Manufacturing process of train track milling and grinding disc

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation process of a train track milling and grinding cutter head and belongs to the technical field of train track repair. The technical scheme is as follows: the cutter head main body is in the shape of a wheel, the cutter head main body comprises a wheel disc part and a shaft shoulder part integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc part, a plurality of oblique installation grooves are formed in the side ring wall wheel surface of the wheel disc part, a plurality of blades are respectively installed in the plurality of installation grooves, a pressing groove is arranged on each blade, a pressing block is arranged in each pressing groove, the side surface of the pressing block close to the pressing groove is an obliquely arranged pressing surface, and the oblique direction of the pressing surface is consistent with the oblique direction of the blade when the pressing block is placed in the pressing groove. The blades in the train track milling and grinding cutter head are uniformly stressed after being fixed on the wheel disc part, are easy to disassemble and replace, and can reduce stress concentration. In addition, the method steps adopted by the preparation process of the train track milling and grinding cutter head are short and reasonable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a milling cutter, in particular to a preparation process of a train track milling cutter. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rail not only has to bear the operation of the train, but also has to guide the train to turn, which can be said to bear a huge pressure and impact force. Over time, wear and tear become inevitable problems. These damages and contact fatigue damages mainly include side wear, wave wear, hidden damage, cracks, fat edges and scratches, etc. All of these are the "diseases" of the rail, which will increase the wheel-rail noise and speed up the deterioration rate of the vehicle and the track, and affect the safe driving of the train. Therefore, the "rail grinder" is born.

[0003] There are mainly three ways to grind the rail: slide shoe type, grinding wheel type and milling. The slide shoe type is to press the grinding stone on the rail and reciprocate to rub the surface of the rail. Obviously, this way can only grind longitudinally and cannot take care of the inside and outside of the rail. The grinding wheel type uses a motor or a hydraulic motor to drive the grinding wheel to grind the rail at high speed. Because of this fast grinding speed, it is also known as high-speed rail grinding. Milling is the latest type of rail profile repair mode. It usually takes the rotary motion of the milling cutter as the main motion and the movement of the workpiece and the milling cutter as the feed motion. It can not only grind the plane and groove of the rail, but also process various curved surfaces and gears, etc.

[0004] The existing Chinese patent with publication number CN116213802 A discloses a steel rail online repair milling cutter, which comprises a cutter head and a blade. The cutter head is wheel-shaped, and an inner concave annular milling groove is arranged on the wheel surface of the cutter head on one side. The bottom contour line of the annular milling groove is arranged in the shape of "L". The two directions of the bottom of the annular milling groove correspond to the radial direction and the axial direction of the cutter head, respectively. A plurality of groups of blade grooves are arranged in an annular array on the bottom of the annular milling groove. Each group of blade grooves comprises a plurality of top surface machining grooves and a plurality of side surface machining grooves. The top surface machining grooves are arranged on the bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the axial direction of the cutter head, and the side surface machining grooves are arranged on the bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the radial direction of the cutter head.

[0005] The above-mentioned patent has some advantages, but still has some disadvantages, such as: the production process is complex, and the structure of the blade installation can be further improved to reduce the stress concentration phenomenon. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation process of a train track milling cutter to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0007] The technical purposes are achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0008] The train track milling cutter disc comprises a wheel-shaped disc main body, the disc main body comprises a disc part and a shaft shoulder part integrally formed at the end of the disc part, a plurality of inclined installation grooves are arranged on the side ring wall surface of the disc part, a plurality of blades are respectively arranged in the plurality of installation grooves, a pressing groove is arranged on the blade, a pressing block is arranged in the pressing groove, the side surface of the pressing block close to the pressing groove is an inclined pressing surface, the inclined direction of the pressing surface is consistent with the inclined direction of the blade when the pressing block is placed in the pressing groove, and the pressing block is fixed in the installation groove through a bolt.

[0009] Preferably, the installation grooves are arranged along a spiral line, and the included angle between the spiral line and the axis of the disc part ranges from 25 to 30 degrees.

[0010] The application further discloses a preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc, and comprises the following steps.

[0011] S1, blanking: after blanking, a die forging machine is used to forge the blank into a cylindrical forging blank;

[0012] S2, rough turning: rough turning is performed by using a lathe, and the shape allowance is controlled to be 1.5-2 mm;

[0013] S3, heat treatment: the heat treatment process is used to heat treat the disc to HRC 42-46;

[0014] S4, failure treatment: secondary deep cryogenic stress relief is performed;

[0015] S5, turning: the shape, end face, inner hole and taper are precisely turned;

[0016] S6, milling: the weight hole, via hole, pin hole and various counterbores and top screw holes are milled;

[0017] S7, semi-precision grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by using a ring gauge, and the taper contact area is controlled to be more than 85%;

[0018] S8, five-axis milling: a workpiece is installed, various tooth grooves are milled, the single-side allowance is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 mm, the cutter rotation direction and the installation groove of the disc main body are milled;

[0019] S9, clamping: burrs are removed, sharp edges are chamfered, and collision is controlled not to occur;

[0020] S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding and nickel plating are performed;

[0021] S11, precision grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by using a ring gauge, and the taper contact area is controlled to be more than 85%;

[0022] S12, five-axis milling processing: upper tooling, processing each tooth groove, detecting each group of runout, filling the blade within 0.02mm, and qualified after the machine;

[0023] S13, clamp processing: deburring, chamfering, and controlling no scratch;

[0024] S14, assembly: fixing the blade in the installation groove.

[0025] Preferably, the S3 adopts the heat treatment process as follows during heat treatment: stress relief annealing for 2-3h in an air furnace at 520-550℃, preheating for 10-20min at 875-890℃, holding for 40-50min at 1208-1213℃, and then transferring into a staged cooling furnace, cooling for 2-3h in a holding furnace at 485-490℃, then transferring into a holding furnace at 270-280℃ and cooling for 1-2h, and then natural cooling.

[0026] Preferably, the S4 adopts two-step deep cooling operation during failure treatment, first treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-195 to-200℃ for 3-4h, then treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-190 to-195℃ for 5-6h, and then recovering to normal temperature at room temperature.

[0027] Preferably, the S10 adopts the following steps during surface treatment of nitriding: first cleaning the cutting oil and impurities on the surface of the cutter with cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then soaking the cutter in 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30min, and holding at 30-35℃, and then cleaning with clean water.

[0028] Preferably, the S10 adopts wet sand blasting treatment during surface treatment of sand blasting, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be 80-100mm, uses wet glass beads and diamond sand as abrasive materials, and controls the sand blasting pressure to be 0.25-0.3MPa.

[0029] Preferably, the S10 controls the plating solution temperature to be 48-52℃, controls the PH to be 3.5-5.5, uses the plating solution containing 10-30g / L of nickel salt, 50-100g / L of ammonia water and 4-12g / L of CBAA, and maintains the plating solution conductivity to be 2-3.0S / cm during surface treatment of nickel plating.

[0030] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The blade in the train track milling and grinding disc is fixed behind the wheel disc part, stress is uniform, easy to disassemble and replace, and stress concentration phenomenon can be reduced; in addition, the preparation process of the train track milling and grinding disc adopts short and reasonable method steps, the milling and grinding disc has good hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance; not only simplifies the subsequent processing process, but also improves the overall life of the milling and grinding disc, reduces the cost, and prolongs the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the present application.

[0034] Reference signs: 1, disc body; 11, wheel disc part; 12, shaft shoulder part; 13, installation groove; 14, blade; 15, pressing groove; 16, pressing block; 17, bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application. Example 1

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the train track milling and grinding disc includes a wheel-shaped disc body 1, the disc body 1 includes a wheel disc part 11 and a shaft shoulder part 12 integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc part 11, a plurality of inclined installation grooves 13 are formed on the side ring wall surface of the wheel disc part 11, a plurality of blades 14 are respectively installed in the plurality of installation grooves 13, a pressing groove 15 is arranged on the blade 14, a pressing block 16 is arranged in the pressing groove 15, one side surface of the pressing block 16 close to the pressing groove 15 is an inclined pressing surface, when the pressing block 16 is placed in the pressing groove 15, the inclined direction of the pressing surface is consistent with the inclined direction of the blade 14, and the pressing block 16 is fixed at the installation groove 13 by a bolt 17. The installation grooves 13 are arranged along a spiral line, and the included angle between the spiral line and the axis of the wheel disc part 11 ranges from 25 to 30 degrees. Example 2

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The difference between the present embodiment and example 1 is that the present embodiment also discloses a preparation process of the train track milling and grinding disc, including the following steps:

[0038] S1, blanking: after blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a forging machine;

[0039] S2, rough turning: rough turning is used to control the shape allowance of 1.5mm;

[0040] S3, heat treatment: heat treatment is used to heat treat it to HRC 42-46;

[0041] S4, failure treatment: secondary deep cooling is used to remove stress;

[0042] S5, turning: finishing turning is used to control the allowance of end face, inner hole and taper;

[0043] S6, milling: milling is used to process weight hole, via hole, pin hole and each counterbore and top screw hole;

[0044] S7, semi-finish grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, and ring gauge is used for detection to control the contact area of taper to be more than 85%;

[0045] S8, five-axis milling: workpiece is installed, each tooth groove is processed, and the allowance of single side is 0.1mm; the installation groove 13 of cutter rotation direction and cutter disc main body 1 is processed;

[0046] S9, clamp processing: burr is removed, sharp edge is reversed, and collision is controlled not to occur;

[0047] S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding and nickel plating are used;

[0048] S11, finish grinding: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, and ring gauge is used for detection to control the contact area of taper to be more than 85%;

[0049] S12, five-axis milling: workpiece is installed, each tooth groove is processed, and each group of runout is detected; the installation of blade 14 is within 0.02mm, and the workpiece is removed after passing the detection;

[0050] S13, clamp processing: burr is removed, sharp edge is reversed, and collision is controlled not to occur;

[0051] S14, assembly: the blade 14 is fixed in the installation groove 13.

[0052] In S3, the heat treatment process is as follows: stress relief annealing is performed at 520℃ in an air furnace for 2h, preheating is performed at 875℃ for 10min, heat preservation is performed at 1208℃ for 40min, then the workpiece is transferred into a staged cooling furnace, cooled in a 485℃ heat preservation furnace for 2h, then transferred into a 270℃ heat preservation furnace for 1h, and then naturally cooled.

[0053] Wherein, S4 in the failure treatment, using two-step cryogenic operation, first the tool with liquid nitrogen in-195 liquid nitrogen treatment for 4h, restore to room temperature, then the tool with liquid nitrogen in-190 ℃ liquid nitrogen treatment 5-6h, then room temperature to room temperature.

[0054] Wherein, S10 in the surface treatment of nitriding, first clean the cutting oil and dirt on the surface of the tool with high pressure water, then soak in 5% concentration of sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30 minutes, and keep warm at 30℃, then rinse with clean water.

[0055] Wherein, S10 in the surface treatment of sand blasting, using wet sand blasting treatment, control the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece at 80mm, using wet glass beads and diamond sand as abrasive, the sand blasting pressure is controlled at 0.25MPa.

[0056] Wherein, S10 in the surface treatment of nickel plating, control the plating solution temperature at 48℃, control the PH at 3.8, the plating solution contains 10g / L of nickel salt, 100g / L of ammonia water and 4g / L of CBAA; the conductivity of the plating solution should be maintained at 2S / cm.

[0057] Wherein, the blade 14 in the train track milling cutter disc is fixed on the wheel disc part 11, the stress is uniform, easy to disassemble and replace, and the stress concentration phenomenon can be reduced; in addition, the preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc adopts a simple and reasonable method, the milling cutter disc has good hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance; not only simplifies the subsequent processing process, but also improves the overall life of the milling cutter disc, reduces the cost and prolongs the service life. Example 3

[0058] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The preparation process of the train track milling cutter disc is disclosed, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1, blanking: after blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine;

[0060] S2, rough turning: rough turning is performed by a lathe, and the shape allowance is controlled to be 2mm;

[0061] S3, heat treatment: heat treatment is performed by a heat treatment process to HRC 42-46;

[0062] S4, failure treatment: two-step cryogenic stress relief is adopted;

[0063] S5, turning: finish turning the shape, and the end face, inner hole and taper are left with a grinding allowance;

[0064] S6, milling: processing weight holes, through holes, pin holes and various counterbores and top screw holes;

[0065] S7, semi-finishing: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to detect, controlling taper contact area of more than 85%;

[0066] S8, five-axis milling: installing workpiece, processing each tooth groove, leaving single side 0.1-0.2mm excess amount; processing tool rotation direction and cutter disc main body 1 installation groove 13;

[0067] S9, clamp processing: removing burrs, inverting sharp edges, controlling not to have scratches;

[0068] S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding, nickel plating;

[0069] S11, finishing: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to detect, controlling taper contact area of more than 85%;

[0070] S12, five-axis milling: installing workpiece, processing each tooth groove, detecting each group runout, installing cutter 14 within 0.02mm, and dismounting after passing;

[0071] S13, clamp processing: removing burrs, inverting sharp edges, controlling not to have scratches;

[0072] S14, assembling: fixing cutter 14 in installation groove 13.

[0073] In S3, the heat treatment process is: stress relief annealing at 550℃ air furnace for 2h, then preheating at 890℃ for 10min, keeping temperature at 1213℃ for 50min, then transferring into grading cooling furnace, first cooling at 490℃ for 3h, then transferring into 280℃ for 2h, and then natural cooling.

[0074] In S4, two-step deep cooling is adopted: first, treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-195℃ for 3h, then recovering to normal temperature, and then again treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-195℃ for 6h, and then recovering to normal temperature at room temperature.

[0075] In S10, when nitriding, first, cleaning the cutter surface with cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then soaking in 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution for 20min, and keeping temperature at 35℃, and then cleaning with clean water.

[0076] In S10, when sand blasting, wet sand blasting is adopted, controlling the distance between spray gun and workpiece to be between 100mm, using wet glass beads and diamond sand as abrasive, and controlling sand blasting pressure at 0.3MPa.

[0077] Wherein, S10 in the surface treatment plating nickel, control plating solution temperature at 52 DEG C, control PH at 3.5, the plating solution used in the nickel salt content 30g / L, ammonia water content 50g / L, CBAA content 4g / L;Plating solution conductivity should be maintained at 2S / cm. Example 4

[0078] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment discloses a preparation process of a train track milling cutter disc, comprising the following steps:

[0079] S1, blanking: after blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine;

[0080] S2, rough turning: rough turning is performed by a lathe, and the shape allowance is controlled to be 1.7mm;

[0081] S3, heat treatment: the heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat the same to HRC 42-46;

[0082] S4, failure treatment: secondary deep cryogenic stress relief is adopted;

[0083] S5, turning: the shape, end face, inner hole and taper are precisely turned;

[0084] S6, milling: the weight hole, via hole, pin hole and each counterbore and top screw hole are processed;

[0085] S7, semi-fine grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by a ring gauge and controlled to be more than 85%;

[0086] S8, five-axis milling: a tooling is loaded, each tooth groove is processed, the allowance is controlled to be 0.1-0.2mm on one side; the tool rotation direction and the installation groove 13 of the cutter disc main body 1 are processed;

[0087] S9, clamping: burrs are removed, sharp edges are inverted, and collision is controlled not to occur;

[0088] S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding and nickel plating are performed;

[0089] S11, fine grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by a ring gauge and controlled to be more than 85%;

[0090] S12, five-axis milling: a tooling is loaded, each tooth groove is processed, and the group runout is detected; the cutter blade 14 is controlled to be within 0.02mm, and the machine is unloaded after being qualified;

[0091] S13, clamping: burrs are removed, sharp edges are inverted, and collision is controlled not to occur;

[0092] S14, assembly: the cutter blade 14 is fixed in the installation groove 13.

[0093] S3, in the heat treatment, adopts a heat treatment process: stress relief annealing for 3h in a 540 DEG C air furnace, then preheating for 10 min at 880 DEG C, and then heat preservation for 40-50 min at 1211 DEG C, and then transferring into a grading cooling furnace, first cooling for 2h in a 487 DEG C heat preservation furnace, then transferring into a 276 DEG C heat preservation furnace for 1h, and then natural cooling.

[0094] S4, in the failure treatment, adopts two-step deep cooling operation, first treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-197 DEG C for 3-4h, then treating the cutter with liquid nitrogen at-194 DEG C for 5-6h after recovering to normal temperature, and then recovering to normal temperature at room temperature.

[0095] S10, in the surface treatment of nitriding, first cleaning the cutting oil and sundries on the surface of the cutter with cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then soaking the cutter in 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution for 20 min and heat preservation at 34 DEG C, and then cleaning with clean water.

[0096] S10, in the surface treatment of sand blasting, adopts wet sand blasting treatment, controls the distance between the spray gun and the workpiece to be between 90 mm, adopts wet glass beads and diamond sand as abrasive materials, and controls the sand blasting pressure to be 0.28 MPa.

[0097] S10, in the surface treatment of nickel plating, controls the plating solution temperature to be 50 DEG C, controls the PH to be 4.4, adopts nickel salt content of 20 g / L, ammonia water content of 80 g / L and CBAA content of 8 g / L in the plating solution, and controls the plating solution conductivity to be maintained at 2.5 S / cm. Example 5

[0098] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The embodiment discloses a preparation process of a train track milling and grinding cutter disc, comprising the following steps:

[0099] S1, blanking: after blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine;

[0100] S2, rough turning: rough turning is performed by a lathe, and the shape allowance is controlled to be 1.9 mm;

[0101] S3, heat treatment: heat treatment is performed by adopting a heat treatment process to heat the cutter to HRC 42-46;

[0102] S4, failure treatment: two-step deep cooling is adopted for stress relief;

[0103] S5, turning: the shape, end face, inner hole and taper are precisely turned;

[0104] S6, milling: the weight hole, via hole, pin hole and various counterbores and top screw holes are milled;

[0105] S7, semi-finishing: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to detect, controlling taper contact area more than 85%;

[0106] S8, five-axis milling: installing workpiece, processing each tooth groove, leaving 0.15mm single side allowance; processing tool rotation direction and cutter main body 1 installation groove 13;

[0107] S9, clamp processing: removing burrs, inverting sharp edges, controlling no scratch;

[0108] S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding, nickel plating;

[0109] S11, finishing: grinding end face, inner hole and taper, using ring gauge to detect, controlling taper contact area more than 85%;

[0110] S12, five-axis milling: installing workpiece, processing each tooth groove, detecting each group runout, installing cutter 14 within 0.02mm, qualified, then unloading;

[0111] S13, clamp processing: removing burrs, inverting sharp edges, controlling no scratch;

[0112] S14, assembling: fixing cutter 14 in installation groove 13.

[0113] Wherein, S3 in heat treatment, using heat treatment process is: in 545 DEG C air furnace stress relief 2.5h, then in 883 DEG C preheating 16min, in 1213 DEG C heat preservation 40min, then into the grading cooling furnace, first in 485 DEG C heat preservation furnace cooling 2h, then into 280 DEG C heat preservation furnace cooling 2h, then natural cooling.

[0114] Wherein, S4 in failure treatment, using two-step cryogenic operation, first using liquid nitrogen in-197 DEG C liquid nitrogen treatment 3h, after recovery to normal temperature, again using liquid nitrogen in-192 DEG C liquid nitrogen treatment 5.5h, then room temperature recovery to normal temperature.

[0115] Wherein, S10 in surface treatment nitriding, first using cleaning agent and high pressure water to clean cutting oil and sundries on the surface of the cutter, then using 5% concentration sodium hydroxide solution to soak 25min, and heat preservation at 33 DEG C, then using clean water to rinse clean.

[0116] Wherein, S10 in surface treatment sand blasting, using wet sand blasting treatment, controlling the distance between spray gun and workpiece between 85mm, using wet glass beads and diamond sand as abrasive, sand blasting pressure control at 0.25MPa.

[0117] In the surface treatment of nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 52 DEG C, the pH is controlled at 4, the plating solution contains 15 g / L of nickel salt, 60 g / L of ammonia water and 7 g / L of CBAA.

[0118] In order to verify the superiority of the process of the application, the rail online repair milling cutter in the background art and the train track milling cutter produced by the embodiments 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the application are selected for experimental testing, and the experimental results are normalized with the actual test results of the comparative document. The following scheme in the comparative document is selected as a comparative example: the rail online repair milling cutter includes a cutter head and a blade, and has the following characteristics: the cutter head is wheel-shaped, the wheel surface of the cutter head is provided with an inner concave annular milling groove on one side, the bottom profile line of the annular milling groove is arranged in the shape of "L", the two directions of the bottom of the annular milling groove correspond to the radial direction and the axial direction of the cutter head, a plurality of groups of cutter grooves are arranged in an annular array on the bottom of the annular milling groove, each group of cutter grooves includes a plurality of top surface machining grooves and a plurality of side surface machining grooves, the top surface machining grooves are arranged on the bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the axial direction of the cutter head, the side surface machining grooves are arranged on the bottom of the annular milling groove corresponding to the radial direction of the cutter head, each top surface machining groove and each side surface machining groove include a cutter mounting groove and a pressing groove communicating with the cutter mounting groove to form an "L" shaped structure, and a locking hole is formed in the bottom of each pressing groove; each cutter mounting groove in each top surface machining groove and side surface machining groove is provided with a blade, the maximum surface of the blade in the top surface machining groove is located in a surface inclined to the radial direction of the cutter head, and the maximum surface of the blade in the side surface machining groove is located in a surface inclined to the axial direction of the cutter head; further comprising a pressing block, each pressing groove is provided with a pressing block, one side of the pressing block close to the cutter mounting groove is an inclined pressing surface, and when the pressing block is placed in the cutter mounting groove, the inclined direction of the pressing surface is consistent with the inclined direction of the blade in the top surface machining groove and the side surface machining groove, and the pressing block is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the locking hole and connected with the corresponding locking hole and mounting hole through a screw. According to the above structure, the cutter is manufactured by using common cutter steel material, and the cutter material used in the comparative document is 9SiCr.

[0119] After testing and normalization calculation, the following data results are obtained:

[0120]

[0121] From the above experimental data, it can be understood that the cutter produced by the embodiments 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the application has higher structural strength, and has great improvement in hardness, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability and corrosion resistance.

[0122] Wherein, the hardness test adopts Rockwell hardness test: using conical or spherical indenter, under the action of initial load and total load, indentation is formed, and the hardness value is calculated according to the indentation depth. Wear resistance test: the national standard GB / T12444 test method is adopted, which includes sample preparation, wear test, test data processing and result analysis steps, and is suitable for wear resistance detection of metal materials. After evaluation, the data is unified with the test results of the comparison file, that is, the comparison file is set to 100%;

[0123] Wherein, the fatigue performance test is as follows, adopts tensile test:

[0124] Prepare the sample: the cutter to be tested is made into a standard size sample, generally cylindrical, with a diameter generally between 2-5mm, and a length generally of 20-50mm.

[0125] Install the sample: install the sample on the clamping device of the tensile testing machine, and ensure that the load received by the sample during the test is applied along the axial direction of the sample.

[0126] Adjust the test conditions: adjust the parameters of the testing machine according to the test requirements, such as load rate, temperature, etc., and the load rate is generally between 1mm / min to 10mm / min.

[0127] Start the test: start the testing machine and begin to apply load, and record the load and displacement data in real time.

[0128] Analyze the results: after the test is completed, analyze the tensile properties and breaking strength of the sample according to the experimental data, and common results include Young's modulus, ultimate tensile strength, yield point, fracture toughness, etc.

[0129] Using the above experimental scheme, record the data and uniformize the data after processing, and the above table data can be obtained. After evaluation, the data is unified with the test results of the comparison file, that is, the comparison file is set to 100%.

[0130] In addition, the advantages of the present application are comprehensively analyzed: the heat treatment means and ultra-deep cryogenic treatment adopted by the present process can significantly improve the hardness of the cutter, because the low temperature environment such as ultra-deep cryogenic treatment promotes the transformation of residual austenite in the steel into martensite, thereby increasing the hardness of the steel. With the increase of hardness, the wear resistance of the cutter is also enhanced, which means that the cutter can maintain its shape and size stability during long-term use, reducing wear and deformation.

[0131] In addition, the process adopted by the present application can enhance the fatigue resistance. The above-mentioned heat treatment process and ultra-deep cryogenic treatment can refine the grains of the tool steel, eliminate internal stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the fatigue resistance of the tool. This enables the tool to withstand more cycles without fatigue failure when working under cyclic loading, prolonging the service life of the tool.

[0132] In addition, the process can improve the dimensional stability. The ultra-deep cryogenic treatment helps to stabilize the microstructure of the tool steel, reducing the dimensional change caused by temperature change. This ensures that the tool can maintain accurate size and shape during manufacturing and use, improving the machining precision and consistency of the product. The process can improve corrosion resistance. After ultra-deep cryogenic treatment, the tool steel also improves its corrosion resistance. This is because low-temperature treatment can promote the uniform distribution of alloying elements in the steel, forming a more compact oxide film that can effectively block the erosion of the external environment, reducing the risk of tool failure due to corrosion.

[0133] In addition, the process simplifies the subsequent processing flow. After ultra-deep cryogenic treatment, the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the tool have been significantly improved, so some subsequent finishing steps can be simplified or omitted. This not only reduces production costs, but also shortens production cycles and improves production efficiency. With the improvement of the above performance, ultra-deep cryogenic treatment can significantly prolong the service life of the tool. This means that the tool can maintain its performance and precision for a longer period of time, reducing the frequency and cost of replacing the tool. Ultra-deep cryogenic treatment is a physical treatment method that does not involve chemical reagents and emissions, so it has environmental advantages. At the same time, due to the extension of tool life and the improvement of production efficiency, enterprises can reduce production costs and improve economic efficiency.

[0134] Wet sandblasting can improve the surface quality of the tool. By high-speed spraying sand particles to collide with the surface of the tool, it can remove dirt, oxides and small irregularities on the surface, making the tool surface smoother and more even. This improvement in surface quality helps to reduce friction and resistance during cutting, thereby improving the cutting efficiency and machining quality of the tool. Secondly, wet sandblasting can also improve the service life of the tool to some extent. The surface of the tool treated by wet sandblasting will form a compressive stress layer, which helps to reduce fatigue and wear of the tool during use. At the same time, wet sandblasting can also refine the grains on the surface of the tool, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the tool, and further prolong the service life of the tool.

[0135] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those having ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process of a train track milling and grinding disc, characterized in that: The train track milling cutter disc comprises a wheel-shaped disc main body (1), the disc main body (1) comprises a wheel disc part (11) and a shaft shoulder part (12) integrally formed at the end of the wheel disc part (11), a plurality of inclined installation grooves (13) are arranged on the side ring wall wheel surface of the wheel disc part (11), a plurality of blades (14) are respectively arranged in the plurality of installation grooves (13), a pressing groove (15) is arranged on the blade (14), a pressing block (16) is arranged in the pressing groove (15), the side surface of the pressing block (16) close to the pressing groove (15) is an inclined pressing surface, when the pressing block (16) is placed in the pressing groove (15), the inclined direction of the pressing surface is consistent with the inclined direction of the blade (14), and the pressing block (16) is fixed in the installation groove (13) through a bolt (17); the installation grooves (13) are arranged along a spiral line, and the included angle between the spiral line and the axis of the wheel disc part (11) ranges from 25 to 30 degrees; The preparation process comprises the following steps: S1, blanking: after blanking, the blank is forged into a cylindrical forging blank by a die forging machine; S2, rough turning: rough turning is performed by a lathe, and the shape allowance is controlled to be 1.5-2 mm; S3, heat treatment: the heat treatment process is adopted to heat treat it to HRC 42-46; S4, failure treatment: secondary deep cooling stress relief is adopted; S5, turning: the shape, end face, inner hole and taper are precisely turned; S6, milling: the weight hole, via hole, pin hole and various counterbores and top screw holes are milled; S7, semi-fine grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by a ring gauge, and the taper contact area is controlled to be more than 85%; S8, five-axis milling: the tooling is installed, various tooth grooves are milled, the allowance is controlled to be 0.1-0.2 mm on one side; the tool rotation direction and the installation groove (13) of the disc main body (1) are milled; S9, clamping: burrs are removed, sharp edges are chamfered, and collision is controlled; S10, surface treatment: sand blasting, nitriding and nickel plating are performed; S11, fine grinding: the end face, inner hole and taper are ground, and the taper contact area is detected by a ring gauge, and the taper contact area is controlled to be more than 85%; S12, five-axis milling: the tooling is installed, various tooth grooves are milled, various group runouts are detected, the blades (14) are installed to be within 0.02 mm, and the machine is stopped after the blades (14) are qualified; S13, clamping: burrs are removed, sharp edges are chamfered, and collision is controlled; S14, assembly: the blades (14) are fixed in the installation grooves (13). The S3 is heat treated by the following process: stress relief annealing at 520-550 DEG C for 2-3h in an air furnace, preheating at 875-890 DEG C for 10-20min, holding at 1208-1213 DEG C for 40-50min, then transferred into a grading cooling furnace, first cooled at 485-490 DEG C for 2-3h, then transferred into a holding furnace at 270-280 DEG C for 1-2h, and then naturally cooled; the S4 is treated by two-step deep cooling, first treated by liquid nitrogen at -195 to -200 DEG C for 3-4h, then treated by liquid nitrogen at -190 DEG C to -195 DEG C for 5-6h, and then recovered to normal temperature; the S10 is surface treated by nitriding, first cleaned by a cleaning agent and high-pressure water, then soaked in 5% sodium hydroxide solution for 20-30min, and then soaked at 30-35 DEG C, and then cleaned by clean water; the S10 is surface treated by nickel plating, the plating solution temperature is controlled at 48-52 DEG C, the pH is controlled at 3.5-5.5, the nickel salt content in the plating solution is 10-30g / L, the ammonia water content is 50-100g / L, and the CBAA content is 4-12g / L, and the plating solution conductivity is maintained at 2-3.0S / cm.

2. The manufacturing process of a train track milling and grinding cutter disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S10 is surface treated by sand blasting, wet sand blasting is adopted, the distance between the sand blasting gun and the workpiece is controlled at 80-100mm, wet glass beads and diamond sand are used as abrasive materials, and the sand blasting pressure is controlled at 0.25-0.3MPa.

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