Data processing method and data processing device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a data processing method and a data processing device, and the data processing method is applied to a receiving end in the field of optical transmission and is mainly used for realizing frame synchronization. The operation of differential processing is introduced in the frame synchronization process of a receiving end, specifically, the receiving end performs differential processing on received data transmitted through a channel to obtain differential data, and performs differential processing on an obtained pilot frequency sequence to obtain a differential pilot frequency sequence. And then, a receiving end performs cross-correlation calculation on the differential data and the differential pilot frequency sequence, and determines a frame starting position in the received data according to a cross-correlation calculation result, so that frame synchronization is completed. In this way, the influence of the frequency offset of the laser on frame synchronization of the receiving end is reduced, and the frame synchronization effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of optical communications, and in particular, to a data processing method and a data processing device. Background Art

[0002] Driven by 5G, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, high-speed optical transmission networks are developing in the direction of large capacity, packetization, and intelligence. Coherent optical communication systems use the amplitude, phase, polarization, and frequency of light waves to carry information. In order to combat optical signal distortion caused by dispersion, polarization-related damage, noise, nonlinear effects, and other factors during transmission and maintain long-distance transmission, coherent optical communication systems usually add some designed fixed symbol sequences to the transmission symbol sequence to facilitate the receiver to recover the transmitted symbols.

[0003] The frame format used in 400ZR and 800ZR scenarios includes a continuous training sequence, and its correlation is highly tolerant to laser frequency deviation. However, the 800LR scenario uses a very simple frame structure, including a pilot sequence composed of periodically inserted pilot symbols. This pilot sequence has a long symbol period, and its correlation is very sensitive to laser frequency deviation. The phase noise introduced by the laser frequency deviation will greatly reduce the correlation of the pilot sequence, thereby affecting the effect of frame synchronization at the receiving end. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a data processing method and a data processing device, which reduce the influence of laser frequency deviation on frame synchronization of a receiving end and improve the effect of frame synchronization.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data processing method, which is applied to a receiving end. A plurality of continuous data frames sent by a transmitting end are transmitted to a receiving end through a channel. It should be understood that the received data transmitted through the channel can be regarded as a symbol set including a plurality of symbols. Further, the symbol set includes R symbol subsets, each symbol subset includes W symbols. Wherein, R is an integer greater than 1, and W is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Specifically, the receiving end performs differential processing on each symbol subset to obtain a corresponding differential symbol subset, so as to obtain a total of R differential symbol subsets. The receiving end obtains a pilot sequence, and performs differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence, wherein the pilot sequence includes Z pilot symbols, 2≤Z≤Q, and the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z pilot symbols of the data frame, and any pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is c times the corresponding pilot symbol in the data frame, and c is not equal to 0. Furthermore, the receiving end determines the frame start position in the symbol set according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence.

[0006] It should be noted that each data frame sent by the transmitter satisfies the following characteristics. In one polarization direction, the data frame includes N symbols, each of the N symbols includes 1 pilot symbol located at a fixed position and M-1 payload symbols, N = M × Q, Q is an even number, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, Q pilot symbols are generated by a target polynomial and a seed, each pilot symbol is one of -A-Aj, -A+Aj, A-Aj and A+Aj, and A is a real number.

[0007] In this implementation, considering the frequency difference between the laser at the transmitting end and the laser at the receiving end, that is, the laser frequency deviation, it will affect the effect of frame synchronization at the receiving end. The present application introduces the operation of differential processing during the frame synchronization at the receiving end, which reduces the influence of the laser frequency deviation on the frame synchronization at the receiving end and improves the effect of frame synchronization. In addition, the pilot symbols generated by the transmitting end in the above manner have good autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics and meet DC balance, which is beneficial to the quality of signal recovery at the receiving end.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z consecutive pilot symbols in the data frame, so that the complexity of differential processing is lower.

[0009] In some possible implementations, performing differential processing on a symbol subset to obtain a differential symbol subset includes: the receiving end obtains K symbols adjacent to the starting position or the ending position of the symbol subset. Wherein, K = a × M, 1 ≤ a ≤ Z. The receiving end performs differential processing on a symbol sequence including the symbol subset and K symbols to obtain a differential symbol subset. In this implementation, the transmitting end inserts a pilot symbol into a data frame every M symbols. Therefore, the receiving end performs differential processing on each symbol subset every K = a × M symbols, thereby ensuring the implementation effect of differential processing.

[0010] In some possible implementations, performing differential processing on a symbol sequence including a symbol subset and K symbols to obtain a differential symbol subset includes: the receiving end first performs conjugate calculation on the vth symbol in the symbol sequence, and then multiplies the result of the conjugate calculation with the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the sth differential symbol subset. Wherein, 0≤v≤W-1. This implementation provides a specific implementation method for performing differential processing on received data, which has good feasibility.

[0011] In some possible implementations, performing differential processing on a symbol sequence including a symbol subset and K symbols to obtain a differential symbol subset includes: the receiving end first performs conjugate calculation on the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence, and then multiplies the result of the conjugate calculation with the vth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the sth differential symbol subset. Wherein, 0≤v≤W-1. This implementation provides another specific implementation method for performing differential processing on received data, which enhances the flexibility of this solution.

[0012] In some possible implementations, performing differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence includes: the receiving end cyclically shifts the pilot sequence right by a symbols, where 1≤a≤Z. The receiving end performs conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after cyclically shifting right by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence, and multiplies the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence one by one to obtain a differential pilot sequence. This implementation provides a specific implementation method for performing differential processing on the pilot sequence, performing differential processing on pilot symbols every a=K / M symbols, and ensuring the implementation effect of differential processing.

[0013] In some possible implementations, performing differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain the differential pilot sequence includes: the receiving end cyclically shifts the pilot sequence to the left by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z. The receiving end performs conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the cyclic shift to the left by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence, and multiplies the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence one by one to obtain the differential pilot sequence. This implementation provides another specific implementation method for performing differential processing on the pilot sequence, which enhances the flexibility of the present solution.

[0014] In some possible implementations, It should be understood that the effects of polarization rotation and phase noise of the transmission channel will deteriorate the correlation of the sequence, and as a increases, the impact of these effects will increase, so the smaller the value of a is, the better.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the pilot sequence includes Q pilot symbols, and the Q pilot symbols in the pilot sequence are the same as the Q pilot symbols in the data frame.

[0016] In some possible implementations, determining the frame start position in the symbol set according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence includes: performing cross-correlation calculation on the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence, and determining the frame start position in the symbol set according to the result of the cross-correlation calculation.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory and the processor are interconnected via lines, instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is used to execute the method described in any implementation method of the first aspect.

[0018] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data processing device. The data processing device includes: a receiving unit, a first differential processing unit, a second differential processing unit and an identification unit. The receiving unit is used to: receive a symbol set of multiple data frames sent by a transmitting end after being transmitted through a channel. The symbol set includes R symbol subsets, each symbol subset includes W symbols, R is an integer greater than 1, and W is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The first differential processing unit is used to: perform differential processing on each symbol subset to obtain a corresponding differential symbol subset, so as to obtain a total of R differential symbol subsets. The second differential processing unit is used to: obtain a pilot sequence, and perform differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence, wherein the pilot sequence includes Z pilot symbols, 1≤Z≤Q, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z pilot symbols of the data frame, and any pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is c times the corresponding pilot symbol in the data frame, and c is not equal to 0. The identification unit is used to determine a frame start position in the symbol set according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence.

[0019] It should be noted that each data frame sent by the transmitter satisfies the following characteristics. In one polarization direction, the data frame includes N symbols, each of the N symbols includes 1 pilot symbol located at a fixed position and M-1 payload symbols, N = M × Q, Q is an even number, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, Q pilot symbols are generated by a target polynomial and a seed, each pilot symbol is one of -A-Aj, -A+Aj, A-Aj and A+Aj, and A is a real number.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to Z consecutive pilot symbols in the data frame.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the first differential processing unit is specifically configured to: obtain K symbols adjacent to the start position or the end position of the symbol subset, K = a×M, 1≤a≤Z. Perform differential processing on a symbol sequence including the symbol subset and the K symbols to obtain a differential symbol subset.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the first differential processing unit is specifically configured to: perform conjugate calculation on the vth symbol in the symbol sequence, and multiply the result of the conjugate calculation by the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

[0023] In some possible implementations, the first differential processing unit is specifically configured to: perform conjugate calculation on the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence, and multiply the result of the conjugate calculation by the vth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the second differential processing unit is specifically configured to: cyclically shift the pilot sequence rightward by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z. Perform conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after cyclically shifting rightward by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence. Multiply the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence by the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence one by one to obtain a differential pilot sequence.

[0025] In some possible implementations, the second differential processing unit is specifically configured to: cyclically shift the pilot sequence to the left by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z. Perform conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the cyclic shift to the left by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence. Multiply the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence one by one to obtain a differential pilot sequence.

[0026] In some possible implementations, Indicates that the positive real number b is rounded down.

[0027] In some possible implementations, the pilot sequence includes Q pilot symbols, and the Q pilot symbols in the pilot sequence are the same as the Q pilot symbols in the data frame.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the identification unit is specifically configured to: perform cross-correlation calculation on the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence; and determine a frame start position in the symbol set according to a result of the cross-correlation calculation.

[0029] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0030] Considering the frequency difference between the laser at the transmitting end and the laser at the receiving end, that is, the laser frequency deviation, it will affect the effect of frame synchronization at the receiving end. Therefore, the present application introduces the operation of differential processing in the process of frame synchronization at the receiving end. Specifically, the receiving end performs differential processing on the received data transmitted through the channel to obtain differential data, and performs differential processing on the locally stored pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence. Furthermore, the receiving end performs cross-correlation calculation on the differential data and the differential pilot sequence, and determines the frame starting position in the received data based on the result of the cross-correlation calculation, thereby completing frame synchronization. In this way, the influence of the laser frequency deviation on the frame synchronization of the receiving end is reduced, and the effect of frame synchronization is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system used in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an implementation method of the originating DSP processor in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a data frame in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first pilot symbol generation structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second pilot symbol generation structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A flow chart of a data processing method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a symbol sequence for differential processing in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of performing differential processing at intervals of K symbols in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of a pilot sequence cyclically shifted by a symbols in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.10 is a schematic diagram of the first cross-correlation result between received data and pilot sequence;

[0041] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-correlation result between received data and a pilot sequence;

[0042] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another data frame in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of a third pilot symbol generation structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of correlation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics corresponding to pilot symbols in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.15 A schematic diagram reflecting the autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics in the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of a fourth pilot symbol generation structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.17 Another schematic diagram of correlation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics corresponding to pilot symbols in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.18 Another schematic diagram reflecting the autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics in the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.19 A schematic diagram of a structure of a data processing device applied to a receiving end in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig. 20 Another structural diagram of the data processing device in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present application provide a data processing method and a data processing device, which reduce the influence of laser frequency deviation on frame synchronization of a receiving end and improve the effect of frame synchronization.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to limit a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the above terms can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments described in this application can be implemented in a sequence other than the content described in this application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0053] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a communication system used in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, at the transmitting end, the source provides the data stream to be sent. The encoder receives the data stream and encodes it. The codeword information obtained by encoding the check bits and information bits is sent to the transmitting end digital signal processing (DSP) processor for framing, and then transmitted through the channel to the receiving end. After the receiving end receives the distorted signal caused by noise or other damage in the channel, it is sent to the receiving end DSP processor for dispersion compensation, synchronization, phase recovery and other operations, and then decoded by the decoder to restore the original data and send it to the destination.

[0054] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation method of the DSP processor at the originating end in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2As shown, in a possible implementation, the transmitting end DSP processor performs symbol mapping on the received data sequence. Usually, the received data sequence is the information and check sequence obtained by the forward error correction code (Forward Error Correction, FEC). Among them, the symbol mapping method includes but is not limited to quadrature phase shift keying (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, QPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM). The transmitting end DSP processor also performs polarization symbol division on the data sequence to obtain dual-polarization (Dual-polarization, DP) symbols, for example, DP-QPSK, DP-8QAM, DP-16QAM, DP-32QAM and DP-64QAM, etc. For the convenience of introduction, the two polarization directions are uniformly recorded as X polarization direction and Y polarization direction respectively below, wherein the X polarization direction and the Y polarization direction are mutually orthogonal. It should be understood that the X polarization direction and the Y polarization direction are not two specified polarization directions, but two polarization directions that are arbitrarily orthogonal to each other.

[0055] Furthermore, the transmitting DSP processor performs the following framing processing on a certain number of dual-polarization symbols, specifically, inserting pilot symbols in the X polarization direction and the Y polarization direction respectively to obtain a dual-polarization symbol sequence to be transmitted, which is called a frame. In this embodiment, it is called a data frame, and can also be called a DSP frame.

[0056] It should be noted that after symbol mapping, the symbols can also be interleaved, and the interleaved symbols can be subjected to the above-mentioned framing process. It should be understood that a dual-polarization symbol can be represented by two symbols, one of which is located in the X polarization direction and the other is located in the Y polarization direction. Each symbol can be represented by a complex number. For example, the symbol obtained by 16QAM modulation can be represented by any of the following 16 complex numbers, ±1±1j, ±1±3j, ±3±1j and ±3±3j, where ± represents a positive or negative value, such as ±3 represents 3 or -3. Among them, j represents an imaginary unit, and in some scenarios, the imaginary unit may also be represented by other symbols such as i, which is not limited here. In some cases, the real part and the imaginary part are normalized, but the essence does not change. Furthermore, a sequence with L dual-polarization symbols can be completely represented by two complex sequences of length L, one of which represents the symbol in the X polarization direction and the other represents the symbol in the Y polarization direction. Each complex sequence of length L is represented by a real sequence of length L (also called an I-path sequence) and an imaginary sequence of length L (also called a Q-path sequence), where L is an integer greater than 1. Therefore, there are 4 different types of sequences, including X-polarization I-path sequence, X-polarization Q-path sequence, Y-polarization I-path sequence, and Y-polarization Q-path sequence.

[0057] The structure of the data frame generated by the transmitting end is first described in detail below. It should be understood that the data frame includes symbols in two polarization directions, and the structure of the data frame in the two polarization directions is similar. For example, the data frame includes N symbols in the X polarization direction and N symbols in the Y polarization direction. The structure of the data frame is described below using one of the polarization directions as an example.

[0058] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a data frame in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, in one polarization direction, a data frame includes N symbols, and each of the N symbols includes 1 pilot symbol and M-1 payload symbols located at a fixed position, wherein N=M×Q, Q is an even number, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. That is, each of the N symbols can be regarded as a group, and the N symbols include a total of Q groups of symbols. For example, N=6144, M=64, Q=96, symbol 1-symbol 64 is the first group of 64 consecutive symbols, symbol 65-symbol 128 is the second group of 64 consecutive symbols, ..., symbol 6081-symbol 6144 is the 96th group of 64 consecutive symbols. It should be understood that the payload symbol can also be called a pre-framing symbol, which includes an information symbol and a check symbol encoded by FEC. At the receiving end, the pilot symbol can be used to assist in carrier phase recovery and can also be used to distinguish between two polarization directions.

[0059] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific position of the pilot symbol in each group of M symbols. As an example, each pilot symbol is located at the starting position of the consecutive M symbols, for example Figure 3 The first symbol in the data frame shown is the first pilot symbol.

[0060] It should be noted that the Q pilot symbols in the data frame are generated by a target polynomial and a seed. Each pilot symbol is one of -A-Aj, -A+Aj, A-Aj and A+Aj, and A is a real number. Among them, the degree of the target polynomial is less than or equal to 10, and the number of terms of the target polynomial is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 8, so that it has a lower hardware implementation complexity. In addition, the Q pilot symbols satisfy direct current balance, that is, the sum of the Q pilot symbols is 0, that is, the sum of the real parts of the complex numbers corresponding to the Q pilot symbols is 0, and the sum of the imaginary parts is also 0, which can achieve direct current balance, which is beneficial for the receiving end to restore the signal quality.

[0061] In addition, the two polarization directions are orthogonal to each other, that is, when one of the polarization directions is X polarization, the other polarization direction is Y polarization; when one of the polarization directions is Y polarization, the other polarization direction is X polarization.

[0062] In the data frame, the sequence of Q pilot symbols in the X polarization direction is different from the sequence of Q pilot symbols in the Y polarization direction. For example, if the sequence of pilot symbols in the X polarization direction is -A-Aj, -A-Aj, A+Aj, A-Aj, then in the same order, the sequence of pilot symbols in the Y polarization direction cannot be the same, but can be -A-Aj, -A-Aj, A+Aj, A+Aj, with one difference, to avoid the problem that the receiving end cannot distinguish the two polarization directions in actual transmission.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, when the target polynomial adopts a 10th-order polynomial, the 10th-order polynomial can be expressed as:

[0064] x 10 +a9×x 9 +a8×x 8 +a7×x 7 +a6×x 6 +a5×x 5 +a4×x 4 +a3×x 3 +a2×x 2 +a1×x+1; where a9…a1 can take the value 0 or 1. Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the first pilot symbol generation structure in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, each box can be regarded as a storage unit, and the number of storage units is the same as the number of bits in the preloaded seed, that is, each storage unit is used to input the corresponding bit in the seed. For example, the seed length is 10 bits, which can be represented in binary form as m9, m8, m7, m6, m5, m4, m3, m2, m1, m0, and the corresponding 10 storage units are used. Of course, the seed can also be represented in hexadecimal or decimal, and it needs to be converted to binary when operating with the target polynomial, such as: 0110111000 is represented as 0x1B8 in hexadecimal and 440 in decimal.

[0065] Figure 5 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second pilot symbol generation structure in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the seed length is 9 bits, which can be represented in binary form as m8, m7, m6, m5, m4, m3, m2, m1, m0. Of course, the seed can also be represented in hexadecimal or decimal, and needs to be converted into binary form when operating with the target polynomial.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the target polynomial and seed can be determined by designing the values ​​of coefficients a9…a1 in the 10th order polynomial or the values ​​of coefficients a8…a1 in the 9th order polynomial, so that the generated pilot symbol sequence has a better autocorrelation characteristic in the X polarization direction or the Y polarization direction, and the pilot symbol sequence has a better cross-correlation characteristic in the two polarization directions. In addition, by selecting a suitable target polynomial and seed, the Q pilot symbols can achieve DC balance, which is beneficial to the quality of the signal recovery at the receiving end.

[0067] It should be noted that the data frame considered in the embodiment of the present invention only includes pilot symbols and payload symbols (also called pre-framing symbols). This DSP frame structure is different from other existing DSP superframe structures, in which the DSP superframe usually includes multiple types of symbols, such as frame synchronization symbols used for frame synchronization and distinguishing between two polarization directions, training symbols used for link training, and pilot symbols used for carrier phase recovery. Therefore, in the receiving end processing corresponding to the DSP frame considered by the present invention, the pilot symbol is not only used to assist in carrier phase recovery, but also needs to be used to distinguish between two polarization directions and for frame synchronization. The receiving end obtains 4 data streams, namely the real sequence data stream in the X polarization direction, the imaginary sequence data stream in the X polarization direction, the real sequence data stream in the Y polarization direction, and the imaginary sequence data stream in the Y polarization direction; the pilot symbol is needed to distinguish the real or imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction or the Y polarization direction corresponding to each data stream. In the embodiment of the present invention, the target polynomial and the seed are determined by designing the values ​​of the coefficients a9 ... a1 in the 10th order polynomial or the values ​​of the coefficients a8 ... a1 in the 9th order polynomial, so that the real sequence (also called I path) and the imaginary sequence (also called Q path) of the pilot symbol sequence in the two polarization directions generated have good autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics. More specifically, the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction, the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction, the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction, and the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction, a total of 4 sequences with a length of Q bits have good autocorrelation characteristics and good cross-correlation characteristics.

[0068] It should be noted that the data frame sent by the transmitter will reach the receiving end through channel transmission. Considering the frequency difference between the laser at the transmitter and the laser at the receiving end, that is, the laser frequency deviation, it will affect the effect of frame synchronization at the receiving end. Therefore, the present application introduces the operation of differential processing in the process of frame synchronization at the receiving end, so that the correlation between the received data and the known pilot sequence is no longer sensitive to the laser frequency deviation, thereby ensuring the effect of frame synchronization. It should be understood that what the receiving end receives is the data after channel transmission, which can be understood as a distorted signal affected by noise or other damage in the channel. The data received by the receiving end includes multiple data frames generated by the transmitting end, but the data received by the receiving end is not aligned with the data sent by the transmitting end. Therefore, the receiving end needs to perform digital signal processing on the received data to achieve frame synchronization, so as to determine the frame starting position in the received data. In some possible implementations, each data frame sent by the transmitting end includes a pilot symbol, and the receiving end can use the pilot symbol to perform digital signal processing to determine the frame starting position.

[0069] The following is an introduction to the frame synchronization process of the receiving end in this application.

[0070] Figure 6FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a data processing method in an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the data processing method is applied to the receiving end, for example, by Figure 1 The receiving end DSP processor is shown.

[0071] It should be noted that the transmitting end performs framing processing on a certain number of dual-polarization symbols. Specifically, pilot symbols are inserted in the X polarization direction and the Y polarization direction respectively to obtain a dual-polarization symbol sequence to be sent, which is called a frame. It is called a data frame in this application, and may also be called a DSP frame. It should be understood that the X polarization direction and the Y polarization direction are not two specified polarization directions, but two polarization directions that are orthogonal to each other. In other words, the transmitting end sends a symbol sequence in two polarization directions, so the data received by the receiving end includes symbols in two polarization directions. The data processing method performed by the receiving end on the symbols in the two polarization directions is similar. For the sake of convenience, the data processing method of the receiving end is introduced below by taking one of the polarization directions as an example.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in step 101, the receiving end performs differential processing on the received data transmitted through the channel to obtain differential data. As shown in step 102, the receiving end performs differential processing on the obtained pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence. As shown in step 103, the receiving end performs cross-correlation calculation on the differential data and the differential pilot sequence. As shown in step 104, the receiving end determines the frame start position in the received data according to the result of the cross-correlation calculation, thereby completing frame synchronization.

[0073] It should be noted that the pilot sequence obtained by the receiving end includes Z pilot symbols, where 2≤Z≤Q. As an example, the receiving end pre-stores the pilot sequence and reads the pilot sequence when differential processing is required. As another example, the receiving end can also generate a pilot sequence including Z pilot symbols based on the target polynomial and the seed. The specific method of generating the pilot symbols is similar to that of the transmitting end and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the Q pilot symbols in each data frame sent by the transmitting end are the same, and the receiving end only needs to obtain one pilot sequence, and there is no need to obtain a corresponding number of multiple pilot sequences for the multiple data frames received.

[0074] It should be understood that the data frame generated by the transmitting end includes Q pilot symbols, and the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence obtained by the receiving end correspond one-to-one to the Z pilot symbols in the data frame. In addition, any pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is c times the corresponding pilot symbol in the data frame, where c is not equal to 0. For example, if one of the pilot symbols in the data frame is A+Aj, the corresponding pilot symbol in the pilot sequence can be A+Aj or 2A+2Aj, etc. In the first possible scenario, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z consecutive pilot symbols in the data frame. Taking Q=96 and Z=48 as an example, the pilot sequence can take any 48 consecutive pilot symbols in the data frame. In the second possible scenario, the pilot sequence includes Q pilot symbols, and the Q pilot symbols in the pilot sequence are the same as the Q pilot symbols in the data frame. In the third possible scenario, the pilot sequence can also take Z discontinuous pilot symbols in the data frame.

[0075] The following first describes in detail the operation of differential processing during frame synchronization by taking the first possible scenario and the second possible scenario as examples.

[0076] For step 101, taking one of the polarization directions as an example, the received data transmitted through the channel can be regarded as a symbol set including multiple symbols, wherein the symbol set includes a symbol sequence of multiple data frames generated by the transmitter in one polarization direction. Further, the symbol set includes R symbol subsets, and each symbol subset includes W symbols. Among them, R is an integer greater than 1, and W is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It should be understood that the division method of the symbol subset has nothing to do with the size of the data frame, that is, the number of symbols in the symbol subset may be the same as or different from the number of symbols in the data frame, and is not specifically limited here. It should also be understood that the symbol subset here is a concept introduced only for the convenience of introduction. In practice, the data received by the receiving end is a whole and may not be divided.

[0077] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a symbol sequence for differential processing in an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the receiving end performs differential processing on each symbol subset separated by K symbols, that is, each symbol sequence for differential processing includes a symbol subset and K symbols adjacent to it. Figure 7As shown, taking the sth symbol subset as an example, 0≤s≤R-1, first obtain the K symbols adjacent to the sth symbol subset, which can be the K symbols at the end of the s-1th symbol subset, or the K symbols at the beginning of the s+1th symbol subset. It should be understood that for the 0th symbol subset, only the K symbols starting from the 1st symbol subset can be taken. Then, the sth symbol sequence including the sth symbol subset and the K symbols adjacent thereto is differentially processed to obtain the sth differential symbol subset, thereby obtaining differential data including R differential symbol subsets. Wherein, K=a×M, 1≤a≤Z.

[0078] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of differential processing performed at intervals of K symbols in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 As shown, taking differential processing of the s-th symbol sequence as an example, specifically, the differential processing is to conjugate multiply the v-th symbol in the s-th symbol sequence with the v+K-th symbol, where 0≤v≤W-1. In a possible implementation, conjugate calculation is first performed on the v-th symbol in the s-th symbol sequence, and then the result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the v+K symbols in the s-th symbol sequence to obtain the v-th symbol in the s-th differential symbol subset, and the differential processing is performed in this way to obtain the s-th differential symbol subset. In another possible implementation, conjugate calculation is first performed on the v+K-th symbol in the s-th symbol sequence, and then the result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the v symbols in the s-th symbol sequence to obtain the v-th symbol in the s-th differential symbol subset, and the differential processing is performed in this way to obtain the s-th differential symbol subset.

[0079] For step 102, the receiving end first performs a cyclic shift on the pilot sequence stored locally, and then performs differential processing on the original pilot sequence and the pilot sequence after the cyclic shift to obtain a differential pilot sequence. It should be understood that the length of the pilot sequence remains unchanged after the cyclic shift, but the position of each pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is shifted one by one in one direction. Among them, the cyclic shift includes two methods: left cyclic shift and right cyclic shift. The following is an introduction taking the cyclic shift of a symbols as an example. It should be noted that in the present application, the pilot symbol is inserted into the transmission data frame every M symbols. Therefore, when the received data is differentially processed at intervals of K=a×M symbols, the corresponding pilot symbol is differentially processed at intervals of a=K / M symbols.

[0080] Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pilot sequence cyclically shifted by a number of symbols in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 (a) shows the original pilot sequence before cyclic shift. Fig. 9 (b) shows the pilot sequence after cyclic shifting a symbols to the right. Fig. 9(c) shows the pilot sequence after cyclic shifting a symbols to the left, where 1≤a≤Z.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the receiving end performs conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after cyclic shifting a symbols to the right to obtain a conjugate sequence, and multiplies the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence with the Z pilot symbols in the original pilot sequence one by one to obtain a differential pilot sequence. In another possible implementation, the receiving end performs conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after cyclic shifting a symbols to the left to obtain a conjugate sequence, and multiplies the Z symbols in the conjugate sequence with the Z pilot symbols in the original pilot sequence one by one to obtain a differential pilot sequence.

[0082] It should be noted that the value range of a is preferably It should be understood that the effects of polarization rotation and phase noise of the transmission channel will deteriorate the correlation of the sequence, and as a increases, the impact of these effects will increase, so the smaller the value of a is, the better.

[0083] It should be noted that, in addition to performing differential processing on the pilot sequence by cyclic shift as described above, the pilot sequence may also be differentially processed by other methods, and cyclic shift is only a relatively simple implementation method.

[0084] In the third possible scenario, the pilot sequence may also be Z discontinuous pilot symbols in the data frame. The following example briefly introduces this scenario.

[0085] In a possible implementation, pilot symbols are extracted from the pilot symbol sequence of the data frame at intervals of G symbols as the receiving end pilot sequence, where G is a positive even number that can be divided by Q, and 2≤G. At this time, the value of K for differential processing is K=G×a×M, and the operation of differential processing is similar to the processing methods described in the first possible scenario and the second possible scenario, that is, the receiving end performs differential processing on each symbol subset at intervals of K symbols, and performs differential processing on the pilot sequence at intervals of a symbols.

[0086] For step 103, the receiving end performs cross-correlation calculation on the R differential symbol subsets obtained in step 101 and the differential pilot sequence obtained in step 102. As an example, the R differential symbol subsets can be cross-correlated with the differential pilot sequence respectively, and then the results of the R cross-correlation calculations are combined. As another example, the R differential symbol subsets can also be cross-correlated with the differential pilot sequence as a whole. It should be understood that the cross-correlation calculation results obtained in the above two examples are the same.

[0087] Specifically, the implementation of cross-correlation can be expressed by the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] or,

[0090]

[0091] Where D represents R differential symbol subsets, T represents the differential pilot sequence, S represents the offset, -N≤S≤N-1 or 0≤S≤N-1, T * (n) represents the conjugate of the symbol in the differential pilot sequence. From the definition of cross-correlation, it can be seen that when the offset S is equal to S0, the differential data is aligned with the differential pilot sequence, and the cross-correlation value is the largest. This position corresponds to the starting position of the frame. In addition, in order to simplify the calculation complexity, a partial sequence can be intercepted from the differential pilot sequence, and then the partial differential pilot sequence and the differential data are cross-correlated. The length of the partial differential pilot sequence is greater than 0 and less than or equal to Z.

[0092] For step 104, when the position of the received data is aligned with the pilot sequence, the value of the mutual correlation is the largest. When the positions of the two are offset to a certain extent, the value of the mutual correlation is smaller. Therefore, the peak value of the mutual correlation sequence can be used to find the starting position of the frame, thereby achieving frame synchronization at the receiving end. It should be noted that the above describes the processing method in one polarization direction, and the processing method in the other polarization direction is similar. Comprehensively considering the mutual correlation results of the two polarizations, a mutual correlation peak value can be obtained to determine the common starting position of the received data in the two polarization directions, thereby achieving frame synchronization.

[0093] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the first cross-correlation result between the received data and the pilot sequence. Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the second cross-correlation result between received data and pilot sequence. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the offset (in the number of symbols), and the vertical axis represents the normalized amplitude. It should be understood that Fig.10 The cross-correlation results are shown without differential processing of the received data and pilot sequence. Fig.11 The figure shows the cross-correlation results after differential processing of the received data and pilot sequence. By comparison, we can see that Fig.10 The peak in the image is not obvious, and it is difficult to identify the start position of the frame. Fig.11 The peak value is obvious, the cross-correlation is better, and it is easy to identify the frame start position. Therefore, introducing differential processing in the frame synchronization process is more conducive to achieving frame synchronization and can improve the tolerance to laser frequency deviation.

[0094] In summary of the above introduction, the present application introduces a differential processing operation in the process of frame synchronization at the receiving end. Specifically, the receiving end performs differential processing on the received data transmitted through the channel to obtain differential data, and performs differential processing on the locally stored pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence. Furthermore, the receiving end performs cross-correlation calculation on the differential data and the differential pilot sequence, and determines the frame start position in the received data based on the result of the cross-correlation calculation, thereby completing frame synchronization. In this way, the influence of the laser frequency deviation on the frame synchronization of the receiving end is reduced, and the effect of frame synchronization is improved. In addition, the pilot symbols generated by the transmitting end in the above manner have good autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics, and meet DC balance, which is beneficial for the receiving end to restore the signal quality.

[0095] It should be noted that in order to achieve better differential correlation, the target polynomial and seed for generating the pilot sequence at the transmitting end need to be specifically designed.

[0096] Several specific embodiments are introduced below by taking N=6144, M=64, Q=96 as an example.

[0097] Embodiment 1: The target polynomial is x^10+x^9+x^6+x+1, the seed in the X polarization direction is 0x0B4, and the seed in the Y polarization direction is 0x2D1.

[0098] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another data frame in the embodiment of the present application. Considering dual-polarization DP-16QAM modulation, 96×63=6048 dual-polarization payload symbols are obtained through BCH (126, 110) encoding and DP-16QAM dual-polarization modulation. Insert a pilot symbol in front of every 63 symbols in the 6048 payload symbols, and insert a total of 96 pilot symbols, and get the following Fig.14 The data frame (also called DSP frame) structure shown is N = 6144, M = 64, Q = 96. In the X polarization direction or the Y polarization direction, 96 pilot symbols are generated according to the target polynomial and the seed.

[0099] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the third pilot symbol generation structure in the embodiment of the present application. If the target polynomial is x^10+x^9+x^6+x+1, the seed in the X polarization direction is 0x0B4, and the seed in the Y polarization direction is 0x2D1, the generation process of 96 pilot symbols in each of the two polarization directions is as follows: Fig.13 shown.

[0100] In the X polarization direction, the input seed is 0x0B4, which is converted into a binary sequence of 0010110100, that is, the value from m9 to m0. If the two bits output in sequence are 1 and 0, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is A-Aj; if the two bits output in sequence are 0 and 0, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is -A-Aj; if the two bits output in sequence are 1 and 1, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is A+Aj; if the two bits output in sequence are 0 and 1, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is -A+Aj. By analogy, 96 pilot symbols in the X polarization direction can be obtained.

[0101] In the Y polarization direction, the input seed is 0x2D1, which is converted into a binary sequence of 1011010001, that is, the value from m9 to m0. If the two bits 1 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is A-Aj. If the two bits 0 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is -A-Aj. If the two bits 1 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is A+Aj. If the two bits 0 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is -A+Aj. By analogy, 96 pilot symbols in the Y polarization direction can be obtained.

[0102] Fig.14 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the correlation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics corresponding to the pilot symbols in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.14 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the offset (the unit is the number of symbols), and the vertical axis represents the normalized amplitude. Fig.14 (a) shows the periodic autocorrelation result of the pilot symbol sequence in the X and Y polarization directions, which is differentiated by two symbols. Fig.14 (b) shows the periodic differential cross-correlation results of the pilot symbol sequences in the two polarization directions of X and Y. The normalized amplitude of the periodic differential autocorrelation function sidelobe value of the symbol sequence in the two polarization directions is not greater than 0.179, and the normalized amplitude of the periodic differential cross-correlation function sidelobe value of the symbol sequence in the two polarization directions is not greater than 0.222.

[0103] Fig.15 Schematic diagram showing the autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.15 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the offset (the unit is the number of symbols), and the vertical axis represents the normalized amplitude. Among them, the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction is recorded as (X_I), the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction is recorded as (X_Q), the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction is recorded as (Y_I), and the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction is recorded as (Y_Q). Fig.15 The autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics of the four sequences X_I, X_Q, Y_I, and Y_Q, each with a length of Q bits, are shown. Fig.15 (a) shows the periodic difference autocorrelation results of the real part sequence (X_I) in the X polarization direction, the imaginary part sequence (X_Q) in the X polarization direction, the real part sequence (Y_I) in the Y polarization direction, and the imaginary part sequence (Y_Q) in the Y polarization direction. Fig.15 (b) shows the periodic difference cross-correlation results of the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the real sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_I&Y_I), the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction (X_I&X_Q), the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_I&Y_Q), the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction and the real sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_Q&Y_I), the real sequence in the Y polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (Y_I&Y_Q), and the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_Q&Y_Q). The sidelobe values ​​of the periodic difference autocorrelation function and the normalized amplitude of the periodic difference cross-correlation function are both less than 0.2709.

[0104] The receiving end uses the PS pilot sequence to perform DSP recovery of the signal based on the received signals in the two polarization directions. For example, by calculating the differential correlation values ​​of the received signal and the sequence symbols of the PS pilot sequence in the X and Y polarizations, the polarization directions can be distinguished, and frame synchronization alignment can be performed. At the same time, the PS pilot signal is used to recover the carrier phase. The designed pilot symbol sequence has good differential autocorrelation and differential cross-correlation characteristics, which meets the DC balance and helps the receiving end to improve the quality of the recovered signal.

[0105] Embodiment 2: The target polynomial is x^10+x^9+x^4+x+1, the seed in the X polarization direction is 0x128, and the seed in the Y polarization direction is 0x12A.

[0106] Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the fourth pilot symbol generation structure in the embodiment of the present application. If the target polynomial is x^10+x^9+x^4+x+1, the seed in the X polarization direction is 0x128, and the seed in the Y polarization direction is 0x12A, the generation process of 96 pilot symbols in each of the two polarization directions is as follows: Fig.16 shown.

[0107] In the X polarization direction, the input seed is 0x128, which is converted into a binary sequence of 0100101000, that is, the value from m9 to m0. If the two bits 1 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is A-Aj. If the two bits 0 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is -A-Aj. If the two bits 1 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is A+Aj. If the two bits 0 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the X polarization direction is -A+Aj. By analogy, 96 pilot symbols in the X polarization direction can be obtained.

[0108] In the Y polarization direction, the input seed is 0x12A, which is converted into a binary sequence of 0100101010, that is, the value from m9 to m0. If the two bits 1 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is A-Aj. If the two bits 0 and 0 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is -A-Aj. If the two bits 1 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is A+Aj. If the two bits 0 and 1 are output in sequence, the pilot symbol in the Y polarization direction is -A+Aj. By analogy, 96 pilot symbols in the Y polarization direction can be obtained.

[0109] Fig.17 FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of the correlation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics corresponding to the pilot symbols in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.17 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the offset (the unit is the number of symbols), and the vertical axis represents the normalized amplitude. Fig.17 (a) shows the periodic autocorrelation result of the pilot symbol sequence in the X and Y polarization directions, which is differentiated by two symbols. Fig.17 (b) shows the periodic differential cross-correlation results of the pilot symbol sequences in the two polarization directions of X and Y. The normalized amplitude of the periodic differential autocorrelation function sidelobe value of the symbol sequence in the two polarization directions is not greater than 0.178, and the normalized amplitude of the periodic differential cross-correlation function sidelobe value of the symbol sequence in the two polarization directions is not greater than 0.222.

[0110] Fig.18 FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram reflecting the autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics in the embodiment of the present application. Fig.18 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the offset (the unit is the number of symbols), and the vertical axis represents the normalized amplitude. Among them, the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction is recorded as (X_I), the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the X polarization direction is recorded as (X_Q), the real sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction is recorded as (Y_I), and the imaginary sequence of the pilot symbol sequence in the Y polarization direction is recorded as (Y_Q). Fig.18 The autocorrelation characteristics and cross-correlation characteristics of the four sequences X_I, X_Q, Y_I, and Y_Q, each with a length of Q bits, are shown. Fig.18 (a) shows the periodic difference autocorrelation results of the real part sequence in the X polarization direction (X_I), the imaginary part sequence in the X polarization direction (X_Q), the real part sequence in the Y polarization direction (Y_I), and the imaginary part sequence in the Y polarization direction (Y_Q). Fig.18 (b) shows the periodic difference cross-correlation results of the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the real sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_I&Y_I), the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction (X_I&X_Q), the real sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_I&Y_Q), the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction and the real sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_Q&Y_I), the real sequence in the Y polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (Y_I&Y_Q), and the imaginary sequence in the X polarization direction and the imaginary sequence in the Y polarization direction (X_Q&Y_Q). The sidelobe values ​​of the periodic difference autocorrelation function and the normalized amplitude of the periodic difference cross-correlation function are both less than 0.2709.

[0111] The receiving end uses the PS pilot sequence to perform DSP recovery of the signal based on the received signals in the two polarization directions. For example, by calculating the differential correlation values ​​of the received signal and the sequence symbols of the PS pilot sequence in the X and Y polarizations, the polarization directions can be distinguished, and frame synchronization alignment can be performed. At the same time, the PS pilot signal is used to recover the carrier phase. The designed pilot symbol sequence has good differential autocorrelation and differential cross-correlation characteristics, which meets the DC balance and helps the receiving end to improve the quality of the recovered signal.

[0112] The following is an introduction to the data processing device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0113] Fig.19 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a data processing device applied to a receiving end in an embodiment of the present application. Fig.19 As shown, the data processing device includes a receiving unit 201, a first differential processing unit 202, a second differential processing unit 203 and an identification unit 204. The receiving unit 201 is used to receive data from a transmitting end and transmitted through a channel. The first differential processing unit 202 is used to perform the operation of step 101 above. The second differential processing unit 203 is used to perform the operation of step 102 above. The identification unit 204 is used to perform the operations of steps 103 and 104 above.

[0114] It should be understood that the data processing device provided by the present application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the unit division in the above-mentioned device is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system. In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a processing unit, or it can be each independent physical unit, or two or more functional units can be integrated into a processing unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0115] Fig. 20 FIG. 2 is another structural diagram of a data processing device in an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 20 As shown, the data processing device includes a processor 301 and a transceiver 302. The processor 301 and the transceiver 302 are connected to each other via a line. Specifically, the transceiver 302 is used to perform data transmission and reception operations, and the processor 301 is used to perform other operations except data transmission and reception. In a possible implementation, the processor 301 may include the above Fig.19 The first differential processing unit 202, the second differential processing unit 203 and the identification unit 204 shown in the figure, the transceiver 302 includes the above Fig.19 The receiving unit 201 is shown. Optionally, the data processing device may further include a memory 303, wherein the memory 303 is used to store program instructions and data.

[0116] The embodiment of the present application also provides a chip. The chip integrates a circuit and one or more interfaces for implementing the functions of the above-mentioned processor 301. When the chip integrates a memory, the chip can complete the method steps of any one or more embodiments in the above-mentioned embodiments. When the chip does not integrate a memory, it can be connected to an external memory through an interface. The chip implements the actions performed by the sending end device or the receiving end device in the above-mentioned embodiment according to the program code stored in the external memory.

[0117] It should be noted that the above Fig. 20 The processor shown in the figure may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. Fig. 20The memory shown in can store operating systems and other applications. When the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are implemented by software or firmware, the program code for implementing the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application is stored in the memory and executed by the processor. In one embodiment, the processor may include a memory. In another embodiment, the processor and the memory are two independent structures.

[0118] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0119] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps to implement the above embodiments may be accomplished by hardware, or by a program to instruct the relevant hardware to accomplish the steps, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc. Whether the above functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0120] When software is used for implementation, the method steps described in the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a server, or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server, or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state hard disk Solid State Disk (SSD)), etc.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A data processing method, characterized in that: include: A symbol set of multiple data frames sent by a receiving end after being transmitted through a channel, wherein in one polarization direction, each of the data frames includes N symbols, each of the N symbols includes 1 pilot symbol located at a fixed position and M-1 payload symbols, N=M×Q, Q is an even number, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the symbol set includes R symbol subsets, each of the symbol subsets includes W symbols, R is an integer greater than 1, and W is an integer greater than or equal to 1; Performing differential processing on each symbol subset to obtain a corresponding differential symbol subset, so as to obtain a total of R differential symbol subsets; Acquire a pilot sequence, and perform differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence, wherein the pilot sequence includes Z pilot symbols, 2≤Z≤Q, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z pilot symbols in the data frame, and any pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is c times the corresponding pilot symbol in the data frame, and c is not equal to 0; A frame start position in the symbol set is determined according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the consecutive Z pilot symbols in the data frame.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The differential symbol subset obtained by performing differential processing on the symbol subset includes: Obtain K symbols adjacent to the starting position or the ending position of the symbol subset, K=a×M, 1≤a≤Z; A differential symbol subset is obtained by performing differential processing on a symbol sequence including the symbol subset and the K symbols.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The differential symbol subset obtained by performing differential processing on the symbol sequence including the symbol subset and the K symbols includes: Performing conjugate calculation on the vth symbol in the symbol sequence; The result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The differential symbol subset obtained by performing differential processing on the symbol sequence including the symbol subset and the K symbols includes: Performing conjugate calculation on the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence; The result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the vth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that Performing differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence includes: Circularly shift the pilot sequence rightward by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z; Performing conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the rightward cyclic shift by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence; The Z symbols in the conjugate sequence are multiplied one by one with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence to obtain the differential pilot sequence.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that Performing differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence includes: Circularly shift the pilot sequence to the left by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z; Performing conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the pilot sequence is cyclically shifted to the left by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence; The Z symbols in the conjugate sequence are multiplied one by one with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence to obtain the differential pilot sequence.

8. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that Indicates that the positive real number b is rounded down.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The pilot sequence includes Q pilot symbols, and the Q pilot symbols in the pilot sequence are the same as the Q pilot symbols in the data frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that Determining a frame start position in the symbol set according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence includes: Performing cross-correlation calculation on the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence; A frame start position in the symbol set is determined according to the result of the cross-correlation calculation.

11. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory and the processor are connected to each other via a line, instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A data processing device, characterized in that: include: A receiving unit, a first differential processing unit, a second differential processing unit and an identification unit; The receiving unit is used to: receive a symbol set of multiple data frames sent by a transmitting end after being transmitted through a channel, wherein in one polarization direction, the data frame includes N symbols, each of the N symbols includes 1 pilot symbol located at a fixed position and M-1 payload symbols, N=M×Q, Q is an even number, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the symbol set includes R symbol subsets, each of the symbol subsets includes W symbols, R is an integer greater than 1, and W is an integer greater than or equal to 1; The first differential processing unit is used to: perform differential processing on each symbol subset to obtain a corresponding differential symbol subset, so as to obtain a total of R differential symbol subsets; The second differential processing unit is used to: obtain a pilot sequence, and perform differential processing on the pilot sequence to obtain a differential pilot sequence, wherein the pilot sequence includes Z pilot symbols, 1≤Z≤Q, the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the Z pilot symbols in the data frame, and any pilot symbol in the pilot sequence is c times the corresponding pilot symbol in the data frame, and c is not equal to 0; The identification unit is used to determine a frame start position in the symbol set according to the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence.

13. The data processing device according to claim 12, characterized in that: The Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence correspond one-to-one to the consecutive Z pilot symbols in the data frame.

14. The data processing device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The first differential processing unit is specifically used for: Obtain K symbols adjacent to the starting position or the ending position of the symbol subset, K=a×M, 1≤a≤Z; A differential symbol subset is obtained by performing differential processing on a symbol sequence including the symbol subset and the K symbols.

15. The data processing device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first differential processing unit is specifically used for: Performing conjugate calculation on the vth symbol in the symbol sequence; The result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

16. The data processing device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The first differential processing unit is specifically used for: Performing conjugate calculation on the v+Kth symbol in the symbol sequence; The result of the conjugate calculation is multiplied by the vth symbol in the symbol sequence to obtain the vth symbol in the differential symbol subset, 0≤v≤W-1.

17. The data processing device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The second difference processing unit is specifically used for: Circularly shift the pilot sequence rightward by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z; Performing conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the rightward cyclic shift by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence; The Z symbols in the conjugate sequence are multiplied one by one with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence to obtain the differential pilot sequence.

18. The data processing device according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The second difference processing unit is specifically used for: Circularly shift the pilot sequence to the left by a symbols, 1≤a≤Z; Performing conjugate calculation on the pilot sequence after the pilot sequence is cyclically shifted to the left by a symbols to obtain a conjugate sequence; The Z symbols in the conjugate sequence are multiplied one by one with the Z pilot symbols in the pilot sequence to obtain the differential pilot sequence.

19. The data processing device according to any one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that: Indicates that the positive real number b is rounded down.

20. The data processing device according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that: The pilot sequence includes Q pilot symbols, and the Q pilot symbols in the pilot sequence are the same as the Q pilot symbols in the data frame.

21. The data processing device according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that: The identification unit is specifically used for: Performing cross-correlation calculation on the R differential symbol subsets and the differential pilot sequence; A frame start position in the symbol set is determined according to the result of the cross-correlation calculation.

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