Soybean screening device and screening method

Abstract

The invention discloses a soybean screening device and method, and relates to the technical field of soybean screening, the soybean screening device comprises a screening box, the lower surface of the inner wall of the screening box is fixedly connected with a classification frame, the upper surface of the inner wall of the screening box is fixedly connected with an extrusion block, and the top of the inner wall of the screening box is fixedly connected with a screening mechanism; according to the soybean screening device, the screening plate is arranged to be inclined, soybeans can roll along the surface of the screening plate conveniently, the apertures of the screening holes are sequentially arranged from small to large, and the screening holes are formed in the sliding path of the soybeans, so that the soybeans of different sizes can be screened; and the problem that the screened soybeans cannot be classified and collected according to the sizes of the beans due to the phenomenon that the soybeans with different grades are mixed with one another is avoided. The telescopic rod drives the sieve plate to vibrate in a reciprocating mode, on one hand, rapid rolling of soybeans along the surface of the sieve plate is accelerated, the situation that too many soybeans are stacked together and cannot be rapidly screened is avoided, and the soybean screening efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soybean screening, and in particular to a soybean screening device and a screening method. Background Art

[0002] Soybean is an annual herb and the most important legume in the world. It has rich nutritional value. Currently, oil refineries use soybeans to process into vegetable edible oil. After the soybeans are grown and mature, they are harvested and dried, and then separated and screened to ensure the quality of the soybeans.

[0003] During the process of screening soybeans, the equipment cannot screen the soybeans according to their size, so soybeans of different grades are mixed with each other, resulting in the screened soybeans not being classified and collected according to their size. Therefore, the present invention designs a soybean screening device to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a soybean screening device, including a screening box, a classification frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the inner wall of the screening box, an extrusion block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the screening box, a screening mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the screening box, and a soil cleaning mechanism is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the screening mechanism; the classification frame classifies and collects the screened soybeans, and the screening mechanism screens the soybeans entering the screening box according to the size of the soybeans.

[0005] The screening mechanism includes a telescopic rod, a squeezing component is arranged below the telescopic rod, a sieve plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the squeezing component, and screening holes are opened on the outer surface of the sieve plate; the sieve plate is used to screen soybeans of different sizes, and the sieve plate is placed at an angle to facilitate the soybeans to roll down along its surface. There are multiple screening holes, and the apertures of the screening holes are arranged in order from small to large, and along the sliding path of the soybeans.

[0006] The extrusion component includes an extrusion plate, a spring belt is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion plate, an extrusion box is fixedly connected to the end of the spring belt away from the extrusion plate, an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion box, an air inlet box is fixedly connected to the end of the air outlet pipe away from the extrusion box, a lifting block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet box, a mobile frame is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting block, and an extrusion rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mobile frame. The extrusion plate squeezes the gas inside the extrusion box, and the lifting block drives the mobile frame and the extrusion rod to slide upward by the gas pressure, so that the extrusion rod pokes into the inside of the screening hole, the top of the extrusion rod is set to be semi-spherical, and the extrusion rod is relatively small as a whole, and the number of extrusion rods corresponds to the number of screening holes. The extrusion box is connected to the inside of the air inlet box through the air outlet pipe, so that the gas can flow inside the three. The weight of the lifting block, the mobile frame and the extrusion rod are all relatively light, and they are made of lightweight materials.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the screening box, and the side of the squeezing component away from the soil cleaning mechanism is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer surface of the extrusion plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extrusion box, the bottom of the extrusion box is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screen plate, and the side of the extrusion box away from the soil cleaning mechanism is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box.

[0009] Furthermore, the soil cleaning mechanism includes a soil feeding box, the inner wall of which is provided with a soil feeding hole, a soil scraping box is fixedly connected to the side of the soil feeding box near the soil feeding hole, a slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the soil scraping box, a slide rail is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the soil scraping box, a slide table is slidably connected to the outer surface of the slide rail, and a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the side of the slide table near the slide groove. The soil feeding box collects the scraped soil blocks, the soil feeding hole is set to be rectangular, and the hole diameter is not large, so soybeans cannot enter the interior of the soil feeding box through the soil feeding hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a square groove is provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate, a connecting shaft is slidably connected to the inner wall of the square groove, a round wheel is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting shaft close to the slide, a bulldozer is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting shaft away from the round wheel, and a displacement component is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the round wheel. The purpose of setting the square groove is to facilitate the connecting shaft to slide up and down inside it, and the side of the bulldozer close to the scraper box is set to an inclined surface. The bulldozer, connecting shaft and round wheel are all made of lightweight materials.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the scraper box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod, the side of the scraper box away from the bulldozer blade is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion box close to the bulldozer blade, the side of the scraper box close to the extrusion box is slidably connected to the outer surface of the extrusion plate, and the outer surface of the connecting plate is slidably connected to the inner surface of the slide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the bulldozer plate is slidably connected to the upper surface of the screen plate, and the side of the bulldozer plate close to the connecting shaft is slidably connected to the side of the connecting plate away from the circular wheel.

[0013] Furthermore, the displacement component includes a lower limit plate, the outer surface of the lower limit plate is provided with a displacement groove, the inner wall of the displacement groove is slidably connected with the displacement plate, the inner wall of the displacement plate is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the upper limit plate. The circular wheel can push the displacement plate to rotate on the forward path, and move along the upper surface of the displacement plate on the return path to change the moving height of the circular wheel itself. Initially, under the action of gravity, the displacement plate is in conflict with the inner wall of the displacement groove on the side close to the rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the lower limit plate away from the bulldozer blade is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box close to the bulldozer blade, the upper surface of the lower limit plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel, the side of the upper limit plate away from the bulldozer blade is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box close to the bulldozer blade, and the upper surface of the lower limit plate is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel.

[0015] A soybean screening method comprises the following steps:

[0016] First, the screen plate is set to an inclined shape, and with screening holes of different aperture sizes, soybeans of different sizes can be screened; then the telescopic rod reciprocates the screen plate, so that the defective soybeans on the surface of the screen plate vibrate on the surface of the screen plate, and the defective soybeans can be screened; the gas inside the extrusion box is squeezed by the extrusion plate, and the extrusion rod is pushed into the inside of the screening hole by the air pressure, which can push the soybeans stuck in the screening hole out of the screening hole, so that the screening hole can continue to screen the remaining soybeans; then the bulldozer plate slides along the surface of the screen plate, and the relatively hard and large soil blocks on the surface of the screen plate can be pushed into the bulldozer box to complete the collection of some soil blocks on the surface of the screen plate; finally, the cooperation between the displacement plate and the displacement groove inside the displacement component can change the moving path of the round wheel and the bulldozer plate, so that the bulldozer plate will not contact the soybeans on the surface of the screen plate during the resetting process, that is, the bulldozer plate will not hinder the soybeans rolling on the surface of the screen plate on the resetting path.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. The device sets the screen plate in an inclined shape to facilitate the rolling of soybeans along its surface. The apertures of the screening holes are arranged from small to large and are set on the sliding path of the soybeans. Soybeans of different sizes can be screened to avoid the mixing of soybeans of different grades, which will lead to the problem of unclassified collection of the screened soybeans.

[0019] 2. The telescopic rod drives the screen plate to vibrate back and forth, which accelerates the rapid rolling of soybeans along the surface of the screen plate to avoid excessive accumulation of soybeans, which makes it impossible to screen quickly, thereby improving the screening efficiency of soybeans. On the other hand, the soybeans that fall onto the surface of the screen plate may be defective, and the side of the defective soybeans that contacts the screen plate may be a smooth surface instead of a spherical surface, which makes it impossible for the defective soybeans to slide along the surface of the screen plate, that is, there is a problem that such defective soybeans cannot be screened.

[0020] 3. This device squeezes the gas inside the squeezing box through the squeezing plate, and uses the pressure of the gas to drive the lifting block to drive the mobile frame and the squeezing rod to slide upward, so that the squeezing rod pokes into the inside of the screening hole, avoiding the soybeans stuck inside the screening hole, resulting in the screening hole being unable to screen the subsequent soybeans. At the same time, the top of the squeezing rod is set to be semi-spherical, and when poking the soybeans, it will not cause damage to the surface of the soybeans. The overall setting of the squeezing rod is relatively small, which can poke the soil blocks to a certain extent, so that the soil blocks after poking will not exist on the upper surface or the inner wall of the screening hole, avoiding the screening hole being blocked, resulting in the soybeans being unable to fall from the screening hole.

[0021] 4. The device is provided with a bulldozer plate, which can push the relatively hard and large clods on the surface of the screen plate into the interior of the bulldozer box to complete the collection of some clods, and avoid the problem that the extrusion rod cannot break some hard and large clods, causing the large and relatively hard clods to be mixed with the soybeans on the surface of the screen plate, resulting in more and more clods accumulating on the surface of the screen plate, which may cover the upper surface of the screening hole, thereby affecting the rolling and screening of the soybeans.

[0022] 5. The device is provided with a displacement plate and a displacement groove, which can change the resetting path of the circular wheel, the connecting shaft and the bulldozer plate during the resetting process of the circular wheel, so that the bulldozer plate will no longer slide in contact with the surface of the screen plate during the resetting process, thereby not causing obstruction to the soybeans rolling on the surface of the screen plate, affecting the screening of the soybeans, and at the same time will not push the soil blocks on the surface of the screen plate to slide upward, resulting in the problem that the soil blocks cannot be collected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the screening box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screening mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an air intake box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil cleaning mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0031] Fig. 9 The present invention is a flowchart of a soybean screening method.

[0032] In the figure: 1. screening box; 2. classification frame; 3. extrusion block; 4. screening mechanism; 41. telescopic rod; 42. extrusion component; 421. extrusion plate; 422. spring belt; 423. extrusion box; 424. air outlet pipe; 425. air inlet box; 426. lifting block; 427. mobile frame; 428. extrusion rod; 43. sieve plate; 44. screening hole; 5. soil cleaning mechanism; 51. soil inlet box; 52. soil inlet hole; 53. soil scraping box; 54. slide; 55. slide rail; 56. slide; 57. connecting plate; 58. square groove; 59. connecting shaft; 501. round wheel; 502. soil plate; 503. displacement component; 5031. lower limit plate; 5032. displacement groove; 5033. displacement plate; 5034. rotating shaft; 5035. upper limit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

[0034] For example, see Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a soybean screening device, comprising a screening box 1, a classification frame 2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the inner wall of the screening box 1, an extrusion block 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the inner wall of the screening box 1, a screening mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the screening box 1, and a soil cleaning mechanism 5 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the screening mechanism 4; the classification frame 2 classifies and collects the screened soybeans, and the screening mechanism 4 screens the soybeans entering the screening box 1 according to the size of the soybeans.

[0035] First, the soybeans to be screened are put into the screening box 1 through the material hole at the top of the screening box 1, and the screening mechanism 4 is used to screen the soybeans of different sizes so that the soybeans after screening are basically of the same size, and the soybeans of different sizes are classified and collected through the classification frame 2. In the process of soybean screening, the soil blocks contained are cleaned and collected by the soil cleaning mechanism 5.

[0036] The screening mechanism 4 includes a telescopic rod 41, a squeezing component 42 is arranged below the telescopic rod 41, a sieve plate 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the squeezing component 42, and a screening hole 44 is opened on the outer surface of the sieve plate 43; the sieve plate 43 is used to screen soybeans of different sizes, and the sieve plate 43 is tilted to facilitate the soybeans to roll down along its surface. There are multiple screening holes 44, and the apertures of the screening holes 44 are arranged from small to large, and are arranged in sequence along the sliding path of the soybeans.

[0037] First, the soybeans to be screened are put into the screening box 1 through the material hole at the top of the screening box 1, and then the soybeans will fall onto the upper surface of the screen plate 43 and roll from high to low along the inclined surface of the screen plate 43. On the rolling path of the soybeans, a plurality of screening holes 44 with different diameters are arranged in sequence. Therefore, soybeans of different sizes will fall from the screening holes 44 to the classification frame 2 below according to the aperture size of the screening holes 44, thereby realizing the preliminary classification and collection of the soybeans.

[0038] During the rolling of the soybeans along the surface of the sieve plate 43, the telescopic rod 41 is started, driving the soil cleaning mechanism 5 and the extrusion component 42 to move up and down reciprocatingly. During the reciprocating up and down movement of the sieve plate 43, the sieve plate 43 drives the soybeans to vibrate reciprocatingly. On the one hand, the soybeans are accelerated to roll along the surface of the sieve plate 43, avoiding excessive accumulation of soybeans that cannot roll quickly, thereby improving the screening efficiency of the soybeans. On the other hand, the soybeans that fall onto the surface of the sieve plate 43 may be defective, and the side of the defective soybeans that contacts the sieve plate 43 may be a smooth surface instead of a spherical surface, resulting in the defective soybeans being unable to slide along the surface of the sieve plate 43, that is, the defective soybeans cannot be classified. Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the sieve plate 43 can reciprocate and vibrate the defective soybeans, so that the defective soybeans can also be moved and screened along the inclined surface of the sieve plate 43.

[0039] The extrusion component 42 includes an extrusion plate 421, a spring belt 422 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion plate 421, an extrusion box 423 is fixedly connected to the end of the spring belt 422 away from the extrusion plate 421, an air outlet pipe 424 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the extrusion box 423, an air inlet box 425 is fixedly connected to the end of the air outlet pipe 424 away from the extrusion box 423, a lifting block 426 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air inlet box 425, a moving frame 427 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting block 426, and an extrusion rod 428 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the moving frame 427. The extrusion plate 421 squeezes the gas inside the extrusion box 423, and the lifting block 426 drives the moving frame 427 and the extrusion rod 428 to slide upward by using the gas pressure, so that the extrusion rod 428 pokes into the inside of the screening hole 44, the top of the extrusion rod 428 is set to be semi-spherical, and the extrusion rod 428 is relatively small as a whole, and the number of the extrusion rods 428 corresponds to the number of the screening holes 44. The extrusion box 423 is connected to the inside of the air inlet box 425 through the air outlet pipe 424, so that the gas can flow inside the three. The weight of the lifting block 426, the moving frame 427 and the extrusion rod 428 are all relatively light, and they are made of light materials.

[0040] The top of the telescopic rod 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the screening box 1 , and the side of the squeezing component 42 away from the soil cleaning mechanism 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box 1 .

[0041] The outer surface of the squeezing plate 421 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the squeezing box 423 , the bottom of the squeezing box 423 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screen plate 43 , and the side of the squeezing box 423 away from the soil cleaning mechanism 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box 1 .

[0042] When the soybeans are stuck in the screening hole 44 during the screening process, the telescopic rod 41 contracts more, which can drive the squeezing box 423 and the squeezing plate 421 to slide upward along the inner wall of the screening box 1. After the squeezing plate 421 moves upward for a certain distance, it will touch the multiple squeezing blocks 3 above, and the squeezing blocks 3 will then squeeze the squeezing plate 421, so that the squeezing plate 421 slides along the inner wall of the squeezing box 423 toward the side close to the spring belt 422, squeezing the spring belt 422 and squeezing the gas inside the squeezing box 423. The squeezed gas enters the interior of the air intake box 425 through the air outlet pipe 424. The gas inside the air intake box 425 will push the lifting block 426, the moving frame 427 and the squeezing rod 428 to move upward until the squeezing rod 428 moves upward and extends into the interior of the screening hole 44. The squeezing rod 428 can squeeze the soybeans blocked in the screening hole 44, so that the soybeans are squeezed out of the screening hole 44 by the squeezing rod 428, and the screening work continues. When the squeezing plate 421 is out of contact with the squeezing block 3 , the squeezing plate 421 is reset under the elasticity of the spring belt 422 , and the squeezing rod 428 is out of the screening hole 44 , which will not affect the subsequent screening work of the screening hole 44 .

[0043] The top of the squeezing rod 428 is set to be semi-spherical, which can squeeze the soybeans stuck in the screening hole 44 without damaging the outer surface of the soybeans during the squeezing. At the same time, the squeezing rod 428 is set to be relatively light and thin as a whole. When there are blocked soil blocks or covered soil blocks inside the screening hole 44, the squeezing rod 428 can break the soil blocks to a certain extent, so that the broken soil blocks will not continue to remain on the upper surface of the screening hole 44 or the inner wall of the screening hole 44, thereby avoiding the screening hole 44 being blocked by soil blocks and soybeans, resulting in the remaining soybeans that need to be screened being unable to fall through the screening hole 44.

[0044] During the reciprocating vibration of the screen plate 43, the telescopic distance of the telescopic rod 41 is the same, but at regular intervals, the telescopic distance of the telescopic rod 41 increases, so that the extrusion block 3 pushes the extrusion plate 421 to squeeze the gas inside the extrusion box 423, making it easier for the extrusion rod 428 to squeeze the soybeans stuck inside the screening hole 44. When the stuck soybeans are separated from the inside of the screening hole 44, the telescopic rod 41 continues to restore the previous telescopic degree. That is, when the screen plate 43 is vibrated, the telescopic rod 41 maintains a certain telescopic distance and will not shrink too much, so that the extrusion rod 428 extends into the inside of the screening hole 44, resulting in most soybeans unable to fall from the screening hole 44. Only when a certain interval is separated and it is necessary to avoid soybeans getting stuck inside the screening hole 44 again, the telescopic rod 41 will increase the telescopic distance.

[0045] For example 2, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 9The present invention provides a technical solution: on the basis of the first embodiment, the soil cleaning mechanism 5 includes a soil feeding box 51, the inner wall of the soil feeding box 51 is provided with a soil feeding hole 52, a soil scraping box 53 is fixedly connected to the side of the soil feeding box 51 near the soil feeding hole 52, a chute 54 is provided on the inner wall of the soil scraping box 53, a slide rail 55 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the soil scraping box 53, a slide table 56 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the slide rail 55, and a connecting plate 57 is fixedly connected to the side of the slide table 56 near the chute 54. The soil feeding box 51 collects the scraped soil blocks, the soil feeding hole 52 is set to be rectangular, and the hole diameter is not large, so soybeans cannot enter the interior of the soil feeding box 51 through the soil feeding hole 52.

[0046] A square groove 58 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting plate 57, and a connecting shaft 59 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the square groove 58. The end of the connecting shaft 59 close to the slide 56 is rotatably connected to the round wheel 501, and the end of the connecting shaft 59 away from the round wheel 501 is fixedly connected to the bulldozer 502, and the outer surface of the round wheel 501 is rotatably connected to the displacement component 503. The purpose of setting the square groove 58 is to facilitate the connecting shaft 59 to slide up and down inside it, and the side of the bulldozer 502 close to the scraper box 53 is set to an inclined surface. The bulldozer 502, the connecting shaft 59, and the round wheel 501 are all made of lightweight materials.

[0047] The top of the scraper box 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod 41, the side of the scraper box 53 away from the bulldozer plate 502 is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion box 423 close to the bulldozer plate 502, the side of the scraper box 53 close to the extrusion box 423 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the extrusion plate 421, and the outer surface of the connecting plate 57 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the slide groove 54.

[0048] The bottom of the bulldozer plate 502 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the screen plate 43 , and the side of the bulldozer plate 502 close to the connecting shaft 59 is slidably connected to the side of the connecting plate 57 away from the round wheel 501 .

[0049] When the telescopic rod 41 drives the soil cleaning mechanism 5 to move up and down reciprocatingly, the scraper box 53 also moves up and down along with the screen plate 43, and the slide rail 55 inside the scraper box 53 is started, which can drive the slide 56 to move linearly reciprocatingly along the surface of the slide rail 55. During the movement, the slide 56 drives the connecting plate 57 to move linearly reciprocatingly along the inner surface of the slide groove 54.

[0050] The connecting plate 57 can drive the connecting shaft 59, the circular wheel 501 and the bulldozer plate 502 to move during the linear movement. During the movement of the bulldozer plate 502, the lower surface of the bulldozer plate 502 slides in contact with the upper surface of the screen plate 43. Therefore, the bulldozer plate 502 can push the relatively hard and large soil blocks scattered on the surface of the screen plate 43 during the movement, so that the soil blocks gradually accumulate on the inclined surface of the bulldozer plate 502. When the bulldozer plate 502 moves to the soil inlet box 51, the soil blocks can be pushed from the soil inlet hole 52 to the inside of the soil inlet box 51, thereby completing the collection of the relatively hard and large soil blocks.

[0051] In the process of the bulldozer 502 pushing the soil, the bulldozer 502 will also push some soybeans to move, and there may be stuck soybeans inside some screening holes 44. Since the screening holes 44 are arranged in sequence from small to large apertures, the blocked soybeans are basically relatively small soybeans, which are embedded in the screening holes 44 by themselves or together with the soil. The bulldozer 502 will touch the blocked soybeans during the movement, and the blocked soybeans will contact the inclined surface of the bulldozer 502, and push the bulldozer 502 to drive the connecting shaft 59 and the round wheel 501 to slide upward along the inner wall of the square groove 58, until the surface of the bulldozer 502 is out of contact with the blocked soybeans, and the bulldozer 502 and the connecting shaft 59 and the round wheel 501 slide down along the inner surface of the slide groove 54 under the action of gravity. Therefore, the bulldozer 502 can slide up and down to avoid contact with the blocked soybeans. Because the pushing force of the bulldozer 502 is too great and the stuck soybeans cannot move, the stuck soybeans are forcibly pushed by the bulldozer 502, and then the soybeans are squeezed and crushed.

[0052] Since the bulldozer plate 502 is always sliding along the upper surface of the sieve plate 43 at certain moments, the bulldozer plate 502 will break away from the upper surface of the sieve plate 43 only when soybeans are stuck inside the screening hole 44. The bulldozer plate 502 moves back and forth, and there will not always be soybeans blocking the inside of the screening hole 44, and hard and relatively large clods of soil will always remain on the upper surface of the sieve plate 43. Therefore, the bulldozer plate 502 can push some clods of soil into the soil inlet box 51 to prevent the clods of soil from always remaining on the surface of the sieve plate 43, which may also cover the upper surface of the screening hole and affect the screening of the soybeans.

[0053] The displacement component 503 includes a lower limit plate 5031, a displacement groove 5032 is provided on the outer surface of the lower limit plate 5031, a displacement plate 5033 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the displacement groove 5032, a rotating shaft 5034 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the displacement plate 5033, and an upper limit plate 5035 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 5034. The circular wheel 501 can push the displacement plate 5033 to rotate on the forward path, and move along the upper surface of the displacement plate 5033 on the return path to change the moving height of the circular wheel 501 itself. In the initial state, under the action of gravity, the displacement plate 5033, the side close to the rotating shaft 5034, is in conflict with the inner wall of the displacement groove 5032.

[0054] The side of the lower limit plate 5031 away from the bulldozer blade 502 is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box 53 close to the bulldozer blade 502, and the upper surface of the lower limit plate 5031 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel 501. The side of the upper limit plate 5035 away from the bulldozer blade 502 is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box 53 close to the bulldozer blade 502, and the upper surface of the lower limit plate 5031 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel 501.

[0055] When the connecting plate 57 drives the connecting shaft 59, the round wheel 501 and the bulldozer 502 to move during the linear movement, the round wheel 501 first rolls on the upper surface of the lower limit plate 5031. When the round wheel 501 rolls to the side of the displacement groove 5032, it pushes the displacement plate 5033 to rotate around the outer surface of the rotating shaft 5034 until the displacement plate 5033 is out of contact with the inner wall of the displacement groove 5032, and the round wheel 501 can move through the displacement groove 5032 in contact with the lower surface of the displacement plate 5033, that is, the displacement plate 5033 will not hinder the movement of the round wheel 501, and the bulldozer 502 can push some soil blocks into the soil feeding box 51. After the displacement plate 5033 is out of contact with the round wheel 501, the displacement plate 5033 resets and rotates around the outer surface of the rotating shaft 5034 under the action of gravity, and contacts the inner surface of the displacement groove 5032 again.

[0056] When the slide rail 55 drives the slide 56 to reset, the bulldozer 502 will also reset along with the slide 56, and the round wheel 501 will also reset along the upper surface of the lower limit plate 5031 until the round wheel 501 is attached to the upper surface of the displacement plate 5033 again. The side of the displacement plate 5033 that contacts the displacement groove 5032 is resisted by the displacement groove 5032, which will push the round wheel 501 to rotate upward along the upper surface of the displacement plate 5033, and drive the connecting shaft 59 and the bulldozer 502 to move up along the inner surface of the square groove 58 through the round wheel 501 until the round wheel 501 rolls to the upper surface of the upper limit plate 5035. Therefore, during the resetting process of the bulldozer 502, the bottom of the bulldozer 502 is out of contact with the upper surface of the sieve plate 43, which will not hinder the soybeans rolling on the surface of the sieve plate 43, nor will it push the soil blocks on the surface of the sieve plate 43 to slide upward, resulting in the problem that the soil blocks cannot be collected.

[0057] When the round wheel 501 is reset and moved to a certain distance from the surface of the upper limit plate 5035, the initial end of the upper limit plate 5035 is set to an inclined shape to facilitate the round wheel 501 to slide down from the surface of the upper limit plate 5035 and fall to the upper surface of the lower limit plate 5031, thereby completing the pushing and collection of some soil blocks again.

[0058] The specific working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0059] First, the soybeans to be screened are put into the screening box 1 through the material hole at the top of the screening box 1, and the soybeans of different sizes are screened by the screen plate 43 inside the screening mechanism 4, so that the soybeans after screening are basically of the same size, and the soybeans of different sizes are classified and collected by the classification frame 2. The screen plate 43 is reciprocated by the telescopic rod 41 to prevent the defective products on the surface of the screen plate 43 from being unable to roll.

[0060] The squeezing plate 421 inside the squeezing component 42 slides to squeeze the gas inside the squeezing box 423 , so that the squeezing rod 428 pushes the soybeans stuck inside the screening hole 44 , so that the stuck soybeans are separated from the screening hole 44 .

[0061] Afterwards, by moving the bulldozer 502 inside the soil cleaning mechanism 5, the relatively hard and large soil blocks on the surface of the screen plate 43 can be pushed into the soil inlet box 51, thereby completing the collection of some of the soil blocks.

[0062] Finally, by cooperating with the displacement plate 5033 and the displacement groove 5032 inside the displacement component 503, the moving paths of the circular wheel 501 and the bulldozer plate 502 can be changed, so that the bulldozer plate 502 will not hinder the soybeans rolling on the surface of the screen plate 43 during the resetting process.

[0063] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field and related fields without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the field unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A soybean screening device, comprising a screening box (1), characterized in that: The lower surface of the inner wall of the screening box (1) is fixedly connected to a classification frame (2), the upper surface of the inner wall of the screening box (1) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (3), the top of the inner wall of the screening box (1) is fixedly connected to a screening mechanism (4), and the outer surface of the screening mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to a soil cleaning mechanism (5); The screening mechanism (4) comprises a telescopic rod (41), a pressing component (42) is arranged below the telescopic rod (41), a screen plate (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressing component (42), and a screening hole (44) is provided on the outer surface of the screen plate (43); The extrusion component (42) comprises an extrusion plate (421), the bottom of the extrusion plate (421) is fixedly connected to a spring belt (422), one end of the spring belt (422) away from the extrusion plate (421) is fixedly connected to an extrusion box (423), the bottom of the extrusion box (423) is fixedly connected to an air outlet pipe (424), one end of the air outlet pipe (424) away from the extrusion box (423) is fixedly connected to an air intake box (425), the inner wall of the air intake box (425) is slidably connected to a lifting block (426), the top of the lifting block (426) is fixedly connected to a moving frame (427), and the upper surface of the moving frame (427) is fixedly connected to an extrusion rod (428).

2. A soybean screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the telescopic rod (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner wall of the screening box (1), and the side of the squeezing component (42) away from the soil cleaning mechanism (5) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box (1).

3. A soybean screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the extrusion plate (421) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the extrusion box (423), the bottom of the extrusion box (423) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the screen plate (43), and the side of the extrusion box (423) away from the soil cleaning mechanism (5) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the screening box (1).

4. A soybean screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil cleaning mechanism (5) comprises a soil feeding box (51), the inner wall of the soil feeding box (51) is provided with a soil feeding hole (52), a soil scraping box (53) is fixedly connected to the side of the soil feeding box (51) close to the soil feeding hole (52), a sliding groove (54) is provided on the inner wall of the soil scraping box (53), a sliding rail (55) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the soil scraping box (53), a sliding platform (56) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the sliding rail (55), and a connecting plate (57) is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding platform (56) close to the sliding groove (54).

5. A soybean screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the connecting plate (57) is provided with a square groove (58), the inner wall of the square groove (58) is slidably connected to a connecting shaft (59), one end of the connecting shaft (59) close to the slide (56) is rotatably connected to a round wheel (501), one end of the connecting shaft (59) away from the round wheel (501) is fixedly connected to a bulldozer plate (502), and the outer surface of the round wheel (501) is rotatably connected to a displacement component (503).

6. A soybean screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the scraper box (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod (41); the side of the scraper box (53) away from the bulldozer (502) is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion box (423) close to the bulldozer (502); the side of the scraper box (53) close to the extrusion box (423) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the extrusion plate (421); and the outer surface of the connecting plate (57) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the slide groove (54).

7. A soybean screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the bulldozer plate (502) is slidably connected to the upper surface of the screen plate (43), and the side of the bulldozer plate (502) close to the connecting shaft (59) is slidably connected to the side of the connecting plate (57) away from the circular wheel (501).

8. A soybean screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The displacement component (503) comprises a lower limit plate (5031), the outer surface of the lower limit plate (5031) is provided with a displacement groove (5032), the inner wall of the displacement groove (5032) is slidably connected to the displacement plate (5033), the inner wall of the displacement plate (5033) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (5034), and the outer surface of the rotating shaft (5034) is fixedly connected to the upper limit plate (5035).

9. A soybean screening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side of the lower limit plate (5031) away from the bulldozer (502) is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box (53) close to the bulldozer (502), and the upper surface of the lower limit plate (5031) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel (501). The side of the upper limit plate (5035) away from the bulldozer (502) is fixedly connected to the side of the scraper box (53) close to the bulldozer (502), and the upper surface of the lower limit plate (5031) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular wheel (501).

10. A soybean screening method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The sieve plate (43) is arranged in an inclined shape and is matched with screening holes (44) of different apertures to screen soybeans of different sizes; S2: The telescopic rod (41) reciprocates the sieve plate (43), so that the defective soybeans on the surface of the sieve plate (43) vibrate on the surface of the sieve plate (43), and the defective soybeans can be screened; S3: The squeezing plate (421) squeezes the gas inside the squeezing box (423), and the squeezing rod (428) is pushed into the screening hole (44) by the gas pressure, so that the soybeans stuck inside the screening hole (44) can be pushed out of the screening hole (44), so that the screening hole (44) can continue to screen the remaining soybeans; S4: The bulldozer (502) slides along the surface of the sieve plate (43) to push relatively hard and large soil blocks on the surface of the sieve plate (43) into the bulldozer box, thereby completing the collection of some soil blocks on the surface of the sieve plate (43); S5: The cooperation between the displacement plate (5033) and the displacement groove (5032) inside the displacement component (503) can change the moving path of the round wheel (501) and the bulldozer (502), so that the bulldozer (502) will not come into contact with the soybeans on the surface of the sieve plate (43) during the resetting process, that is, the bulldozer (502) will not hinder the soybeans rolling on the surface of the sieve plate (43) on the resetting path.

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