A vibration control method for target object lifting construction

Abstract

This invention discloses a vibration control method for lifting a target object during construction. The method includes: measuring the height of the target object at any given time and determining the mass of a damping box; determining the optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio of a damping device (TMD) and a load-bearing structure based on the mass of the damping box; the TMD including a damping box and a lifting device for lifting the damping box; and the load-bearing structure including the target object being lifted and a distance measuring device for measuring the height of the target object. Under the constraints of the optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio, determining the suspension length of the damping box based on the height of the target object; and lifting the damping box according to the suspension length, such that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box matches the height of the target object, thereby eliminating or reducing the vibration impact. This invention can eliminate or reduce the vibration caused by wind loads on the target object during the lifting process, improving construction safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction vibration control devices, specifically a vibration control device for lifting a target object during construction. Background Technology

[0002] In many construction projects, especially building construction, integral lifting technology is often used to lift and install the target object, thereby enabling the construction and installation of complex steel structures such as large-scale spatial roofs, super high-rise steel corridors, and long-span bridges. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the lifting of target objects in three different practical construction application scenarios. The target objects are typically space frames or truss structural members.

[0003] By lifting the target object for construction, it is possible to pre-assemble the object on the ground or at a low altitude (within a small preset distance from the ground or work platform), thus avoiding assembly at high altitudes (such as on upper floors), reducing the risks of working at heights, and improving construction safety and assembly accuracy. The target object can be its basic frame rather than all components, or it can be pre-assembled with all components. After assembly, the target object is lifted to the target height using a lifting device, thereby delivering it to the designated location for installation.

[0004] Currently, the common practice for lifting targets using a hoist is to connect the hoist to the target via ropes (such as steel strands), and then continuously raise the target by winding up the ropes. This lifting device and method, because the entire structure (comprising the hoist, ropes, and target) resembles a pendulum, is susceptible to wind loads, causing structural vibrations and posing construction safety hazards. Especially in cases of sudden changes in wind speed or unexpectedly strong winds, the structure may sway violently, threatening construction safety. Currently, lifting operations using this structure are generally required to be carried out in winds below level 6. However, even in such low-wind conditions, prolonged lifting operations may still encounter sudden strong winds, increasing the uncertainty of the operation and creating further safety risks.

[0005] To eliminate or reduce structural vibration, existing technologies generally employ tuned mass dampers (TMDs). TMDs are vibration control devices commonly used to mitigate structural vibration. Their working principle primarily relies on the interaction of a mass block, spring, and damping system to absorb and counteract the structure's vibrational energy, thereby eliminating or reducing vibration. However, during the lifting process, as the target object gradually rises, the length of the lifting ropes changes, causing a shift in the structure's natural frequency. Furthermore, wind speeds generally increase with altitude (high-altitude wind speeds are typically higher than ground-level wind speeds). Therefore, as the target object rises higher, the probability of encountering wind loads increases, leading to a gradual increase in the structure's natural frequency. This change in natural frequency reduces the effectiveness of traditional TMDs in eliminating or reducing structural vibration, and consequently, the effectiveness of tuned mass dampers is also lower. Therefore, relying solely on the frequency tuning of traditional TMDs often yields limited results.

[0006] In summary, there is a need for a device and / or method for vibration control during the lifting of a target object, which can adaptively adjust the vibration control according to changes in the height of the target object, thereby eliminating or reducing vibrations caused by external interference during the lifting process and improving construction safety. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a vibration control method for target object lifting construction, which can solve the problems described in the background art.

[0008] The technical solution to achieve the objective of this invention is as follows: a vibration control method for lifting a target object, applied to a vibration control device. The vibration control device includes a lifter, a distance measuring device, a suspension cable, a lifting mechanism, and a damping box. The lifter is connected to the target object via the suspension cable and is used to lift the target object. The distance measuring device is used to measure the distance between the target object and the lifter.

[0009] The lifting device is installed on the target object and is connected to the damping housing. The lifting device and the damping housing together form a TMD (Total Damping Device). The lifting device is used to raise and lower the damping housing to control the distance between the damping housing and the target object.

[0010] The vibration control method includes a first step:

[0011] First step: Measure the height of the target object at any given time and determine the mass of the damping box.

[0012] The optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio of the TMD and the load-bearing structure are determined based on the mass of the damping box. The TMD includes the damping box and a lifting device for lifting the damping box. The load-bearing structure includes the target object to be lifted and a ranging device for measuring the height of the target object.

[0013] Under the constraints of optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio, the suspension length of the damping box is determined based on the height of the target object.

[0014] According to the aforementioned suspension length, the damping box is raised so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box matches the height of the target object, thereby eliminating or reducing the impact of vibration.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific implementation process of the first step includes the following schemes:

[0016] Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object and the lifting device supported on the target object, determine the mass m of the damping box, and determine the target height L that the target object needs to be lifted.

[0017] Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box, calculate the optimal frequency ratio using formulas ① and ② respectively. The optimal damping ratio of TMD Optimal frequency ratio This is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the supporting structure. The TMD includes the lifting device and the damping housing, while the supporting structure refers to the structure used to support the TMD.

[0018] Formulas ① and ② are as follows:

[0019] ------①

[0020] ------②

[0021] In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity. Indicates coefficient;

[0022] Step 3: Adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient. So that the target damping coefficient is achieved. Under these conditions, the TMD damping ratio reaches its optimal damping ratio. ;

[0023] Step 4: Measure the height of the target object at the current time t. ;

[0024] Step 5: Based on the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD based on height. Determine the suspension length of the hoisting cable ,

[0025] Wherein, the optimal frequency at the current time t The suspension length at the current time t is calculated using formula ③. Calculated using formula ④:

[0026] ------③

[0027] ------④

[0028] In the formula, the distance between the target object and the ranging device at the current time t is: .

[0029] Furthermore, following step 5, it also includes:

[0030] Step 6: Lift the target object to the target height L. After the target object reaches the target height L, proceed with the subsequent construction.

[0031] Furthermore, in step 6, the subsequent construction includes removing the patch components from the damping box for assembly, and installing the target object onto the main building structure.

[0032] The target object has an open cavity, and the fitting component is installed in the open cavity.

[0033] Furthermore, in step 1, the mass m of the damping box is determined based on the total mass M.

[0034] Furthermore, , .

[0035] Furthermore, the optimal frequency ratio The ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the load-bearing structure is given. The TMD includes a lifting device and a damping housing, while the load-bearing structure includes a ranging device, a lifting device, a suspension cable, and a target object.

[0036] Furthermore, in step 3, based on the mass m of the damping box and the optimal damping ratio... The dimensions of the damping chamber, the density of the blocks, and the mass of the liquid to be injected into the annular cavity are determined. The damping of the damping chamber is then adjusted to the target damping coefficient by controlling the block density, the volume of liquid injected, and the mass of the fitting components. ,

[0037] The target object is also provided with an annular cavity, and the block is located inside the annular cavity.

[0038] Furthermore, the specific implementation of step 4 includes the following steps:

[0039] The distance d between the target and the ranging device is measured. The distance between the target and the ranging device at the current time t is... Then the height of the target object at the current time t .

[0040] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By implementing the vibration control method described above, this invention can eliminate or reduce the vibration caused by wind loads on the target object during the lifting process, reducing the risk of instability or damage to various structures, including the target object, and improving construction safety. Furthermore, compared to traditional construction methods, it reduces the stringent requirements for external environmental conditions (such as wind speed), enabling construction in a wider range of environments and reducing work stoppages or delays caused by severe weather, including strong winds, thereby shortening the overall construction cycle and improving construction efficiency. This vibration control method is also applicable to the overall lifting construction of various large-span steel structures, super high-rise buildings, and bridges, and can be widely applied to different types of complex steel structure construction projects, possessing broad application value. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram illustrating the lifting of a target object that includes three different real-world construction application scenarios;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration control device.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the damping box in a vibration control device.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the block distribution of the damping box;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting device in a vibration control system.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of some components of the lifting device;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of another component of the lifting device;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the vibration control method.

[0049] In the diagram, 1-lifter, 2-suspension cable, 3-target object, 4-lifting device, 401-driver, 402-controller, 403-first gear, 404-spindle reel, 405-second gear, 406-bearing base, 407-lifting cable, 408-self-locking assembly, 4081-self-locking gear, 4082-self-locking pin, 4083-pin bearing, 4084-stop column, 4085-self-locking spring, 409-base plate, 5-damping box, 501-inner box, 502-block, 503-injection port, 6-distance measuring device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0051] like Figures 2-7 As shown, this embodiment provides a vibration control device for lifting a target object 3, including a lifting device 1, a distance measuring device 6, a suspension cable 2, a lifting device 4, and a damping box 5. The lifting device 1 is connected to the target object 3 through the suspension cable 2. The lifting device 1 is used to lift the target object 3. The distance measuring device 6 is installed on or beside the lifting device 1. The distance measuring device 6 is used to measure the distance between the target object 3 and the lifting device 1. This distance is recorded as the first distance.

[0052] For example, the output end of the lifter 1 is connected to one end of the suspension cable 2, and the other end of the suspension cable 2 is connected to the target object 3. The output end of the lifter 1 controls the raising and lowering of the target object 3 by winding or suspending the cable 2, thereby achieving the effect of raising or lowering the target object 3.

[0053] The lifting device 1 controls the raising and lowering of the target object 3, which is existing technology. Its main principle is to repeatedly pull up the suspension cable 2 to raise the target object 3, similar to two people holding a cable to lift an object. The two people repeatedly tighten and loosen the suspension cable 2 to raise or lower the target object 3. Therefore, the specific implementation process of the lifting device to raise the target object 3 will not be described here.

[0054] The first distance is the distance between the lifting device 1 and the end face of the target object 3 closest to the lifting device 1, which is also the upper surface of the target object 3. Since the ranging device 6 is installed on or beside the lifting device 1, the lifting device 1 and the ranging device 6 are considered to be in the same position. Therefore, the distance between the lifting device 1 and the target object 3 is also the distance between the ranging device 6 and the target object 3.

[0055] During the lifting of target object 3, the height of lifting device 1 remains constant. When target object 3 is in its initial position, such as when it is placed on the ground or at a predetermined distance from the ground, the first distance is at its maximum, meaning the distance between lifting device 1 and target object 3 is at its greatest. As target object 3 is continuously lifted and its height increases, the first distance gradually decreases. This is because lifting device 1 repeatedly pulls up the suspension cable 2, thereby continuously reducing the distance between target object 3 and lifting device 1. Conversely, by lowering the suspension cable 2, target object 3 can be continuously lowered, and its height continuously decreases.

[0056] For example, the ranging device 6 is a laser sensor. The distance between the target object 3 and the lifter 1 can be measured using the laser ranging principle.

[0057] For example, the system includes multiple lifting devices 1, each with a corresponding ranging device 6 installed on or beside it. Each lifting device 1 is connected to the target object 3 via a corresponding suspension cable 2. The lifting devices 1 are spaced apart and at the same height, i.e., they are all on the same horizontal plane at a certain height, thus keeping the target object 3 suspended by the suspension cable 2 in a horizontal state and preventing the target object 3 from tilting. Of course, if tilting of the target object 3 is allowed in actual application, the lifting devices 1 can be at different heights.

[0058] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The illustration shows four lifting devices 1, which correspond to four suspension cables 2. Each lifting device 1 corresponds to one suspension cable 2. The four lifting devices 1 are at the same height, and each lifting device 1 is equipped with a distance measuring device 6.

[0059] For example, when the target object 3 is a rectangular structure, the four suspension cables 2 corresponding to the four lifters 1 are respectively connected to the four corners of the target object 3.

[0060] For example, the lifting device 1 is a hydraulic lifting device 1. Of course, in actual use, other types of lifting devices 1 can also be used, as long as they have a lifting function that can lift the target object 3.

[0061] The lifting device 4 is installed on the target object 3. The lifting device 4 is connected to the damping box 5. The lifting device 4 is used to raise and lower the damping box 5 to adjust the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3.

[0062] For example, the lifting device 4 adjusts the movement of the damping box 5 between a first position and a second position to achieve the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3.

[0063] First position: The damping box 5 is located on the outer side of the target object 3, away from the side where the lifter 1 is located.

[0064] Second position: The damping box 5 is attached to the end face of the target object 3 away from the side where the lifter 1 is located, or extends into the cavity of the target object 3.

[0065] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The damping box 5 is located on the outer side of the target object 3, away from the side where the lifter 1 is located.

[0066] For example, there are multiple lifting devices 4, each of which is installed on the target object 3 at intervals. Each lifting device 4 is connected to different positions of the damping box 5, and each lifting device 4 together realizes the lifting and lowering of the damping box 5, thereby adjusting the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3. Figure 2 The diagram shows four lifting devices 4 arranged in a rectangle. The four lifting devices 4 are connected to the four corners of the damping box 5, which is also a rectangular structure.

[0067] For example, the target object 3 is provided with an open cavity, which has an opening. The size of the opening and the open cavity is larger than that of the damping box 5, so that the damping box 5 can pass through the opening and enter the open cavity. When the target object 3 is a space frame or a truss, some components of the space frame or truss (such as several connecting beams and columns) can be left uninstalled, thereby forming a large open cavity inside the space frame or truss. The volume of the open cavity is sufficient to simultaneously accommodate the damping box 5 and the components that have not yet been installed.

[0068] For example, the damping housing 5 includes an inner housing 501 and an outer housing (not shown in the figure). Each of the inner and outer housings includes an open cavity. The inner housing 501 is located within the cavity of the outer housing, forming an annular cavity between them. Multiple blocks 502 are distributed within the annular cavity, extending along the direction of the annular cavity. The lifting device 4 and the damping housing 5 constitute a TMD. The damping housing 5 includes the inner housing 501, the outer housing, and the liquid and blocks 502 within the annular cavity.

[0069] For example, both the inner box 501 and the outer box are rectangular and include an open cavity. The inner box 501 is embedded in the cavity of the outer box through the opening of the outer box. The damping box 5, formed by assembling the inner box 501 and the outer box together, includes an open cavity that can be used to place an object, such as a fitting component. The fitting component can be a component that was originally in the space left by the target object 3 to accommodate the damping box 5, or it can be other components of the target object 3, or other related components required for construction. When the inner box 501 is located in the cavity of the outer box, the upper ends of the inner box 501 and the outer box are flush, and the lower end of the inner box 501 is attached to the inner bottom wall surface of the outer box, or the lower end of the inner box 501 is spaced apart from the inner bottom wall surface of the outer box. The inner casing 501 has four circumferential sides spaced apart from the outer casing, and / or, the bottom of the inner casing 501 is spaced apart from the outer casing, thus forming a spaced space that constitutes the annular cavity. That is, the inner casing 501 may only have its bottom spaced apart from the outer casing, or only its four sides may have spaced apart from the outer casing, or both its bottom and four sides may have spaced apart from the outer casing. The block 502 may be directly fixed or detachably mounted on the outer wall surface of the inner casing 501, or mounted on the inner wall surface of the outer casing. At least a portion of the blocks 502 have gaps between them, allowing liquid (such as pure water) injected into the annular cavity to flow through the gaps and reach all or a designated portion of the annular cavity.

[0070] For example, the damping housing 5 is also equipped with a plurality of injection ports 503 and a plurality of discharge ports (not shown in the figure). Both the injection ports 503 and the discharge ports are connected to the annular cavity. Liquid can be injected into the annular cavity through the injection ports 503 and the liquid in the annular cavity can be discharged through the discharge ports.

[0071] For example, the individual blocks 502 are distributed regularly or irregularly within the annular cavity. For instance, the individual blocks 502 are distributed in an array within the annular cavity, or they are distributed at non-equidistant intervals within the annular cavity. The distribution density of the blocks 502 in different regions of the annular cavity can be the same or different, so as to form a sparsely distributed or sparsely distributed block 502 distribution. The best effect is achieved by the individual blocks 502 being evenly distributed in an alternating manner, such as in a matrix array distribution.

[0072] For example, the structure of block 502 can be a regular geometric structure or an irregular geometric structure. For instance, block 502 can be a rectangular structure or an irregular curved structure.

[0073] The sparsity and shape of the blocks 502 affect the damping value of the damping box 5. The denser the distribution of the blocks 502, that is, the greater the arrangement density of the blocks 502, the greater the damping of the damping box 5. In addition, the liquid injected into the annular cavity also affects the damping value of the damping box 5. The higher the viscosity of the liquid in the annular cavity, the greater the damping of the damping box 5.

[0074] For example, the size of block 502 needs to be appropriate. Here, the size of block 502 refers to the dimensions of a single block 502. According to actual experiments, the size of block 502 is related to the dimensions of damping housing 5. The maximum dimension of block 502 is no greater than 1 / 4 of the minimum of the length and width of damping housing 5. The minimum dimension of block 502 is no less than 1 / 20 of the maximum of the length and width of damping housing 5.

[0075] For example, the amount of liquid injected into the annular cavity is less than or equal to half the height of the damping chamber 5, that is, the liquid level in the annular cavity is ≤ half the height of the damping chamber 5. The mass of the liquid should also not be too large, and the mass of the liquid is ≤ one-third of the total mass of the inner chamber 501 and the outer chamber. By controlling the height and mass of the liquid, oscillation of the liquid in the annular cavity is avoided, which would affect the natural frequency of the TMD.

[0076] For example, the spacing length between blocks 502, the total number of blocks 502, the shape of blocks 502, and the liquid injection volume can be determined through experimentation or CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. The CFD simulation provided in this example includes the following steps:

[0077] S1. Establish a geometric model of the double-layered box 5 consisting of the inner box 501 and the outer box 5. The annular cavity of the damping box 5 is the computational domain, and the annular cavity is meshed.

[0078] S2. The VOF multiphase flow model is selected to obtain the shape of the free liquid surface, and the Realizable k−ε turbulence model is used to calculate the effect of liquid viscosity.

[0079] S3, Mark the initial liquid level position.

[0080] S4. Apply a horizontal acceleration disturbance of 0.2g and record the free oscillation time history curve of the liquid surface at its side wall.

[0081] S5. Calculate the average damping ratio based on the improved Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) method.

[0082] S6. Return to step S3 and calculate the average damping corresponding to different liquid level heights. Fit the formula for subsequent engineering applications.

[0083] S7. Return to step S1, calculate the simulation analysis results for different block 502 arrangement densities and shapes, establish a database, and then facilitate subsequent engineering to determine the spacing length between blocks 502, the total number of blocks 502, the shape of blocks 502, and the liquid injection volume.

[0084] The lifting device 4 includes a driver 401, a controller 402, a first gear 403, a second gear 405, a stranded wire reel 404, a lifting cable 407, a bearing base 406, a self-locking assembly 408, and a base plate 409. The driver 401 is electrically connected to the controller 402 and is mounted on the controller 402. The output end of the driver 401 is connected to the first gear 403, and the driver 401 can drive the first gear 403 to rotate through its output end. The first gear 403 and the second gear 405 are meshed together, with the first gear 403 located on one side of the second gear 405. The second gear 405 is sleeved on the stranded wire reel 404, which has a cylindrical structure. Both ends of the stranded wire reel 404 are rotatably mounted on two base plates 409, which are spaced apart and parallel to each other. One end of the lifting cable 407 is wound around the stranded reel 404, and the other end is used to connect to the damping box 5. Thus, the damping box 5 can be lifted by the lifting cable 407, so that the damping box 5 continuously approaches the target object 3.

[0085] The bearing base 406 is mounted on the base plate 409. The stranded wire reel 404 passes through the base plate 409 and is movably connected to the bearing base 406. The bearing base 406 allows the stranded wire reel 404 to rotate relative to the base plate 409, meaning the stranded wire reel 404 can rotate on the base plate 409. The bearing base 406 is located on the outer side of the base plate 409, or it is embedded in the base plate 409. The second gear 405 is located on the inner side of the base plate 409.

[0086] The self-locking assembly 408 is mounted on the base plate 409 and connected to the stranded coil 404. The self-locking assembly 408 is mounted on one of the base plates 409 and located on the other side of the stranded coil 404 opposite the second gear 405. The self-locking assembly 408 is used to lock the stranded coil 404 in reverse rotation, thereby restricting the reverse rotation of the stranded coil 404 and allowing only forward rotation. When the stranded coil 404 rotates forward, the lifting cable 407 wound around the stranded coil 404 is in the winding process. When the stranded coil 404 rotates in reverse, the lifting cable 407 wound around the stranded coil 404 is in the release process.

[0087] When the lifting device 4 is in operation, the controller 402 controls the driver 401 to enter the working state. The output end of the driver 401 drives the first gear 403 to rotate, and the first gear 403 drives the second gear 405, which meshes with it, to rotate. The second gear 405 drives the stranded coil 404 to rotate forward, and the stranded coil 404 rotates on its own axis on the base plate 409. During the forward rotation of the stranded coil 404, the stranded coil 404 continuously winds up the lifting cable 407, thereby continuously pulling up the damping box 5 connected to the lifting cable 407, so that the damping box 5 continuously approaches the target object 3.

[0088] The controller 402 is connected to the ranging device 6 to receive a distance signal representing a first distance emitted by the ranging device 6. Based on the distance signal, the controller 402 controls the rotation speed and number of rotations of the driver 401, thereby controlling the lifting height of the damping box 5 by controlling the number of rotations of the driver 401. Thus, through the controller 402, the distance between the damping box 5 and the target object 3 is adjusted and changed as the target object 3 reaches different heights, so that the current height of the target object 3 is adapted to the current distance between the damping box 5 and the target.

[0089] For example, the driver 401 is a servo motor.

[0090] For example, the lifting cable 407 is a steel strand.

[0091] For example, the first gear 403 and the second gear are circular arc gears.

[0092] For example, a limiting protection plate (not shown in the figure) is also included. The limiting protection plate is sleeved on the stranded coil 404, and is attached to the second gear 405, located on the outside of the second gear 405, that is, on the side of the second gear 405 away from the base plate 409. The limiting protection plate serves to limit and protect the second gear 405 from moving on the stranded coil 404 and from touching the second gear 405, thus providing protection.

[0093] The self-locking assembly 408 includes a self-locking gear 4081, a self-locking pin 4082, a pin bearing 4083, a stop post 4084, and a self-locking spring 4085. The self-locking gear 4081 is fixedly sleeved on the stranded wire reel 404 and can rotate with the stranded wire reel 404. The self-locking gear 4081 is located inside the base plate 409 and is spaced parallel to the base plate 409.

[0094] A pin bearing 4083 is fixedly mounted on a base plate 409. One end of a self-locking pin 4082 is movably mounted on the pin bearing 4083, allowing the self-locking pin 4082 to rotate relative to itself. The other end of the self-locking pin 4082 extends between two adjacent teeth of the self-locking gear 4081, with its side abutting against one of the adjacent teeth. A stop post 4084 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 409 and spaced apart from the pin bearing 4083, positioned between the self-locking gear 4081 and the pin bearing 4083. One end of the self-locking spring 4085 is fixedly connected to the stop post 4084, and the other end is fixedly connected to the self-locking pin 4082.

[0095] One side of the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 is a bevel. The self-locking pin 4082 is close to one end of the self-locking gear 4081. The inclination angle of the bevel matches the side of the self-locking pin 4082 close to the end of the self-locking gear 4081, so that the self-locking pin 4082 only allows the self-locking gear 4081 to rotate in the forward direction, while preventing the self-locking gear 4081 from rotating in the reverse direction.

[0096] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The self-locking gear 4081 rotates clockwise. When the self-locking gear 4081 rotates clockwise (i.e., forward rotation), the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 can push open the self-locking pin 4082, meaning that the self-locking gear 4081 is only allowed to swing downwards (clockwise) and rebound, while the self-locking pin 4082 rotates relative to the pin bearing 4083. As the self-locking gear 4081 rotates, after the self-locking pin 4082 is pushed away from the two adjacent teeth of the current group, under the action of the self-locking spring 4085, the self-locking pin 4082, after being pushed away from the two adjacent teeth of the current group, falls into the two adjacent teeth of the next group. This action is repeated until the self-locking gear 4081 stops rotating, and the self-locking pin 4082, under the action of the self-locking spring 4085, falls into the two adjacent teeth of the corresponding position, thus allowing the stranded coil 404 to rotate forward. Figure 7 One end of the self-locking pin 4082 falls precisely between two adjacent teeth, and the side of the self-locking pin 4082 is in contact with the bevel of the teeth.

[0097] When the stranding disc 404 drives the self-locking gear 4081 to reverse, the teeth of the self-locking gear 4081 cannot disengage from the self-locking pin 4082 due to the obstruction of the self-locking pin 4082. The self-locking pin 4082 is always embedded between two adjacent teeth, thereby preventing the self-locking gear 4081 from reversing and causing the stranding disc 404 to reverse.

[0098] The self-locking component 408 allows the stranded reel 404 to rotate only in the forward direction and prevents it from rotating in the reverse direction. This ensures that the stranded reel 404 can only wind up the lifting cable 407 and cannot release it. In this way, during the process of lifting the target object 3, if the driver 401 fails to drive the first gear 403 to rotate due to power failure, malfunction, or other reasons, the self-locking component 408 can prevent the stranded reel 404 from rotating in the reverse direction, thereby preventing the release of the lifting cable 407 and thus preventing the damping box 5 from falling and avoiding the uncontrolled fall of the damping box 5.

[0099] When the target object 3 is subjected to external influence and undergoes horizontal vibration, the TMD connected to the target object 3 will generate relative vibration relative to the target object 3. The inertial force generated by the relative vibration of the TMD will react on the target object 3, thereby suppressing the vibration of the target object 3, thereby eliminating or weakening the vibration of the target object 3 and realizing vibration control.

[0100] The lifting device 4, together with the lifting cable 407 and the damping box 5, forms a pendulum-type TMD, similar to a pendulum system. The natural frequency of a pendulum system is related to the length of the pendulum. Therefore, the natural frequency of the TMD is related to the suspension length of the lifting cable 407. Thus, by controlling the suspension length of the lifting cable 407, the natural frequency of the TMD can be controlled, thereby controlling the relative vibration of the TMD and consequently controlling the vibration of the target object 3. More specifically, during the lifting process, the lifting device 1 lifts the target object 3 from a low altitude (e.g., the ground) to a high altitude (e.g., reaching the target position). The natural frequency of the overall structure consisting of the target object 3, the ranging device 6, the suspension cable 2, and the TMD changes with the height of the target object 3. Therefore, to maintain the optimal frequency ratio between the TMD and the overall structure, the natural frequency of the TMD also needs to be changed according to the height to achieve vibration control.

[0101] The lifting device 4 can be used as a self-locking lifting device for lifting the target object 3 during construction. In this embodiment, the target object 3 is a damping box 5, but in actual use, the target object 3 can be other components. This lifting device not only lifts the target object 3 but also prevents it from falling. It ensures that the target object 3 remains at its current height even in the event of a power outage or malfunction of the power source (i.e., the driver 401), thus preventing it from falling and ensuring safety. Furthermore, the lifting device 4 has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, highly practical, and low in cost, making it suitable for large-scale application.

[0102] The vibration control device provided by this invention can adaptively adjust the height of the damping box 5, thereby adaptively adjusting and controlling the vibration according to the change in the height position of the target object 3, effectively controlling the structure, eliminating or reducing vibration, and achieving the purpose of eliminating or reducing the vibration caused by external interference during the lifting of the target object 3, thereby reducing the safety impact of encountering sudden strong winds and other situations during the lifting of the target object 3, and thus improving construction safety.

[0103] refer to Figure 8 The present invention also provides a vibration control method for lifting target object 3 during construction. This method can be implemented based on the aforementioned vibration control device, or on other devices with vibration control functions. The method includes...

[0104] Measure the height of target object 3 at any given time and determine the mass of damping box 5.

[0105] The optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio of the TMD and the load-bearing structure are determined based on the mass of the damping housing 5. The TMD includes the damping housing 5 and a lifting device 4 for lifting the damping housing 5. The load-bearing structure includes the target object 3 for lifting and a ranging device 6 for measuring the height of the target object 3.

[0106] Under the constraints of optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio, the suspension length of damping box 5 is determined based on the height of target object 3.

[0107] According to the suspension length, the damping box 5 is raised so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box 5 matches the height of the target object 3, so as to eliminate or reduce the impact of vibration.

[0108] More specifically, the implementation process of this method includes the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object 3 and the lifting device 4 supported on the target object 3, which is the total weight of the target object 3 and the lifting device 4. Based on the total mass M, determine the mass m of the damping box 5. Also, determine the target height L that the target object 3 needs to be lifted to. The target height L is the distance between the initial position of the target object 3 when lifting begins and the final position when lifting stops. When the initial position is the ground, the target height L is the height of the target object 3 above the ground when lifting stops.

[0110] The mass m of the damping box 5 includes the mass of the inner box 501, the mass of the outer box, the mass of all the blocks 502 disposed in the annular cavity between the inner box 501 and the outer box, the mass of the liquid in the annular cavity, and also includes the mass of the fitting components placed in the cavity of the damping box 5.

[0111] For example, the larger the mass m of the damping box 5, the better its vibration control effect on the target object 3. However, if the mass of the damping box 5 is too large, it will increase the load on the target object 3, thereby affecting construction safety. The relationship between the mass m of the damping box 5 and the total mass M can be determined according to the actual construction site conditions. The inventors' actual research has found that for most application scenarios, , The coefficient is, that is It is generally taken as 0.005-0.03, that is... .

[0112] Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box 5, calculate the optimal frequency ratio using formulas ① and ② respectively. The optimal damping ratio of TMD Optimal frequency ratio The ratio of the natural frequency of the TMD to the natural frequency of the load-bearing structure is given. The TMD includes the lifting device 4 and the damping housing 5; that is, the lifting device 4 and the damping housing 5 constitute the TMD. The load-bearing structure refers to the remaining structure after removing the TMD, including the ranging device 6, the lifting device 1, the suspension cable 2, and the target object 3. In other words, after removing the TMD, the remaining structure of the vibration control device constitutes the components of the load-bearing structure. Therefore, the load-bearing structure includes the ranging device 6, the lifting device 1, the suspension cable 2, and the target object 3.

[0113] Formulas ① and ② are as follows:

[0114] ------①

[0115] ------②

[0116] In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, and L is the target height. That is, the coefficient mentioned above. Typically, this value is taken as 0.005-0.03, which is used when determining the mass m of the damping box 5, or when determining the coefficient. After that, the frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio That was then confirmed.

[0117] Step 3: Based on the mass m of the damping box 5 and the optimal damping ratio determined according to formula ② In this case, the dimensions of the damping box 5, the arrangement density of the blocks 502, and the mass of liquid to be injected into the annular cavity, i.e., the injection volume of the liquid, are determined based on the conversion formula between the damping ratio and the damping coefficient. The arrangement density of the blocks 502, the injection volume of the liquid, and the mass of the fitting components are then considered.

[0118] Among them, the damping ratio of the damping box The conversion formula for damping coefficient can be expressed as: , Let be the natural frequency of the damping box, and let be the natural frequency of . Therefore, the target damping coefficient of the damping box can be obtained according to this conversion formula. , that is Target damping coefficient That is, considering it as the optimal damping coefficient, the damping coefficient of the damping box 5 is adjusted to the target damping coefficient. So that the target damping coefficient is achieved. Under these conditions, the TMD damping ratio reaches its optimal damping ratio. .

[0119] In practical applications, the inventors discovered that the structure (i.e., target object 3) is most susceptible to wind loads when it is in mid-air (lifted to half its total height). Therefore, when target object 3 is in mid-air, the damping box 5 satisfies the optimal damping ratio. .

[0120] The damping housing 5 includes an inner housing 501 and an outer housing. Subtracting the sum of the masses of the inner housing 501 and the outer housing from the mass m yields the remaining mass. The remaining mass is the sum of the masses of the block 502, the liquid, and the patching component. This allows us to determine the quantity and mass of the block 502, the mass of the liquid, and the mass of the patching component. When it is not necessary to install the patching component inside the cavity of the damping housing 5, the mass of the patching component is 0.

[0121] The damping coefficient is a parameter that reflects the energy dissipation characteristics of an object during vibration. The damping coefficient is generally not directly related to the natural frequency of the structure, but is related to the material and construction of the structure. In this embodiment, it is related to the liquid injection volume, the density of the block 502 arrangement, and the mass of the intercalation component.

[0122] Damping ratio It can be represented as: That is, the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the object structure. Therefore, the damping coefficient C is related to the material and structure of the object itself. Consequently, when the mass of the damping box 5, the viscosity of the liquid in the annular cavity, or the density of the bulk material changes, the damping coefficient C will also change. In this embodiment, since the natural frequency of the TMD changes with the height of the damping box 5, the damping ratio can be optimized by adjusting the damping coefficient to the target damping coefficient, thus achieving the optimal damping ratio at the target damping coefficient. Below, the damping ratio is the optimal damping ratio in formula ②. .

[0123] Step 4: Measure the height of target object 3 at the current time t. .

[0124] For example, the height of target 3 can be determined by measuring the distance d between target 3 and ranging device 6. Assume the distance d between target 3 and ranging device 6 at the current time t is... Then the height of target object 3 at the current time t .

[0125] When there are multiple ranging devices 6, the average distance measured by each ranging device is taken as the distance d, that is, the average value is considered as the distance d.

[0126] Step 5: Based on the suspension height of target object 3 Calculate its natural frequency Combined with the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD Finally, the optimal suspension length of the lifting cable 407 was calculated by back-calculating the natural frequency formula of the simple pendulum structure. Suspension length This refers to the length of the lifting cable 407 between the lifting device 4 and the damping box 5, that is, the distance from the starting position of the stranded reel 404 to the connection point between the lifting cable 407 and the damping box 5. Here, the natural frequency of the target object 3 at the current time t is... The optimal TMD frequency at time t is calculated using formula ③. The suspension length at the current time t is calculated using formula ④. Calculated using formula ⑤:

[0127] ------③

[0128] ------④

[0129] ------⑤

[0130] The optimal frequency at any given time can be calculated using formulas ③ and ④. This means that the optimal frequency of the TMD corresponding to any height of target object 3 can be calculated. To achieve dynamic calculation of the optimal frequency of TMD .

[0131] Formulas ③ and ⑤ are used because the target object 3 and TMD can be approximated as a pendulum structure. The natural frequency (i.e., the natural frequency) of the pendulum structure is related to the length of its pendulum. Therefore, formulas ③ and ⑤ can be used.

[0132] Formula ⑤ allows us to determine the suspension length of the real-time control hoisting cable 407 while maintaining the optimal frequency ratio. During the lifting of the damping box 5, the suspension length It keeps getting smaller. Then, based on the suspension height of the target object 3 (the height distance from the lifting device 3 to the suspension point of the target object 3) measured by the ranging device 6... The lifting cable 407 is wound up by the drive 401 of the lifting device 4 to ensure the suspension length of the lifting cable 407. The relationship as shown in Formula ⑤ is always satisfied.

[0133] Step 6: Lift the target object 3 to the target height L. After the target object 3 reaches the target height L, carry out subsequent construction, including taking out the insert components in the damping box 5 for assembly construction, and installing the target object 3 on the main building.

[0134] The vibration control method described above can eliminate or reduce the vibration caused by wind loads on target object 3 during the lifting process, reducing the risk of instability or damage to various structures, including target object 3, and improving construction safety. Compared to traditional construction methods, it reduces the stringent requirements for external environmental conditions (such as wind speed), allowing construction to proceed in a wider range of conditions and minimizing work stoppages or delays caused by severe weather, including strong winds, thereby shortening the overall construction cycle and improving efficiency. This vibration control method is also applicable to the overall lifting construction of various large-span steel structures, super high-rise buildings, and bridges, and can be widely applied to different types of complex steel structure construction projects, demonstrating broad application value.

[0135] The embodiments disclosed in this specification are merely illustrative of one aspect of the invention, and the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Any other functionally equivalent embodiments fall within the scope of protection of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make various other corresponding changes and modifications based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A vibration control method for lifting a target object, characterized in that, This device is used in vibration control systems. The vibration control system includes a lifter, a distance measuring device, a suspension cable, a lifting mechanism, and a damping housing. The lifter is connected to the target object via the suspension cable and is used to lift the target object. The distance measuring device is used to measure the distance between the target object and the lifter. The lifting device is installed on the target object and is connected to the damping housing. The lifting device and the damping housing together form a TMD (Total Damping Device). The lifting device is used to raise and lower the damping housing to control the distance between the damping housing and the target object. The vibration control method includes a first step: Step 1: Determine the total mass M of the target object and the lifting device supported on the target object, determine the mass m of the damping box, and determine the target height L that the target object needs to be lifted. Step 2: Based on the mass m of the damping box, calculate the optimal frequency ratio using formulas ① and ② respectively. The optimal damping ratio of TMD Optimal frequency ratio This is the ratio between the frequency of the TMD and the frequency of the supporting structure. The supporting structure refers to the structure used to support the TMD, and includes a ranging device for lifting the target and measuring its height. Formulas ① and ② are as follows: ------① ------② In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity. Represents the coefficient. ; Step 3: Adjust the damping of the damping box to the target damping coefficient. So that the target damping coefficient is achieved. Under these conditions, the TMD damping ratio reaches its optimal damping ratio. , Based on the mass m of the damping box and the optimal damping ratio The dimensions of the damping chamber, the density of the blocks, and the mass of the liquid to be injected into the annular cavity are determined. The damping of the damping chamber is then adjusted to the target damping coefficient by controlling the block density, the volume of liquid injected, and the mass of the fitting components. , The target object is also provided with an annular cavity, and the block is located inside the annular cavity; Step 4: Measure the height of the target object at the current time t. ; Step 5: Based on the optimal frequency ratio Calculate the optimal frequency of TMD based on height. Determine the suspension length of the hoisting cable This allows for the determination of the suspension length of the damping box based on the height of the target object, under the constraints of optimal frequency ratio and optimal damping ratio. Wherein, the optimal frequency at the current time t The suspension length at the current time t is calculated using formula ③. Calculated using formula ④: ------③ ------④ In the formula, the distance between the target object and the ranging device at the current time t is: , According to the aforementioned suspension length, the damping box is raised so that at time t, the suspension length of the damping box matches the height of the target object.

2. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, After step 5, it also includes, Step 6: Lift the target object to the target height L. After the target object reaches the target height L, proceed with the subsequent construction.

3. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 6, the subsequent construction includes removing the patch components from the damping box for assembly, and installing the target object onto the main building structure. The target object has an open cavity, and the fitting component is installed in the open cavity.

4. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the mass m of the damping box is determined based on the total mass M.

5. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, 。 6. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting structure also includes the lifting device, suspension cables, and the target object.

7. The vibration control method for target object lifting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific implementation of step 4 includes the following steps: The distance d between the target and the ranging device is measured. The distance between the target and the ranging device at the current time t is... Then the height of the target object at the current time t .

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