Method for improving pepper planting soil

Abstract

The invention discloses a pepper planting soil improvement method which comprises the following steps: S1, deep ploughing and soil improvement: deeply ploughing soil for 30-35 cm in a whole garden deep ploughing mode except for the lower part of a pepper tree crown in a planting field, harrowing, leveling, and removing sundries in the soil; then plant straw with the thickness of 5-10 cm is flatly laid, and then the soil is deeply ploughed by 30-40 cm; 1000-1500 kg of a high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100-120 kg of a calcium superphosphate phosphate fertilizer and 300-400 g of a soil conditioner are applied per 667 m < 2 >, and the soil conditioner is prepared from, by weight, 45-60 parts of egg shell residues, 2-3 parts of pepper branch wood chips, 2.5-3 parts of tea residues, 0.2-0.5 part of streptomyces erythroflavus, 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus and 0.2-0.4 part of lactic acid bacteria. The zanthoxylum soil conditioner provided by the invention is applied to zanthoxylum planting soil improvement, so that the organic matter content of zanthoxylum planting soil and agglomeration of soil particles are increased, a stable soil structure is formed, and the water-retaining property, the air permeability and the fertility of the soil are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pepper planting soil improvement, and in particular to a pepper planting soil improvement method. Background Art

[0002] Sichuan pepper is a spice plant unique to China, and has been widely used in food, medicine and other fields since ancient times. Sichuan pepper has strict requirements for suitable soil. Generally speaking, Sichuan pepper is more likely to survive in acidic, well-drained loam and sandy loam. The growth of Sichuan pepper also has certain requirements for soil fertility. When planted in too poor, wet or too saline soil, it is easy to be infected by pests and diseases, and it will also have a certain impact on yield and quality.

[0003] The improvement of pepper planting soil is an important part of improving pepper yield and quality. Due to long-term improper fertilization and excessive tillage, the pepper planting soil often has problems such as reduced organic matter, decreased fertility, and soil compaction. These problems will seriously hinder the growth and development of pepper, and reduce yield and quality. Therefore, it is very necessary to improve the soil. However, there is currently a lack of a scientific improvement method, which has led to a decrease in pepper yield and seriously restricted the development of the pepper industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a method for improving pepper planting soil to solve the problems of soil compaction and decreased fertility in pepper planting areas in the prior art.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for improving soil for growing pepper, comprising the following steps: S1. Deep tillage and soil improvement: Deep tillage is used throughout the planting area except for the area below the crown of the pepper tree. The soil is turned 30 to 35 cm deep, and the ground is harrowed and leveled to remove debris from the soil. Then, plant straw with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm is spread flat, and the soil is turned 30 to 40 cm deep. S2. Fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1000-1500 kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100-120 kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 300-400 g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 45-60 parts of egg shell residue, 2-3 parts of pepper branch sawdust, 2.5-3 parts of tea residue, 0.2-0.5 parts of red and yellow Streptomyces, 0.1-0.3 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2-0.4 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0006] Working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention: When S1 uses plant straw for fermentation, it can absorb some salt and alleviate soil salinization. Salinization refers to the process in which salt in the bottom soil or groundwater rises to the surface with capillary water, and after the water evaporates, salt accumulates in the surface soil. Soil salinization will lead to a reduction in soil aggregate structure, reduced soil permeability and air permeability, and become sticky. Cracks will appear on the surface after drying. The eggshell powder in S2 is a long-lasting phosphate fertilizer that can provide plants with the required phosphorus element, promote the bright color and gloss of pepper, and the plumpness of the fruit. Its powdered substance is porous, and the fibrous structure of tea residue makes it porous to a certain extent, which is conducive to soil ventilation and moisture retention. These porous structures provide a place for the growth of lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus.

[0007] Among them, when lactic acid bacteria grow in a porous structure, they can produce a variety of plant hormones and growth regulators, which can stimulate the growth and development of the root system of pepper and improve the ability of pepper to absorb nutrients. Lactic acid bacteria can also change the pH value of the soil through their metabolic activities, so that the soil remains slightly acidic and uses pepper to grow. Lactic acid bacteria can use the organic matter in the porous structure as a carbon source for growth and reproduction, increase the organic matter content of the soil through their metabolic activities, and the metabolites produced by lactic acid bacteria, such as polysaccharides and organic acids, help the agglomeration of soil particles, form a stable soil structure, and improve the water retention and air permeability of the soil; lactic acid bacteria can decompose organic matter in the porous structure and release nutrients that can be absorbed by plants, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. In addition, lactic acid bacteria fully grow in the porous structure, and the lactic acid bacteria in the porous structure can slow down the decomposition rate of fertilizers, so that the nutrients in the fertilizers can be supplied to plants more sustainably. This is because lactic acid bacteria consume part of the oxygen during the growth process, thereby reducing the oxygen content in the soil and slowing down the decomposition rate of organic matter.

[0008] Bacillus is often used as a raw material for biofertilizers and biopesticides. It can improve the soil environment by forming a porous structure in the soil, and improve the fertility and air permeability of the soil. At the same time, it can inhibit the growth of pathogens and reduce the occurrence of crop diseases. Bacillus can decompose organic matter, release nutrients, improve soil structure, and increase soil porosity and water retention. These changes allow the soil to provide more porous structures to provide the necessary places for lactic acid bacteria to grow. The porous structure not only provides the oxygen and nutrients required by lactic acid bacteria, but also helps the spread and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria in the soil. The metabolites of Bacillus act as growth factors for lactic acid bacteria, promoting their growth and reproduction. For example, it can secrete a variety of enzymes that can catalyze chemical reactions in the soil and increase the activity of soil enzymes. The increase in soil enzyme activity helps to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and the release of nutrients, and provide lactic acid bacteria with more carbon sources, nitrogen sources and other nutrients. For example, it can produce a variety of plant growth regulators, such as auxins and gibberellins, which help promote the growth and development of pepper. When Sichuan pepper grows healthily, its roots and leaves can secrete more nutrients and growth factors, providing more growth opportunities and nutrients for lactic acid bacteria.

[0009] Streptomyces rubrotinctus is an actinomycete that can accelerate the decomposition of organic matter and release nutrients necessary for crops, such as available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium. It can also enhance photosynthesis, induce the expression of stress resistance genes, and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops to adverse environments. In addition, Streptomyces rubrotinctus can improve soil structure, secrete colloidal substances that are conducive to the formation of soil aggregate structure, make the soil loose, breathable, and water-retaining, thereby enhancing soil fertility. This colloidal substance is conducive to the aggregation of lactic acid bacteria, that is, the phenomenon of lactic acid bacteria forming aggregates. The aggregation of lactic acid bacteria can enhance its stability and survival rate. The aggregation of lactic acid bacteria can improve the structure of the soil, making it more loose and breathable, and can effectively inhibit the activity and reproduction of harmful microorganisms in the soil.

[0010] Optimized, S2, fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1000kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 300g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 45 parts of eggshell residue, 2 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 2.5 parts of tea residues, 0.2 parts of red and yellow Streptomyces, 0.1 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0011] Optimized, S2, fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1250kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 150kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 350g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 55 parts of eggshell residue, 2.5 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 2.7 parts of tea residues, 0.3 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.2 parts of Bacillus, and 0.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0012] Optimized, S2, fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1500kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 120kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 400g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 60 parts of egg shell residue, 3 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 3 parts of tea residues, 0.5 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.3 parts of Bacillus, and 0.4 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0013] Preferably, the above-mentioned parts by mass of Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches are ground into powder to obtain Zanthoxylum bungeanum branch sawdust, and the Zanthoxylum bungeanum branch sawdust is mixed with the above-mentioned parts of additives to obtain the improver. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Embodiment 1: A method for improving soil for growing pepper, comprising the following steps: S1. Deep tillage and soil improvement: Deep tillage is used throughout the planting area except under the crown of the pepper tree. The soil is turned 35 cm deep, harrowed, leveled, and debris in the soil is removed. Then, plant straw with a thickness of 10 cm is spread flat, and the soil is turned 35 cm deep. S2, every 667m 2 Apply 1000kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 300g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 45 parts of eggshell residue, 2 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 2.5 parts of tea residues, 0.2 parts of red and yellow Streptomyces, 0.1 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0015] Example 2: The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the improver includes the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of egg shell residue, 2.5 parts of pepper branch sawdust, 2.7 parts of tea residue, 0.3 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.2 parts of Bacillus, and 0.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0016] Example 3: The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the soil conditioner includes the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of egg shell residue, 3 parts of pepper branch sawdust, 3 parts of tea residue, 0.5 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.3 parts of Bacillus, and 0.4 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0017] Example 4: The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that 300 g of soil conditioner is used, and the soil conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of egg shell residue, 2 parts of sawdust from prickly ash branches, 2.5 parts of tea residue, 0.1 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0018] Blank control example: A method for improving soil for pepper cultivation, comprising the following steps: S1. Deep tillage and soil improvement: Deep tillage is used throughout the planting area except under the crown of the pepper tree. The soil is turned 35 cm deep, harrowed, leveled, and debris in the soil is removed; then plant straw with a thickness of 10 cm is spread flat, and the soil is turned 35 cm deep; S2, every 667m 2 Apply 1000kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer and 100k of superphosphate fertilizer.

[0019] Before and 30 days after the implementation of Examples 1 to 7, 50 g of soil was taken to measure the total porosity, aeration porosity, and organic matter content, and the following data were obtained: Example 1 The initial total porosity of the planting soil was 32%, the aeration porosity was 8%, and the organic matter content was 0.2%. After 30 days, the total porosity was 44%, the aeration porosity was 15%, and the organic matter content was 2%.

[0020] Example 2 The initial total porosity of the planting soil was 21%, the aeration porosity was 2%, and the organic matter content was 0.1%. After 30 days, the total porosity was 41%, the aeration porosity was 12%, and the organic matter content was 2.3%.

[0021] Example 3 The initial total porosity of the planting soil was 35%, the aeration porosity was 10%, and the organic matter content was 0.8%. After 30 days, the total porosity was 57%, the aeration porosity was 23%, and the organic matter content was 2.4%.

[0022] Example 4 The initial total porosity of the planting soil was 32%, the aeration porosity was 8%, and the organic matter content was 0.2%. After 30 days, the total porosity was 35%, the aeration porosity was 12%, and the organic matter content was 2.1%.

[0023] Comparative example: The initial total porosity of the planting soil was 32%, the aeration porosity was 8%, and the organic matter content was 0.2%. After 30 days, the total porosity was 34%, the aeration porosity was 9%, and the organic matter content was 2%.

[0024] Before and 30 days after implementation of Example 1 and Example 4, 1 g of soil was taken respectively, and the soil was placed in 100 ml of sterile water, fully shaken, and then centrifuged to obtain the supernatant to obtain soil extract. The soil extract was diluted in a gradient manner, and solutions of a certain dilution were taken and coated on plates. After incubation, the number of colonies was counted, and the number of the microorganisms in 1 g of soil was obtained by multiplying the number of colonies by the dilution multiple, and the following data was obtained: Example 1 Before implementation, the content of Streptomyces rubrotinctum and lactic acid bacteria in the soil was 0. After 30 days of implementation, 15 colonies were counted on the plate diluted 10 to the 7th power, so the number of microorganisms in 1g of soil was 1.5×10 8 .

[0025] Example 4 Before implementation, the content of Streptomyces rubrotinctum and lactic acid bacteria in the soil was 0. After 30 days of implementation, 10 colonies were counted on the plate diluted 10 to the 7th power, so the number of microorganisms in 1g of soil was 1.0×10 8 .

[0026] From the above data, we can know that this solution can effectively solve the problems of soil and organic matter reduction, fertility decline, soil compaction, etc. in pepper planting areas. At the same time, Streptomyces erythrorhizome and lactic acid bacteria form a good symbiosis, which is conducive to soil improvement.

Claims

1. A method for improving soil for pepper planting, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Deep tillage and soil improvement: Deep tillage is used in the entire planting area except under the crown of the pepper tree. The soil is turned 30 to 35 cm deep, and the land is harrowed and leveled to remove debris from the soil. Then, plant straw with a thickness of 5 to 10 cm is spread flat, and the soil is turned 30 to 40 cm deep. S2. Fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1000-1500 kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100-120 kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 300-400 g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 45-60 parts of egg shell residue, 2-3 parts of pepper branch sawdust, 2.5-3 parts of tea residue, 0.2-0.5 parts of red and yellow Streptomyces, 0.1-0.3 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2-0.4 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

2. The method for improving soil for growing Chinese prickly ash according to claim 1, wherein: S2. Fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1000kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 100kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 300g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 45 parts of eggshell residue, 2 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 2.5 parts of tea residues, 0.2 parts of red and yellow Streptomyces, 0.1 parts of Bacillus, and 0.2 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

3. The method for improving soil for planting pepper according to claim 2, wherein: S2. Fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1250kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 150kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 350g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 55 parts of eggshell residue, 2.5 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 2.7 parts of tea residues, 0.3 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.2 parts of Bacillus, and 0.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

4. The method for improving soil for planting pepper according to claim 3, wherein: S2. Fertilization: every 667m 2 Apply 1500kg of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 120kg of superphosphate fertilizer, and 400g of soil conditioner. The soil conditioner includes the following components by weight: 60 parts of eggshell residue, 3 parts of sawdust from pepper branches, 3 parts of tea residues, 0.5 parts of Streptomyces erythroxyproteobacterium, 0.3 parts of Bacillus, and 0.4 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

5. The method for improving soil for growing pepper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The above-mentioned parts by mass of Zanthoxylum bungeanum branches are ground into powder to obtain Zanthoxylum bungeanum branch sawdust, and the Zanthoxylum bungeanum branch sawdust is mixed with the above-mentioned parts of additives to obtain the improver.