Rapid charging device for liquid metal battery series module

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid metal battery series module rapid charging device, and relates to the technical field of secondary battery application, the device comprises a charger, a switch module, a liquid metal battery series module, a load, a voltage detection module, a central processing unit and a switch control module; the liquid metal battery series module is formed by connecting N sections of liquid metal batteries in series; the voltage detection module is used for detecting voltage information of the N liquid metal batteries; the central processing unit is used for receiving and processing the voltage information of the voltage detection module, generating a control instruction and inputting the control instruction to the switch control module; the switch control module is used for controlling the switch module according to the received control instruction; the switch module is used for changing a circuit connection mode, so that the liquid metal battery is connected with the charger, and the liquid metal battery is quickly charged; and the charger is used for quickly charging the liquid metal battery series module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of secondary battery applications, and in particular to a liquid metal battery series module rapid charging device. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of electrochemical energy storage technology, liquid metal batteries have a three-layer liquid structure design, using inorganic molten salts and liquid metals as electrolytes and positive and negative electrodes. They have the characteristics of low cost, large capacity, and long life, and have broad application prospects in the field of large-scale energy storage. However, due to the low voltage characteristics of liquid metal batteries, in practical applications, more battery cells need to be connected in series compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries to achieve an increase in the voltage level of the energy storage system. During the operation of the battery series module, due to the inconsistency of the cells, the actual discharge capacity of the battery module will continue to decrease as the cycle progresses, and the inconsistency of the cells will further deteriorate. In order to deal with the above problems, battery sorting and electrical balancing measures are generally taken to optimize the performance of the module and ensure its stable and reliable operation.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of available capacity attenuation of liquid metal battery series modules during the cycle process, the current existing technology mainly considers starting from battery balancing control and proposes relevant balancing strategies and balancing devices. For example, Chinese invention patent CN106786909A discloses a group balancing control device and control method for energy storage liquid metal batteries. First, several liquid metal batteries with high consistency are selected to form battery units in a series-first and then parallel manner, and then active balancing control is implemented through the cooperation of data acquisition module, balancing control module, and balancing circuit module.

[0004] However, its balancing device is complex, the balancing control strategy uses voltage as the balancing variable, and only uses large current for active balancing at the end of the battery pack charge and discharge. The effective balancing time is limited, and the effect is not ideal in practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid metal battery series module rapid charging device in order to solve the problems of unsatisfactory balancing effect of existing liquid metal battery series modules and increased inconsistency during the cycle process.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present application is achieved through the following technical solutions: The device includes: a charger, a switch module, a liquid metal battery series module, a load, a voltage detection module, a central processing unit and a switch control module; The liquid metal battery series module is composed of N liquid metal batteries connected in series; The charger is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the switch module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the load is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the voltage detection module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the switch control module; The voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage information of N liquid metal batteries; The central processing unit is used to receive and process the voltage information from the voltage detection module, generate control instructions and input them to the switch control module; The switch control module is used to control the switch module according to the received control instruction; The switch module is used to change the circuit connection mode so that the liquid metal battery is connected to the charger to quickly charge the liquid metal battery; The charger is used to quickly charge the liquid metal battery series modules.

[0007] Optionally, the switch module includes: N single-pole double-throw switches and N+1 single-pole single-throw switches.

[0008] Optionally, the specific connection structure of the switch module electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module is as follows: assume that the liquid metal battery series module is composed of 5 liquid metal batteries connected in series, including: the first liquid metal battery BT1, the second liquid metal battery BT2, the third liquid metal battery BT3, the fourth liquid metal battery BT4, and the fifth liquid metal battery BT5; the switch module includes: the first single-pole single-throw switch S0, the second single-pole single-throw switch S1, the third single-pole single-throw switch S2, the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3, the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4, the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5, the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1, the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2, the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3, the fourth single-pole double-throw switch SW4 and the fifth single-pole double-throw switch SW5.

[0009] Optionally, two ends of the first single-pole single-throw switch S0 are respectively connected to the left side of the load and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the second single-pole single-throw switch S1 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the third single-pole single-throw switch S2 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2; Two ends of the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3; Two ends of the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4; The two ends of the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fifth liquid metal battery BT5.

[0010] Optionally, the lower end of the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected to the negative electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S2; The lower end of the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2 is connected to the negative electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S3; The lower end of the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3 is connected to the negative electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S4; The lower end of the 4th single-pole double-throw switch SW4 is connected to the negative side of the 4th liquid metal battery BT4, the left end is connected to the negative side of the charger, the right end is connected to the positive side of the 5th liquid metal battery BT5 and connected to the positive side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S5; the lower end of the 5th single-pole double-throw switch SW5 is connected to the negative side of the 5th liquid metal battery BT5, the left end is connected to the negative side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the right side of the load.

[0011] Optionally, the steps of the central processing unit receiving and processing the voltage information of the voltage detection module, generating a control instruction and inputting the control instruction to the switch control module include: Define the difference threshold for fast charging ,in Indicates the preset charging cut-off voltage, Indicates the single cell voltage platform of the liquid metal battery; According to the voltage information, if it is determined that the voltage of a liquid metal battery in the liquid metal battery series module reaches , and the voltage of the remaining liquid metal batteries did not reach , then the maximum voltage difference between the liquid metal batteries reaches the difference threshold , it is determined that the discharge capacity of the liquid metal battery series module has decreased and the cycle performance has declined; The voltage information is calculated, control instructions are generated and input into the switch control module.

[0012] Optionally, the step of the switch control module controlling the switch module according to the received control instruction includes: The control instructions are parsed through the switch control module to determine the switch information of each liquid metal battery; Through the switch information of each liquid metal battery, the connection and disconnection of the switch in the switch module is controlled, the circuit connection mode is changed, and the rapid charging of the liquid metal battery is achieved.

[0013] Optionally, the step of quickly charging the liquid metal battery includes: By changing the switch state of the switch module, the load of the liquid metal battery series module is disconnected, and both ends of the liquid metal battery series module are connected to the charger to charge each single battery of the liquid metal battery series module simultaneously; After a preset time, the circuit connection mode is changed according to the control instruction of the central processing unit; Through the changed circuit connection method, the charger is connected to both ends of the corresponding single battery for rapid charging.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application are: By automatically monitoring the voltage of each cell and the maximum voltage difference between cells in the liquid metal battery series module; automatically determining whether a rapid charging operation is required based on the maximum voltage difference collected; quickly switching the circuit connection mode, connecting the charger to both ends of the cell to align for rapid charging, increasing the discharge capacity of each cell, reducing the inconsistency between cells, and increasing the actual discharge capacity of the battery module. Reducing the inconsistency of cells in the liquid metal battery series module can solve the problem of poor module performance caused by the decrease in discharge capacity and low balancing efficiency during the operation of the liquid metal battery series module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a flow chart in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of two power replenishment methods in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 It is a voltage-time diagram and a current-time image diagram of the charge-discharge cycle in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the power replenishment effect in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cycle curve before and after the power replenishment in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present application, the specific implementation methods of the present application are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device in an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a charger, a switch module, a liquid metal battery series module, a load, a voltage detection module, a central processing unit and a switch control module; The liquid metal battery series module is composed of N liquid metal batteries connected in series; The charger is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the switch module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the load is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the voltage detection module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the switch control module; The voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage information of N liquid metal batteries; The central processing unit is used to receive and process the voltage information from the voltage detection module, generate control instructions and input them to the switch control module; The switch control module is used to control the switch module according to the received control instruction; The switch module is used to change the circuit connection mode so that the liquid metal battery is connected to the charger to quickly recharge the liquid metal battery; The charger is used to quickly recharge the liquid metal battery series modules.

[0019] Specifically, for the liquid metal battery of the present invention having an operating voltage range of 0.4V-1.2V, its voltage platform is 0.8V. When the maximum voltage difference in the module increases to 0.4V, it is considered necessary to quickly replenish the battery module, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the inconsistency between battery cells and improving the discharge capacity of the series module.

[0020] The switch module includes: N single-pole double-throw switches and N+1 single-pole single-throw switches.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, the number of switches in the charging device needs to be determined according to the number of series-connected module cells. A liquid metal battery series module composed of N (N≥2) liquid metal batteries connected in series requires N+1 single-pole single-throw switches and N single-pole double-throw switches.

[0022] The specific connection structure of the switch module electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module is as follows: the liquid metal battery series module is composed of 5 liquid metal batteries in series, including: the first liquid metal battery BT1, the second liquid metal battery BT2, the third liquid metal battery BT3, the fourth liquid metal battery BT4, and the fifth liquid metal battery BT5; the switch module includes: the first single-pole single-throw switch S0, the second single-pole single-throw switch S1, the third single-pole single-throw switch S2, the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3, the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4, the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5, the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1, the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2, the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3, the fourth single-pole double-throw switch SW4 and the fifth single-pole double-throw switch SW5.

[0023] The two ends of the first single-pole single-throw switch S0 are respectively connected to the left side of the load and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the second single-pole single-throw switch S1 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the third single-pole single-throw switch S2 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2; Two ends of the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3; Two ends of the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4; The two ends of the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fifth liquid metal battery BT5.

[0024] The lower end of the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected to the negative electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S2; The lower end of the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2 is connected to the negative electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S3; The lower end of the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3 is connected to the negative electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S4; The lower end of the 4th single-pole double-throw switch SW4 is connected to the negative side of the 4th liquid metal battery BT4, the left end is connected to the negative side of the charger, the right end is connected to the positive side of the 5th liquid metal battery BT5 and connected to the positive side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S5; the lower end of the 5th single-pole double-throw switch SW5 is connected to the negative side of the 5th liquid metal battery BT5, the left end is connected to the negative side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the right side of the load.

[0025] The steps of the central processing unit receiving and processing the voltage information from the voltage detection module, generating a control instruction and inputting the control instruction to the switch control module include: Define the difference threshold for fast charging ,in Indicates the preset charging cut-off voltage, Indicates the single cell voltage platform of the liquid metal battery; According to the voltage information, if it is determined that the voltage of a liquid metal battery in the liquid metal battery series module reaches , and the voltage of the remaining liquid metal batteries did not reach , then the maximum voltage difference between the liquid metal batteries reaches the difference threshold , it is determined that the discharge capacity of the liquid metal battery series module has decreased and the cycle performance has declined; The voltage information is calculated, control instructions are generated and input into the switch control module.

[0026] In another embodiment of the present application, during the charge and discharge cycle of the liquid metal battery series module, the upper and lower limit voltages of the monomer (i.e., the liquid metal battery monomer) are usually used as the cutoff conditions for charging and discharging the liquid metal battery series module. When the charging and discharging time is the same, due to the inconsistency of the coulomb efficiency between the monomers, the charge state of each monomer battery is different, which leads to differences in the voltage of each monomer battery. As the number of cycles increases, the inconsistency continues to increase, and the voltage difference of each monomer battery increases at the end of charging and discharging, which will cause the discharge capacity of the entire series module to gradually decrease. Therefore, the discharge capacity attenuation of the series module can be judged by the difference in battery monomer voltage at the end of charging and discharging. For liquid metal batteries, the monomer voltage platform is , the charging cut-off voltage is When the battery series module charging is terminated, one battery must reach U max , while the remaining batteries have not reached the charging cut-off condition. , the other battery only reaches the voltage platform voltage When the discharge capacity of the battery series module decreases, the cycle performance seriously declines. At this time, the maximum voltage difference between battery cells is Therefore, the difference threshold for rapid power replenishment is defined When this threshold is reached, the battery module needs to be recharged. The switch control module controls the states of the single-pole double-throw switches and the single-pole single-throw switches, thereby changing the connection mode between the battery cells and connecting to the charger to achieve the purpose of recharging some cells or the entire module.

[0027] The step of the switch control module controlling the switch module according to the received control instruction includes: The control instructions are parsed through the switch control module to determine the switch information of each liquid metal battery; Through the switch information of each liquid metal battery, the connection and disconnection of the switch in the switch module are controlled to change the circuit connection mode.

[0028] The steps for quickly charging the liquid metal battery include: By changing the switch state of the switch module, the load of the liquid metal battery series module is disconnected, and both ends of the liquid metal battery series module are connected to the charger to charge each single battery of the liquid metal battery series module simultaneously; After a preset time, the circuit connection mode is changed according to the control instruction of the central processing unit; Through the changed circuit connection method, the charger is connected to both ends of the corresponding single battery for rapid charging.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the liquid metal battery series module rapid charging control method provided by the present invention. The rapid charging of the liquid metal battery module by the device is completed by switching the battery charging mode. The central processing unit can detect the voltage U1, U2, U3, ... U N , and calculate the maximum voltage difference of the single battery. When it is determined that the maximum voltage difference reaches 0.4V, the central processing unit sends a control signal to cut off the load and connect the generator. At the same time, it sends a control signal to the switch control module to change the switch state of each switch, thereby changing the battery charging mode and replenishing the battery module. After the module is replenished, the switch state of each switch is changed again to replenish the single battery with the smallest voltage. When the maximum voltage difference in the battery module drops to 0.1V or below, it is considered that the battery module is replenished.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of two charging modes of the liquid metal battery series module fast charging device provided by the present invention. One aspect of this embodiment is as follows Figure 3 As shown in (a), the single-pole single-throw switch S2 is closed, the single-pole double-throw switch SW2 is thrown at the left end, and the other switches are in the open state. At this time, the charger can directly charge the second single battery separately; on the other hand, Figure 3As shown in (b), at this time, the single-pole single-throw switch S1 is closed, the single-pole double-throw switch SW5 is thrown at the left end, and the other switches are in the open state. The charger is connected to both ends of the battery module to charge the battery module.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 The voltage-time image and current-time image of the charge-discharge cycle of the liquid metal battery series module provided by the present invention are shown in Figure 1. Due to the upper and lower cut-off voltages of the single cell safety, the actual charge cut-off voltage of the liquid metal battery series module continues to decrease during the cycle, the charge capacity continues to decrease, the discharge capacity of the battery series module continues to decrease, and the performance continues to decline.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the charging effect of the liquid metal battery series module provided by the present invention. It can be seen that after multiple cycles, after the charging of the battery series module is completed, not all batteries are in a fully charged state, and the discharge capacity of the battery series module decreases; after the series module is replenished by the charging device and the corresponding control method, it can be seen that each battery cell is in a fully charged state, and the discharge capacity of the battery series module is replenished, which verifies the effectiveness of the charging device and the corresponding control method provided by the present invention.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cycle curves of the liquid metal battery series module before and after power replenishment provided by the present invention. It can be seen that after power replenishment, the actual charging cut-off voltage of the series module is improved, the charging capacity is increased, and the discharge capacity of the battery series module is improved, which verifies the effectiveness of the power replenishment device and the corresponding control method provided by the present invention.

[0034] The above are only exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, any equivalent changes and modifications made according to the teachings of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the present disclosure. After considering the disclosure of the specification and the truth of practice, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0035] This application is intended to cover any variation, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not described in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the scope and spirit of the present disclosure are defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device, characterized in that: The device includes: Charger, switch module, liquid metal battery series module, load, voltage detection module, central processing unit and switch control module; The liquid metal battery series module is composed of N liquid metal batteries connected in series; The charger is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the switch module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the load is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the voltage detection module is electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the voltage detection module; the central processing unit is electrically connected to the switch control module; The voltage detection module is used to detect the voltage information of N liquid metal batteries; The central processing unit is used to receive and process the voltage information from the voltage detection module, generate control instructions and input them to the switch control module; The switch control module is used to control the switch module according to the received control instruction; The switch module is used to change the circuit connection mode so that the liquid metal battery is connected to the charger to quickly recharge the liquid metal battery; The charger is used to quickly charge the liquid metal battery series modules.

2. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The switch module includes: N single-pole double-throw switches and N+1 single-pole single-throw switches.

3. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific connection structure of the switch module electrically connected to the liquid metal battery series module is as follows: the liquid metal battery series module is composed of 5 liquid metal batteries connected in series, including: the first liquid metal battery BT1, the second liquid metal battery BT2, the third liquid metal battery BT3, the fourth liquid metal battery BT4, and the fifth liquid metal battery BT5; the switch module includes: the first single-pole single-throw switch S0, the second single-pole single-throw switch S1, the third single-pole single-throw switch S2, the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3, the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4, the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5, the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1, the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2, the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3, the fourth single-pole double-throw switch SW4 and the fifth single-pole double-throw switch SW5.

4. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the first single-pole single-throw switch S0 are respectively connected to the left side of the load and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the second single-pole single-throw switch S1 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1; Two ends of the third single-pole single-throw switch S2 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2; Two ends of the fourth single-pole single-throw switch S3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3; Two ends of the fifth single-pole single-throw switch S4 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4; The two ends of the sixth single-pole single-throw switch S5 are respectively connected to the positive electrode side of the charger and the positive electrode side of the fifth liquid metal battery BT5.

5. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the first single-pole double-throw switch SW1 is connected to the negative electrode side of the first liquid metal battery BT1, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S2; The lower end of the second single-pole double-throw switch SW2 is connected to the negative electrode side of the second liquid metal battery BT2, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S3; The lower end of the third single-pole double-throw switch SW3 is connected to the negative electrode side of the third liquid metal battery BT3, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S4; The lower end of the fourth single-pole double-throw switch SW4 is connected to the negative electrode side of the fourth liquid metal battery BT4, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the positive electrode side of the fifth liquid metal battery BT5 and connected to the positive electrode side of the charger via the single-pole single-throw switch S5; The lower end of the fifth single-pole double-throw switch SW5 is connected to the negative electrode side of the fifth liquid metal battery BT5, the left end is connected to the negative electrode side of the charger, and the right end is connected to the right side of the load.

6. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steps of the central processing unit receiving and processing the voltage information of the voltage detection module, generating a control instruction and inputting the control instruction to the switch control module include: Define the difference threshold for fast charging ,in Indicates the preset charging cut-off voltage, Indicates the single cell voltage platform of the liquid metal battery; According to the voltage information, if it is determined that the voltage of a liquid metal battery in the liquid metal battery series module reaches , and the voltage of the remaining liquid metal batteries did not reach , then the maximum voltage difference between the liquid metal batteries reaches the difference threshold , it is determined that the discharge capacity of the liquid metal battery series module has decreased and the cycle performance has declined; The voltage information is calculated, control instructions are generated and input into the switch control module.

7. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The step of the switch control module controlling the switch module according to the received control instruction comprises: The control instructions are parsed through the switch control module to determine the switch information of each liquid metal battery; Through the switch information of each liquid metal battery, the connection and disconnection of the switch in the switch module are controlled to change the circuit connection mode.

8. A liquid metal battery series module rapid power replenishment device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The step of quickly charging the liquid metal battery comprises: By changing the switch state of the switch module, the load of the liquid metal battery series module is disconnected, and both ends of the liquid metal battery series module are connected to the charger to charge each single battery of the liquid metal battery series module simultaneously; After a preset time, the circuit connection mode is changed according to the control instruction of the central processing unit; Through the changed circuit connection method, the charger is connected to both ends of the corresponding single battery for rapid charging.

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