Steel slag crushing device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steel slag crushing device and method, which relate to the technical field of crushers, including two main pairs of rollers, a secondary pair of rollers is arranged under any of the main pairs of rollers, and a guide slide is provided directly below the extrusion gap of the two main pairs of rollers, with an angle α to the horizontal direction, α≥45°, and the guide slide is inclined toward the secondary pair of rollers, and the upper and lower edges of the guide slide are respectively located below the two main pairs of rollers, and a plurality of circular holes are opened on the guide slide, the axes of the circular holes are parallel to the normal of the guide slide, and an anti-blocking plate is provided at the upper edge of the axis of the circular hole on the back side of the guide slide. This steel slag crushing device and method, by providing a guide slide and circular holes on the guide slide, the circular holes can screen the particles after one crushing, and different particles after screening enter different crushing mechanisms, so that the diameters of the particles to be crushed subsequently are roughly the same, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent crushing and improving the productivity of producing particles of target diameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of crushers, and in particular to a steel slag crushing device and method. Background Art

[0002] Steel slag is a by-product of the steel production process, formed during the smelting stage of steelmaking. Steel slag contains various elements, and the steel slag itself can be recycled for secondary use. In the steel slag processing process, the first thing to do is crush the steel slag into particles of the required size.

[0003] Existing slag crushing devices are mainly crushers. The most commonly used crusher is a double-roll crusher. The double-roll crusher uses two or more rollers to squeeze and crush the slag. The diameter of the particles is controlled by adjusting the gap between the rollers. Crusher with only two rollers generally requires secondary crushing, and the slag needs to be screened between the two crushings. The process is complicated and thus reduces efficiency. Crusher with multiple rollers has a secondary crushing process, but between the primary and secondary crushing, the slag enters the secondary crushing directly from the primary crushing, that is, there are many small particles between the large particles. During the squeezing and crushing, some small particles fill the gaps between the large particles. The small particles are squeezed into powder due to the action of the large particles, and some large particles are also broken into smaller particles due to the lack of gaps due to the filling of small particles. The large particles that are not filled are crushed relatively larger, resulting in more particles with different diameters and a lower target particle production rate. To this end, we propose a slag crushing device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a steel slag crushing device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a steel slag crushing device and method, comprising two main pairs of rollers, a secondary pair of rollers being arranged under any of the main pairs of rollers, the gap between the secondary pair of rollers and the adjacent main pair of rollers not exceeding the gap between the two main pairs of rollers, the secondary pair of rollers performing secondary crushing on the steel slag, a guide slide making an angle α with the horizontal direction is provided directly below the extrusion gap between the two main pairs of rollers, α≥45°, the guide slide is inclined toward the secondary pair of rollers, the upper and lower edges of the guide slide are respectively located below the two main pairs of rollers, a plurality of circular holes are provided on the guide slide, the axis of the circular hole is parallel to the normal of the guide slide, steel slag particles smaller than the diameter of the circular hole are screened on the guide slide, and steel slag particles larger than the diameter of the circular hole roll at the circular hole, an anti-blocking plate is provided at the upper edge of the axis of the circular hole on the back of the guide slide, and the lower end of the steel slag particle is forced to slide when it contacts the anti-blocking plate.

[0006] Preferably, the anti-blocking plate is a semicircular rotating body, and the inner surface curvature is continuous and the diameter decreases in the axial downward direction, and the distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate to the lower center of the circular hole is not less than the diameter of the circular hole.

[0007] Preferably, the axial length of the anti-blocking plate is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole.

[0008] Preferably, the upper surface of the guide slide plate is provided with a notch on the lower edge side of the circular hole axis, which is inclined toward the sliding direction of the slag.

[0009] Preferably, a third pair of rollers is provided below the main pair of rollers opposite to the secondary pair of rollers, and a guide plate inclined toward the third pair of rollers is provided on the lower side of the guide slide.

[0010] Preferably, the upper surface of the guide slide is provided with a plurality of redirecting plates, and the redirecting plates are arranged at an inclined angle to the end edge line of the guide slide.

[0011] Preferably, a flange is provided on the outer surface of the large-diameter end of the anti-blocking plate, and the anti-blocking plate is detachably mounted on the guide slide plate through the flange.

[0012] A crushing method for a steel slag crushing device comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Primary crushing: the steel slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers. The crushed particles fall onto the guide slide.

[0014] Step 2: This step consists of three parts and is carried out simultaneously;

[0015] In S1 screening, the particles that reach the guide slide after primary crushing slide along the guide slide's inclination under the action of gravity. Particles with diameters smaller than the circular hole fall below the guide slide, while particles with diameters larger than the circular hole continue to slide.

[0016] S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole slides to the circular hole, part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole. Under the sliding action of the particle above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole.

[0017] S3 clears blockage: when the slender particles enter the circular hole, their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate during rotation to prevent the particles from getting stuck in the circular hole;

[0018] Step 3: This step includes two parallel re-crushing operations;

[0019] The S1 secondary roller crusher, after passing through S2 and S3 in step 2, slides from the guide plate to contact the secondary roller, and as the secondary roller rotates, it enters the gap between the secondary roller and the corresponding main roller for secondary crushing;

[0020] S2 is crushing by the third pair of rollers. The particles that have been screened and dropped from the circular holes in S1 in step 2 contact the third pair of rollers under the action of the guide plates and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers and the corresponding main pair of rollers for secondary crushing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a guide slide and circular holes on the guide slide. The circular holes can screen the particles after the first crushing. After screening, different particles enter different crushing mechanisms, so that the diameters of the particles to be crushed subsequently are roughly the same, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent crushing and the productivity of producing particles with the target diameter.

[0023] The circular holes of the guide plate of the present invention can cause particles to roll, thereby changing their spatial state, so that they enter secondary crushing in a state that is more conducive to crushing;

[0024] The anti-blocking plate in the present invention can effectively solve the problem of particles entering the circular hole and causing blockage. Under the action of the particles above and the anti-blocking plate at the bottom, the particles can automatically break away from the circular hole, so that the screening and particle state changing effects of the circular hole can continue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the guide slide plates in each pair of rollers of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front structure of the guide slide of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view in;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a sectional isometric view of the guide slide;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure of region B;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the state where particles are stuck in the circular hole;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of two states of particles rotating in the circular hole with and without anti-blocking plate;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the state where particles fall into the circular hole;

[0034] Figure 10Schematic diagram of the state distribution of the redirecting plate.

[0035] In the figure: 1-main pair of rollers; 2-secondary pair of rollers; 3-guide plate; 31-notch; 4-round hole; 5-anti-blocking plate; 51-flange; 6-third pair of rollers; 7-guide plate; 8-redirecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a slag crushing device, comprising two main rollers 1, the two main rollers 1 are installed in the crusher at the same level and are connected to the drive, the two main rollers 1 rotate relative to each other, that is, Figure 1 As shown, the left main pair of rollers 1 rotates clockwise, and the right main pair of rollers 1 rotates counterclockwise, so that the two main pair of rollers 1 squeeze and crush the steel slag, and the secondary pair of rollers 2 is arranged below one of the main pair of rollers 1 and forms a secondary crushing mechanism with the main pair of rollers 1 (the secondary pair of rollers 2 is not two roller bodies, but a roller body and one of the two main pair of rollers 1 form a pair. Similarly, the rollers of a single main pair of rollers 1 are not understood as a pair of two, and the same applies to the subsequent third pair of rollers 6). The gap between the secondary pair of rollers 2 and the adjacent main pair of rollers 1 does not exceed the gap between the two main pair of rollers 1, that is, secondary crushing with the same gap can be achieved, and secondary crushing with a smaller gap can also be used for particles with smaller target diameters;

[0038] Ribs are provided at both ends of the guide slide 3, which are fixed to the inner wall of the crusher by screws or bolts. Figure 1In this state, its horizontal width covers the gap area between the two first main rollers 1, so that the particles after the primary crushing fall onto the guide slide 3. The lengths of the guide slide 3, the main roller 1 and the secondary roller 2 are consistent. A number of circular holes 4 are provided on the guide surface of the guide slide 3. The circular holes are regularly arrayed and staggered, that is, the longitudinal and transverse arrays are adjacent and staggered. The circular holes 4 have two main functions. First, the steel slag smaller than the diameter of the circular hole 4 is directly screened out to avoid the interference of small particles during the secondary crushing, which leads to more diameter items of particles produced when large particles are crushed, thereby reducing the generation rate of particles with the main target diameter of the crushing. Moreover, because small particles will occupy a certain space, the effective utilization rate of the secondary crushing is reduced. That is, when too many small particles gather and pass through the secondary crushing mechanism, because the diameter is smaller than the gap between the secondary roller 2 and the main roller 1, no crushing occurs, and only the particles are transferred. Second, because after the primary crushing, the particles After the particles fall directly onto the guide slide 3, due to the continuity of the crushing work, most of the particles will not collide and splash, and the particles falling in front will be collided by the particles falling behind, thereby forming particles sliding downward on the guide slide 3. The circular holes 4 are provided to enable the particles to roll in a small range during the downward sliding process, thereby changing the state during the secondary crushing. Because the particles fall to the guide slide 3 after the primary crushing, due to the center of gravity of the particles, most of them are in a flat state when they reach the guide slide 3 and slide, like a coin falling to the ground, which is basically lying flat on the ground. This is an extreme case, and most of the steel slag particles are spherical or ellipsoidal. After the steel slag particles reach the guide slide 3, they begin to slide downward stably as a whole. At this time, the particles on the surface will roll, and other particles will slide mostly, which is not conducive to the secondary crushing of the particles. The state distribution of some particles is changed by the circular holes 4, so that they can be better squeezed during the secondary crushing;

[0039] See Figure 4 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The 4th kind of particles will be stuck in the circular hole 4 because of the irregularity of the crushed particles and the pits on the surface. The 4th kind of particles will be stuck in the circular hole 4 because of the high probability of causing blockage. Whether the 4th kind of particles fall directly into the circular hole 4 or slide into the circular hole 4 due to the angle, they will be blocked. The analysis is as follows. Figure 9, the particles fall and get stuck in the circular hole 4. If the guide plate 4 is set horizontally, the particles will only be stuck. Therefore, in order to make the particles automatically escape from the circular hole 4, the angle α of the guide plate is set to ≥ 45°, preferably 60°, 65°, 70° and 75°. When the inclined state is, because the particles are stuck, other particles will Figure 7 The particles are accumulated on the upper right side of the state, and the stuck points are mainly points M and N. Point M is lower than point N, and the total force analysis on the inclined plane shows that a component force is generated along the downward tilt direction of the guide slide 3, which causes the particles to rotate, such as Figure 8 In the state a shown in FIG, if the X position of the particle is smooth and does not have a protruding structure, the particle will escape from the circular hole 4. However, if it is not smooth or has a protruding structure, the X and M points will still be stuck, and the state will be maintained after the next step.

[0040] Set up anti-blocking plate 5 to prevent particles from turning Figure 8 In the case of Figure a, when the particle rotates, the lower end of the particle contacts the anti-blocking plate 5, and then slides to the upper left while rotating. Figure 8 In the state b in the middle figure, the particle will not contact the circular hole 4 to form an obstruction at point X, and will continue to rotate and escape from the circular hole 4.

[0041] See Figure 10 The upper surface of the guide slide 3 is provided with a plurality of redirecting plates 8, and the redirecting plates 8 are set at an inclination angle to the end edge line of the guide slide 3. The function of the redirecting plates 8 is to change the sliding direction of the particles and the rolling direction of the circular hole 4 so that more comprehensive rolling can be achieved. The direct downward rolling is only a rolling method around the axis, while in the inclined state, the rolling will change more. Furthermore, the redirecting plate can be non-linear.

[0042] See Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 The function of the anti-blocking plate 5 is to guide the end of the particles. Its simple structure can adopt a straight semi-cylinder structure, but there is an extreme case where it is stuck. That is, when the lower end of the particle is too long, the contact point between the end and the anti-blocking plate 5 is lower than point M, and the axial curvature of the straight semi-cylinder does not change, causing the particle to be stuck. Therefore, the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5 has a continuous curvature along the axial direction and a decreasing diameter, which makes the particle stuck. Figure 8In the case of Figure b, the lower end point of the particle slides upward due to the force on the left side of the particle and the action of the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5, thereby solving the blockage in this extreme case. The distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate 5 to the lower center of the circular hole 4 is not less than the diameter of the circular hole 4 to avoid the anti-blocking plate 5 itself from forming a stuck position with the edge of the circular hole 4. Because only slender particles will form a stuck situation (even if short particles are stuck, they will be detached due to the vibration of the guide slide 3 or the machine equipment), the anti-blocking plate 5 needs to have a certain axial length, so its length is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole 4.

[0043] See Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 10 When crushing larger particles, because the particles are larger as a whole, the guide plate 3 must have a certain strength, so the thickness is also relatively large. The large thickness will cause the circular hole 4 to Figure 6 The upper left end point and the lower right end point in the cross-section shown are easy to hold the particles. Therefore, when the thickness is large, part of the guide slide 3 is cut to produce a notch 31. The notch 31 is inclined to the left to facilitate the particles to escape from the circular hole 4. For a crusher that crushes small particles, high strength is not required, and the guide slide 3 can be thinner. At this time, the notch 31 is produced by drawing during stamping to make part of the guide slide 3 itself concave downward. The upper surface of the guide slide 3 is provided with a number of redirecting plates 8, and the redirecting plates 8 are set at an inclination angle to the end edge lines of the guide slide 3. The function of the redirecting plates 8 is to change the sliding direction of the particles and the rolling direction of the circular hole 4 so that more comprehensive rolling can be achieved. The direct downward rolling is only a rolling method around the axis, while in the inclined state, the rolling will change more. Furthermore, the redirecting plate can be non-linear. When a redirecting plate 8 is provided, the notch 31 is no longer inclined downward, but is consistent with the inclination direction of the redirecting plate 8.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 When the third pair of rollers 6 is in action, particles with a second target diameter can be produced for the sieved particles, and the guide plate 7 is used to guide the sieved particles.

[0045] See Figure 6 In the case where the flange 51 is not set, the anti-blocking plate 51 needs to be fixed to the guide slide 3 by welding, and the guide slide 3 and the anti-blocking plate 5 itself are in contact with the steel slag and are lossy. Therefore, the flange 51 can be set to achieve a detachable connection through screws, etc., so that when a single one is damaged, it can be replaced during maintenance.

[0046] A crushing method for a steel slag crushing device comprises the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Primary crushing: the steel slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers 1. The crushed particles fall onto the guide slide 3.

[0048] Step 2: This step consists of three parts and is carried out simultaneously;

[0049] S1 screening: After the first crushing, the particles reaching the guide slide 3 slide along the inclined direction of the guide slide 3 under the action of gravity. The particles with a diameter smaller than the circular hole 4 fall below the guide slide 3, while the particles with a diameter larger than the circular hole 4 continue to slide.

[0050] S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole 4 slides to the position of the circular hole 4, part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole 4. Under the sliding action of the particles above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole 4.

[0051] S3: When the slender particles enter the circular hole 4, their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate 5 during rotation to prevent the particles from being blocked in the circular hole 4;

[0052] Step 3: This step includes two parallel re-crushing operations;

[0053] The S1 secondary roller 2 is crushed. After the particles in S2 and S3 in step 2 slide from the guide plate 3 and contact the secondary roller 2, they enter the gap between the secondary roller 2 and the corresponding main roller 1 as the secondary roller 2 rotates for secondary crushing.

[0054] S2 The third pair of rollers 6 crushes the particles that have been screened and dropped from the circular holes 4 in step 2 S1. The particles contact the third pair of rollers 6 under the action of the guide plates 7 and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers 6 and the corresponding main pair of rollers 1 for secondary crushing.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0056] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A slag crushing device comprising two main roller pairs (1), characterized in that: A secondary pair of rollers (2) is provided under any of the main pair of rollers (1), the gap between the secondary pair of rollers (2) and the adjacent main pair of rollers (1) does not exceed the gap between the two main pair of rollers (1), the secondary pair of rollers (2) performs secondary crushing on the steel slag, a guide slide (3) is provided directly below the extrusion gap between the two main pair of rollers (1) and is at an angle α to the horizontal direction, α ≥ 45°, the guide slide (3) is inclined toward the secondary pair of rollers (2), the upper and lower edges of the guide slide (3) are respectively located below the two main pair of rollers (1), a plurality of circular holes (4) are provided on the guide slide (3), the axes of the circular holes (4) are parallel to the normal of the guide slide (3), the steel slag particles smaller than the diameter of the circular holes (4) are screened on the guide slide (3), and the steel slag particles larger than the diameter of the circular holes (4) roll at the circular holes (4), an anti-blocking plate (5) is provided at the upper edge of the axis of the circular holes (4) on the back of the guide slide (3), and the lower end of the steel slag particle is subjected to force sliding when it contacts the anti-blocking plate (5); A third pair of rollers (6) is provided below the main pair of rollers (1) opposite to the secondary pair of rollers (2), and a guide plate (7) inclined toward the third pair of rollers (6) is provided on the lower side of the guide slide (3); A crushing step of a steel slag crushing device includes the following steps: Step 1: primary crushing: the steel slag enters the crusher and is squeezed and crushed by two main rollers (1) for the first time, and the crushed particles fall onto the guide slide (3); Step 2: This step consists of three parts and is carried out simultaneously; S1 screening, the particles that reach the guide slide (3) after the first crushing slide along the inclined direction of the guide slide (3) under the action of gravity, the particles with a diameter smaller than the circular hole (4) fall below the guide slide (3), and the particles with a diameter larger than the circular hole (4) continue to slide; S2 changes the spatial state of the particles. When a particle with a diameter larger than the circular hole (4) slides to the position of the circular hole (4), a part of the particle enters due to the vacancy of the circular hole (4). Under the sliding action of the particle above, the particle rolls out of the circular hole (4). S3 clears the blockage. When the slender particles enter the circular hole (4), their lower end contacts the anti-blocking plate (5) during rotation to prevent the particles from being blocked in the circular hole (4); Step 3: This step includes two parallel re-crushing operations; The S1 secondary roller (2) is crushed, and the particles from S2 and S3 in step 2 slide down the guide plate (3) and contact the secondary roller (2). As the secondary roller (2) rotates, they enter the gap between the secondary roller (2) and the corresponding primary roller (1) for secondary crushing; In step S2, the third pair of rollers (6) are crushed. The particles that have been screened and dropped from the circular holes (4) in step S1 in step 2 contact the third pair of rollers (6) under the action of the guide plates (7) and enter the gap between the third pair of rollers (6) and the corresponding main pair of rollers (1) for secondary crushing.

2. The slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-blocking plate (5) is a semicircular rotating body, and in the axial downward direction, the inner surface curvature is continuous and the diameter decreases gradually, and the distance from the inner surface of the anti-blocking plate (5) to the lower center of the circular hole (4) is not less than the diameter of the circular hole (4).

3. The slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the anti-blocking plate (5) is not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the circular hole (4).

4. The slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the guide slide plate (3) is provided with a notch (31) inclined in the sliding direction of the slag, located on the lower edge side of the axis of the circular hole (4).

5. A slag crushing device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of redirecting plates (8) are provided on the upper surface of the guide slide plate (3), and the redirecting plates (8) are arranged at an inclined angle to the end edge lines of the guide slide plate (3).

6. The slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the large-diameter end of the anti-blocking plate (5) is provided with a flange (51), and the anti-blocking plate (5) is detachably mounted on the guide slide plate (3) via the flange (51).

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