Antenna module and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna module and an electronic device. The antenna module comprises a charging antenna unit and a communication antenna unit; the charging antenna unit comprises a first charging antenna and a second charging antenna; the communication antenna unit comprises a first communication antenna and a second communication antenna; wherein the first communication antenna is arranged around the first charging antenna, the first charging antenna is arranged around the second communication antenna, and the second communication antenna is arranged around the second charging antenna. According to the antenna module provided by the invention, the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna are embedded together, so that the requirement on an additional antenna area is reduced. Meanwhile, the first communication antenna surrounds the charging antenna unit and serves as a large-size main radiation antenna, and the basic NFC communication requirement is met; and the second communication antenna is embedded in the charging antenna unit, is used as a secondary radiation antenna, plays a role in supplementing radiation, and is used for compensating the field intensity of the central area and reducing the communication blind area of the central area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna module and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of mobile devices and people's increasing demand for convenience, NFC (Near Field Communication) technology and wireless charging technology have been widely used in the field of consumer electronics. NFC technology allows two devices to exchange data at high speed within a short distance, supporting functions such as payment, access control and data sharing; while wireless charging technology provides non-contact power transmission for devices through electromagnetic induction or resonant coupling, greatly improving the user experience.

[0003] Most devices on the market currently use independent antenna designs to achieve these two functions, which not only increases the internal space occupied by the device, but also may lead to increased costs and design complexity. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an antenna module and an electronic device.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an antenna module, including a charging antenna unit and a communication antenna unit; the charging antenna unit includes a first charging antenna and a second charging antenna; the communication antenna unit includes a first communication antenna and a second communication antenna; wherein the first communication antenna is arranged around the first charging antenna, the first charging antenna is arranged around the second communication antenna, and the second communication antenna is arranged around the second charging antenna.

[0006] Optionally, the first communication antenna and the second communication antenna are connected in series or in parallel.

[0007] Optionally, the winding shapes of the first communication antenna and the second communication antenna are both rectangular.

[0008] Optionally, the winding shapes of the first charging antenna and the second charging antenna are both circular.

[0009] Optionally, the winding shape of the first communication antenna is rectangular, and the winding shape of the second communication antenna is circular.

[0010] Optionally, the number of winding coils of the first communication antenna is greater than the number of winding coils of the second communication antenna.

[0011] Optionally, the number of winding coils of the first communication antenna is 2, and the number of winding coils of the second communication antenna is 1.

[0012] Optionally, the area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the winding of the first communication antenna is greater than or equal to 1500 square millimeters.

[0013] Optionally, the area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the winding of the second communication antenna is greater than or equal to 100 square millimeters.

[0014] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, comprising any one of the antenna modules described above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present disclosure has the following advantages: the antenna module provided by the present disclosure can integrate NFC and wireless charging functions simultaneously in the limited space of the electronic device by embedding the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna together, thereby reducing the need for additional antenna areas. At the same time, the first communication antenna surrounds the charging antenna unit and serves as a large-sized main radiating antenna to meet the basic NFC communication needs; the second communication antenna is embedded in the charging antenna unit and serves as a secondary radiating antenna to play a supplementary radiation role, which is used to compensate for the field strength in the central area and reduce the communication blind area in the central area. It can also provide radio frequency field energy for small-sized tag cards and receive their communication signals; the secondary radiating antenna can work in conjunction with the main radiating antenna to support multiple communication protocols or perform different operations at the same time, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another antenna module provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a communication antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the scheme of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, but the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0024] At present, the application of NFC technology in mobile terminals has become more and more common. The NFC function is mainly realized by the NFC controller chip. The NFC controller (NFCC) realizes the function of the radio frequency front end, which is mainly responsible for establishing a near-field communication link based on a 13.56MHz carrier with the remote endpoint. The NFC information is transmitted through the electromagnetic induction coupling method of the wireless frequency part of the spectrum, and the principle is electromagnetic induction.

[0025] With the development of technology and the evolution of user needs, wireless charging technology has become a standard feature on flagship mobile phones. The current mainstream wireless charging alliance is WPC (Wireless Power Consortium), which uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to transmit energy between the transmitter and the receiver through an electromagnetic field to achieve wireless charging of electronic devices.

[0026] According to relevant regulations, the operating frequency range of mobile and portable wireless charging equipment is 100-148.5kHz, 6765-6795kHz, 13553-13567kHz, and the rated transmission power does not exceed 80W. The operating frequency and other related technical parameters should meet the "Technical Requirements for Wireless Charging (Power Transmission) Equipment". Therefore, the common operating frequency of high-power wireless charging for mobile phone products is 100-148.5kHz.

[0027] However, as people's demand for mobile phone cameras grows and mobile phone functions increase, the NFC antenna needs to be placed above the battery compartment due to the limitations of the original structural layout, but this will cause a conflict between the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna. Therefore, the NFC antenna needs to be merged with the WPC antenna. However, the merger will greatly increase the area of ​​the NFC antenna. According to the radiation principle of the NFC antenna, the magnetic field in the middle area of ​​the antenna is weak, resulting in some communication blind spots.

[0028] Specifically, the commonly used theory of NFC antenna radiation is the Biot-Savart law, which is based on the mathematical relationship between the current I circulating in a circuit element of length dl and the magnetic induction intensity B. According to the Biot-Savart law, the magnetic field intensity radiated by the NFC antenna is inversely proportional to the distance.

[0029] In a related technology, in order to avoid the conflict between the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna, the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna are set separately, the NFC antenna is placed on the right side of the camera module, and the WPC antenna is placed just above the battery compartment. The size of the NFC antenna in this solution is generally around 1000mm 2 According to the Biot-Savart law mentioned above, the field strength in the center of the NFC antenna is relatively strong at this time, but an NFC antenna of this size takes up more space in the mobile phone.

[0030] In another related technology, the mobile phone product does not have a WPC antenna, but due to structural limitations, the NFC antenna is placed directly above the battery compartment. The size of the NFC antenna in this solution is generally 1000-1400mm 2 , based on the Biot-Savart law, the field strength in the central area is still relatively strong at this time.

[0031] In another related technology, the NFC antenna needs to be combined with the WPC antenna. Due to the difference in operating frequencies, the two antennas cannot work with the same coil. Therefore, the two coils need to be combined but still separated into two antennas.

[0032] There are two ways to merge. One way is to surround the NFC antenna with the WPC antenna, and the size of the NFC antenna is only 100-200mm. 2 , which seriously affects the use of NFC functions, so this solution cannot be put into practical application. Another method is also the mainstream method in related technologies. The NFC antenna surrounds the WPC antenna. In this case, the size of the NFC antenna is at least 2000mm. 2 In this solution, the NFC antenna area is too large and the distance r between the center area and the NFC antenna is too large. Even after the four edges are superimposed, the field strength in the center area is still weak, which makes the NFC in this area unable to work.

[0033] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna module, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a charging antenna unit 10 (ie, a WPC antenna module) and a communication antenna unit 20 (ie, an NFC antenna module).

[0034] The charging antenna unit 10 includes a first charging antenna 11 and a second charging antenna 12 ; the communication antenna unit 20 includes a first communication antenna 21 and a second communication antenna 22 .

[0035] The first communication antenna 21 is arranged around the first charging antenna 11, the first charging antenna 11 is arranged around the second communication antenna 22, and the second communication antenna 22 is arranged around the second charging antenna 12. Specifically, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is located in the electronic device. Figure 1 What is shown is a plan view parallel to the plane where the electronic device is located. On the plane where the electronic device is located, the orthographic projection of the first communication antenna 21 is arranged around the orthographic projection of the first charging antenna 11, the orthographic projection of the first charging antenna 11 is arranged around the orthographic projection of the second communication antenna 22, and the orthographic projection of the second communication antenna 22 is arranged around the orthographic projection of the second charging antenna 12.

[0036] The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can integrate NFC and wireless charging functions simultaneously in the limited space of the electronic device by embedding the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna together, thereby reducing the need for additional antenna area. At the same time, the first communication antenna 21 surrounds the charging antenna unit 10 and serves as a large-sized main radiating antenna to meet the basic NFC communication needs; the second communication antenna 22 is embedded in the charging antenna unit 10 and serves as a secondary radiating antenna to play a supplementary radiation role, which is used to compensate for the field strength in the central area and reduce the communication blind area in the central area. It can also provide radio frequency field energy for small-sized tag cards and receive their communication signals; the secondary radiating antenna can work in conjunction with the main radiating antenna to support multiple communication protocols or perform different operations at the same time, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the system.

[0037] At the same time, the second charging antenna 12 is embedded in the second communication antenna 22, which improves the charging efficiency of the antenna and enables the entire antenna module to be used for wireless charging of large and small devices at the same time. In addition, the smaller second charging antenna 12 can generate a stronger magnetic field to make up for the problem of insufficient magnetic field strength of the main antenna (i.e., the first charging antenna 11) at the center position, thereby increasing the effective working range of the entire charging antenna unit. The smaller second charging antenna 12 can also help disperse the magnetic field energy and prevent the strong magnetic field generated by the single main antenna (i.e., the first charging antenna 11) from causing excessive electromagnetic interference to the surrounding environment.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the first communication antenna 21 and the second communication antenna 22 may be connected in series. Figure 2 As shown, the first communication antenna 21 and the second communication antenna 22 can also be connected in parallel. By supporting both series and parallel connection modes, the flexibility of the antenna module can be enhanced on the basis of cost saving, adapting to more application scenarios, improving antenna performance, and enabling the antenna module to cover more frequency bands.

[0039] Specifically, by supporting both series and parallel connection modes, users can choose the most suitable configuration according to actual needs. For example, when a stronger signal transmission distance or higher power is required, the series mode can be selected; when a higher data transmission rate or lower power consumption is required, the parallel mode can be selected.

[0040] Different application scenarios have different requirements for NFC antennas. The dual connection mode of the above embodiment enables the antenna module to better adapt to various environments, such as mobile payment terminals, smart access control systems, logistics tracking tags, etc., thereby improving the versatility and market competitiveness of the product.

[0041] Moreover, in the series mode, the effective length of the two antennas increases, which can improve the distance and strength of signal transmission, especially suitable for far-field communication or complex electromagnetic environments; while the parallel mode can reduce the difficulty of impedance matching, reduce signal reflection loss, and ensure higher data transmission rate and more stable communication quality.

[0042] Finally, by adjusting the antenna's operating characteristics according to different connection methods, its frequency band coverage can be expanded to a certain extent, allowing a single antenna module to simultaneously meet the needs of multiple frequency bands, such as ISO / IEC 14443 (13.56MHz) and other potential standard frequencies.

[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the winding shapes of the first communication antenna 21 and the second communication antenna 22 are both rectangular, and the rectangle has the best effect on NFC antenna radiation and coupling to the opposite end. Specifically, on the plane where the electronic device is located, the orthographic projection shapes of the windings of the first communication antenna 21 and the second communication antenna 22 are both rectangular.

[0044] Specifically, the rectangular antenna has a smaller edge effect than other shapes, which means it can maintain a consistent magnetic field strength over a wider area, thereby expanding the effective working area. The rectangular structure is simple and intuitive, making it easy for engineers to perform precise size and parameter design. By adjusting parameters such as aspect ratio and number of turns, the required impedance matching and frequency response characteristics can be easily achieved.

[0045] Rectangular antennas have obvious directivity, that is, the energy they transmit or receive is mainly concentrated in a specific direction. For NFC applications, this feature helps to concentrate energy on the target device and reduce unnecessary scattering and interference. In addition, in two-way communication scenarios, rectangular antennas can better form directional coupling with the opposite antenna to ensure more efficient signal exchange between the two. Especially in multi-antenna systems, rectangular antennas can avoid mutual interference through reasonable layout.

[0046] Modern mobile devices have limited internal space, and rectangular antennas can be flexibly adjusted in size according to specific requirements, ensuring sufficient radiation area without taking up too much space. In addition, the rectangular design can make full use of the flat area inside the device, such as the blank area on the PCB board, to further optimize space utilization.

[0047] The electromagnetic radiation characteristics of rectangular antennas are relatively easy to predict and control, which helps to reduce electromagnetic interference to the external environment and also reduces the possibility of being interfered by the outside world. This is crucial to improving the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the entire system.

[0048] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the winding shapes of the first charging antenna 11 and the second charging antenna 12 are both circular, thereby improving the efficiency of wireless charging. Specifically, on the plane where the electronic device is located, the orthographic projection shapes of the windings of the first charging antenna 11 and the second charging antenna 12 are both circular.

[0049] Specifically, the circular antenna can produce a more uniform magnetic field distribution, which is crucial to improving energy transmission efficiency. The uniform magnetic field can ensure that the receiving antenna receives a relatively consistent energy density throughout the entire working area, reducing hot spots and blind spots, thereby improving overall charging efficiency.

[0050] The circular antenna has a high degree of rotational symmetry, which makes the coupling between it and the receiving end antenna more stable and efficient. Regardless of the angle at which the receiving device is placed, the circular antenna can provide a more consistent coupling effect, reduce position sensitivity, and improve user experience.

[0051] In actual use, users may not always place the device exactly in the center of the charging pad. The circular charging antenna design allows for good coupling efficiency even if the device is slightly off-center, increasing convenience and flexibility of use.

[0052] In other embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the winding shape of the first communication antenna 21 is rectangular, and the winding shapes of the first charging antenna 11 and the second charging antenna 12 are circular. In order to arrange the second communication antenna 22 in a wired space, the winding shape of the second communication antenna 22 is circular.

[0053] In some embodiments, the number of windings of the first communication antenna 21 is greater than the number of windings of the second communication antenna 22 , thereby optimizing the overall performance of the communication antenna unit.

[0054] Specifically, the first communication antenna 21 is used as the main radiating antenna. Increasing the number of coils can significantly increase the magnetic field strength it generates. More coil turns means a longer current path through the antenna, thereby generating a stronger magnetic flux, thereby enhancing the radiation capability of the antenna. A stronger magnetic field enables the main antenna to work effectively at a greater distance, expanding the communication range between the reader and the tag. This is particularly important for application scenarios that require wide coverage (such as public transportation cards, access control systems, etc.).

[0055] A primary radiating antenna with more turns can provide better energy transfer efficiency, especially when wireless charging or data exchange is performed at close range. A stronger magnetic field and more stable coupling improve the effectiveness of energy transfer and reduce energy loss. Due to the high efficiency of the primary radiating antenna, the same effect can be achieved at a lower transmit power, reducing power consumption, extending the battery life of the device, and reducing the risk of electromagnetic interference. A strong magnetic field can also help overcome noise and other interference sources in the environment to ensure the accuracy and integrity of data transmission.

[0056] The second communication antenna 22, as a secondary radiating antenna, uses fewer turns, making it more suitable for performing specific auxiliary tasks, such as short-distance communication, location detection, or as a backup channel. This design allows the secondary radiating antenna to focus on specific functions without affecting the performance of the primary antenna. The auxiliary antenna with fewer turns generates a weaker magnetic field, which reduces self-interference to the primary radiating antenna and ensures the stability and reliability of the system.

[0057] By adjusting the number of turns of the primary and secondary radiating antennas, the best performance configuration can be achieved within a limited space, making full use of the available space.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the number of winding coils of the first communication antenna 21 is 2, and the number of winding coils of the second communication antenna 22 is 1.

[0059] Understandably, Figure 3 This is only an example. In a specific implementation, those skilled in the art can set other numbers of antenna windings based on the above embodiments of the present disclosure, which are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0060] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the windings of the first communication antenna 21 is greater than or equal to 1500 square millimeters, meeting the requirements of a large-sized NFC antenna.

[0061] The present disclosure provides a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4As shown (the charging antenna unit is not shown), the winding shape of the first communication antenna 21 is a rectangle with a length of 45 mm and a width of 39 mm. The area of ​​the enclosed area formed by the winding of the first communication antenna 21 is 1755 square millimeters, which meets the conditions of a large-size NFC antenna.

[0062] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the winding of the second communication antenna 22 is greater than or equal to 100 square millimeters, thereby being able to effectively compensate for the field strength in the central area and reduce the communication blind area in the central area.

[0063] The present disclosure provides a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown (the charging antenna unit is not shown), the winding shape of the second communication antenna 22 is a rectangle with a length of 10 mm and a width of 10 mm. The area of ​​the enclosed area formed by the winding of the second communication antenna 22 is 100 square millimeters, which can effectively compensate for the field strength in the central area and reduce the communication blind spot in the central area.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the present disclosure performs simulation tests on the antenna module to which the above embodiment of the present disclosure is applied and the antenna module not to which the above embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. The dimensions designed during the simulation can refer to Figure 4 . In a magnetic field at a vertical distance of 0 mm, compared with a solution including only a first communication antenna 21 of the same size, the antenna module using the above embodiment of the present disclosure has an embedded second communication antenna 22, and the magnetic field in the central area is significantly increased by more than 80%, and the magnetic field in the entire area is increased by more than 30%, and the embedded second communication antenna 22 has almost no effect on the magnetic field of the first communication antenna 21; in a magnetic field at a vertical distance of 1 mm, compared with a solution including only a first communication antenna 21 of the same size, the antenna module using the above embodiment of the present disclosure has an embedded second communication antenna 22, and the magnetic field in the central area is significantly increased by more than 60%, and the magnetic field in the entire area is increased by more than 20%, and the embedded second communication antenna 22 has almost no effect on the magnetic field of the first communication antenna 21.

[0065] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the antenna module of any of the above embodiments, the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including the antenna module of any of the above embodiments.

[0066] The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can integrate NFC and wireless charging functions in a limited space of the electronic device by embedding the NFC antenna and the WPC antenna together, thereby reducing the need for additional antenna areas. At the same time, the first communication antenna 21 surrounds the charging antenna unit 10 and serves as a large-sized main radiating antenna to meet basic NFC communication requirements; the second communication antenna 22 is embedded in the charging antenna unit 10 and serves as a secondary radiating antenna to supplement radiation, which is used to compensate for the field strength in the central area and reduce the communication blind area in the central area. It can also provide radio frequency field energy for small-sized tag cards and receive their communication signals; the secondary radiating antenna can work in conjunction with the main radiating antenna to support multiple communication protocols or perform different operations at the same time, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the system.

[0067] At the same time, the second charging antenna 12 is embedded in the second communication antenna 22, which improves the charging efficiency of the antenna and enables the entire antenna module to be used for wireless charging of large and small devices at the same time. In addition, the smaller second charging antenna 12 can generate a stronger magnetic field to make up for the problem of insufficient magnetic field strength of the main antenna (i.e., the first charging antenna 11) at the center position, thereby increasing the effective working range of the entire charging antenna unit. The smaller second charging antenna 12 can also help disperse the magnetic field energy and prevent the strong magnetic field generated by the single main antenna (i.e., the first charging antenna 11) from causing excessive electromagnetic interference to the surrounding environment.

[0068] Specifically, the above-mentioned electronic devices can be mobile phones, electronic watches, Bluetooth headsets, tablet computers and other electronic devices that need to inherit NFC functions and wireless charging functions, which are not limited here.

[0069] The electronic device of the above embodiment includes an antenna module corresponding to any of the above embodiments and has the beneficial effects of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the above elements.

[0071] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to the embodiments described above, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that: including a charging antenna unit and a communication antenna unit; The charging antenna unit includes a first charging antenna and a second charging antenna; The communication antenna unit includes a first communication antenna and a second communication antenna; The first communication antenna is arranged around the first charging antenna, the first charging antenna is arranged around the second communication antenna, and the second communication antenna is arranged around the second charging antenna.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first communication antenna and the second communication antenna are connected in series or in parallel.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding shapes of the first communication antenna and the second communication antenna are both rectangular.

4. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding shapes of the first charging antenna and the second charging antenna are both circular.

5. The antenna module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The winding shape of the first communication antenna is rectangular, and the winding shape of the second communication antenna is circular.

6. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of windings of the first communication antenna is greater than the number of windings of the second communication antenna.

7. The antenna module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of winding coils of the first communication antenna is 2, and the number of winding coils of the second communication antenna is 1.

8. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the winding of the first communication antenna is greater than or equal to 1500 square millimeters.

9. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the enclosed region formed by the winding of the second communication antenna is greater than or equal to 100 square millimeters.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images