Mining communication system and method based on RIS

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining communication system and method based on RIS, and the system comprises a mining communication base station, a mining communication terminal, mining RIS equipment, and a mining communication transmission network, and the mining communication base station is used for transmitting and receiving a communication signal transmitted by user equipment to the user equipment; the mining communication terminal is used for a user to access a network service and comprises the steps of generating, sending and receiving a communication signal; the mining RIS equipment is used for changing communication signal transmission characteristics; and the mining communication transmission network is used for transmitting communication signals among the mining communication base station, the mining RIS equipment and the mining communication terminal. According to the invention, the coverage distance and transmission performance of coal mine underground communication signals can be improved, and the communication quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of intelligent mine communication technology, and specifically, relates to a mine communication system and method based on RIS. Background Art

[0002] The development of intelligent coal mines has continuously improved the safety of coal mine production. Coal mine production technology has begun to develop from mechanization and automation to intelligence, and coal mining and transportation have also developed towards less-manned and unmanned directions. In this process, cellular network mobile communication technology represented by 5G for mining has played a huge role. Considering that the current 5G communication method for mining is mostly direct communication between mining base stations and mining communication terminals, the transmission performance of communication signals in the special environment of coal mines still needs to be further improved. Factors affecting the transmission performance of communication signals in coal mines include:

[0003] (1) Environmental factors

[0004] The working space underground in coal mines is limited, with strip-shaped tunnels, curved tunnels, and undulating tunnel slopes. Compared with the relatively open environment on the ground, there will be a large number of non-line-of-sight communication transmission scenarios, which will lead to low communication quality in some network coverage areas.

[0005] (2) Signal loss factor

[0006] Compared with the ground public network, the communication environment in coal mines has more complex and diverse factors that affect signal transmission performance, including the cross-sectional size of the tunnel or working surface (the larger the cross-sectional area, the better the signal transmission performance), the roughness of the tunnel or working surface (the smaller the roughness, the better the signal transmission performance), and the shielding factor (the fewer the shielding factors, the better the signal transmission performance. For example, large-scale metal production equipment in the mining, excavation, and main transportation environments of coal mines will cause large signal loss, thereby affecting signal transmission performance.

[0007] (3) Communication frequency band

[0008] The communication frequency band also affects the signal transmission performance. The lower the frequency band, the better the signal transmission performance. The current 5G high-frequency base stations have the characteristics of short wavelength and weak penetration ability, and the communication coverage distance is short.

[0009] (4) Explosion-proof requirements for mining equipment

[0010] Coal mine underground equipment needs to meet Class I explosion-proof requirements, and the wireless radio frequency transmission power cannot exceed 6W. This requirement will have a certain impact on the network coverage and communication quality.

[0011] Therefore, in order to further improve the transmission performance, communication quality and coverage distance of communication signals to meet the communication needs of coal mine applications, it is necessary to further study signal transmission enhancement schemes. Summary of the invention

[0012] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mine communication system and method based on RIS to enhance the coverage distance and transmission performance of underground communication signals in coal mines and improve the communication quality.

[0013] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0014] The first aspect of the present invention provides a mine communication system based on RIS, the system comprising: a mine communication base station, a mine communication terminal, a mine RIS device and a mine communication transmission network, wherein:

[0015] A mine communication base station, used to send and receive communication signals sent by user equipment;

[0016] Mine communication terminals are used for users to access network services, including generating, sending and receiving communication signals;

[0017] RIS equipment for mining, used to change the transmission characteristics of communication signals;

[0018] The mine communication transmission network is used to transmit communication signals between mine communication base stations, mine RIS equipment and mine communication terminals.

[0019] Optionally, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device; and / or the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station via the mine RIS device.

[0020] Optionally, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including: the mine communication base station transmits the communication signal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal.

[0021] Optionally, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including: the mine communication terminal transmits the communication signal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

[0022] Optionally, the first condition includes at least one of the following: the communication signal is a communication signal sent by the target user; the receiving end of the communication signal is the receiving end of the target user; the strength of the communication signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold; the distance between the sending terminal of the communication signal and the mining RIS device is greater than or equal to a second threshold; the network quality detected by the mining RIS device is less than a third threshold; the system packet loss rate is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold.

[0023] Optionally, the first operation includes at least one of the following: reflecting the communication signal, transmitting the communication signal, refracting the communication signal, adjusting the power of the communication signal, adjusting the power spectrum density of the communication signal, adjusting the energy of the communication signal, adjusting the phase of the communication signal, and adjusting the reflection angle of the communication signal.

[0024] Optionally, the system further includes: a communication signal emitted by the first mine communication terminal is transmitted to the second mine communication terminal via a mine RIS device, and the first mine communication terminal and the second mine communication terminal support direct communication.

[0025] Optionally, the system further comprises: adjusting working parameters of the mining RIS device for performing the first operation according to a deployment area of ​​the mining RIS device.

[0026] Optionally, the system also includes: the mining communication base station transmits the first mining service to the mining communication terminal via the mining RIS device, and the mining communication base station transmits the second mining service directly to the mining communication terminal; wherein the first mining service and the second mining service are both parts of the same mining service, or the first mining service and the second mining service are the same mining service.

[0027] Optionally, the first mining service satisfies at least one of the following conditions: service delay is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, and service reliability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value.

[0028] Optionally, the system also includes: when the second condition is met, the mine communication base station adjusts the first transmission behavior to a second transmission behavior; wherein the first transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is directly transmitted to the mine communication terminal, and the second transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device.

[0029] Optionally, the second condition includes at least one of the following: the RSRP measurement value is less than or equal to the RSRP threshold value; the RSSI measurement value is less than or equal to the RSSI threshold value; the channel quality indication is less than the CQI threshold; the PER is greater than or equal to the PER threshold; the PRR is less than or equal to the PRR threshold; the CBR is greater than or equal to the CBR threshold.

[0030] Optionally, the system further comprises: a GNSS signal is transmitted to a mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in the coal mine via at least one mine RIS device, and the GNSS signal is used for time synchronization of the mine communication base station and / or the mine communication terminal.

[0031] Optionally, the GNSS signal is transmitted to a mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in a coal mine through at least one mine RIS device, including: the mine RIS device receives the GNSS signal; the mine RIS device dynamically adjusts the signal reflection angle according to the incident angle of the GNSS signal and other associated mine RIS devices; the mine RIS device amplifies the GNSS signal strength; the mine communication base station and / or the mine communication terminal in the coal mine receives the GNSS signal and performs time synchronization.

[0032] Optionally, the system further comprises: a mining RIS device detects the quality of the mining communication transmission network and feeds back the detection result to the mining communication base station.

[0033] A second aspect of the present invention provides a RIS-based mine communication method, which is applied to the above-mentioned RIS-based mine communication system, comprising:

[0034] The communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device; and / or the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station via the mine RIS device;

[0035] The communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including: the mine communication base station transmits the communication signal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs the first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal;

[0036] The communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including: the mine communication terminal transmits the communication signal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0038] The present invention can realize network enhanced coverage and increase transmission distance through the mine RIS device; improve the communication quality underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device and enhance the transmission reliability; realize multi-link transmission underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device, enhance the transmission rate and better support diversified applications underground; reduce the number of base stations deployed underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device, thereby reducing network deployment cost and maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a mine communication system based on RIS provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of mine communication signal transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of direct communication signal transmission based on a RIS device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of multi-link transmission provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of beam adjustment of a mine communication base station provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a GNSS signal transmitted to a mine communication terminal via a mine RIS device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described in this application are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the spirit of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] The prior art has the following problems:

[0048] (1) The network coverage distance in coal mines is limited

[0049] Since underground equipment in coal mines is subject to strict explosion-proof requirements and the transmission power is limited to no more than 6W, the underground tunnel environment of coal mines is a confined space, and electromagnetic wave transmission will have multiple reflections and refractions. There are also many factors that affect signal coverage, including working frequency band, cross-sectional area, roughness, and shielding factors. The coverage distance is much lower than that of ground networks. In addition, if high-frequency bands are used for communication, the coverage distance of the network will be further reduced.

[0050] (2) Limited communication quality in coal mines

[0051] Due to the limited space in coal mines, the wireless signal transmissions of different communication devices in the environment will interfere with each other, and the many attenuation factors will reduce the signal transmission quality, resulting in insufficient data transmission performance for wireless communication monitoring and equipment control applications, causing serious safety accidents. In addition, the reduction in communication quality will also affect the coverage distance of the network.

[0052] (3) Upward transmission rate in coal mines is limited

[0053] Coal mine underground communication application scenarios (such as high-definition image backhaul and video streaming transmission) place higher requirements on the performance of mining cellular networks, with the characteristics of uplink transmission capacity and transmission rate. Considering the richer and more diverse applications in the future, the network load will be further increased from the perspective of business volume, resulting in further challenges in uplink transmission.

[0054] (4) The cost of deploying base stations in coal mines is high

[0055] As mentioned earlier, the traditional way to solve the problems of limited coverage and limited communication quality is to deploy more base stations. However, deploying more base stations will naturally increase the deployment cost of network equipment and will lead to increased maintenance workload and costs in the later stages.

[0056] Therefore, for application scenarios in underground coal mines, it is not feasible to enhance the communication coverage distance and improve the communication quality through existing technical means.

[0057] Combination Figure 1 As shown, embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a RIS-based mining communication system, which includes: a mining communication base station, a mining communication terminal, a mining RIS device and a mining communication transmission network, wherein the mining communication base station is used to send and receive communication signals sent by the user device to the user device; the mining communication terminal is used for user access network services, including generating, sending and receiving communication signals; the mining RIS device is used to change the transmission characteristics of the communication signal; the mining communication transmission network is used to transmit communication signals between the mining communication base station, the mining RIS device and the mining communication terminal.

[0058] The mining RIS (Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface) device is an artificial electromagnetic surface structure with programmable electromagnetic properties. A large number of electromagnetic units are regularly arranged on its surface. By applying a control signal to each electromagnetic unit, the electromagnetic properties of the electromagnetic unit (such as capacitive reactance, impedance, and inductive reactance, etc.) can be dynamically adjusted to achieve dynamic regulation of electromagnetic waves in space, thereby intelligently adjusting the wireless transmission channel and reconstructing the wireless propagation environment.

[0059] Specifically, the mine communication base station can be a 4G or 5G or 6G base station or a subsequent evolution version of the base station. The mine communication terminal can be a 4G or 5G or 6G or subsequent evolution version of the mine mobile phone terminal, mine CPE (Customer Premise Equipment) or mine wristband device, mine information mine lamp, mine vehicle terminal OBU (On Board Unit), mine road side equipment RSU (Rode Side Unit) and other types of mine communication terminals. Different devices are connected through the mine communication transmission network (mine private network).

[0060] Figure 1The connecting lines in the figure represent the transmission of communication signals. For example, the signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal after passing through the mine reconfigurable intelligent metasurface device, and the signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station after passing through the mine reconfigurable intelligent metasurface device. The mine communication base station and the mine communication terminal can also be directly transmitted. In addition, it can also include communication between different mine communication terminals, such as communication between mine smart watches and mine mobile phone terminals.

[0061] In this embodiment, the "relay" function is realized by the mining RIS device, which can increase the network coverage distance and improve the communication quality.

[0062] Optionally, the mine communication system further includes: the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device, and / or the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station via the mine RIS device.

[0063] In this embodiment, the introduction of the mining RIS device is mainly to perform a first operation on the communication signal, thereby enhancing the coverage distance and improving the communication quality, such as adjusting the signal amplitude or amplifying the signal power.

[0064] However, the introduction of mining RIS equipment in coal mines will lead to specific problems in coal mine scenarios. Coal mines are confined spaces, and there is already interference between signals from different devices. If the introduced mining RIS equipment does not identify the received signals, indiscriminately performs the first operation on the communication signals, and transmits the communication signals, it will cause the strength of the wireless signal in the confined space to increase, especially the strength of the useless interference signal, which will cause more serious co-frequency or adjacent frequency interference, reduce the technical gain of the introduction of mining RIS equipment, and lead to new technical problems. However, this problem does not exist in the public network on the ground, mainly because the mine is mostly open space and the interference between devices is controllable. Therefore, this problem is unique to coal mine environment communications, real and needs to be solved.

[0065] Optionally, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including: the mine communication base station transmits the communication signal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal.

[0066] Optionally, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including: the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal to the mine RIS device; after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after the mine RIS device receives the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, it detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, it performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

[0067] Specifically, the first operation may be at least one of reflecting a communication signal, transmitting a communication signal, refracting a communication signal, adjusting the power of a communication signal, adjusting the power spectrum density of a communication signal, adjusting the energy of a communication signal, adjusting the phase of a communication signal, and adjusting the reflection angle of a communication signal.

[0068] The communication signal is at least one of a signal for transmitting data information, a signal for transmitting control information, and a signal for transmitting synchronization information.

[0069] Furthermore, the first condition may be at least one of the following: the communication signal is a communication signal sent by a target user; the receiving end of the communication signal is a receiving end of a target user; the strength of the communication signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold; the distance between the sending terminal of the communication signal and the mining RIS device is greater than or equal to a second threshold; the network quality detected by the mining RIS device is less than a third threshold; the system packet loss rate is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold.

[0070] Specifically, the communication signal is a communication signal sent by a target user, for example, the communication signal is a communication signal sent by a mining mobile phone terminal user, or the communication signal is a communication signal sent by mining production equipment (tunneling machine or coal mining machine), or the communication signal is a communication signal sent by a user in the target area (comprehensive mining face or tunneling face).

[0071] The receiving end of the communication signal is a target user receiving end, for example, the target user receiving end of the communication signal is a mining mobile phone terminal, or the target user receiving end of the communication signal is a mining communication base station associated with a mining RIS device, or the target user receiving end of the communication signal is a mining communication terminal associated with a mining RIS device;

[0072] The strength of the communication signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, for example, the first threshold value can be set to -110dBm, and a signal less than the first threshold value is considered to be an interference signal, and the first operation does not need to be performed. When the detected communication signal strength is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, for example, the communication signal strength is -90dBm, the first operation needs to be performed; the communication signal strength is represented by RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) or RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power).

[0073] The distance between the sending terminal of the communication signal and the mining RIS device is greater than or equal to a second threshold, for example, the second threshold can be 50m. When the distance between the sending terminal and the mining RIS device is greater than or equal to the second threshold, it is considered that the signal needs to be enhanced, that is, the first operation needs to be performed.

[0074] The network quality detected by the mining RIS device is less than the third threshold value. For example, the network quality can be indicated by CQI (Channel quality indicator). The higher the CQI value, the better the signal quality. The third threshold value can be 5. When the network quality is poor (i.e., the CQI value is less than the third threshold value), in order to improve the signal quality, the first operation can be performed on the communication signal.

[0075] The system packet loss rate is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold, for example, the fourth threshold is set to 95%. When it is detected that the system packet loss rate is greater than or equal to 95%, it is necessary to perform a first operation on the communication signal to improve the communication quality and reduce the transmission packet loss rate.

[0076] It should be noted that those skilled in the art set the first threshold, the second threshold, the third threshold and the fourth threshold according to actual application requirements, and the present invention does not limit the specific values ​​of the first threshold, the second threshold, the third threshold and the fourth threshold.

[0077] Combination Figure 2 As shown, if the mining RIS equipment is not considered, the mining communication terminal 2 and the mining communication terminal 3 are far away from the mining communication base station, and will not cause significant interference to the communication between the mining communication terminal 1 and the mining communication base station. However, considering the adjustment and amplification of the signal by the mining RIS equipment, the intensity of the interference signal will increase, thereby causing additional interference to the useful signal received by the mining communication base station (i.e., the communication signal transmitted by the mining communication terminal 1).

[0078] After performing signal detection and first condition judgment, the mining RIS device can judge that the communication signals transmitted by the mining communication terminal 2 and the mining communication terminal 3 are not sent to the mining communication base station shown in the figure, that is, the relevant signals are interference signals for the mining communication base station. Therefore, the mining RIS device no longer performs the first operation (signal adjustment or amplification, etc.) on the relevant signals, avoiding amplification of useless signals, interference enhancement, etc.

[0079] In this embodiment, the communication signal is detected by the mine RIS device, and the communication signal is transmitted when the detection result meets the first condition. In this way, by judging whether the current communication signal is an interference signal for the mine communication base station, the same-frequency or adjacent-frequency interference introduced by the mine RIS device can be reduced.

[0080] Optionally, the mine communication system further includes: a communication signal emitted by the first mine communication terminal is transmitted to the second mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device, and the first mine communication terminal and the second mine communication terminal perform direct communication.

[0081] Combination Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the communication signal transmitted by the mine vehicle terminal supporting direct communication technology is transmitted to another mine vehicle terminal supporting direct communication technology and mine road / lane side equipment supporting direct communication technology through the mine RIS device. In this way, by changing the transmission direction of the signal through the mine RIS device, the problem of decreased communication quality caused by non-line-of-sight transmission can be improved.

[0082] Optionally, the mine communication system further includes: adjusting working parameters of the mine RIS device for performing the first operation according to a deployment area of ​​the mine RIS device.

[0083] Specifically, the working parameters include the power of the communication signal, the energy of the communication signal, and the transmission direction of the reflected signal.

[0084] For example, the first operation is to adjust the signal power. When working in the tunnel, the RIS device adjusts the signal power by 3dBi; when working in the fully-mechanized mining face, the RIS device adjusts the signal power by 6dBi. This is mainly due to the different communication environments in different places. The tunnel is generally not blocked by large equipment, and the factors affecting the communication quality are relatively small. However, there are many large mechanical equipment in the fully-mechanized mining face, and there are many interference factors. There are many factors affecting the communication quality, and the signal quality needs to be improved to a great extent.

[0085] Specifically, the mining communication system further includes: the deployment area of ​​the mining RIS equipment includes but is not limited to shafts, tunnels, and large-scale mechanical equipment.

[0086] In this embodiment, the mine RIS equipment is used to achieve directional signal reflection in the tunnel, especially at the turning point of the tunnel, so as to achieve communication coverage in non-line-of-sight scenarios. There are many large-scale metal machinery equipment distributed in the fully mechanized mining face, the heading face, and the main transport tunnel, which require higher communication reliability. The mine RIS equipment is used to achieve omnidirectional or multi-directional reflection and / or transmission, so as to ensure the communication reliability of the coverage area.

[0087] Optionally, the mining communication system further includes: the mining communication base station transmits the first mining service to the mining communication terminal via the mining RIS device, and the mining communication base station transmits the second mining service directly to the mining communication terminal; wherein the first mining service and the second mining service are both parts of the same mining service, that is, the mining communication base station splits the mining service into smaller first mining service and second mining service (first mining service + second mining service = mining service), or the first mining service and the second mining service are the same mining service.

[0088] Optionally, the first mining service needs to meet at least one of the following conditions: service delay is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, and service reliability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value. The first threshold value may be set to 10ms, and the second threshold value may be set to 99%.

[0089] It should be noted that business reliability refers to the corresponding business reliability indicator requirements set for each business when it is generated.

[0090] It should be noted that those skilled in the art may set the first threshold value and the second threshold value according to actual application requirements, and the present invention does not limit the specific values ​​of the first threshold value and the second threshold value.

[0091] Optionally, the mining communication system also includes: the mining communication terminal transmits the third mining service to the mining communication base station via the mining RIS device, and the mining communication terminal transmits the fourth mining service directly to the mining communication base station; wherein the third mining service and the fourth mining service are both parts of the same mining service, that is, the mining communication terminal splits the mining service into smaller third mining service and fourth mining service (third mining service + fourth mining service = mining service), or the third mining service and the fourth mining service are the same mining service.

[0092] Optionally, the third mining service needs to meet at least one of the following conditions: the service delay is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, and the service reliability is greater than or equal to a second threshold value.

[0093] Combination Figure 4As shown in the figure, the mine communication terminal splits a larger service package (such as a video service) into two service packages: a first service package and a second service package, wherein the first service package is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, and the second service package is directly transmitted to the mine communication base station. The mine communication base station combines the received first service package and the second service package into a complete service package. The main technical gain is to increase the service flow through multi-link transmission, thereby improving the transmission rate and throughput. In particular, in view of the large uplink service volume in underground coal mine applications, the problem of large uplink transmission load can be well solved.

[0094] In addition, the first service and the second service can be the same service. For example, the reliability requirement of the control messages sent by the mine communication base station is high. They can be transmitted directly to the mine communication terminal or transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, thereby realizing multi-link redundant transmission and ensuring the reliability of communication.

[0095] Optionally, the system further includes: when a second condition is met, the mine communication base station adjusts the first transmission behavior to a second transmission behavior. The first transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is directly transmitted to the mine communication terminal; the second transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device.

[0096] Furthermore, the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0097] The RSRP measurement value is less than or equal to the RSRP threshold value;

[0098] The RSSI measurement value is less than or equal to the RSSI threshold value;

[0099] The CQI is less than the CQI threshold;

[0100] PER is greater than or equal to the PER threshold;

[0101] PRR is less than or equal to the PRR threshold;

[0102] The CBR is greater than or equal to the CBR threshold.

[0103] Optionally, the RSRP threshold value is -100 dBm, the RSSI threshold value is -90 dBm, the CQI threshold value is 5, and the PER threshold value may be 1%.

[0104] It should be noted that those skilled in the art set the RSRP threshold value, RSSI threshold value, CQI threshold value, PER threshold value, PRR threshold value and CBR threshold value according to actual application requirements. The present invention does not limit the specific values ​​of the RSRP threshold value, RSSI threshold value, CQI threshold value, PER threshold value, PRR threshold value and CBR threshold value.

[0105] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the PER of the mine communication base station using beam 1 to directly transmit to the mine communication terminal is 5%, which is greater than the PER threshold (for example, 1%), indicating that the quality of the communication link is poor at this time, and then the mine communication base station adjusts the transmission beam from beam 1 to beam 2, where beam 2 passes through the mine RIS device to reach the mine communication terminal. The reason for selecting beam 2 transmission is that the mine RIS device can perform the first operation, thereby improving the transmission quality of communication, so the transmission performance of using beam 2 through the mine RIS device can be better.

[0106] Optionally, the communication system also includes: a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) signal is transmitted to a mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal through at least one mine RIS device, and the GNSS signal is used for time synchronization of the mine communication base station and / or the mine communication terminal.

[0107] In the prior art, coal mines cannot receive GNSS signals underground, and thus cannot directly synchronize time with satellites. Currently, time synchronization is mainly achieved by connecting to a timing server via wired connections. However, the use of wired connections in coal mines will result in wiring difficulties, easy breakage, and high maintenance costs. With the introduction of RIS equipment for mining, wireless relays can be used to achieve the reception of GNSS signals underground and wireless synchronization functions.

[0108] Combination Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the GNSS signal can be reflected by one or more RIS devices to reach the underground mine communication base station or mine communication terminal, thereby achieving time synchronization between the underground communication equipment and the satellite. Specifically, it includes:

[0109] The mining RIS equipment receives GNSS signals;

[0110] The mining RIS equipment dynamically adjusts the signal reflection angle according to the incident angle of the GNSS signal and other associated mining RIS equipment;

[0111] The mining RIS equipment amplifies the GNSS signal strength;

[0112] A mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in a coal mine receives GNSS signals and performs time synchronization.

[0113] Optionally, the mine communication system further comprises: the mine RIS device detects the quality of the mine communication transmission network and feeds back the detection result to the mine communication base station.

[0114] Specifically, considering that there are many factors affecting signal transmission in coal mines, the network quality will fluctuate to a certain extent. When the network quality is poor, it cannot support the expected functions or applications well. For example, for applications such as equipment remote control, fluctuations in network quality may cause certain dangers to workers and production.

[0115] The location of mining RIS equipment is relatively fixed, usually placed at a fixed point, and is suitable for fixed-point monitoring of network quality. It can then evaluate whether the current network can support specific application requirements (such as equipment remote control, remote control driving, etc.), thereby assisting mining communication base stations in determining transmission strategies, including determining transmission parameter configurations or determining services that can be sent.

[0116] Specifically, the quality of the mine communication transmission network may be represented by one or more of CBR, CQI, RSRP, and RSSI, or by other parameters, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

[0117] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a mine communication method based on RIS, which is applied to the mine communication system based on RIS as described in Embodiment 1, and the method includes:

[0118] The communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal via the mine RIS device; and / or the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station via the mine RIS device;

[0119] The communication signal emitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including:

[0120] The mine communication base station transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment;

[0121] After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal;

[0122] The communication signal emitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including:

[0123] The mine communication terminal transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment;

[0124] After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

[0125] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0126] The present invention can realize network enhanced coverage and increase transmission distance through the mine RIS device; improve the communication quality underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device and enhance the transmission reliability; realize multi-link transmission underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device, enhance the transmission rate and better support diversified applications underground; reduce the number of base stations deployed underground in the coal mine through the mine RIS device, thereby reducing network deployment cost and maintenance cost.

[0127] It should be understood that the order of execution of the steps in the above embodiment does not necessarily mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0128] The present disclosure may be a system, a method and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for causing a processor to implement various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0129] A computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions used by an instruction execution device. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a raised structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. As used herein, a computer-readable storage medium is not to be interpreted as a transient signal per se, such as a radio wave or other freely propagating electromagnetic wave, an electromagnetic wave propagating through a waveguide or other transmission medium (e.g., a light pulse through a fiber optic cable), or an electrical signal transmitted through a wire.

[0130] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from a computer-readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in the computer-readable storage medium in each computing / processing device.

[0131] The computer program instructions for performing the operation of the present disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages, such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages, such as "C" language or similar programming languages. Computer-readable program instructions may be executed completely on a user's computer, partially on a user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on a user's computer, partially on a remote computer, or completely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet). In some embodiments, an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), may be customized by utilizing the state information of the computer-readable program instructions, and the electronic circuit may execute the computer-readable program instructions, thereby realizing various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine communication system based on RIS, characterized in that: The system includes: a mine communication base station, a mine communication terminal, a mine RIS device and a mine communication transmission network, wherein: A mine communication base station, used to send and receive communication signals sent by user equipment; Mine communication terminals are used for users to access network services, including generating, sending and receiving communication signals; RIS equipment for mining, used to change the transmission characteristics of communication signals; The mine communication transmission network is used to transmit communication signals between mine communication base stations, mine RIS equipment and mine communication terminals.

2. The RIS-based mining communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device; and / or, The communication signal emitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device.

3. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication signal emitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including: The mine communication base station transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment; After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal.

4. The RIS-based mining communication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication signal emitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including: The mine communication terminal transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment; After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

5. The RIS-based mining communication system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first condition includes at least one of the following: The communication signal is a communication signal sent by a target user; The receiving end of the communication signal is a target user receiving end; The strength of the communication signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold; The distance between the transmitting terminal of the communication signal and the mining RIS device is greater than or equal to a second threshold; The network quality detected by the mining RIS device is less than the third threshold; The packet loss rate of the system is greater than or equal to a fourth threshold.

6. The RIS-based mining communication system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The first operation includes at least one of the following: reflecting the communication signal, transmitting the communication signal, refracting the communication signal, adjusting the power of the communication signal, adjusting the power spectrum density of the communication signal, adjusting the energy of the communication signal, adjusting the phase of the communication signal, and adjusting the reflection angle of the communication signal.

7. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The communication signal transmitted by the first mine communication terminal is transmitted to the second mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, and the first mine communication terminal and the second mine communication terminal support direct communication.

8. The RIS-based mining communication system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The working parameters of the mining RIS device for performing the first operation are adjusted according to the deployment area of ​​the mining RIS device.

9. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The mine communication base station transmits the first mine service to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, and the mine communication base station transmits the second mine service directly to the mine communication terminal; wherein, The first mining business and the second mining business are both parts of the same mining business, or the first mining business and the second mining business are the same mining business.

10. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first mining service meets at least one of the following conditions: the service delay is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, and the service reliability is greater than or equal to the second threshold value.

11. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: When the second condition is met, the mine communication base station adjusts the first transmission behavior to the second transmission behavior; Among them, the first transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is directly transmitted to the mine communication terminal, and the second transmission behavior is that the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device.

12. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The second condition includes at least one of the following: The RSRP measurement value is less than or equal to the RSRP threshold value; The RSSI measurement value is less than or equal to the RSSI threshold value; The channel quality indicator is less than the CQI threshold; PER is greater than or equal to the PER threshold; PRR is less than or equal to the PRR threshold; The CBR is greater than or equal to the CBR threshold.

13. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The GNSS signal is transmitted to a mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in the coal mine through at least one mine RIS device, and the GNSS signal is used for time synchronization of the mine communication base station and / or the mine communication terminal.

14. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 13, characterized in that: The GNSS signal is transmitted to a mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in the coal mine through at least one mine RIS device, including: The mining RIS equipment receives GNSS signals; The mining RIS equipment dynamically adjusts the signal reflection angle according to the incident angle of the GNSS signal and other associated mining RIS equipment; The mining RIS equipment amplifies the GNSS signal strength; A mine communication base station and / or a mine communication terminal in a coal mine receives GNSS signals and performs time synchronization.

15. The RIS-based mine communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: The mining RIS equipment detects the quality of the mining communication transmission network and feeds back the detection results to the mining communication base station.

16. A mine communication method based on the mine communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: include: The communication signal emitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device; And / or, the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station via the mine RIS device; The communication signal emitted by the mine communication base station is transmitted to the mine communication terminal through the mine RIS device, including: The mine communication base station transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment; After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication base station, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication terminal; The communication signal emitted by the mine communication terminal is transmitted to the mine communication base station through the mine RIS device, including: The mine communication terminal transmits communication signals to the mine RIS equipment; After receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station; or, after receiving the communication signal transmitted by the mine communication terminal, the mine RIS device detects the communication signal, and when the detection result meets the first condition, performs a first operation on the communication signal and transmits the communication signal to the mine communication base station.

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