include a seed layer 131 and a conductive material 132 (eg, Figure 8 The first lower conductive circuit 14 may include a seed layer 141 and a conductive material 142 (such as Figure 8 The first upper conductive circuit 13 is electrically connected to the cathode 101 of the first solar cell 10 and the P pole 111 of the first protection element 11 at the same time, and the first lower conductive circuit 14 is electrically connected to the anode 102 of the first solar cell 10 and the N pole 112 of the first protection element 11 at the same time. Therefore, the first protection element 11 is coupled in parallel with the first solar cell 10 (or electrically coupled in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, or electrically conductive in parallel).

[0054] The first upper conductive circuit 13 further extends to above the first conductive element 12 and is electrically connected to the first conductive element 12. Therefore, the first upper conductive circuit 13 is electrically connected to the negative electrode 101 of the first solar cell 10, the P pole 111 of the first protective element 11, and the first conductive element 12 at the same time. In one embodiment, the lower surface of the first upper conductive circuit 13 is in contact with the first surface 103 of the first solar cell 10, the first surface 113 of the first protective element 11, and the first surface 123 of the first conductive element 12 at the same time. In addition, the first lower conductive circuit 14 further extends to below the second conductive element 22 and is electrically connected to the second conductive element 22. Therefore, the first lower conductive circuit 14 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 102 of the first solar cell 10, the N pole 112 of the first protective element 11, and the second conductive element 22 at the same time. In one embodiment, the upper surface of the first lower conductive circuit 14 is in contact with the second surface 104 of the first solar cell 10, the second surface 114 of the first protective element 11, and the second surface 224 of the second conductive element 22 at the same time. Therefore, the first conductive element 12 is directly electrically connected to the first pole (e.g., the negative pole 101) of the first solar cell 10 and the first pole (e.g., the P pole 111) of the first protective element 11 through the first upper conductive circuit 13, and is not directly electrically connected to the second pole (e.g., the positive pole 102) of the first solar cell 10 and the second pole (e.g., the N pole 112) of the first protective element 11.

[0055] The second solar cell 20 has a cathode 201 (e.g., upper or first electrode) and a cathode 202 (e.g., lower or second electrode). The cathode 202 (e.g., lower or second electrode) is opposite to the cathode 201 (e.g., upper or first electrode). The second solar cell 20 has a first surface 203 (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 204 (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 204 is opposite to the first surface 203. The cathode 201 is adjacent to the first surface 203. The cathode 202 is adjacent to the second surface 204.

[0056] The second protection element 21 is located between the second solar cell 20 and the second conductive element 22. The second protection element 21 is used to provide a by-pass circuit to protect the second solar cell 20. The second protection element 21 can be a first diode element, which has a P pole 211 (e.g., upper or first pole) and an N pole 212 (e.g., lower or second pole). The N pole 212 (e.g., lower or second pole) is opposite to the P pole 211 (e.g., upper or first pole). The second protection element 21 has a first surface 213 (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 214 (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 214 is opposite to the first surface 213. The P pole 211 is adjacent to the first surface 213. The N pole 212 is adjacent to the second surface 214.

[0057] The second conductive element 22 may be a metal block structure or an interconnection via, which is used to electrically connect or electrically conduct the second upper conductive line 23 of the upper conductive structure 63 and the first lower conductive line 14 of the lower conductive structure 64. Therefore, the first unit 1 and the second unit 2 are coupled in series. The second conductive element 22 has a first surface 223 (e.g., an upper surface or a top surface) and a second surface 224 (e.g., a lower surface or a bottom surface).

[0058] The second upper conductive line 23 and the first upper conductive line 13 are spaced apart from each other and are independent line segments. That is, the second upper conductive line 23 is not directly connected to the first upper conductive line 13. The second upper conductive line 23 may include a seed layer 231 and a conductive material 232 (such as Figure 8 The second lower conductive line 24 and the first lower conductive line 14 are spaced apart from each other and are independent line segments. That is, the second lower conductive line 24 is not directly connected to the first lower conductive line 14. The second lower conductive line 24 may include a seed layer 241 and a conductive material 242 (such as Figure 8 The second upper conductive circuit 23 is electrically connected to the cathode 201 of the second solar cell 20 and the P pole 211 of the second protection element 21 at the same time, and the second lower conductive circuit 24 is electrically connected to the anode 202 of the second solar cell 20 and the N pole 212 of the second protection element 21 at the same time. Therefore, the second protection element 21 is coupled in parallel with the second solar cell 20 (or electrically coupled in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, or electrically conductive in parallel).

[0059] The second upper conductive circuit 23 further extends to the upper part of the second conductive element 22 and is electrically connected to the second conductive element 22. Therefore, the second upper conductive circuit 23 electrically connects the negative electrode 201 of the second solar cell 20, the P electrode 211 of the second protective element 21 and the second conductive element 22 at the same time. In addition, the second lower conductive circuit 24 further extends to the lower part of the third conductive element 32 and is electrically connected to the third conductive element 32. Therefore, the second lower conductive circuit 24 electrically connects the positive electrode 202 of the second solar cell 20, the N electrode 212 of the second protective element 21 and the third conductive element 32 at the same time. Therefore, the second conductive element 22 is directly electrically connected to the first electrode (e.g., negative electrode 201) of the second solar cell 20 and the first electrode (e.g., P electrode 211) of the second protective element 21 through the second upper conductive circuit 23, and is not directly electrically connected to the second electrode (e.g., positive electrode 202) of the second solar cell 20 and the second electrode (e.g., N electrode 212) of the second protective element 21. Furthermore, the second conductive element 22 is directly and electrically connected to the second electrode (eg, the positive electrode 102 ) of the first solar cell 10 and the second electrode (eg, the N electrode 112 ) of the first protection element 11 through the first lower conductive circuit 14 .

[0060] In addition, a first electrical path is provided between the first solar cell 10 and the first protection element 11, and a second electrical path is provided between the second solar cell 20 and the second protection element 21. The length of the first electrical path is substantially equal to the length of the second electrical path.

[0061] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the arrangement of components in the first row 51 is the same as that in the third row 53, and the arrangement of components in the second row 52 is the same as that in the fourth row 54. The arrangement of components in the first row 51 is different from that in the second row 52, ​​and the arrangement of components in the first row 51 is different from that in the fourth row 54.

[0062] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment, the fourth row 54 may include a first solar cell 10a, a second solar cell 20a, a third solar cell 30a, a fourth solar cell 40a, a first protection element 11a, a second protection element 21a, a third protection element 31a, a fourth protection element 41a, a first conductive element 12a, a second conductive element 22a, a third conductive element 32a, and a fourth conductive element 42a. The upper conductive circuit 631 of the upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive circuit 13a, a second upper conductive circuit 23a, a third upper conductive circuit 33a, and a fourth upper conductive circuit 43a. The lower conductive circuit 641 of the lower conductive structure 64 may include a first lower conductive circuit 14a, a second lower conductive circuit 24a, a third lower conductive circuit 34a, and a fourth lower conductive circuit 44a.

[0063] For example, the first solar cell 10a, the first protection element 11a and the first conductive element 12a form a first unit 1a. The second solar cell 20a, the second protection element 21a and the second conductive element 22a form a second unit 2a. The third solar cell 30a, the third protection element 31a and the third conductive element 32a form a third unit 3a. The fourth solar cell 40a, the fourth protection element 41a and the fourth conductive element 42a form a fourth unit 4a. In one embodiment, the first unit 1a, the second unit 2a, the third unit 3a and the fourth unit 4a are electrically connected, for example, coupled in series. In addition, in one embodiment, the fourth row 54 may further include a conductive element 62a.

[0064] The first solar cell 10a has a cathode 101a (e.g., upper or first electrode) and a cathode 102a (e.g., lower or second electrode). The cathode 102a (e.g., lower or second electrode) is opposite to the cathode 101a (e.g., upper or first electrode). The first solar cell 10a has a first surface 103a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 104a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 104a is opposite to the first surface 103a. The cathode 101a is adjacent to the first surface 103a. The cathode 102a is adjacent to the second surface 104a.

[0065] The first protection element 11a is located between the first solar cell 10a and the first conductive element 12a. The first protection element 11a is used to provide a by-pass circuit to protect the first solar cell 10a. The first protection element 11a can be a first diode element, which has a P pole 111a (e.g., upper part or first pole) and an N pole 112a (e.g., lower part or second pole). The N pole 112a (e.g., lower part or second pole) is relative to the P pole 111a (e.g., upper part or first pole). The first protection element 11a has a first surface 113a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 114a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 114a is relative to the first surface 113a. The P pole 111a is adjacent to the first surface 113a. The N pole 112a is adjacent to the second surface 114a.

[0066] The first conductive element 12a may be a metal block structure or an interconnection via, which is used to electrically connect or electrically conduct the first upper conductive line 13a of the upper conductive structure 63 and the second lower conductive line 24a of the lower conductive structure 64. Therefore, the first unit 1a and the second unit 2a are coupled in series. The first conductive element 12a has a first surface 123a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 124a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface).

[0067] The first upper conductive circuit 13a is electrically connected to the negative electrode 101a of the first solar cell 10a and the P electrode 111a of the first protection element 11a at the same time, and the first lower conductive circuit 14a is electrically connected to the positive electrode 102a of the first solar cell 10a and the N electrode 112a of the first protection element 11a at the same time. Therefore, the first protection element 11a is coupled in parallel with the first solar cell 10a (or electrically coupled in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, or electrically conductive in parallel).

[0068] The first upper conductive circuit 13a further extends to above the first conductive element 12a and is electrically connected to the first conductive element 12a. Therefore, the first upper conductive circuit 13a is electrically connected to the cathode 101a of the first solar cell 10a, the P pole 111a of the first protective element 11a, and the first conductive element 12a at the same time. In addition, the first lower conductive circuit 14a further extends to below the conductive element 62a and is electrically connected to the conductive element 62a. Therefore, the first lower conductive circuit 14a is electrically connected to the anode 102a of the first solar cell 10a, the N pole 112a of the first protective element 11a, and the conductive element 62a at the same time. Therefore, the first conductive element 12a is directly electrically connected to the first pole (e.g., the negative pole 101a) of the first solar cell 10a and the first pole (e.g., the P pole 111a) of the first protective element 11a through the first upper conductive circuit 13a, and is not directly electrically connected to the second pole (e.g., the positive pole 102a) of the first solar cell 10a and the second pole (e.g., the N pole 112a) of the first protective element 11a.

[0069] The second solar cell 20a has a cathode 201a (e.g., upper or first electrode) and a cathode 202a (e.g., lower or second electrode). The cathode 202a (e.g., lower or second electrode) is opposite to the cathode 201a (e.g., upper or first electrode). The second solar cell 20a has a first surface 203a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 204a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 204a is opposite to the first surface 203a. The cathode 201a is adjacent to the first surface 203a. The cathode 202a is adjacent to the second surface 204a.

[0070] The second protection element 21a is located between the second solar cell 20a and the second conductive element 22a. The second protection element 21a is used to provide a by-pass circuit to protect the second solar cell 20a. The second protection element 21a can be a first diode element, which has a P pole 211a (e.g., upper part or first pole) and an N pole 212a (e.g., lower part or second pole). The N pole 212a (e.g., lower part or second pole) is opposite to the P pole 211a (e.g., upper part or first pole). The second protection element 21a has a first surface 213a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 214a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface). The second surface 214a is opposite to the first surface 213a. The P pole 211a is adjacent to the first surface 213a. The N pole 212a is adjacent to the second surface 214a.

[0071] The second conductive element 22a may be a metal block structure or an interconnection via, which is used to electrically connect or electrically conduct the second upper conductive line 23a of the upper conductive structure 63 and the third lower conductive line 34a of the lower conductive structure 64. Therefore, the second unit 2a and the third unit 3a are coupled in series. The second conductive element 22a has a first surface 223a (e.g., upper surface or top surface) and a second surface 224a (e.g., lower surface or bottom surface).

[0072] The second upper conductive circuit 23a is spaced apart from the first upper conductive circuit 13a, and they are independent line segments. That is, the second upper conductive circuit 23a is not directly connected to the first upper conductive circuit 13a. The second lower conductive circuit 24a is spaced apart from the first lower conductive circuit 14a, and they are independent line segments. That is, the second lower conductive circuit 24a is not directly connected to the first lower conductive circuit 14a. The second upper conductive circuit 23a is electrically connected to the negative pole 201a of the second solar cell 20a and the P pole 211a of the second protection element 21a at the same time, and the second lower conductive circuit 24a is electrically connected to the positive pole 202a of the second solar cell 20a and the N pole 212a of the second protection element 21a at the same time. Therefore, the second protection element 21a is coupled in parallel with the second solar cell 20a (or referred to as parallel electrical coupling, parallel electrical connection, parallel electrical connection, or parallel electrical conduction).

[0073] The second upper conductive circuit 23a further extends to above the second conductive element 22a and is electrically connected to the second conductive element 22a. Therefore, the second upper conductive circuit 23a is electrically connected to the cathode 201a of the second solar cell 20a, the P pole 211a of the second protective element 21a, and the second conductive element 22a at the same time. In addition, the second lower conductive circuit 24a further extends to below the first conductive element 12a and is electrically connected to the first conductive element 12a. Therefore, the second lower conductive circuit 24a is electrically connected to the anode 202a of the second solar cell 20a, the N pole 212a of the second protective element 21a, and the first conductive element 12a at the same time. Therefore, the second conductive element 22a is directly electrically connected to the first pole (e.g., negative pole 201a) of the second solar cell 20a and the first pole (e.g., P pole 211a) of the second protective element 21a through the second upper conductive line 23a, and is not directly electrically connected to the second pole (e.g., positive pole 202a) of the second solar cell 20a and the second pole (e.g., N pole 212a) of the second protective element 21a. Furthermore, the first conductive element 12a is directly electrically connected to the second pole (e.g., positive pole 202a) of the second solar cell 20a and the second pole (e.g., N pole 212a) of the second protective element 21a through the second lower conductive line 24a.

[0074] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the material of the upper transparent protection portion 56 is different from that of the main protection portion 55, or the two are formed by different processes, so there is a visible interface or obvious interface between the upper transparent protection portion 56 and the main protection portion 55, for example: the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55. In addition, the material of the lower transparent protection portion 57 is different from that of the main protection portion 55, or the two are formed by different processes, so there is a visible interface or obvious interface between the lower transparent protection portion 57 and the main protection portion 55, for example: the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55.

[0075] Fig. 9 Yes Display Figure 1Schematic diagram of a circuit of a solar cell module 5. As can be seen from the figure, all rows are coupled in series. In each row, all cells are coupled in series. In each cell, a solar cell and a protection element are coupled in parallel. For example, the first row 51, the second row 52, ​​the third row 53 and the fourth row 54 are coupled in series in sequence. In the first row 51, the first cell 1, the second cell 2, the third cell 3 and the fourth cell 4 are coupled in series in sequence. In the first cell 1, the first solar cell 10 and the first protection element 11 are coupled in parallel.

[0076] Due to the design of the present invention, when one or several solar cells in the solar cell module 5 are shielded by foreign objects or blocked by shadows, or are damaged and cannot operate normally, it will not cause the entire solar cell module 5 to not operate normally. The reason is as follows: when one or several solar cells cannot operate normally, the current will flow through the corresponding protection element without interruption. Therefore, the solar cell module 5 can still generate electricity normally, but the power generation efficiency is slightly reduced, and the occurrence of hot spot effect can be avoided. In addition, in the present invention, the upper conductive structure 63 and the lower conductive structure 64 both include a redistribution layer (RDL) and are formed by an electroplating process, thereby simplifying the process of the solar cell module 5 and simplifying the installation process of the solar cell module 5.

[0077] Fig.10 FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional top view of a solar cell module 5 a according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11 Yes Display Fig.10 A schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module 5a along line II-II. Fig.10 and Fig.11 The solar cell module 5a and Figures 1 to 8 The solar cell module 5 is substantially the same as the solar cell module 5, and the differences are as follows. The material of the upper transparent protection portion 56 is the same as the material of the main protection portion 55, so there is no visible or obvious interface between the upper transparent protection portion 56 and the main protection portion 55, that is, Figures 1 to 8 The first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 does not actually exist. In addition, the material of the lower transparent protection portion 57 is the same as that of the main protection portion 55, so there is no visible or obvious interface between the lower transparent protection portion 57 and the main protection portion 55, that is, Figures 1 to 8The second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55 does not actually exist. Therefore, the upper transparent protection portion 56, the main protection portion 55 and the lower transparent protection portion 57 integrally form an encapsulant 50. The encapsulant 50 includes a dielectric material or an insulating material. In one embodiment, the encapsulant 50 includes a transparent material, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).

[0078] Fig.12 FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional top view of a solar cell module 5 b according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.13 Yes Display Fig.12 Schematic diagram of a circuit of a solar cell module 5b. Fig.12 and Fig.13 The solar cell module 5b and Figures 1 to 8 The solar cell modules 5 are substantially the same, and the differences are as follows. The solar cell module 5b includes a first row 51, a second row 52b, a third row 53, and a fourth row 54b. The arrangement of components in all rows (i.e., the first row 51, the second row 52b, the third row 53, and the fourth row 54b) is the same. For example, the arrangement of components in the first row 51 is the same as the arrangement of components in the second row 52b. The arrangement of components in the first row 51 is the same as the arrangement of components in the third row 53. The arrangement of components in the first row 51 is the same as the arrangement of components in the fourth row 54b.

[0079] In one embodiment, Fig.12 The arrangement of the components of the first row 51 is similar to Figure 1 The arrangement of the elements of the first row 51 is the same. In one embodiment, Fig.12 The fourth row 54b may include a first solar cell 10b, a second solar cell 20b, a third solar cell 30b, a fourth solar cell 40b, a first protection element 11b, a second protection element 21b, a third protection element 31b, a fourth protection element 41b, a first conductive element 12b, a second conductive element 22b, a third conductive element 32b, and a fourth conductive element 42b. The upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive circuit 13b, a second upper conductive circuit 23b, a third upper conductive circuit 33b, and a fourth upper conductive circuit 43b. The lower conductive structure 64 may include a first lower conductive circuit 14b, a second lower conductive circuit 24b, a third lower conductive circuit 34b, and a fourth lower conductive circuit 44b.

[0080] For example, the first solar cell 10b, the first protection element 11b and the first conductive element 12b form a first unit 1b. The second solar cell 20b, the second protection element 21b and the second conductive element 22b form a second unit 2b. The third solar cell 30b, the third protection element 31b and the third conductive element 32b form a third unit 3b. The fourth solar cell 40b, the fourth protection element 41b and the fourth conductive element 42b form a fourth unit 4b. The arrangement of the first unit 1b, the second unit 2b, the third unit 3b and the fourth unit 4b of the fourth row 54b is the same as the arrangement of the first unit 1, the second unit 2, the third unit 3 and the fourth unit 4 of the first row 51.

[0081] In addition, the at least one lower connection line 642, 646 electrically connects different rows (eg, the first row 51, the second row 52b, the third row 53, and the fourth row 54b) to couple the rows 51, 52b, 53, and 54b in parallel.

[0082] like Fig.13 As shown, the rows 51, 52b, 53, 54b are coupled in parallel. In each row, all cells are coupled in series. In each cell, the solar cell and the protection element are coupled in parallel.

[0083] Fig.14 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module 5 c according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.15 Yes Display Fig.14 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module 5c. Fig.14 and Fig.15 The solar cell module 5c and Figures 1 to 8 The solar cell module 5 is substantially the same as the solar cell module 5 of FIG. 1 , except that the structure of the conductive element is an interconnection via. For example, the structure of the first conductive element 12c is a first interconnection via, which is adjacent to the first protective element 11 and penetrates the main protective portion 55. The first conductive element 12c extends from the first surface 553 of the main protective portion 55 to the second surface 554 of the main protective portion 55. The first conductive element 12c is located in the first through hole 555 of the main protective portion 55, and includes the seed layer 131 and the conductive material 132 located on the seed layer 131. The first upper conductive circuit 13 and the first conductive element 12c (e.g., the first interconnection via) are formed simultaneously and integrally.

[0084] For example, the structure of the second conductive element 22c is a second interconnection through hole, which is adjacent to the second protection element 21 and penetrates the main protection portion 55. The second conductive element 22c extends from the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 to the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55. The second conductive element 22c is located in the second through hole 556 of the main protection portion 55, and includes the seed layer 231 and the conductive material 232 located on the seed layer 231. The second upper conductive line 23 and the second conductive element 22c (for example, the second interconnection through hole) are formed simultaneously and integrally.

[0085] For example, the structure of the third conductive element 32c is a third interconnection through hole, which penetrates the main protection portion 55. The third conductive element 32c extends from the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 to the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55. The third conductive element 32c is located in the third through hole 557 of the main protection portion 55. The third upper conductive line 33 and the third conductive element 32c (for example, the third interconnection through hole) are formed simultaneously and integrally.

[0086] Fig.16 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module 5 d according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.17 Yes Display Fig.16 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module 5d. Fig.16 and Fig.17 The solar cell module 5d and Figures 1 to 8 The solar cell modules 5 are substantially the same, with the differences being as follows.

[0087] The thickness of the solar cells (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the thickness of the protection element (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the thickness of the conductive element (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d) are smaller than the thickness of the main protective portion 55. In addition, the thickness of the solar cells (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the thickness of the protection element (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the thickness of the conductive element (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d) may not be equal to each other. For example, the thickness of the solar cells (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d) is greater than the thickness of the protection element (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the thickness of the conductive element (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d).

[0088] Therefore, the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 is higher than the first surface of the solar cell (for example: the first surface 103 (upper surface) of the first solar cell 10d and the first surface 203 (upper surface) of the second solar cell 20d), the first surface of the protection element (for example: the first surface 113 (upper surface) of the first protection element 11d and the first surface 213 (upper surface) of the second protection element 21d) and the first surface of the conductive element (for example: the first surface 123 (upper surface) of the first conductive element 12d, the first surface 223 (upper surface) of the second conductive element 22d and the first surface 323 (upper surface) of the third conductive element 32d). In other words, the main protection portion 55 covers the first surface of the solar cell (for example, the first surface 103 (upper surface) of the first solar cell 10d and the first surface 203 (upper surface) of the second solar cell 20d), the first surface of the protection element (for example, the first surface 113 (upper surface) of the first protection element 11d and the first surface 213 (upper surface) of the second protection element 21d), and the first surface of the conductive element (for example, the first surface 123 (upper surface) of the first conductive element 12d, the first surface 223 (upper surface) of the second conductive element 22d, and the first surface 323 (upper surface) of the third conductive element 32d).

[0089] The upper conductive circuits 13, 23 of the upper conductive structure 63 are located on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, and have a distance between them and the solar cells (for example, the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the protection elements (for example, the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d) and the conductive elements (for example, the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d and the third conductive element 32d), but are not in direct contact with each other.

[0090] The upper conductive structure 63 further includes a plurality of upper conductive vias 137, 138, 139, 237, 238, 239, 339. The upper conductive vias 137, 138, 139, 237, 238, 239, 339 penetrate through a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the solar cell 10d, 20d and the protection element 11d, 21d to electrically connect the upper conductive circuit 13, 23 and the upper surface 103, 203 of the solar cell 10d, 20d and the upper surface 113, 213 of the protection element 11d, 21d. For example, the upper conductive via 137 penetrates through a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the first solar cell 10d to electrically connect the first upper conductive circuit 13 and the first surface 103 (upper surface) of the first solar cell 10d. The upper conductive path 138 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 on the first protection element 11d to electrically connect the first upper conductive circuit 13 and the first surface 113 (upper surface) of the first protection element 11d. The upper conductive path 139 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 on the first conductive element 12d to electrically connect the first upper conductive circuit 13 and the first surface 123 (upper surface) of the first conductive element 12d.

[0091] Similarly, the upper conductive path 237 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the second solar cell 20d to electrically connect the second upper conductive circuit 23 and the first surface 203 (upper surface) of the second solar cell 20d. The upper conductive path 238 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the second protection element 21d to electrically connect the second upper conductive circuit 23 and the first surface 213 (upper surface) of the second protection element 21d. The upper conductive path 239 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the second conductive element 22d to electrically connect the second upper conductive circuit 23 and the first surface 223 (upper surface) of the second conductive element 22d. The upper conductive path 339 penetrates a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the third conductive element 32d to electrically connect the third upper conductive circuit 33 and the first surface 323 (upper surface) of the third conductive element 32d.

[0092] In one embodiment, the first upper conductive circuit 13 and the upper conductive channels 137, 138, 139 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The second upper conductive circuit 23 and the upper conductive channels 237, 238, 239 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The third upper conductive circuit 33 and the upper conductive channel 339 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The upper conductive channels 137, 138, 139 include the seed layer 131 and the conductive material 132 located on the seed layer 131. The upper conductive channels 237, 238, 239 include the seed layer 231 and the conductive material 232 located on the seed layer 231.

[0093] Fig.18 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing a solar cell module 5 e according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.19 Yes Display Fig.18 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a solar cell module 5e. Fig.18 and Fig.19 The solar cell module 5e and Fig.16 and Fig.17 The solar cell module 5d is substantially the same as that of FIG. 5 , except that the differences are as follows. Fig.18 and Fig.19In the embodiment, the conductive elements 12e, 22e, 32e are conductive via structures. For example, the first conductive element 12e is a lower conductive via 149, which contacts the upper conductive via 139. The lower conductive via 149 tapers upward, and the upper conductive via 139 tapers downward. Alternatively, the lower conductive via 149 and the upper conductive via 139 together form a conductive element. Furthermore, the second conductive element 22e is a lower conductive via 249, which contacts the upper conductive via 239. The lower conductive via 249 and the first lower conductive line 14 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The lower conductive via 249 includes the seed layer 141 and the conductive material 142 located on the seed layer 141. The lower conductive via 249 tapers upward, and the upper conductive via 239 tapers downward. Alternatively, the lower conductive via 249 and the upper conductive via 239 together form a conductive element. Furthermore, the third conductive element 32e is a lower conductive channel 349, which contacts the upper conductive channel 339. The lower conductive channel 349 and the second lower conductive line 24 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The lower conductive channel 349 includes the seed layer 241 and the conductive material 242 located on the seed layer 241. The lower conductive channel 349 tapers upward, and the upper conductive channel 339 tapers downward. Alternatively, the lower conductive channel 349 and the upper conductive channel 339 together form a conductive element.

[0094] Figures 20 to 35 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the method is used to manufacture, for example, Figures 1 to 8 Solar cell module 5.

[0095] refer to Fig. 20 and Fig.21 ,in Fig.21 yes Fig. 20 , a plurality of solar cells 60, a plurality of protection elements 61 and a plurality of conductive elements 62 are placed on a carrier 80. The solar cells 60, the protection elements 61 and the conductive elements 62 are Figure 1 The solar cell 60, the protection element 61 and the conductive element 62 are the same. Fig. 20 and Fig.21As shown, the conductive elements 62 are respectively located between the solar cells 60. That is, a conductive element 62 is disposed between two adjacent solar cells 60. In addition, the protective element 61 is between the conductive element 62 and the solar cell 60. In one embodiment, the solar cells 60, the protective element 61 and the conductive element 62 are arranged in an array, so the solar cells 60, the protective element 61 and the conductive element 62 may include a first row 51, a second row 52, ​​a third row 53 and a fourth row 54. Fig. 20 and Fig.21 The first horizontal row 51, the second horizontal row 52, ​​the third horizontal row 53 and the fourth horizontal row 54 are shown in FIG. Figure 1 The first horizontal row 51, the second horizontal row 52, ​​the third horizontal row 53 and the fourth horizontal row 54 are the same.

[0096] refer to Fig. 22 and Fig.23 ,in Fig.23 yes Fig. 22 , a main protection portion 55 is formed to cover the solar cell 60, the protection element 61 and the conductive element 62. The main protection portion 55 and Figure 1 The main protection portion 55 is the same as the main protection portion 55 of the carrier 80. In one embodiment, the thickness of the main protection portion 55 is approximately equal to the thickness of the solar cell 60, the thickness of the protection element 61, and the thickness of the conductive element 62. Therefore, the first surface 553 (e.g., the upper surface) of the main protection portion 55 is substantially flush with the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62. The second surface 554 (e.g., the lower surface) of the main protection portion 55 contacts the carrier 80 and is substantially flush with the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62.

[0097] Next, the solar cell 60 and the protection element 61 are coupled in parallel one-to-one, and the solar cell 60 is electrically connected. For example, an upper conductive structure 63 and a lower conductive structure 64 are formed on the first surface 553 (e.g., upper surface) and the second surface 554 (e.g., lower surface) of the main protection portion 55, respectively, to couple the solar cell 60 and the protection element 61 in parallel, as described below.

[0098] refer to Fig.24 and Fig.25 ,in Fig.25 yes Fig.24A local schematic diagram of the present invention shows that a seed layer 82 is formed on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, the first surface 103, 203 of the solar cell 10, 20, the first surface 113, 213 of the protection element 11, 21 and the first surface 123, 223 of the conductive element 12, 22 by, for example, electroplating.

[0099] refer to Fig.26 , Fig. 27 and Fig.28 ,in Fig. 27 yes Fig.26 A cross-sectional diagram of Fig.28 yes Fig. 27 , a conductive material 132, 232 is formed on the seed layer 82 by, for example, electroplating, and the seed layer 82 is patterned to form the upper conductive structure 63. The patterned seed layer 82, for example, includes seed layers 131, 231. The upper conductive structure 63 may include a plurality of upper conductive circuits 631. The upper conductive structure 63 (for example, the upper conductive circuit 631) is located on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, and is located above the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the upper conductive structure 63 (for example, the upper conductive circuit 631) directly contacts and electrically connects the first surface 603 of the solar cell 60, the first surface 613 of the protection element 61, and the first surface 623 of the conductive element 62.

[0100] For example, the upper conductive circuit 631 of the upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive circuit 13, 13a, a second upper conductive circuit 23, 23a, a third upper conductive circuit 33, 33a, and a fourth upper conductive circuit 43, 43a. The first upper conductive circuit 13 may include the seed layer 131 and a conductive material 132 located on the seed layer 131. The first upper conductive circuit 13 is electrically connected to the cathode 101 of the first solar cell 10 and the P pole 111 of the first protection element 11 at the same time. The first upper conductive circuit 13 further extends above the first conductive element 12 and is electrically connected to the first conductive element 12. Therefore, the first upper conductive circuit 13 is electrically connected to the cathode 101 of the first solar cell 10, the P pole 111 of the first protection element 11, and the first conductive element 12 at the same time. In addition, the second upper conductive circuit 23 may include the seed layer 231 and a conductive material 232 located on the seed layer 231. The second upper conductive circuit 23 is electrically connected to the cathode 201 of the second solar cell 20 and the P-pole 211 of the second protection element 21. The second upper conductive circuit 23 further extends above the second conductive element 22 and is electrically connected to the second conductive element 22. Therefore, the second upper conductive circuit 23 is electrically connected to the cathode 201 of the second solar cell 20, the P-pole 211 of the second protection element 21, and the second conductive element 22.

[0101] refer to Fig.29 and Fig.30 ,in Fig.30 yes Fig.29 , an upper transparent protection portion 56 is formed to cover the upper conductive structure 63 and the first surface 553 (eg, upper surface) of the main protection portion 55. Figure 1 The upper transparent protective portion 56 is the same.

[0102] refer to Fig.31 and Fig.32 ,in Fig.32 yes Fig.31 , the carrier 80 is removed. Next, a seed layer 84 is formed on the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55, the second surface 104, 204 of the solar cell 10, 20, the second surface 114, 214 of the protection element 11, 21 and the second surface 124, 224 of the conductive element 12, 22 by, for example, electroplating.

[0103] refer to Fig.33 , Fig.34 and Fig.35 ,in Fig.34 yes Fig.33 A cross-sectional diagram of Fig.35 yes Fig.34 , a conductive material 142, 242 is formed on the seed layer 84 by, for example, electroplating, and the seed layer 84 is patterned to form the lower conductive structure 64. The patterned seed layer 84, for example, includes seed layers 141, 241. The lower conductive structure 64 may include a plurality of lower conductive lines 641 and at least one lower connecting line 642, 646.

[0104] The lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641 and the lower connecting circuits 642, 646) is located on the second surface 554 of the main protection portion 55, and is located below the solar cell 60, the protection element 61, and the conductive element 62. In one embodiment, the lower conductive structure 64 (e.g., the lower conductive circuit 641) directly contacts and electrically connects the second surface 604 of the solar cell 60, the second surface 614 of the protection element 61, and the second surface 624 of the conductive element 62.

[0105] For example, the lower conductive circuit 641 of the lower conductive structure 64 may include a first lower conductive circuit 14, 14a, a second lower conductive circuit 24, 24a, a third lower conductive circuit 34, 34a and a fourth lower conductive circuit 44, 44a. The first lower conductive circuit 14 may include the seed layer 141 and the conductive material 142 located on the seed layer 141. The first lower conductive circuit 14 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 102 of the first solar cell 10 and the N pole 112 of the first protection element 11 at the same time. Therefore, the first protection element 11 is coupled in parallel with the first solar cell 10 (or electrically coupled in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, electrically connected in parallel, or electrically conductive in parallel). The first lower conductive circuit 14 further extends to the bottom of the second conductive element 22 and is electrically connected to the second conductive element 22. Therefore, the first lower conductive circuit 14 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 102 of the first solar cell 10, the N pole 112 of the first protection element 11 and the second conductive element 22 at the same time. Therefore, the first conductive element 12 is directly electrically connected to the first pole (e.g., the negative pole 101) of the first solar cell 10 and the first pole (e.g., the P pole 111) of the first protective element 11 through the first upper conductive circuit 13, and is not directly electrically connected to the second pole (e.g., the positive pole 102) of the first solar cell 10 and the second pole (e.g., the N pole 112) of the first protective element 11.

[0106] Next, a lower transparent protection portion 57 is formed to cover the lower conductive structure 64 and the second surface 554 (eg, the lower surface) of the main protection portion 55, so as to form a Figure 1 The solar cell module 5 is shown.

[0107] Figure 36 to Figure 38 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module 5c according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the method is used to manufacture, for example, Fig.14 and Fig.15 The initial steps of the method of this embodiment are similar to Figure 20 to Figure 21 The steps shown are substantially the same, except that the method of this embodiment omits the conductive elements 62 , 12 , 22 , 32 , 42 of the metal block structure.

[0108] refer to Fig.36 The main protection part 55 is formed to cover the solar cell 60 (for example, the first solar cell 10 and the second solar cell 20d) and the protection element 61 (for example, the first protection element 11 and the second protection element 21). Fig.14 The main protection part 55 is the same.

[0109] refer to Fig.37 , forming a plurality of through holes to penetrate the main protection portion 55 and expose a portion of the carrier 80. The through holes are adjacent to the protection elements. For example, the through holes include a first through hole 555, a second through hole 556, and a third through hole 557. The first through hole 555 is adjacent to the first protection element 11. The second through hole 556 is adjacent to the second protection element 21 and is located between the second protection element 21 and the first solar cell 10. The third through hole 557 is adjacent to the third protection element 31 and is located between the third protection element 31 and the second solar cell 20.

[0110] refer to Fig.38, forming an upper conductive structure 63 on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, and forming a plurality of conductive elements (interconnection through holes) in the through holes. For example, the upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive line 13, a second upper conductive line 23, and a third upper conductive line 33. The conductive elements may include a first conductive element 12c, a second conductive element 22c, and a third conductive element 32c. The structure of the first conductive element 12c is a first interconnection through hole, which is located in the first through hole 555 of the main protection portion 55. The first upper conductive line 13 and the first conductive element 12c (for example, the first interconnection through hole) may be formed simultaneously and integrally. The structure of the second conductive element 22c is a second interconnection through hole, which is located in the second through hole 556 of the main protection portion 55. The second upper conductive line 23 and the second conductive element 22c (for example, the second interconnection through hole) may be formed simultaneously and integrally. The structure of the third conductive element 32c is a third interconnection through hole, which is located in the third through hole 557 of the main protection portion 55. The third upper conductive line 33 and the third conductive element 32c (eg, the third interconnection through hole) can be formed simultaneously and integrally.

[0111] Next, the subsequent steps of the method of this embodiment are Figure 31 to Figure 35 The steps are the same as shown in Fig.14 and Fig.15 The solar cell module 5c is shown.

[0112] Figures 39 to 44 A method for manufacturing a solar cell module 5d according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the method is used to manufacture, for example, Fig.16 and Fig.17 The initial step of the method of this embodiment is similar to Figure 20 to Figure 21 The steps shown are substantially the same, except that the thickness of the solar cells (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the thickness of the protection element (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the thickness of the conductive element (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d) in this embodiment are smaller than the thickness of the main protective portion 55. In addition, the thickness of the solar cells (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the thickness of the protection element (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the thickness of the conductive element (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d) may not be equal to each other.

[0113] refer to Fig.39 , forming a main protection portion 55 to cover the solar cells 60 (e.g., the first solar cell 10d and the second solar cell 20d), the protection element 61 (e.g., the first protection element 11d and the second protection element 21d), and the conductive element 62 (e.g., the first conductive element 12d, the second conductive element 22d, and the third conductive element 32d). The main protection portion 55 and Fig.16 The main protection part 55 is the same.

[0114] like Fig.39 As shown, the main protection portion 55 covers the first surface of the solar cell (for example, the first surface 103 (upper surface) of the first solar cell 10d and the first surface 203 (upper surface) of the second solar cell 20d), the first surface of the protection element (for example, the first surface 113 (upper surface) of the first protection element 11d and the first surface 213 (upper surface) of the second protection element 21d), and the first surface of the conductive element (for example, the first surface 123 (upper surface) of the first conductive element 12d, the first surface 223 (upper surface) of the second conductive element 22d, and the first surface 323 (upper surface) of the third conductive element 32d).

[0115] refer to Fig.40 , forming a plurality of openings 558 to penetrate a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the solar cells 10d, 20d, the protection elements 11d, 21d and the conductive elements 12d, 22d, 32d, and exposing the solar cells 10d, 20d, the protection elements 11d, 21d and the conductive elements 12d, 22d, 32d.

[0116] refer to Fig.41 and Fig.42 ,in Fig.42 yes Fig.41 A partial schematic diagram of a structure in which a seed layer 82 is formed on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55 and in the opening 558 by, for example, electroplating to contact the solar cells 10d, 20d, the protection elements 11d, 21d and the conductive elements 12d, 22d, 32d.

[0117] refer to Fig.43 and Fig.44 ,in Fig.44 yes Fig.43, a conductive material 132, 232 is formed on the seed layer 82 by, for example, electroplating, and the seed layer 82 is patterned to form an upper conductive structure 63 on the first surface 553 of the main protection portion 55, and a plurality of upper conductive vias 137, 138, 139, 237, 238, 239, 339 are formed in the opening 558. The patterned seed layer 82, for example, includes seed layers 131, 231. For example, the upper conductive structure 63 may include a first upper conductive circuit 13, a second upper conductive circuit 23, and a third upper conductive circuit 33. The upper conductive channels 137, 138, 139, 237, 238, 239, 339 penetrate a portion of the main protection portion 55 located on the solar cells 10d, 20d, the protection elements 11d, 21d and the conductive elements 12d, 22d, 32d to contact and electrically connect the upper conductive circuits 13, 23 and the upper surfaces 103, 203 of the solar cells 10d, 20d, the upper surfaces 113, 213 of the protection elements 11d, 21d and the upper surfaces 123, 223, 323 of the conductive elements 12d, 22d, 32d.

[0118] In one embodiment, the first upper conductive circuit 13 and the upper conductive channels 137, 138, 139 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The second upper conductive circuit 23 and the upper conductive channels 237, 238, 239 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The third upper conductive circuit 33 and the upper conductive channel 339 are formed simultaneously and integrally. The upper conductive channels 137, 138, 139 include the seed layer 131 and the conductive material 132 located on the seed layer 131. The upper conductive channels 237, 238, 239 include the seed layer 231 and the conductive material 232 located on the seed layer 231.

[0119] Next, the subsequent steps of the method of this embodiment are Figure 31 to Figure 35 The steps are the same as shown in Fig.16 and Fig.17 The solar cell module 5d is shown.

[0120] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, those skilled in the art may modify and change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The scope of rights of the present invention shall be as listed in the claims described below. In addition, the scope of the content of the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments described in this specification. Those skilled in the art of the present invention should understand that based on the teachings of this disclosure and the disclosed processes, machines, manufacturing, material components, devices, methods or steps, whether they exist now or are developed in the future, they perform substantially the same functions in substantially the same manner as those disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and achieve substantially the same results, and can also be used in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, comprising: A first unit comprises a first solar cell and a first protection element, wherein the first solar cell and the first protection element are coupled in parallel; and The second unit includes a second solar cell and a second protection element, wherein the second solar cell and the second protection element are coupled in parallel, and the first unit is electrically connected to the second unit. 2 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the first cell and the second cell are coupled in series. 3 . The solar cell module according to claim 1 , wherein the first protection element is a first diode element, and the second protection element is a second diode element.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein a first electrical path is provided between the first solar cell and the first protection element, a second electrical path is provided between the second solar cell and the second protection element, and a length of the first electrical path is substantially equal to a length of the second electrical path.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the first unit further comprises a first conductive element electrically connecting a first electrode of the first solar cell and a first electrode of the first protection element, and not electrically connecting a second electrode of the first solar cell and a second electrode of the first protection element. 6 . The solar cell module according to claim 5 , wherein the first protection element is located between the first solar cell and the first conductive element. The solar cell module according to claim 5 , wherein the first conductive element is a metal block structure.

8. The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein the second unit further comprises a second conductive element, which electrically connects the first pole of the second solar cell and the first pole of the second protection element, and does not electrically connect the second pole of the second solar cell and the second pole of the second protection element, wherein the second conductive element electrically connects the second pole of the first solar cell and the second pole of the first protection element. 9 . The solar cell module according to claim 8 , wherein the second protection element is located between the second solar cell and the second conductive element. 10 . The solar cell module according to claim 8 , wherein the second conductive element is a metal block structure.

11. A solar cell module, comprising: a plurality of solar cells; and A plurality of protection elements are coupled in parallel with the solar cells one by one. 12 . The solar cell module according to claim 11 , wherein the protection elements are respectively located between the solar cells.

13. The solar cell module of claim 11, wherein the solar cells are coupled in series. 14 . The solar cell module according to claim 11 , further comprising a plurality of conductive elements electrically connecting different electrodes of adjacent solar cells respectively. 15 . The solar cell module according to claim 11 , further comprising a plurality of conductive circuits formed by an electroplating process. 16 . The solar cell module according to claim 15 , wherein each conductive circuit comprises a seed layer and a conductive material on the seed layer.

17. The solar cell module according to claim 11, further comprising: A main protection part, covering the solar cell and the protection element; an upper transparent protection portion covering an upper side of the main protection portion, an upper side of the solar cell, and an upper side of the protection element; and A lower transparent protection portion covers a lower side of the main protection portion, a lower side of the solar cell and a lower side of the protection element. 18 . The solar cell module according to claim 17 , wherein an upper visible interface is defined between the upper transparent protection portion and the main protection portion, and a lower visible interface is defined between the lower transparent protection portion and the main protection portion. 19 . The solar cell module according to claim 17 , wherein there is no obvious interface between the upper transparent protection portion and the main protection portion, and there is no obvious interface between the lower transparent protection portion and the main protection portion.

20. The solar cell module according to claim 17, wherein the main protection portion covers and contacts the upper surface of the solar cell and the upper surface of the protection element, and the solar cell module further comprises an upper conductive structure located on the main protection portion, the upper conductive structure comprises a plurality of upper conductive circuits and a plurality of upper conductive vias, the upper conductive vias penetrate a portion of the main protection portion located on the solar cell and the protection element to electrically connect the upper conductive circuits and the upper surface of the solar cell and the upper surface of the protection element. 21 . The solar cell module according to claim 20 , wherein the upper conductive circuit and the upper conductive channel are formed simultaneously and integrally. 22 . The solar cell module according to claim 20 , wherein the upper conductive structure further comprises a plurality of upper interconnection vias adjacent to the protection element and penetrating the main protection portion.

23. The solar cell module according to claim 17, wherein the main protection portion exposes the lower surface of the solar cell and the lower surface of the protection element, and the solar cell module further comprises a lower conductive structure located on the lower surface of the main protection portion, on the lower surface of the solar cell and on the lower surface of the protection element, the lower conductive structure comprising a plurality of lower conductive circuits to electrically connect the lower surface of the solar cell and the lower surface of the protection element. 24 . The solar cell module according to claim 23 , wherein a lower surface of the main protection portion is substantially flush with a lower surface of the solar cell and a lower surface of the protection element.

25. A method for manufacturing a solar cell module, comprising: (a) placing a plurality of solar cells and a plurality of protection components on a carrier; and (b) The solar cell and the protection element are coupled in parallel one to one, and the solar cell is electrically connected.

26. The manufacturing method according to claim 25, wherein step (a) further comprises: placing a plurality of conductive elements on the carrier, wherein step (b) further comprises: electrically connecting the conductive elements to different electrodes of adjacent solar cells.

27. The manufacturing method according to claim 25, wherein after step (a), further comprising: (a1) forming a main protection portion to cover the solar cell and the protection element; Wherein said step (b) comprises: (b1) forming an upper conductive structure and a lower conductive structure on the upper surface and the lower surface of the main protection portion respectively to couple the solar cell and the protection element in parallel.

28. The manufacturing method according to claim 27, further comprising: (c) forming an upper transparent protection portion to cover the upper conductive structure and the upper surface of the main protection portion; and (d) forming a lower transparent protection portion to cover the lower conductive structure and the lower surface of the main protection portion.

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