Deep-grain walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a deep-grain walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration. A feeding mechanism is located at the upper end of the middle layer of the front portion of a rack, an ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the rear end of the feeding mechanism, and a control box is arranged on the left portion between the middle layer and the lower layer of the rack; a plurality of universal rollers are fixedly connected to the lower ends of the rack bottom struts; after grading, walnuts are fed from a hopper, through matched rotation of a first clamping groove disc and a second clamping groove disc, the walnuts are finally clamped into a round groove opening of the second clamping groove disc, through ultrasonic vibration in the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism and extrusion of an electric push rod, shell breaking operation of the walnuts is completed, and the walnuts are discharged from a discharging plate. The feeding mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism are used for achieving the walnut conveying and extrusion shell breaking process, the characteristic that high-frequency vibration under the ultrasonic mechanical effect is suitable for cracking of brittle and hard materials is utilized, walnut shell breaking is assisted in combination with different physical properties of walnut shells and kernels, and the shell breaking rate and the whole kernel rate of deep-grain walnuts are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration. Background Art

[0002] Walnuts have extremely high nutritional and economic value. Deep-grained walnuts have small gaps between shells and kernels. Common shell-breaking methods are prone to damage the kernels and have a low kernel-exposed rate, which affects the value of subsequent products. Therefore, shell-breaking equipment with a high kernel-exposed rate is conducive to reducing the processing cost of deep-grained walnuts, increasing the high kernel-exposed rate and the economic added value of walnuts.

[0003] At present, walnut shelling equipment mostly adopts mechanical striking, extrusion, impact and other shelling methods. Mechanical striking methods such as patent No. 2020224785917 disclose a pecan shelling device. Through the lifting and lowering of the lifting arm and the deformation of the spring, the limit cover can better fix and limit pecans of different sizes, and the walnut shelling is completed under the impact of the shelling cylinder; the extrusion method is such as the paper "Design and Test of Six-point Extrusion Walnut Low-loss Shelling Device", which uses a six-point force extrusion clamp along the transverse diameter to squeeze and crack the walnuts more evenly. The simulation results show that when the clamp angle is 70°, the crack extension is the best, which reduces the kernel breakage rate; the collision method such as patent No. 2022235024478 discloses a walnut shelling equipment. After the walnut is crushed under the extrusion of the first clamp roller and the second clamp roller, the shell and the kernel are separated by back and forth collision between the collision roller and the collision shell. The above shelling methods and supporting devices are mostly suitable for varieties of walnuts with thin shells and large gaps between shells and kernels, and have good applicability and shelling quality.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the small gap between the shell and kernel of deep-grained walnuts, it is necessary to design a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the purposes of high reliability, good shelling quality and suitability for miniaturized home use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] A feeding mechanism is fixedly arranged on the top of the frame, and is used to put in walnuts and adjust the posture of the walnuts and distribute them individually;

[0009] An ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame, and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism is correspondingly arranged at the discharge end of the feeding mechanism, and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism is used to perform ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell-breaking on the walnuts after posture adjustment and individual distribution;

[0010] A plurality of universal rollers, fixedly arranged on the frame, and the universal rollers are used to move the frame;

[0011] A control box is arranged on the frame, and is used to control and drive the feeding mechanism and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism.

[0012] According to the present invention, a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration shell cracking mechanism includes a slip ring shaft, the slip ring shaft is fixedly arranged on the frame, both ends of the slip ring shaft are fixedly sleeved with slip ring stators, a slip ring rotor is rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators, the slip ring rotor is rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft, one end of the slip ring rotor is fixedly connected with an ultrasonic vibration component, the other end of the slip ring rotor is fixedly connected with an extrusion and crushing component, a positioning component 2 is arranged between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion and crushing component, and the positioning component 2 is fixedly connected to the slip ring rotor.

[0013] A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to the present invention, the ultrasonic vibration component includes an ultrasonic disc and an ultrasonic hole disc, the ultrasonic disc and the ultrasonic hole disc are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor, a gap is left between the ultrasonic disc and the ultrasonic hole disc, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the ultrasonic disc, the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are electrically connected to an ultrasonic power supply in common, the ultrasonic power supply is fixedly arranged on the frame, and the transmitting end of the ultrasonic transducer is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc and faces the extrusion crushing component.

[0014] According to the present invention, a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration is provided, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises a second cylinder, one end of which is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc, the other end of which is fixedly connected to an end of a first cylinder, the other end of which is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head, the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic hole disc and faces the extrusion and crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure is arranged inside the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head.

[0015] According to the present invention, a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration is provided, wherein the extrusion and crushing assembly comprises an electric push rod hole disk and an electric push rod circular disk, wherein the electric push rod hole disk and the electric push rod circular disk are fixedly arranged at the other end of the slip ring rotor, and a gap is left between the electric push rod hole disk and the electric push rod circular disk, and a plurality of electric push rods are fixedly connected to the electric push rod circular disk, and the plurality of electric push rods are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the electric push rod circular disk, and the action end of the electric push rod slides through the electric push rod hole disk and faces the ultrasonic transducer.

[0016] According to the present invention, a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration is disclosed, wherein the electric push rod includes a push rod seat body, the push rod seat body is fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc, the push rod seat body is fixedly connected with an electric push rod, the electric push rod is electrically connected to the control box, and the action end of the electric push rod slides through the electric push rod hole disc and faces the ultrasonic transducer.

[0017] According to the deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration of the present invention, the positioning component 2 includes a second slot disk, the second slot disk is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the slip ring rotor and is located between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion crushing component, the outer edge of the second slot disk is provided with a plurality of circular grooves, the plurality of circular grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second slot disk, and an arc-shaped fork is arranged in the circular groove.

[0018] A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to the present invention, the feeding mechanism includes a hopper, the hopper is fixed to the top of the frame by two outer ear plates, the bottom end of the hopper is fixedly connected to a rectangular outlet, a square notch is provided on the side of the rectangular outlet close to the ultrasonic vibration shell cracking mechanism, an inclined roller brush baffle is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the hopper, a plurality of roller brushes are arranged below the lower end of the roller brush baffle, the roller brush is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hopper, a positioning component 1 is arranged inside the rectangular outlet, the positioning component 1 is located below the plurality of roller brushes, the positioning component 1 is fixedly connected to the frame, the positioning component 1 is transmission-connected to a driving part, and the driving part is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0019] According to the present invention, a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration, the positioning component 1 includes two vertical seats, the two vertical seats are fixedly connected to the frame, a feeding shaft is rotatably connected between the two vertical seats, a first slot disk is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer side wall of the feeding shaft, a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves are provided on the edge of the first slot disk, and the plurality of elliptical positioning grooves are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first slot disk, annular grooves are provided on both sides of the elliptical positioning grooves, one end of the feeding shaft is fixedly connected to a large sprocket, and the large sprocket is transmission-connected to the driving part.

[0020] According to the deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell cracking machine based on ultrasonic vibration of the present invention, the driving part includes a motor, the motor is fixedly connected to the frame, the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to a small sprocket, and the small sprocket is transmission-connected to the large sprocket through a chain.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention realizes the process of walnut feeding, transportation, shelling and collection through a feeding mechanism and an ultrasonic vibration shelling mechanism, applies ultrasound to the field of walnut shelling, utilizes high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration under the mechanical effect of ultrasound, is suitable for the cracking needs of hard and brittle materials, accelerates the crack propagation when the walnut is squeezed, and can achieve a better shelling effect with a smaller squeezing force, which can solve the shelling difficulties of deep-grained walnuts with hard shells and small shell-kernel gaps, and improve the shelling rate and whole kernel rate;

[0023] 2. The present invention combines the characteristics of deep-grained walnuts, which have deep and rough grains, small ridge diameters, equal longitudinal and transverse diameters, low sphericity, and are not easy to roll. In the feeding mechanism, the oval positioning groove on the first slot disk is used for preliminary profiling positioning and the roller brush is used for smoothing and adjusting posture. By adjusting the rotation speed of the first slot disk and the second slot disk on the shell breaking mechanism, the oval positioning groove is accurately corresponding to the circular slot opening, ensuring that the front and rear kernels are transported continuously and orderly without interfering with each other. Under the guidance of the paddle, the walnut is pushed into the circular slot opening, so that the walnut is squeezed along the longitudinal diameter direction, and a good shell breaking effect can be achieved.

[0024] 3. The present invention connects an ultrasonic energy-focusing extrusion head suitable for deep-grained walnuts to the ultrasonic transducer, taking into account the edge effect of ultrasonic energy transmission, increasing the energy transmission efficiency when contacting and extruding the walnuts, and better achieving walnut shelling;

[0025] 4. The present invention has a simple and compact structure, has low technical requirements for operators, is easy to promote, and is suitable for small-scale household production by farmers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0027] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the hopper of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first card slot disk of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration component, the extrusion and crushing component, and the positioning component of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a second card slot disk of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic vibration component of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the extrusion and crushing assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the ultrasonic transducer of the present invention.

[0038] Among them, 1. Frame; 101. Upper longitudinal beam; 102. Vertical support one; 103. Semi-T-shaped structure; 104. Square hole; 105. Vertical support two; 106. Vertical support three; 107. Support plate one; 108. Middle longitudinal beam; 109. Support plate two; 110. Upper horizontal support; 2. Feeding mechanism; 201. Hopper; 202. Motor; 203. Chain; 204. Small sprocket; 205. Large sprocket; 206. Vertical seat; 207. First slot plate; 208. Roller brush baffle; 209. Roller brush; 210. Feeding shaft; 211. Circular groove; 212. Oval positioning groove; 213. External ear plate; 214. Square notch; 215. Rectangular outlet; 3. Ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism; 301, fan-shaped protective cover; 302, discharge plate; 303, ultrasonic power supply; 304, ultrasonic disc; 305, ultrasonic hole disc; 306, second slot disc; 307, electric push rod hole disc; 308, electric push rod disc; 309, electric push rod; 310, ultrasonic transducer; 311, slip ring stator; 312, slip ring rotor; 313, electric push rod; 314, push rod seat; 315, fixing hole one; 316, fixing hole two; 317, circular notch; 318, arc-shaped shift fork; 319, slip ring shaft; 320, ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head; 321, cylinder one; 322, cylinder two; 323, stepped ring structure; 4, universal roller; 5, control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration, comprising

[0042] Rack 1;

[0043] A feeding mechanism 2 is fixedly arranged on the top of the frame 1, and is used for feeding walnuts and adjusting the posture of the walnuts and distributing them individually;

[0044] The ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame 1, and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism 3 is correspondingly arranged at the discharge end of the feeding mechanism 2. The ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism 3 is used for ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell-breaking of the walnuts after posture adjustment and individual distribution;

[0045] A plurality of universal rollers 4 are fixedly mounted on the frame 1, and the universal rollers 4 are used to move the frame 1;

[0046] The control box 5 is arranged on the frame 1 and is used for controlling and driving the feeding mechanism 2 and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3.

[0047] Furthermore, the structure of the frame 1 includes: two upper longitudinal beams 101 and an upper cross brace 110 which are parallel to each other constitute a horizontal upper layer of the frame, the upper layer of the frame is supported by four vertical pillars 102, two parallel middle longitudinal beams 108 which constitute the middle layer of the frame, a vertical pillar 102 and a semi-T-shaped structure 103 which are located at the rear of the upper layer of the frame constitute a square hole 104, a second support plate 109 is located at the front of the middle layer of the frame, a support plate 107 constitutes the left end of the lower layer of the frame, two vertical pillars 105 are arranged along the central symmetry plane of the frame at the rear of the middle layer and the lower layer space of the frame, six vertical pillars 106 are arranged at the lower end of the lower layer of the frame, and a universal roller 4 is fixed to the lower end surface of each vertical pillar 106.

[0048] The length of the vertical support three 106 is 50mm-100mm.

[0049] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 includes a slip ring shaft 319, which is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, and slip ring stators 311 are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the slip ring shaft 319, a slip ring rotor 312 is rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators 311, and the slip ring rotor 312 is rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft 319, one end of the slip ring rotor 312 is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic vibration component, and the other end of the slip ring rotor 312 is fixedly connected to an extrusion and crushing component, and a positioning component 2 is arranged between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion and crushing component, and the positioning component 2 is fixedly connected to the slip ring rotor 312.

[0050] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 also includes a fan-shaped protective cover 301 and a discharge plate 302. The fan-shaped protective cover 301 is arranged above the outer side of the ultrasonic vibration component, the extrusion and crushing component, and the positioning component 2 to prevent the broken shell debris from splashing and injuring people. The discharge plate 302 is arranged below the outer side of the ultrasonic vibration component, the extrusion and crushing component, and the positioning component 2. The fan-shaped protective cover 301 and the discharge plate 302 are both fixedly connected to the frame 1.

[0051] The sector angle of the sector-shaped protective cover 301 is 90°-150°, and the sector angle of the sector-shaped part of the discharge plate 302 is 30°-60°.

[0052] Furthermore, the ultrasonic vibration component includes an ultrasonic disc 304 and an ultrasonic hole disc 305, which are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor 312, with a gap between the ultrasonic disc 304 and the ultrasonic hole disc 305, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc 304, and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the ultrasonic disc 304, and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers 310 are electrically connected to an ultrasonic power supply 303, which is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, and the transmitting end of the ultrasonic transducer 310 is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc 305 and faces the extrusion crushing component.

[0053] Furthermore, the ultrasonic transducer 310 includes a cylinder 322, one end of which is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc 304, the other end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the cylinder 321, the other end of which is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320, the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320 is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic hole disc 305 and faces the extrusion and crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure 323 is arranged inside the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320.

[0054] Furthermore, the extrusion and crushing assembly includes an electric push rod hole disk 307 and an electric push rod circular disk 308, which are fixedly arranged at the other end of the slip ring rotor 312, with a gap between the electric push rod hole disk 307 and the electric push rod circular disk 308, and a plurality of electric push rods 309 are fixedly connected to the electric push rod circular disk 308, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the electric push rod circular disk 308, and the action end of the electric push rod 309 slides through the electric push rod hole disk 307 and faces the ultrasonic transducer 310.

[0055] Furthermore, the electric push rod 309 includes a push rod seat body 314, which is fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc 308, and an electric push rod 313 is fixedly connected to the push rod seat body 314. The electric push rod 313 is electrically connected to the control box 5, and the action end of the electric push rod 313 slides through the electric push rod hole disc 307 and faces the ultrasonic transducer 310.

[0056] Furthermore, the second positioning component includes a second slot disk 306, which is fixedly mounted on the outside of the slip ring rotor 312 and located between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion crushing component. The outer edge of the second slot disk 306 is provided with a plurality of circular slots 317, and the plurality of circular slots 317 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second slot disk 306, and an arc-shaped fork 318 is arranged in the circular slot 317.

[0057] The left end of the slip ring stator 311 is connected to the ultrasonic power supply 303 through an electric wire, and the left part of the slip ring rotor 312 is located between the ultrasonic disc 304 and the ultrasonic hole disc 305, and a plurality of electric wires are extended from the circumference thereof to connect to the ultrasonic transducer 310, and electric energy transmission is realized through the slip ring stator 311 and the slip ring rotor 312; the right end of the slip ring stator 311 is connected to the control box 5 through an electric wire, and the right part of the slip ring rotor 312 is located between the electric push rod hole disc 307 and the electric push rod disc 308, and a plurality of electric wires are extended from the circumference thereof to connect to the electric push rod 309, and the extension and retraction action of the electric push rod 313 at a specific moment and the speed adjustment of the slip ring rotor 312 are realized through the control of the control box 5.

[0058] As the slip ring rotor 312 rotates, the second slot disk 306 fixed thereto cooperates with the first slot disk 207 in the feeding mechanism 2 to rotate clockwise, and the elliptical positioning groove 212 on the first slot disk 207 corresponds to the circular groove 317 on the second slot disk 306. Under the guidance of the arc-shaped fork 318, the walnuts in the elliptical positioning groove 212 are pushed into the circular groove 317 after preliminary shape-imitation positioning and smoothing and posture adjustment by the roller brush 209. At this time, the longitudinal diameter direction of the walnut is parallel to the axis of the electric push rod 309, the left end of the walnut is against the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320, and the right end is against the electric push rod 309. The ultrasonic action cooperates with the clamping and extrusion action of the electric push rod 309 along the longitudinal diameter of the walnut to realize the shelling operation of the walnut, and the shelled kernels are discharged from the discharge plate 302 after shelling.

[0059] Furthermore, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a hopper 201, which is fixed to the top of the frame 1 through two outer ear plates 213. The bottom end of the hopper 201 is fixedly connected to a rectangular outlet 215, and a square notch 214 is provided on the side of the rectangular outlet 215 close to the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3. A tilted roller brush baffle 208 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner wall of the hopper 201, and a plurality of roller brushes 209 are arranged below the lower end of the roller brush baffle 208. The roller brush 209 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hopper 201. A positioning component 1 is arranged inside the rectangular outlet 215, and the positioning component 1 is located below the plurality of roller brushes 209. The positioning component 1 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. The positioning component 1 is transmission-connected to a driving unit, and the driving unit is fixedly connected to the frame 1.

[0060] Furthermore, the positioning component 1 includes two vertical seats 206, both of which are fixedly connected to the frame 1, and a feeding shaft 210 is rotatably connected between the two vertical seats 206. A first slot disk 207 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the feeding shaft 210, and a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves 212 are provided on the edge of the first slot disk 207. The plurality of elliptical positioning grooves 212 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the first slot disk 207, and annular grooves 211 are provided on both sides of the elliptical positioning grooves 212. A large sprocket 205 is fixedly connected to one end of the feeding shaft 210, and the large sprocket 205 is transmission-connected to the driving unit.

[0061] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a motor 202 , which is fixedly connected to the frame 1 , and an output shaft of the motor 202 is fixedly connected to a small sprocket 204 , which is transmission-connected to a large sprocket 205 via a chain 203 .

[0062] The feeding mechanism 2 is used to load a certain amount of walnuts in the hopper 201. A roller brush 209 is provided below the roller brush baffle 208 fixedly connected to the rear end of the middle part of the inner cavity of the hopper 201. The walnuts fall into the elliptical positioning groove 212 on the circumferential surface of the first card slot disk 207 under the action of gravity. Circular grooves 211 are provided at both ends of the elliptical positioning groove 212. The first card slot disk 207 is driven to rotate clockwise by the motor 202 through a chain drive. The walnuts enter the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3 after preliminary profiling positioning by the elliptical positioning groove 212 and rolling, smoothing and posture adjustment by the roller brush 209.

[0063] The thickness of the first slot disk 207 is 40mm-70mm, the distance between the inner wall of the front and rear end surfaces of the lower part of the hopper 201 and the first slot disk 207 is 5mm-15mm, the depth of the elliptical positioning groove 212 is 15mm-30mm, and the depth of the annular groove 211 is 20mm-40mm.

[0064] A fixing hole 1 315 corresponding to the circular slot 317 is formed on the ultrasonic hole plate 305, and the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320 is fixed in the fixing hole 1 315. A fixing hole 2 316 corresponding to the circular slot 317 is formed on the electric push rod hole plate 307, and the action end of the electric push rod 313 slides through the fixing hole 2 316.

[0065] The arc-shaped shift fork 318 on the second slot disk 306 extends into the annular groove 211 in the first slot disk 207 without contacting the inner wall of the annular groove 211 . The width of the annular groove 211 is 3 mm-5 mm, and the width of the arc-shaped shift fork 318 is slightly smaller than that of the annular groove 211 .

[0066] When the second slot plate 306 rotates, the arc-shaped shift fork 318 fixed thereto and rotating synchronously moves away from the hopper 201 and rotates out from the square notch 214 .

[0067] The axial symmetry planes of the first slot disk 207 and the second slot disk 306 coincide with each other, and their axes are parallel. The rotation directions of both are clockwise, and the closest distance between the edges of the two is 10mm-20mm.

[0068] The working principle and process of the present invention are as follows:

[0069] After classification, walnuts are loaded from the hopper 201 and fall into the elliptical positioning groove 212 on the circumference of the first slot disk 207 under the action of gravity. Circular grooves 211 are provided on both sides of the elliptical positioning groove 212. The motor 202 drives the feeding shaft 210 through the small sprocket 204, the chain 203, and the large sprocket 205 to drive the first slot disk 207 to rotate clockwise. After the walnuts are initially positioned by the elliptical positioning groove 212 and rolled and smoothed and adjusted by the roller brush 209, they enter the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3.

[0070] In the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism 3, by utilizing the power transmission characteristics of the slip ring stator 311 and the slip ring rotor 312, each ultrasonic transducer 310 obtains electric energy from the ultrasonic power supply 303 through the external electric wire on the left side circumference of the slip ring rotor 312 and the left end face of the slip ring stator 311; each electric push rod 309 obtains electric energy and control signals from the control box 5 through the external electric wire on the right side circumference of the slip ring rotor 312 and the right end face of the slip ring stator 311, drives the electric push rod 313 to complete the telescopic movement at a specific moment, and at the same time makes the slip ring rotor 312 rotate clockwise at a certain speed and drives each disk fixed thereon to rotate;

[0071] In the feeding mechanism 2, when the first slot disk 207 rotates, the walnuts located in the elliptical positioning groove 212 on its circumferential surface are positioned and adjusted in shape, and the longitudinal diameter direction is parallel to the telescopic extrusion direction of the electric push rod 313. They are guided by the arc-shaped fork 318 on the second slot disk 306 that rotates with it and then clamped into the circular groove 317. The two ends of the walnut are respectively against the inner concave surface of the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320 on the ultrasonic transducer 310 on the left and the electric push rod 313 on the right. The inner concave structure increases the contact area with the walnut. The inner concave surface of the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head 320 is a tight stepped annular structure 323 with rich edges. It takes into account the edge effect of ultrasonic vibration energy, helps to concentrate ultrasonic energy and reduce energy loss, and completes the continuous shelling operation of the walnuts under the joint action of ultrasonic high-frequency low-amplitude vibration and the clamping and extrusion of the push rod. The shelled kernels are discharged through the discharge plate 302.

[0072] The present invention firstly performs profiling and positioning according to the shape characteristics of the deep-grained walnut itself, utilizes the characteristics of small amplitude and high frequency of ultrasonic vibration, which is suitable for the cracking needs of hard and brittle materials, and combines the hard and brittle physical characteristics of walnut shells that are significantly different from walnut kernels. Ultrasonic vibration is applied while the walnuts are squeezed, and the walnut shells are cracked under the effect of mechanical fatigue. The walnut kernel breakage rate can be effectively reduced and the whole kernel rate can be increased, meeting the shell cracking needs of deep-grained walnuts with hard shells and small shell-kernel gaps.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shelling machine based on ultrasonic vibration, characterized in that: include Rack (1); A feeding mechanism (2) is fixedly arranged on the top of the frame (1), and is used to feed walnuts and adjust the posture of the walnuts and distribute them individually; An ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the frame (1), and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is correspondingly arranged at the discharge end of the feeding mechanism (2), and the ultrasonic vibration shell-breaking mechanism (3) is used to perform ultrasonic vibration extrusion shell-breaking on the walnuts after posture adjustment and individual distribution; A plurality of universal rollers (4) fixedly arranged on the frame (1), wherein the universal rollers (4) are used to move the frame (1); A control box (5) is arranged on the frame (1), and the control box (5) is used to control and drive the feeding mechanism (2) and the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3).

2. A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3) comprises a slip ring shaft (319), the slip ring shaft (319) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1), slip ring stators (311) are fixedly sleeved on both ends of the slip ring shaft (319), a slip ring rotor (312) is rotatably connected between the two slip ring stators (311), the slip ring rotor (312) is rotatably sleeved on the slip ring shaft (319), one end of the slip ring rotor (312) is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic vibration component, and the other end of the slip ring rotor (312) is fixedly connected to an extrusion and crushing component, and a second positioning component is arranged between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion and crushing component, and the second positioning component is fixedly connected to the slip ring rotor (312).

3. A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrasonic vibration component comprises an ultrasonic disc (304) and an ultrasonic hole disc (305), wherein the ultrasonic disc (304) and the ultrasonic hole disc (305) are fixedly arranged at one end of the slip ring rotor (312), and a gap is left between the ultrasonic disc (304) and the ultrasonic hole disc (305). A plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc (304), and the plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the ultrasonic disc (304). The plurality of ultrasonic transducers (310) are electrically connected to an ultrasonic power source (303) in common, and the ultrasonic power source (303) is fixedly arranged on the frame (1). The transmitting end of the ultrasonic transducer (310) is fixedly arranged on the ultrasonic hole disc (305) and faces the extrusion crushing component.

4. A deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ultrasonic transducer (310) comprises a second cylinder (322), one end of which is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic disc (304), the other end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the first cylinder (321), the other end of which is fixedly connected to an ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head (320), the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head (320) is fixedly connected to the ultrasonic hole disc (305) and faces the extrusion crushing assembly, and a stepped annular structure (323) is arranged inside the ultrasonic energy focusing extrusion head (320).

5. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extrusion and crushing assembly includes an electric push rod hole disk (307) and an electric push rod circular disk (308), wherein the electric push rod hole disk (307) and the electric push rod circular disk (308) are fixedly arranged at the other end of the slip ring rotor (312), and a gap is left between the electric push rod hole disk (307) and the electric push rod circular disk (308), and a plurality of electric push rods (309) are fixedly connected to the electric push rod circular disk (308), and the plurality of electric push rods (309) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the electric push rod circular disk (308), and the action end of the electric push rod (309) slides through the electric push rod hole disk (307) and faces the ultrasonic transducer (310).

6. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electric push rod (309) includes a push rod seat (314), the push rod seat (314) is fixedly connected to the electric push rod disc (308), an electric push rod (313) is fixedly connected to the push rod seat (314), the electric push rod (313) is electrically connected to the control box (5), and the action end of the electric push rod (313) slides through the electric push rod hole disc (307) and faces the ultrasonic transducer (310).

7. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second positioning component comprises a second slot disk (306), the second slot disk (306) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the slip ring rotor (312) and is located between the ultrasonic vibration component and the extrusion and crushing component, a plurality of circular slot openings (317) are provided on the outer edge of the second slot disk (306), the plurality of circular slot openings (317) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the second slot disk (306), and an arc-shaped shift fork (318) is arranged in the circular slot opening (317).

8. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (2) comprises a hopper (201), the hopper (201) being fixed to the top of the frame (1) via two outer ear plates (213), the bottom of the hopper (201) being fixedly connected to a rectangular outlet (215), a square notch (214) being provided on a side of the rectangular outlet (215) close to the ultrasonic vibration shell breaking mechanism (3), a roller brush baffle (208) being fixedly connected to the middle of the inner side wall of the hopper (201), a plurality of roller brushes (209) being arranged below the lower end of the roller brush baffle (208), the roller brushes (209) being rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the hopper (201), a positioning component 1 being arranged inside the rectangular outlet (215), the positioning component 1 being located below the plurality of roller brushes (209), the positioning component 1 being fixedly connected to the frame (1), the positioning component 1 being transmission-connected to a driving unit, the driving unit being fixedly connected to the frame (1).

9. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first positioning assembly comprises two vertical seats (206), both of which are fixedly connected to the frame (1), a feeding shaft (210) is rotatably connected between the two vertical seats (206), a first clamping plate (207) is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer wall of the feeding shaft (210), a plurality of elliptical positioning grooves (212) are provided on the edge of the first clamping plate (207), the plurality of elliptical positioning grooves (212) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the first clamping plate (207), and circular grooves (211) are provided on both sides of the elliptical positioning grooves (212), one end of the feeding shaft (210) is fixedly connected to a large sprocket (205), and the large sprocket (205) is drivingly connected to the driving unit.

10. The deep-grained walnut directional extrusion shell breaking machine based on ultrasonic vibration according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a motor (202), the motor (202) being fixedly connected to the frame (1), the output shaft of the motor (202) being fixedly connected to a small sprocket (204), and the small sprocket (204) being transmission-connected to the large sprocket (205) via a chain (203).

Images