Bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement integrated technology
Through the integrated technology of small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement, the stability and bearing capacity of the foundation under complex geological conditions are solved, and the construction cycle is shortened, cost reduction and long-term stability of the foundation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411935071.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
AI Technical Summary
The foundations of small bridges and culverts are difficult to meet the requirements of stability and bearing capacity under complex geological conditions. Traditional foundation treatment methods have problems such as long construction cycle, high cost and great environmental impact.
The integrated technology of small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement is adopted, including detailed survey of geological conditions, determining the parameters of deep grouting mixing piles and geogrid chamber-reinforced soil composite cushion, conducting precise construction, and synchronously installing an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the settlement, stress and moisture content of the foundation in real time.
Through integrated technology, the stability and bearing capacity of the foundation are improved, the construction cycle is shortened, the material usage and transportation costs are reduced, and the long-term stability and safety of the foundation are ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN119531352A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of foundation treatment and reinforcement, and in particular to an integrated technology for small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement. Background Art
[0002] As an important part of transportation infrastructure, the safety and durability of small bridges and culverts are directly related to the smoothness of transportation and the safety of people's lives and property. However, in actual projects, the foundations of small bridges and culverts often face complex geological conditions, such as soft soil, uneven strata, and abundant groundwater, which pose severe challenges to the stability and bearing capacity of the foundation.
[0003] Traditional foundation treatment methods, such as replacement, compaction, and preloading, can improve the performance of the foundation to a certain extent, but they often have problems such as long construction period, high cost, and great impact on the surrounding environment. In particular, for projects such as small bridges and culverts with complex structures and high requirements for foundations, traditional foundation treatment methods often cannot meet the requirements.
[0004] In recent years, with the continuous development of engineering technology, some new foundation treatment and reinforcement technologies have emerged, such as deep mixing piles and geosynthetics reinforcement. These technologies have improved the stability and bearing capacity of the foundation to a certain extent, but there are still problems such as high construction difficulty and difficult quality control. Especially for projects such as small bridges and culverts that have high requirements for foundation settlement and deformation, how to ensure the effect of foundation treatment and reinforcement has become an urgent problem to be solved.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop an integrated technology for foundation treatment and reinforcement of small bridges and culverts to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned technologies and provide an integrated technology for foundation treatment and reinforcement of small bridges and culverts.
[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an integrated technology for small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement, comprising the following steps:
[0008] 1) Conduct a detailed survey of the geological conditions at the locations of the small bridge and culvert, including soil layer distribution, soil physical and mechanical properties, and groundwater level information, to provide an accurate basis for the design of the scheme;
[0009] 2) According to the survey results, determine the size parameters of deep grouting mixing piles and the thickness and material parameters of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion;
[0010] 3) Prepare the materials and equipment required for construction, ensure that the material quality meets the requirements and the equipment performance is good;
[0011] 4) Carry out the construction of deep grouting and mixing piles according to the design requirements, strictly control the grouting pressure, mixing speed and lifting speed, etc., to ensure the quality of the pile body;
[0012] 5) After the construction of the mixing pile is completed, the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion is laid;
[0013] 6) During the construction process, the sensors of the intelligent monitoring system are installed simultaneously to ensure that the sensors are accurately positioned and data transmission is normal;
[0014] 7) After construction is completed, continuously monitor the settlement, stress, moisture content and other parameters of the foundation, and evaluate the stability of the foundation based on the monitoring data;
[0015] 8) Carry out necessary maintenance and adjustments to the foundation based on the monitoring results. If any abnormality is found in the foundation, take appropriate measures to deal with it in a timely manner.
[0016] Furthermore, in step 1), the surveying means include drilling, static penetration and geological radar; the physical properties of the soil include the water content, porosity, compression coefficient, and shear strength of the soil.
[0017] Furthermore, in step 2), the dimension parameters of the deep grouting and mixing piles include length, diameter, spacing, number and arrangement of the pile body, so as to ensure that the pile body can effectively bear the upper load and evenly transfer it to the deep stable soil layer;
[0018] Furthermore, in the step 4), the deep grouting and mixing pile construction includes measuring and laying out, positioning of the drilling rig, drilling and forming holes, grouting and mixing, re-mixing and re-spraying, and pile head treatment.
[0019] Furthermore, in the step 5), the structure of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer is as follows: first, geocells are laid on the foundation surface, multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid at the bottom of the geocells, and then well-graded sand and gravel are filled and cement and additives are added for solidification, and finally multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid on the top of the geocell layer to form a composite cushion layer to enhance the integrity and bearing capacity; the laying of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer includes the contents of foundation leveling, geocell laying, sand and gravel filling and solidification, geogrid laying and rolling forming.
[0020] Furthermore, in step 6), the monitoring system includes burying pressure, displacement and humidity sensors in foundation treatment and reinforcement, the pressure sensor is arranged inside the pile body and at the contact surface between the composite cushion and the pile body; the displacement sensor is arranged at the top of the pile and the surface of the foundation, and is evenly spaced on the surface of the foundation; the humidity sensor is arranged inside the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion and inside the soil between the piles; the pressure, displacement, humidity and other sensors transmit data to the central control system in real time to monitor stress distribution, settlement deformation and moisture content changes.
[0021] Furthermore, the step 7) also includes recording and analyzing the monitoring data in detail, and drawing settlement curves and stress distribution diagrams based on the monitoring data to timely understand the changes in the foundation.
[0022] Furthermore, in step 8), the foundation anomaly includes excessive settlement of the region and uneven stress distribution.
[0023] Furthermore, the step 8) also includes necessary maintenance and repair work on the foundation, timely replacement of damaged geocells, geogrids, etc., and additional piles or reinforcement treatment of areas with excessive settlement.
[0024] Advantages of the invention: The invention provides an integrated technology for foundation treatment and reinforcement of small bridges and culverts. First, through detailed investigation, drilling, static penetration and geological radar are used to fully understand the geological conditions, obtain key information such as the physical and mechanical properties of the soil, and provide a reliable basis for accurate design. According to the investigation results, the various parameters of the deep grouting mixing pile and the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion are determined to ensure that the pile body effectively bears the upper load and transmits it evenly, and the composite cushion layer enhances the integrity and bearing capacity. During the construction process, the construction parameters of the deep grouting mixing pile are strictly controlled to ensure the quality of the pile body; the laying of geocells is standardized. Room - reinforced soil composite cushion, each step has a clear process, and an intelligent monitoring system is installed simultaneously. By burying pressure, displacement and humidity sensors in different parts, data can be transmitted in real time and accurately, and stress distribution, settlement deformation and water content changes can be fully grasped. The monitoring data can be recorded and analyzed in detail, and settlement curves and stress distribution diagrams can be drawn to timely grasp the changes in the foundation. Once the foundation abnormality is found, such as excessive settlement or uneven stress distribution, maintenance, adjustment and repair can be carried out in time, damaged parts can be replaced, and piles or reinforcements can be added to the areas with excessive settlement, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the foundations of small bridges and culverts. The treatment depth of the present invention is large and the construction quality is easy to ensure. Compared with large-scale replacement of sand and gravel fillers, the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion technology reduces the material usage and transportation costs, and the construction period is also greatly shortened. For river silt foundations, no large horizontal stable platform is required, which solves the construction site problem of the pile foundation method; a large amount of silt excavation is reduced, and the shortcomings of the soil replacement method are avoided; the intelligent system can grasp the status of the foundation in real time, and adjust the construction and reinforcement measures in time to ensure that the foundation can remain stable under various complex conditions, avoiding the occurrence of problems such as uneven settlement and foundation instability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of an integrated technology for small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any reasonable combination of the specific implementation modes.
[0027] An integrated technology for small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement includes the following steps:
[0028] 1) Conduct a detailed survey of the geological conditions at the location of the small bridge and culvert, including soil layer distribution, soil physical and mechanical properties, and groundwater level information, to provide an accurate basis for the design of the scheme; the survey methods include drilling, static penetration, and geological radar; the soil physical properties include soil water content, porosity, compression coefficient, and shear strength.
[0029] It is understandable that before the foundation treatment and reinforcement of small bridges and culverts, a comprehensive and detailed survey of the geological conditions at their locations is an extremely important preliminary work. The core purpose of the survey is to provide an accurate and reliable basis for the subsequent scheme design, so as to ensure that the foundation treatment and reinforcement scheme can scientifically and reasonably meet the actual geological conditions, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the project. Specifically, the survey content covers soil layer distribution, soil physical and mechanical properties and groundwater level information. The soil layer distribution includes the specific distribution of different soil layers in the vertical and horizontal directions. Different soil layer distribution conditions often determine the need for different foundation treatment methods; soil physical and mechanical properties are also the focus of the survey. Among them, parameters such as water content, porosity, compression coefficient and shear strength directly reflect the physical state and mechanical properties of the soil. For example, water content has a significant effect on the weight and shear strength of the soil; the porosity can intuitively reflect the density of the soil; the compression coefficient is used to measure the compression deformation capacity of the soil under pressure; and the shear strength determines the ability of the soil to resist shear failure. These parameters play a decisive role in evaluating the deformation characteristics, bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. In addition, the height and changes of the groundwater level have a significant impact on the stability of the foundation, the mechanical properties of the soil and the durability of the foundation. For example, too high a groundwater level may reduce the effective stress of the foundation soil, thereby reducing the bearing capacity of the foundation, and may also cause a series of problems such as foundation corrosion. In order to fully and accurately grasp the geological conditions, a variety of exploration methods need to be adopted. Drilling can obtain deep soil samples, allowing us to intuitively understand the soil structure and soil characteristics; static penetration determines the physical and mechanical properties of the soil by measuring the resistance of the probe when it penetrates the soil; geological radar uses electromagnetic waves to detect underground geological structures and abnormal conditions, and has the advantage of quickly and non-destructively obtaining large-area underground information.
[0030] 2) According to the survey results, determine the size parameters of the deep grouting and mixing piles and the thickness and material parameters of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion; the size parameters of the deep grouting and mixing piles include length, diameter, spacing, number and arrangement of the pile body, to ensure that the pile body can effectively bear the upper load and evenly transfer it to the deep stable soil layer;
[0031] 3) Prepare the materials and equipment required for construction, and ensure that the material quality meets the requirements and the equipment performance is good. Deep grouting mixing piles use general-purpose silicate cement with a higher strength grade as the base material, such as PO 52.5 cement. This cement has the characteristics of high early strength and good stability, and can provide a solid foundation for foundation reinforcement. At the same time, its good gelling properties help to better integrate with other additives to form a stable solidified structure; use polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance water reducers, which have a high water reduction rate and dispersion properties. Under the premise of ensuring the fluidity of the grouting material, it can greatly reduce the water-cement ratio and reduce the excess water residue in the soil, thereby improving the density and strength of the grouting material; select polypropylene fibers with high strength, high modulus and good durability as reinforcing materials. The diameter of polypropylene fibers is generally controlled at 10 to 20 microns and the length is 6 to 12 mm. Fibers of this size can be used in grouting. The fiber is evenly dispersed in the material to form a three-dimensional randomly distributed reinforcement network. When the grouting material is subjected to external force, the fiber can effectively prevent the expansion and extension of microcracks, improve the crack resistance and toughness of the material, and at the same time, polypropylene fiber has good chemical stability, can maintain stable performance in humid and complex geological environments, and will not react with the chemical components in the soil, thereby ensuring the long-term stability of the foundation; in order to further improve the performance of the grouting material, a small amount of silica fume and metakaolin can also be added. Silica fume has an extremely high specific surface area and volcanic ash activity, which can react with calcium hydroxide in cement hydration products to generate hydrated calcium silicate with gelling properties, thereby improving the early and late strength of the grouting material. Metakaolin can also undergo volcanic ash reaction in an alkaline environment, and synergize with silica fume to further optimize the microstructure of the grouting material, improve its density and impermeability, and in addition, a small amount of anti-sulfate erosion agent is added to enhance the erosion resistance of the grouting material in soil containing corrosive media such as sulfates, ensuring the durability of the foundation under harsh geological conditions.
[0032] 4) Carry out the construction of deep grouting and mixing piles in accordance with the design requirements, strictly control the grouting pressure, mixing speed and lifting speed, etc., to ensure the quality of the pile body; the deep grouting and mixing pile construction includes measurement and layout, drilling rig positioning, drilling and hole formation, grouting and mixing, re-mixing and re-spraying, and pile head treatment.
[0033] 5) After the construction of the mixing piles is completed, the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer is laid; the structure of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer is as follows: firstly, the geocell is laid on the foundation surface, and multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid under the geocells, and then well-graded sand and gravel are filled and cement and additives are added for solidification, and finally multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid on the top of the geocell layer to form a composite cushion layer to enhance the integrity and bearing capacity; the laying of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer includes the contents of foundation leveling, geocell laying, sand and gravel filling and solidification, geogrid laying and rolling forming.
[0034] 6) During the construction process, the sensors of the intelligent monitoring system are installed synchronously to ensure that the position of the sensors is accurate and the data transmission is normal; the monitoring system includes pressure, displacement and humidity sensors buried in the foundation treatment and reinforcement, and the pressure sensor is arranged inside the pile body and at the contact surface between the composite cushion and the pile body; the displacement sensor is arranged at the top of the pile and the surface of the foundation, and is evenly spaced on the surface of the foundation; the humidity sensor is arranged inside the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion and inside the soil between the piles; the pressure, displacement, humidity and other sensors transmit data to the central control system in real time to monitor stress distribution, settlement deformation and moisture content changes.
[0035] It is understandable that pressure sensors are buried at different depths of deep grouting mixing piles. The specific positions include 1 / 4 pile length, 1 / 2 pile length and 3 / 4 pile length below the pile top. This is because these positions can better reflect the stress conditions of the pile body at different depths when it is subjected to upper loads. By monitoring the pressure changes at these positions, the load transfer law of the pile body can be understood, and it can be determined whether the pile body is evenly stressed and whether there is stress concentration. Pressure sensors are arranged on the contact surface between the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion and the deep grouting mixing pile. This position can monitor in real time the reaction force of the pile body on the composite cushion, as well as the stress distribution between the two. This is very important for evaluating the collaborative working performance between the pile body and the composite cushion, as well as for judging the composite. The overall bearing capacity of the foundation is of great significance. Multiple displacement sensors are evenly arranged on the surface of the foundation. The spacing is determined according to the size of the foundation and the monitoring requirements, generally 3-5 meters. These sensors are mainly used to monitor the overall settlement of the foundation. By analyzing the data of displacement sensors at different positions, the settlement distribution on the foundation surface can be intuitively understood, and it can be determined whether there is uneven settlement. A displacement sensor is set at the top of each deep grouting mixing pile. The displacement of the pile top is one of the important indicators reflecting the working state of the pile body. By monitoring the displacement of the pile top, the deformation of the pile body under load can be directly understood, and the bearing capacity and stability of the pile body can be evaluated. Humidity sensors are buried at different depths of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion, generally at 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the cushion thickness. These sensors are used to monitor the changes in soil moisture content in the composite cushion and understand the distribution and migration of moisture in the cushion, because changes in moisture content will affect the physical and mechanical properties of the composite cushion, and thus affect the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. Humidity sensors are buried in the soil between adjacent deep grouting and mixing piles. The humidity sensors at this location can monitor the changes in soil moisture content between piles, analyze the impact of piles on the moisture content of the surrounding soil, and the impact of moisture on pile-soil interaction, which is of great reference value for evaluating the long-term stability and durability of the foundation.
[0036] 7) After the construction is completed, the settlement, stress, moisture content and other parameters of the foundation are continuously monitored, and the stability of the foundation is evaluated based on the monitoring data; it also includes detailed recording and analysis of the monitoring data, and drawing settlement curves and stress distribution diagrams based on the monitoring data to keep abreast of foundation changes.
[0037] 8) According to the monitoring results, the foundation is maintained and adjusted as necessary. If any abnormality is found in the foundation, appropriate measures are taken in time to deal with it. The foundation abnormality includes excessive settlement in the area and uneven stress distribution. It also includes necessary maintenance and repair work on the foundation, timely replacement of damaged geocells and geogrids, and pile reinforcement or reinforcement of areas with excessive settlement.
[0038] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A technology for integrated treatment and reinforcement of small bridge and culvert foundation, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Conduct a detailed survey of the geological conditions at the locations of the small bridge and culvert, including soil layer distribution, soil physical and mechanical properties, and groundwater level information, to provide an accurate basis for the design of the scheme; 2) According to the survey results, determine the size parameters of deep grouting mixing piles and the thickness and material parameters of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion; 3) Prepare the materials and equipment required for construction, ensure that the material quality meets the requirements and the equipment performance is good; 4) Carry out the construction of deep grouting and mixing piles according to the design requirements, strictly control the grouting pressure, mixing speed and lifting speed, etc., to ensure the quality of the pile body; 5) After the construction of the mixing pile is completed, the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion is laid; 6) During the construction process, the sensors of the intelligent monitoring system are installed simultaneously to ensure that the sensors are accurately positioned and data transmission is normal; 7) After construction is completed, continuously monitor the settlement, stress, moisture content and other parameters of the foundation, and evaluate the stability of the foundation based on the monitoring data; 8) Carry out necessary maintenance and adjustments to the foundation based on the monitoring results. If any abnormality is found in the foundation, take appropriate measures to deal with it in a timely manner.
2. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step 1), the survey means include drilling, static penetration and geological radar; the physical properties of the soil include the water content, porosity, compression coefficient and shear strength of the soil.
3. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 2), the dimensional parameters of the deep grouting and mixing piles include length, diameter, spacing, number and arrangement of the pile body, ensuring that the pile body can effectively bear the upper load and evenly transfer it to the deep stable soil layer.
4. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step 4), the deep grouting and mixing pile construction includes measuring and laying out, positioning the drilling rig, drilling holes, grouting and mixing, re-mixing and re-spraying, and pile head treatment.
5. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step 5), the structure of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer is as follows: firstly, geocells are laid on the foundation surface, multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid under the geocells, then well-graded sand and gravel are filled and cement and additives are added for solidification, and finally multiple layers of high-strength geogrids are laid on the top of the geocell layer to form a composite cushion layer to enhance the integrity and bearing capacity; the laying of the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion layer includes the contents of foundation leveling, geocell laying, sand and gravel filling and solidification, geogrid laying and rolling forming.
6. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the step 6), the monitoring system includes pressure, displacement and humidity sensors buried in the foundation treatment and reinforcement, the pressure sensor is arranged inside the pile body and at the contact surface between the composite cushion and the pile body; the displacement sensor is arranged at the top of the pile and the surface of the foundation, and is evenly spaced on the surface of the foundation; the humidity sensor is arranged inside the geocell-reinforced soil composite cushion and inside the soil between the piles; the pressure, displacement, humidity and other sensors transmit data to the central control system in real time to monitor stress distribution, settlement deformation and moisture content changes.
7. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step 7) also includes recording and analyzing the monitoring data in detail, drawing settlement curves and stress distribution diagrams based on the monitoring data, and timely understanding the changes in the foundation.
8. The integrated technology for treating and reinforcing the foundation of a small bridge and a culvert according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 8), the foundation anomaly includes excessive settlement of the region and uneven stress distribution.
9. A small bridge and culvert foundation treatment and reinforcement integrated technology according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that: The step 8) also includes necessary maintenance and repair work on the foundation, timely replacement of damaged geocells, geogrids, etc., and additional piles or reinforcement treatment of areas with excessive settlement.