An in-slit temporary plugging visual testing device and an operating method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of temporary plugging visualization test devices in seam and its operating method, belong to petroleum drilling and completion technical field, the device includes gas pressurization system, flow manifold system, visual detection system, data metering acquisition processing system.Simultaneously, the application also discloses a kind of temporary plugging visualization test device in seam and its operating method.The main body model of technical scheme of the present application is mainly realized by visual model structure, and realizes the system, accurate test and evaluation to plugging in seam, steering fracturing, improves the reliability of test evaluation result, the present application can effectively evaluate temporary plugging agent particle size distribution, steering effect, effective degradation rate etc., so as to realize the direct observation to temporary plugging agent plugging stratum fracture process, test the effect of plugging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil drilling and completion, and relates to a fracture-in temporary plugging visual testing device and an operation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for oil and gas resources in the international community and the development of exploration technology, more advanced oil exploration and development technologies are developed and utilized, and more and more low-permeability oil fields are discovered. As a common plugging material in the process of fracturing reconstruction, the temporary plugging agent is often used for the steering effect in the process of downhole repeated fracturing. A new fracture is pressed out in a direction different from the original fracture direction through temporary plugging of the original perforation or fracture by the temporary plugging agent, so as to communicate the unused reservoir or the oil layer with a lower degree of utilization, increase the oil drainage area, and improve the production capacity.

[0003] The fracture-in temporary plugging agent can block the pressure transmission of the fluid in the fracture to the tip of the fracture, improve the net pressure in the fracture, and force the fracture to occur multiple steering so as to activate and communicate more micro-fractures. The existing testing and evaluation of the fracture-in temporary plugging agent uses a drilling fluid plugging experiment device, and there is no special evaluation system. The temporary plugging agent particle size distribution, steering effect, and effective degradation rate cannot be effectively evaluated. There is a large gap between the field application effect and the laboratory evaluation result. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a special evaluation system for the fracture-in temporary plugging. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a fracture-in temporary plugging visual testing device and an operation method thereof. The temporary plugging agent particle size distribution, steering effect, and effective degradation rate can be effectively evaluated. The direct observation of the process of plugging the fracture of the stratum by the temporary plugging agent is realized, and the plugging effect is tested. The embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows:

[0005] On one hand, the embodiments of the present application provide a fracture-in temporary plugging visual testing device, which mainly comprises a gas pressurizing system, a flow manifold system, a visual detection system, a data metering, collecting, and processing system, etc. The gas pressurizing system comprises a gas cylinder, an air compressor, a booster pump, a gas storage tank, etc., can store high-pressure gas, and release the high-pressure gas to instantaneously extrude the mixed liquid in the upper part of the piston container, drive the fluid to flow into the detection system; the flow manifold system comprises a piston container, a valve, a pressure sensor, a pipeline, etc., can control the flow of the mixed liquid; the visual detection system comprises a main body model, a heating jacket, a temperature control instrument, etc., can observe the flow of the mixed liquid in the fracture and the plugging of the fracture by the temporary plugging agent particles; and the data metering, collecting, and processing system piston container and the matching equipment can collect the mixed liquid flowing out of the visual detection system, and carry out drying, screening, and weighing, and analyze the influence of the temporary plugging agent particle size and composition on the plugging effect.

[0006] The gas cylinder and the air compressor are connected with the gas booster pump by high-pressure metal pipelines; the generated high-pressure gas is stored in the gas storage tank, and the gas booster pump is connected with the gas storage tank by high-pressure metal pipelines; the gas pressure reducing valve plays a role in adjusting the gas pressure in the gas storage tank, and is connected with the gas storage tank by metal pipelines; each pressure gauge and gas valve are screwed on the high-pressure metal pipelines; the gas storage tank is connected with the piston container by high-pressure metal pipelines, and the gas inlet is below the piston container; the heating jacket is wrapped on the outer surface of the piston container, and plays a role in heating the medium in the piston container; the temperature control instrument is screwed on the piston container, and is connected with the inside of the piston container, and plays a role in detecting the temperature of the internal medium; the upper part of the piston container is connected with the visual detection system main body model by high-pressure metal pipelines, and the pressure sensor is screwed on the high-pressure metal pipelines; the heating jacket is wrapped on the outer surface of the main body model, and plays a role in heating the medium in the main body model; the temperature control instrument is screwed on the main body model, and is connected with the inside of the main body model, and plays a role in detecting the temperature of the internal medium; the other end of the main body model is connected with the piston container by high-pressure metal pipelines, and the pressure sensor is screwed on the high-pressure metal pipelines.

[0007] Further, the gas pressurizing system mainly consists of a gas cylinder, an air compressor, a gas booster pump, a gas storage tank, a left piston container, various valve parts and a two-phase mixture of fracturing fluid and temporary plugging agent.

[0008] Further, the visual detection system mainly consists of a main body model, and the main body model structure consists of an upper flange, a wallca pressure pad, an O-shaped sealing ring, a cavity, a lower flange, a fastening bolt, a nut, a gasket, a simulated fracture, a 3D printed component, a sapphire glass, a left fluid inlet and outlet, a visual window, a right fluid inlet and outlet and the like. The 3D printed component includes a 3D printed gasket and a 3D printed pressure pad; the upper flange, the cavity and the lower flange are connected by the fastening bolt, and the fastening bolt is pre-tightened by the gasket and the nut; the wallca pressure pad is installed between the upper flange and the lower flange and the sapphire glass; the O-shaped sealing ring is installed between the 3D printed gasket and the 3D printed pressure pad; the size of the simulated fracture is 30x5mm; and the visual area of the visual window is 300x30mm.

[0009] In another aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an operating method of the in-fracture temporary plugging visual testing device, which drives the two-phase mixture of fracturing fluid and temporary plugging agent in the upper cavity of the piston container into the main model by pressurizing the gas. The plugging process and plugging effect of the mixture in the simulated fracture can be directly observed through the sapphire glass visual window. The piston container and the main model are provided with heating jackets, the heating jackets are connected with temperature control instruments, the heating temperature can be monitored in real time, the heating temperature range of the heating jacket is room temperature to 180 DEG C, and the high temperature complex environment in the well is simulated. The pressure sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the main model, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the main model is measured, the high pressure environment in the well is simulated, and the pressure resistance effect of the in-fracture temporary plugging is evaluated.

[0010] During the flow of the temporary plugging agent (different concentrations of fibers, different concentrations of particles, and different sizes of particles) in the fracture, the plugging in the fracture is started from the adsorption of the temporary plugging agent fibers or small particles on the fracture wall surface, the adsorbed fibers or small particles continuously gather to form a dispersed plugging zone, the plugging zone expands to a certain scale and then starts to capture the flowing particles to fill into the gap between the fibers, the plugging zone becomes dense, thereby changing the distribution of the net pressure in the fracture, reducing the stress intensity factor at the fracture tip, accelerating the plugging process, and finally forming overall plugging, so that new fractures are formed, multiple turns are occurred, and more micro-fractures are activated and communicated.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application are as follows:

[0012] The present application provides an in-fracture temporary plugging visual testing device and an operating method thereof, and the beneficial effects are embodied in the following aspects:

[0013] 1. The in-fracture temporary plugging visual testing device and the operating method thereof can evaluate the different ratios of fracturing fluid and temporary plugging agent, the particle size of the temporary plugging agent, the temporary plugging and diverting fracturing effect, and the effective degradation rate of the temporary plugging agent. The mixture of fracturing fluid and different types and different particle sizes of temporary plugging agent is prepared in the upper cavity of the left piston container, the types of the temporary plugging agent can include different concentrations of fibers and different concentrations of particles, the mixture is pushed into the simulated fracture in the main model by the gas compression piston in the lower cavity, and the plugging formation process of different temporary plugging agents in the fracture is observed through the visual window, and the data such as the pressure and flow rate in the fracture during the plugging process are recorded. Meanwhile, the pressure difference and temperature at the inlet and outlet of the main model can be set in advance, the plugging effect, the diverting fracturing effect, and the effective degradation rate of the fibers and particles of the temporary plugging agent under different pressure and temperature conditions are accurately simulated, and thus the in-fracture plugging and diverting fracturing are systematically and accurately tested and evaluated.

[0014] 2. The test device provided by the present application is provided with a heating jacket on the left piston container and the main body model respectively, and a pressure sensor detection device is installed on the inlet and outlet of the main body model to simulate the high temperature and high pressure environment in the well, so that the test and evaluation result is more reliable. The heating temperature can be displayed through the temperature control instrument to realize the temperature setting of room temperature to 180 DEG C.

[0015] 3. The main body model designed in the present application is mainly realized through a visual model structure, which mainly comprises an upper flange, a wallca pressure pad, an O-shaped sealing ring, a cavity, a lower flange, a fastening bolt, a nut, a gasket, a simulated fracture, a 3D printing assembly, a sapphire glass, a left fluid inlet and outlet, a visual window, a right fluid inlet and outlet and the like. The 3D printing assembly comprises a 3D printing pad plate and a 3D printing pressure pad; the upper flange, the cavity and the lower flange are connected through the fastening bolt, and the fastening bolt is pre-tightened through the gasket and the nut; the wallca pressure pad is installed between the upper flange and the lower flange and the sapphire glass; the O-shaped sealing ring is installed between the 3D printing pad plate and the 3D printing pressure pad; the size of the simulated fracture is 30*5mm; and the visual area of the visual window is 300*30mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the operation method of the in-slit temporary plugging visual test device of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the main body model of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is the front view of the main body model of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the in-situ temporary plugging visualization test device and implementation method mainly consists of a gas pressurization system, a flow manifold system, a visual detection system 11, a data metering, collecting and processing system, etc. The overall process of the device is as follows: the gas cylinder 3 is connected with the gas booster pump 6, and a gas cylinder outlet valve is installed between the gas cylinder 3 and the gas booster pump, which is used to adjust the outlet gas volume. The gas cylinder and the gas booster pump are sequentially connected with a gas cylinder outlet valve, a pressure gauge 2 and a gas booster pump inlet valve. The air compressor 1 is connected with the gas booster pump, and a gas pressure reducing valve 4, a pressure gauge 2 and a valve are sequentially installed between the air compressor 1 and the gas booster pump. A valve is installed at the outlet of the gas booster pump. A pressure gauge 2 and a valve are sequentially installed at the outlet of the gas storage tank. The gas booster pump and the gas storage tank 5 are sequentially connected with the gas pressure reducing valve 4, the pressure gauge 2 and the left piston container 13. Valves are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the left piston container 13. A heating device 7 is installed outside the left piston container 13, and the heating device 7 is connected with a temperature control instrument 8. The outlet valve of the left piston container is connected with the inlet of the main body model 10. Isolators 14 and pressure sensors 9 are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet of the main body model 10. The isolators 14 are mainly used to separate the liquid and solid particles in the mixed liquid. A heating device is also installed outside the main body model, and the heating device is connected with a temperature control instrument. The outlet of the main body model is connected with the inlet valve of the right piston container 12. The inlet valve is connected with the upper cavity of the right piston container. The lower cavity of the right piston container is connected with an external gas storage device.

[0022] As shown in the above, Figure 2 The main body model mainly consists of an upper flange 16, a wallca pressure pad 17, an O-shaped sealing ring 18, a cavity 19, a lower flange 20, a fastening bolt 21, a nut 22, a gasket 23, a 3D printed pressure pad 24, a simulated fracture 25, a 3D printed pad 26, a sapphire glass 27, a left fluid inlet and outlet 28, a visual window 29, a right fluid inlet and outlet 30, etc. The upper flange 16, the cavity 19 and the lower flange 20 are connected by the fastening bolt 21, and the fastening bolt 21 is pre-tightened by the gasket 23 and the nut 22. The wallca pressure pad 17 is installed between the upper flange 16 and the lower flange 20 and the sapphire glass 27. The O-shaped sealing ring 18 is installed between the 3D printed pad 26 and the 3D printed pressure pad 24. The size of the simulated fracture 25 is 30x5mm. The size of the visual window 29 formed by the sapphire glass 27 is 300x30mm, and the pressure resistance of the sapphire glass 27 is 20MPa. The mixture enters the simulated fracture 25 in the main body model through the left fluid inlet and outlet 28, and the plugging process and effect of the mixture in the simulated fracture can be directly observed through the sapphire glass 27.

[0023] The working temperature of the above heating device is room temperature-180℃,

[0024] It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the application, rather than limiting the application, is intended to explain and describe the current implementation of the application. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application. In addition, the appended claims of the application are intended to cover all changes and modifications falling within the scope and boundary of the appended claims, or the equivalent form of such scope and boundary.

Claims

1. A visual testing device for temporary plugging within a suture, characterized in that, This includes a gas pressurization system, a process manifold system, a visual inspection system, and a data metering, acquisition, and processing system. The gas pressurization system includes a gas cylinder, air compressor, booster pump, and gas storage tank, used to store high-pressure gas. Upon release, it instantly squeezes the mixture above the piston container, driving the fluid into the detection system. The process manifold system includes a piston container, valves, pressure sensors, and pipelines, used to control the flow of the mixture. The vision inspection system includes a main model, heating jacket, and temperature control instruments, used to observe the flow of the mixture in the crack and the sealing effect of the temporary plugging agent particles on the crack. The piston container and supporting equipment of the data metering acquisition and processing system are used to collect the mixed liquid flowing out of the vision inspection system, and to dry, sieve, weigh, and analyze the influence of the particle size and composition of the temporary plugging agent on the temporary plugging effect. Gas cylinders and air compressors are connected to a gas booster pump via high-pressure metal pipelines. The generated high-pressure gas is stored in a gas storage tank, which is also connected to the gas booster pump via a high-pressure metal pipeline. A gas pressure reducing valve regulates the gas pressure in the storage tank and is connected to it via a metal pipeline. All pressure gauges and pressure valves are threaded onto the high-pressure metal pipelines. The gas storage tank and piston container are connected via a high-pressure metal pipeline, with the inlet located below the piston container. A heating jacket covers the outer surface of the piston container, heating the medium inside. A temperature controller is threaded onto the piston container and connects to its interior, detecting the internal temperature of the medium. The upper part of the piston container is connected to the main model of the vision inspection system via a high-pressure metal pipeline, and a pressure sensor is threaded onto this pipeline. A heating jacket covers the outer surface of the main model, heating the medium inside. A temperature controller is threaded onto the main model and connects to its interior, detecting the internal temperature of the medium. The other end of the main model is connected to the piston container via a high-pressure metal pipeline, and a pressure sensor is threaded onto this pipeline. The visual inspection system consists of a main model, which comprises an upper flange, a Walka pressure pad, an O-ring, a cavity, a lower flange, fastening bolts, nuts, gaskets, simulated cracks, 3D printed components, sapphire glass, a left fluid inlet / outlet, a viewing window, and a right fluid inlet / outlet. The 3D printing component includes a 3D printing pad and a 3D printing pressure pad; The upper flange, cavity, and lower flange are connected sequentially from left to right by fastening bolts, which are pre-tightened by washers and nuts. A Valca pressure pad is installed between the inner side of the upper flange, the inner side of the lower flange, and the two sapphire glass pieces, respectively; the 3D printed component is disposed between the cavity and the two sapphire glass pieces, and a simulated crack is defined between the 3D printed component and the two sapphire glass pieces.

2. The intra-gap temporary plugging visualization testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas pressurization system mainly consists of gas cylinders, air compressors, gas booster pumps, gas storage tanks, a left-side piston container, various valves, and a two-phase mixture of fracturing fluid and temporary plugging agent.

3. The intra-gap temporary plugging visualization testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The O-ring is installed between the 3D printed pad and the 3D printed pressure pad.

4. The intra-gap temporary plugging visualization testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated crack size is 30×5mm; the visible area of ​​the viewing window is 300×30mm.

5. A method of operating the intra-suture temporary plugging visualization testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: By controlling the gas pressure at the lower inlet of the piston container, the flow rate and inflow volume of the fracturing fluid and temporary plugging agent mixture are controlled to simulate different temporary plugging processes; Step 2: Visually observe the sealing process and effect of the mixture within the simulated crack through the sapphire glass viewing window; Step 3: Install heating jackets on the piston container and the main model. Connect the heating jackets to the temperature control instrument to monitor the heating temperature in real time and simulate the high-temperature and complex environment downhole. Step 4: Pressure sensors at the inlet and outlet of the main model measure the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the main model to simulate the downhole high-pressure environment and evaluate the pressure resistance effect of the temporary plugging in the fracture. Step 5: Collect the mixture flowing out of the main model outlet, and dry, sieve, and weigh it to analyze the influence of the temporary plugging agent particle size and composition on the temporary plugging effect.

6. The operation method of the intra-suture temporary plugging visualization testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step 2, as the temporary plugging agent flows within the crack, the sealing process begins with the adsorption of the plugging agent fibers or fine particles on the crack wall. The adsorbed fibers or fine particles continuously aggregate to form a dispersed sealing band. Once the sealing band expands to a certain size, it begins to capture the flowing particles and fill the gaps between the fibers, making the sealing band denser. This alters the distribution of net pressure within the crack, reduces the stress intensity factor at the crack tip, and accelerates the sealing process, ultimately resulting in complete sealing. This allows for the formation of new cracks, multiple detours, and the activation and communication of more microcracks.

Images