Polarization code construction and configuration for block code-based shaping

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for polar code construction and configuration based on block code shaping. An example method includes identifying a set of information bits for transmission; generating a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) corresponding to the set of information bits; segmenting the set of LLRs into a plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on shaped block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks; decoding the plurality of shaped blocks using a polar code according to a shaped code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaped code rate and the shaped block length; generating a sequence of shaped symbols from the sequence of shaped bits; the shaped sequence of symbols is transmitted to a receiving device.

Description

Background Art Technical Field

[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to techniques for polar code construction and configuration for block code based shaping.

[0002] Related technologies

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, broadcasts or other similar types of services. These wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available wireless communication system resources.

[0004] Although wireless communication systems have made tremendous technical progress over the years, challenges still exist. For example, complex and dynamic environments can still attenuate or block signals between wireless transmitters and wireless receivers. Therefore, there is a continuous desire to improve the technical performance of wireless communication systems, including, for example: improving the speed and data carrying capacity of communications, improving the efficiency of using shared communication media, reducing the power used by transmitters and receivers when performing communications, improving the reliability of wireless communications, avoiding redundant transmission and / or reception and related processing, improving the coverage area of ​​wireless communications, increasing the number and types of devices that can access wireless communication systems, increasing the ability of different types of devices to communicate with each other, increasing the number and types of wireless communication media available for use, etc. Therefore, there is a need to further improve wireless communication systems to overcome the above-mentioned technical challenges and other challenges. Summary of the invention

[0005] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a transmitting device. The method includes: identifying a set of information bits for transmission; generating a set of log likelihood ratios (LLRs) corresponding to the set of information bits; dividing the set of LLRs into a plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on a shaped block length of the plurality of shaped blocks; decoding the plurality of shaped blocks using a polar code according to a shaped code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaped code rate and the shaped block length; generating a sequence of shaped symbols from the sequence of shaped bits; and sending the sequence of shaped symbols to a receiving device.

[0006] One aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a receiving device. The method includes: receiving a sequence of shaped symbols corresponding to a sequence of bit-level log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) from a transmitting device; converting the sequence of shaped symbols into a sequence of bit-level LLRs; decoding the sequence of bit-level LLRs using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped information bits of a set of information bits, a sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits; performing a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits using the shaped code rate based on the sequence of shaped bits to obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits; and concatenating the sequence of deshaped information bits with the subset of remaining non-shaped information bits to obtain a set of information bits.

[0007] Other aspects provide: an apparatus operable to, configured to, or otherwise adapted to perform any one or more of the foregoing methods and / or those described elsewhere herein; a non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of the apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the foregoing methods and those described elsewhere herein; a computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium comprising code for performing the foregoing methods and those described elsewhere herein; and / or an apparatus comprising components for performing the foregoing methods and those described elsewhere herein. By way of example, an apparatus may include a processing system, a device having a processing system, or a processing system cooperating through one or more networks.

[0008] For purposes of illustration, the following description and drawings set forth certain features. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings depict certain features of the aspects described herein and should not be considered to limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0010] Figure 1 An example wireless communication network is depicted.

[0011] Figure 2 An example disaggregated base station architecture is depicted.

[0012] Figure 3 Aspects of an example base station and example user equipment are depicted.

[0013] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Various example aspects of data structures for a wireless communication network are described.

[0014] Figure 5Example implementations of transmitters and receivers are depicted.

[0015] Figure 6 A communication system including a transmitter and a receiver is shown, which employs block code based probability amplitude shaping.

[0016] Figure 7 A method for wireless communication is described.

[0017] Figure 8 A method for wireless communication is described.

[0018] Fig. 9 Aspects of an example communications device are depicted.

[0019] Fig.10 Aspects of an example communications device are depicted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for polar code construction and configuration for block code based shaping.

[0021] For example, in some cases, wireless communication may use a technique known as probability amplitude shaping (PAS). The goal of PAS is to minimize the average signal power of the transmitted signal and increase the throughput of the wireless communication network. In some cases, in order to minimize the average signal power of the transmitted signal, a shaping operation may be performed to modify the bit sequence of the transmitted signal, which may involve applying a bit mask to the most significant bit (MSB) of the bit sequence to reduce the average signal power of the transmitted signal. For example, the bit level and symbol transmit power may have a certain relationship, wherein the first bit (e.g., b0) may control the transmit power of the symbol "s" of the transmitted signal, but not other bits. Therefore, if bit b0 is transmitted with a bit value of 0 (zero), the transmit power associated with the symbol "s" of the transmitted signal may be lower than that with a bit value of 1 (one).

[0022] In some cases, the shaping operation may be based on a shaping codeword that bit-masks a subset of a set of information bits corresponding to an amplitude symbol. In some cases, the shaping codeword may be generated based on a sequence of shaping bits (e.g., generated based on a set of information bits) and a block code such as a polar code. Polar codes may achieve "rate-distortion" bounds for lossy data compression, and therefore, it may be beneficial to use polar codes for bit-level shaping to provide good data compression. Polar codes are linear block codes defined by (N, K), where N = 2 nand is the block length, and K is the length of the sequence of shaping bits. In some cases, in order to avoid certain problems that may occur when using polar codes, it may be necessary to consider the block length N and the information bit length K when constructing a polar code and using the polar code for block code-based probability amplitude shaping. For example, in some cases, if an excessively large value of N is used when constructing a polar code, polarization decoding at a receiver may be too complex and may take too long, resulting in increased consumption of processing resources and power consumption, as well as a poor user experience. In addition, because K controls the number of shaping bits used to perform probability amplitude shaping, selecting an appropriate number of K is important for shaping performance.

[0023] Thus, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for polar code construction and configuration for block code based shaping. More specifically, for example, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for constructing polar codes that can be used to perform probabilistic amplitude shaping on a set of information bits for transmission. In some cases, these techniques may include considering the block length and the length of the shaping bits when constructing polar codes for probabilistic amplitude shaping. By considering the block length and the length of the shaping bits when constructing polar codes, a suitable value of N can be selected to reduce decoding complexity and latency, thereby reducing power and processing resource consumption at the receiver, and improving the user experience.

[0024] Introduction to wireless communication networks

[0025] The techniques and methods described herein can be used in various wireless communication networks. Although various aspects may be described herein using terms commonly associated with 3G, 4G and / or 5G wireless technologies, various aspects of the present disclosure may also be applicable to other communication systems and standards not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0026] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication network 100 is depicted in which various aspects described herein may be implemented.

[0027] In general, the wireless communication network 100 includes various network entities (alternatively, network elements or network nodes). A network entity is typically a communication device and / or a communication function performed by a communication device (e.g., user equipment (UE), base station (BS), component of a BS, server, etc.). For example, various functions of a network and various devices associated with and interacting with the network may be considered network entities. In addition, the wireless communication network 100 includes ground aspects, such as ground-based network entities (e.g., BS 102), and non-ground aspects, such as satellites 140 and aircraft 145, which may include airborne network entities (e.g., one or more BSs) capable of communicating with other network elements (e.g., ground BSs) and user equipment.

[0028] In the depicted example, the wireless communication network 100 includes a BS 102, a UE 104, and one or more core networks (such as an evolved packet core (EPC) 160 and a 5G core (5GC) network 190) that interoperate to provide communication services over various communication links (including wired and wireless links).

[0029] Figure 1 Various example UEs 104 are depicted, which may more generally include: a cellular phone, a smart phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player, a camera, a game console, a tablet computer, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Always-On (AON) device, an edge processing device, or other similar devices. UE 104 may also be more generally referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a remote device, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, and others.

[0030] BS 102 wirelessly communicates with (e.g., transmits signals to or receives signals from) UE 104 via communication link 120. Communication link 120 between BS 102 and UE 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as a reverse link) transmissions from UE 104 to BS 102 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as a forward link) transmissions from BS 102 to UE 104. In various aspects, communication link 120 may employ multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity.

[0031] BS 102 may generally include: NodeB, enhanced NodeB (eNB), next generation enhanced NodeB (ng-eNB), next generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), access point, base transceiver, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, transmission and reception point, and / or other. Each of BS 102 may provide communication coverage for a corresponding geographic coverage area 110, which may sometimes be referred to as a cell, and may overlap in some cases (e.g., a small cell 102' may have a coverage area 110' that overlaps with the coverage area 110 of a macro cell). For example, a BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell (covering a relatively large geographic area), a pico cell (covering a relatively small geographic area, such as a stadium), a femto cell (relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home)), and / or other types of cells.

[0032] Although BS102 is depicted as a single communication device in various aspects, BS102 can be implemented in various configurations. For example, one or more components of the base station may be decomposed, including a central unit (CU), one or more distributed units (DU), one or more radio units (RU), a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, to name a few examples. In another example, various aspects of the base station may be virtualized. More generally, a base station (e.g., BS102) may include components located at a single physical location or components located at various physical locations. In an example in which the base station includes components located at various physical locations, the various components may each perform a function so that the various components together implement functions similar to those of a base station located at a single physical location. In some aspects, a base station including components located at various physical locations may be referred to as a decomposed radio access network architecture (such as an open RAN (O-RAN) or virtualized RAN (VRAN) architecture). Figure 2 An example decomposed base station architecture is depicted and described.

[0033] Different BSs 102 within the wireless communication network 100 may also be configured to support different radio access technologies (such as 3G, 4G, and / or 5G). For example, a BS 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to as the Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 via a first backhaul link 132 (e.g., an S1 interface). A BS 102 configured for 5G (e.g., 5G NR or Next Generation RAN (NG-RAN)) may interface with the 5GC 190 via a second backhaul link 184. The BSs 102 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly (e.g., via the EPC 160 or the 5GC 190) over a third backhaul link 134 (e.g., an X2 interface), which may be wired or wireless.

[0034] The wireless communication network 100 may subdivide the electromagnetic spectrum into various categories, frequency bands, channels, or other characteristics. In some aspects, the subdivision is provided based on wavelength and frequency, where frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, subcarrier, channel, tone, or subband. For example, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 1 (FR1) as including 410 MHz-7125 MHz, which is often (interchangeably) referred to as "below 6 GHz". Similarly, 3GPP currently defines frequency range 2 (FR2) as including 24,250 MHz-52,600 MHz, which is sometimes (interchangeably) referred to as "millimeter wave" ("mmW" or "mmWave"). A base station (e.g., a mmWave base station such as BS180) configured to communicate using mmWave / near mmWave radio bands can utilize beamforming (e.g., 182) with a UE (e.g., 104) to improve path loss and range.

[0035] The communication link 120 between the BS 102 and, for example, the UE 104 may be through one or more carriers, which may have different bandwidths (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 MHz, 400 MHz, and / or other MHz) and may be aggregated in various aspects. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL ​​compared to UL).

[0036] Communications using higher frequency bands may have higher path loss and shorter range than communications at lower frequencies. Figure 1 180) may utilize beamforming 182 with UE 104 to improve path loss and range. For example, BS 180 and UE 104 may each include multiple antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. In some cases, BS 180 may send beamformed signals to UE 104 in one or more transmit directions 182'. UE 104 may receive beamformed signals from BS 180 in one or more receive directions 182". UE 104 may also send beamformed signals to BS 180 in one or more transmit directions 182". BS 180 may also receive beamformed signals from UE 104 in one or more receive directions 182'. BS 180 and UE 104 may then perform beam training to determine the best receive direction and transmit direction for each of BS 180 and UE 104. It is noteworthy that the transmit direction and receive direction of BS 180 may be the same or different. Similarly, the transmit direction and receive direction of UE 104 may be the same or different.

[0037] Wireless communication network 100 also includes Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 via communication links 154 in, for example, the 2.4 GHz and / or 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum.

[0038] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH), and / or a physical sidelink feedback channel (PSFCH).

[0039] The EPC 160 may include various functional components, including: a mobility management entity (MME) 162, other MMEs 164, a serving gateway 166, a multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) gateway 168, a broadcast multicast service center (BM-SC) 170, and / or a packet data network (PDN) gateway 172, such as in the depicted example. The MME 162 may communicate with a home subscriber server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 is a control node that handles signaling between the UE 104 and the EPC 160. In general, the MME 162 provides bearer and connection management.

[0040] Generally speaking, user Internet Protocol (IP) packets are delivered through the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation and other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 are connected to the IP Services 176, which may include, for example, the Internet, an Intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a Packet Switched (PS) streaming media service, and / or other IP services.

[0041] The BM-SC 170 may provide functionality for MBMS user service configuration and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serve as an entry point for content provider MBMS delivery, may be used to authorize and initiate MBMS bearer services within a public land mobile network (PLMN), and / or may be used to schedule MBMS delivery. The MBMS Gateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS services to BSs 102 belonging to a multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) area broadcasting a specific service, and / or may be responsible for session management (start / stop) and for collecting eMBMS related charging information.

[0042] 5GC 190 may include various functional components, including: access and mobility management function (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, session management function (SMF) 194, and user plane function (UPF) 195. AMF 192 may communicate with unified data management (UDM) 196.

[0043] AMF 192 is a control node that handles signaling between UE 104 and 5GC 190. AMF 192 provides, for example, Quality of Service (QoS) flow and session management.

[0044] Internet Protocol (IP) packets are delivered through UPF 195, which is connected to IP Services 197 and provides IP address allocation for UEs and other functions for 5GC 190. IP Services 197 may include, for example, the Internet, Intranet, IMS, PS streaming services, and / or other IP services.

[0045] In various aspects, a network entity or network node may be implemented as a converged base station, a decomposed base station, a component of a base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, to name a few examples.

[0046] Figure 2 An example disaggregated base station 200 architecture is depicted. The disaggregated base station 200 architecture may include one or more central units (CUs) 210 that may communicate directly with a core network 220 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 220 through one or more disaggregated base station units, such as a near real-time (near-RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 225 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC 215 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 205, or both. The CU 210 may communicate with one or more distributed units (DUs) 230 via respective midhaul links, such as an F1 interface. The DU 230 may communicate with one or more radio units (RUs) 240 via respective fronthaul links. The RU 240 may communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 240.

[0047] Each of the units (e.g., CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225, non-RT RIC 215, and SMO framework 205) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or send signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interface of the unit may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via a transmission medium. For example, the units may include a wired interface configured to receive or send signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally or alternatively, the unit may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as a radio frequency (RF) transceiver) configured to receive signals on a wireless transmission medium or send signals to one or more of the other units, or both.

[0048] In some aspects, CU 210 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU 210. CU 210 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (e.g., central unit-user plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (e.g., central unit-control plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some specific implementations, CU 210 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP unit may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface (such as an E1 interface). As needed, CU 210 may be implemented to communicate with DU 230 for network control and signaling.

[0049] DU 230 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 240. In some aspects, DU 230 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) at least in part according to a functional split such as those defined by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). In some aspects, DU 230 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU 230 or with control functions hosted by CU 210.

[0050] The lower layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 240. In some deployments, a RU 240 controlled by a DU 230 may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, based at least in part on a functional split (such as a lower layer functional split). In such an architecture, the RU 240 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communications with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control plane and user plane communications with the RU 240 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 230. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the implementation of the DU 230 and the CU 210 in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0051] The SMO framework 205 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 205 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 205 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 290) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 210, DU 230, RU 240, and near-RT RIC 225. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 205 may communicate with hardware aspects of the 4G RAN (such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 211) via the O1 interface. In addition, in some specific implementations, the SMO framework 205 may communicate directly with one or more RUs 240 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 205 may also include a non-RT RIC 215 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 205 .

[0052] The non-RT RIC 215 may be configured to include logic functions that enable non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the near-RT RIC 225. The non-RT RIC 215 may be coupled to or in communication with the near-RT RIC 225 (such as via an A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to include logic functions that enable near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface (such as via an E2 interface) that connects one or more CUs 210, one or more DUs 230, or both, and the O-eNB with the near-RT RIC 225.

[0053] In some implementations, in order to generate an AI / ML model to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 225, the non-RT RIC 215 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 225 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function at the SMO framework 205 or the non-RT RIC 215. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 215 or the near-RT RIC 225 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 215 may monitor long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO framework 205 (such as via reconfiguration of O1) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0054] Figure 3 Aspects of an example BS 102 and UE 104 are depicted.

[0055] In general, BS 102 includes various processors (e.g., 320, 330, 338, and 340), antennas 334a-334t (collectively 334), transceivers 332a-332t (collectively 332) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable wireless transmission of data (e.g., data source 312) and wireless reception of data (e.g., data sink 339). For example, BS 102 can transmit and receive data between BS 102 and UE 104. BS 102 includes a controller / processor 340 that can be configured to implement various functions described herein related to wireless communication.

[0056] In general, the UE 104 includes various processors (e.g., 358, 364, 366, and 380), antennas 352a-352r (collectively 352), transceivers 354a-354r (collectively 354) including modulators and demodulators, and other aspects that enable wireless transmission of data (e.g., retrieved from a data source 362) and wireless reception of data (e.g., provided to a data sink 360). The UE 104 includes a controller / processor 380 that can be configured to implement various functions described herein related to wireless communications.

[0057] Regarding example downlink transmissions, BS 102 includes a transmit processor 320 that can receive data from a data source 312 and control information from a controller / processor 340. The control information can be for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical HARQ indicator channel (PHICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), and / or others. In some examples, the data can be for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0058] The transmit processor 320 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmit processor 320 may also generate reference symbols (such as for a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), a PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)).

[0059] The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 330 may perform spatial processing (e.g., pre-coding) on ​​data symbols, control symbols, and / or reference symbols, where applicable, and may provide an output symbol stream to a modulator (MOD) in a transceiver 332a-332t. Each modulator in the transceiver 332a-332t may process a corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The downlink signals from the modulators in the transceivers 332a-332t may be transmitted via antennas 334a-334t, respectively.

[0060] To receive downlink transmissions, UE 104 includes antennas 352a-352r that can receive downlink signals from BS 102 and can provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) in transceivers 354a-354r, respectively. Each demodulator in transceivers 354a-354r can condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a corresponding received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator can further process the input samples to obtain received symbols.

[0061] A MIMO detector 356 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 354a-354r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor 358 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 104 to a data sink 360, and provide decoded control information to a controller / processor 380.

[0062] With respect to example uplink transmissions, the UE 104 also includes a transmit processor 364 that may receive and process data from a data source 362 (e.g., for a PUSCH) and control information from a controller / processor 380 (e.g., for a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). The transmit processor 364 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., for a sounding reference signal (SRS)). The symbols from the transmit processor 364 may be pre-decoded by a TX MIMO processor 366, if applicable, further processed by a modulator in the transceivers 354a-354r (e.g., for SC-FDM), and transmitted to the BS 102.

[0063] At BS 102, uplink signals from UE 104 may be received by antennas 334 a-334 t, processed by demodulators in transceivers 332 a-332 t, detected by MIMO detector 336 if applicable, and further processed by receive processor 338 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 104. Receive processor 338 may provide decoded data to data sink 339 and decoded control information to controller / processor 340.

[0064] Memories 342 and 382 may store data and program codes for BS 102 and UE 104, respectively.

[0065] The scheduler 344 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and / or uplink.

[0066] In various aspects, the BS 102 may be described as sending and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "sending" may refer to various mechanisms for outputting data, such as outputting data from a data source 312, a scheduler 344, a memory 342, a transmit processor 320, a controller / processor 340, a TX MIMO processor 330, a transceiver 332a-332t, an antenna 334a-334t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" may refer to various mechanisms for obtaining data, such as obtaining data from an antenna 334a-334t, a transceiver 332a-332t, a RX MIMO detector 336, a controller / processor 340, a receive processor 338, a scheduler 344, a memory 342, and / or other aspects described herein.

[0067] In various aspects, the UE 104 may also be described as sending and receiving various types of data associated with the methods described herein. In these contexts, "sending" may refer to various mechanisms for outputting data, such as outputting data from a data source 362, a memory 382, ​​a transmit processor 364, a controller / processor 380, a TX MIMO processor 366, a transceiver 354a-354t, an antenna 352a-352t, and / or other aspects described herein. Similarly, "receiving" may refer to various mechanisms for obtaining data, such as obtaining data from an antenna 352a-352t, a transceiver 354a-354t, a RX MIMO detector 356, a controller / processor 380, a receive processor 358, a memory 382, ​​and / or other aspects described herein.

[0068] In some aspects, the processor may be configured to perform various operations (such as those associated with the methods described herein) and send (output) data to or receive (obtain) data from another interface configured to send or receive data, respectively.

[0069] Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D Describes a method for use in a wireless communication network such as Figure 1 Various aspects of the data structure of the wireless communication network 100).

[0070] Specifically, Figure 4A is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G (e.g., 5G NR) frame structure, Figure 4B is a diagram 430 illustrating an example of a DL channel within a 5G subframe, Figure 4C is a diagram 450 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G frame structure, and Figure 4D FIG480 is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G subframe.

[0071] Wireless communication networks can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a Cyclic Prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. Such systems can also support half-duplex operation using Time Division Duplex (TDD). OFDM and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing (SC-FDM) can be used to maximize the system bandwidth (e.g., Figure 4B and Figure 4D The modulation symbols may be transmitted in the frequency domain using OFDM and / or in the time domain using SC-FDM.

[0072] The wireless communication frame structure may be frequency division duplex (FDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers, subframes within the subcarrier set are dedicated to either DL or UL. The wireless communication frame structure may also be time division duplex (TDD), where for a particular set of subcarriers, subframes within the subcarrier set are dedicated to both DL and UL.

[0073] exist Figure 4A and Figure 4C In the wireless communication frame structure, TDD is used, where D is DL, U is UL, and X is used flexibly between DL / UL. The UE can be configured with a time slot format (dynamically configured by DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through the received time slot format indicator (SFI). In the depicted example, the 10ms frame is divided into 10 equally sized 1ms subframes. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. In some examples, each time slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on the time slot format. The subframe may also include a micro-time slot, which generally has fewer symbols than the entire time slot. Other wireless communication technologies may have different frame structures and / or different channels.

[0074] In certain aspects, the number of slots within a subframe is based on the slot configuration and parameter set. For example, for slot configuration 0, different parameter sets (μ) 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots per subframe, respectively. For slot configuration 1, different parameter sets 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots per subframe, respectively. Thus, for slot configuration 0 and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbol length / duration are a function of the parameter set. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 μ × 15kHz, where μ is parameter set 0 to 5. Thus, parameter set μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15kHz, and parameter set μ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4D An example is provided for slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and parameter set μ=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs.

[0075] like Figure 4A , Figure 4B , Figure 4C and Figure 4DAs depicted in , a resource grid can be used to represent a frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also called a physical RB (PRB)) extending, for example, 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0076] like Figure 4A As illustrated, some REs carry Figure 1 and Figure 3 The RS may include a demodulation RS (DMRS) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and / or a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0077] Figure 4B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated.The Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more Control Channel Elements (CCEs), each CCE comprising, for example, nine RE Groups (REGs), each REG comprising, for example, four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol.

[0078] The primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be in symbol 2 of a particular subframe of a frame. The PSS is transmitted by a UE (e.g., Figure 1 and Figure 3 104) is used to determine subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identity.

[0079] A Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of a particular subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing.

[0080] Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the location of the aforementioned DMRS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the master information block (MIB) can be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block. The MIB provides the system frame number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information (such as system information blocks (SIBs)) that is not sent via the PBCH, and / or paging messages.

[0081] As in Figure 4CAs illustrated in , some REs carry DMRS for channel estimation at the base station (indicated as R for a specific configuration, but other DMRS configurations are possible). The UE may send DMRS for PUCCH and DMRS for PUSCH. The PUSCH DMRS may be sent, for example, in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DMRS may be sent in different configurations depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is sent and depending on the specific PUCCH format used. UE 104 may send a sounding reference signal (SRS). The SRS may be sent, for example, in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and the UE may send the SRS on one of the teeth of the comb. The SRS may be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to achieve frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0082] Figure 4D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH may be located at a position as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and HARQ ACK / NACK feedback. The PUSCH carries data and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0083] Introduction to Polar Codes

[0084] Polar codes are a relatively recent breakthrough in coding theory and have been shown to asymptotically achieve the Shannon capacity (for code sizes N approaching infinity). Polar codes have many desirable properties, such as deterministic construction (e.g., based on fast Hadamard transforms), very low and predictable error floor, and simple successive cancellation (SC) based decoding. They are currently considered as candidates for error correction in next generation wireless systems such as NR.

[0085] The polarization code is of length N = 2 n Linear block codes whose generator matrices are constructed using the matrix The nth Kronecker power is constructed, denoted as G n For example, Equation 1 shows the resulting generator matrix for n=3.

[0086]

[0087] According to certain aspects, a codeword may be generated (e.g., by encoder 706) by encoding a plurality of input bits consisting of K information bits and NK "frozen" bits using a generator matrix, which contain no information and are "frozen" to a known value, such as zero. For example, in the case of a plurality of input bits u=(u0,u 1, ...,u N-1 ), the resulting codeword vector x=(x0,x1,...,x N-1 ) can be generated by encoding the input bits using the generator matrix G. The resulting codeword can then be rate matched and sent by the base station over the wireless medium and received by the UE.

[0088] When decoding the received vector, for example by using a successive cancellation (SC) decoder (eg, decoder 816), it is assumed that bit u0 i-1 is correctly decoded, then each estimated bit has a predetermined error probability that tends to 0 or 0.5 for very large code sizes N. Furthermore, the fraction of estimated bits with low error probability tends to the capacity of the underlying channel. Polar codes exploit this phenomenon, known as channel polarization, by using the most reliable K bits to send information while setting the remaining (NK) bits to a predetermined value such as 0, also called freezing, as will be described below.

[0089] Polar codes transform this channel into N parallel "virtual" channels for N information and frozen bits. If C is the capacity of the channel, then for sufficiently large values ​​of N, there are almost N*C very reliable channels, and there are almost N(1–C) very unreliable channels. The basic polar coding scheme then involves freezing (i.e., setting to a known value, such as zero) the input bits in u that correspond to unreliable channels, while placing information bits only in the bits in u that correspond to reliable channels. For short to medium N, this polarization may not be complete in the sense that there may be several channels that are neither completely unreliable nor completely reliable (i.e., marginally reliable channels). Depending on the transmission rate, the bits corresponding to these marginally reliable channels may be frozen or used for information bits.

[0090] Introduction to Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping

[0091] Figure 5 A communication system employing Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping is shown. Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping (PAS) utilizes reverse concatenation, whereby shaping precedes FEC decoding.

[0092] The communication system 500 includes a wireless transmitter 501 and a wireless receiver 503. For example, an information source 502 may generate k information bits that are received by an amplitude shaper 504. The amplitude shaper 504 may generate a sequence of symbols (e.g., n symbols fixed to a fixed scheme or variable to a fixed scheme). symbols). A sequence of symbols (n symbols or Symbols) may be received by an amplitude to bit component 506 and then received by an FEC encoder 508 to produce a set of bits. In some examples, some bits are shaped while other bits are evenly distributed. After encoding, the bits are mapped by a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) mapping component 510, for example, to QAM symbols. The signal 511 (e.g., symbol) is then sent to a wireless receiver 503 via a wireless medium (e.g., via a channel 512).

[0093] At the wireless receiver 503, the signal 511 is received by a bit-by-bit log-likelihood ratio (LLR) demapper component 514 to demap the symbols of the signal 511. The demapped symbols are received by an FEC decoder 516 and then received by a bit-to-amplitude component 518 to decode the bits. The decoded bits are provided to an amplitude deshaper 520 to distribute (e.g., evenly distribute) the received bits, which can then be transmitted to their destination.

[0094] The amplitude shaper 504 may also be referred to as a distribution matcher or a specific implementation of a distribution matcher. In some aspects, the distribution matcher includes a decompressor (e.g., a decoder) to convert a sequence of information bits (u) into a set of symbols. The sequence of information bits (u) may be uniformly distributed. In an example, in 5G NR, the sequence of information bits may be uniformly distributed. The decompressor may generate a sequence of symbols based on a target probability mass function (PMF) (such as a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution) and a symbol block length (n). The sequence of symbols may be sent to a receiver for processing to determine the information sent.

[0095] The distribution matcher may also include a compressor (eg, an encoder) to convert the set of symbols into a sequence of compressed information bits. In a fixed-to-fixed scheme, the distribution matcher may include a comparator to compare the sequence of information bits (u) with the sequence of compressed information bits (u). A comparison is made to determine how many information bits have not been converted into a symbol set. In some examples, the distribution matcher may provide the output of the comparator to the receiver so that the receiver can determine how to process the symbol set. For example, based on a compressor at the receiver, the receiver may compress the symbol set to generate information bits based on the target PMF, which may result in extra bits. The receiver may use the output of the comparator (e.g., discard signaling) to determine how many bits to discard.

[0096] Alternatively, the distribution matcher may employ a variable to fixed scheme in which the decompressor is configured with a "backoff" limit. The backoff limit may limit the amount of information bits that the decompressor may convert into a set of symbols so that no extra bits are sent to the receiver for discarding. In addition, the variable to fixed scheme may limit the amount of overhead (e.g., compared to the fixed to fixed scheme) because no comparator is required, and therefore the distribution matcher may forgo sending discard signaling with information about the number of bits discarded at the receiver. In such examples, when the variable to fixed scheme is employed, the rate loss compared to the target entropy may be improved compared to when the fixed to fixed scheme is employed.

[0097] Aspects related to polar code construction and configuration for block code based shaping

[0098] As described above, probability amplitude shaping (PAS) involves using a distribution matcher (DM) to generate the amplitude of a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) symbol. Then, a subsequent system FEC encoder generates a flag for the PAM symbol based on the amplitude. In some cases, the goal of PAS is to minimize the average signal power of the transmitted signal. In some cases, in order to minimize the average signal power of the transmitted signal, the bit sequence of the transmitted signal may be modified. In some cases, modifying the bit sequence of the transmitted signal may involve applying a bit mask to the most significant bit (MSB) of the bit sequence to reduce the average signal power of the transmitted signal. For example, the bit level and symbol transmit power may have a certain relationship, wherein the first bit (e.g., b0) (excluding the flag bit) may control the transmit power of the symbol "s" of the transmitted signal (e.g., assuming Gray mapping), but not other bits. Thus, if bit b0 is transmitted with a bit value of 0 (zero), the transmit power associated with symbol “s” of the transmitted signal may be lower than with a bit value of 1 (one) (e.g., (“1”, “9”) vs. (“25”, “49”)), as shown in Table 1 below.

[0099] Table 1

[0100]

[0101] In some cases, in order to perform probability amplitude shaping and bit masking of certain bits of the transmitted signal, the transmitter may first identify a set of information bits for transmission. The transmitter may then use a shaping encoder to mask the set of information bits based on the sequence of shaping bits (K) to generate a sequence of shaped information bits. The transmitter may then encode the sequence of shaping bits and the sequence of shaped information bits to generate a set of coded bits. After encoding, the set of coded bits is mapped to, for example, a shaped sequence of symbols (e.g., QAM symbols) and sent to a receiver in the form of a signal over a wireless medium.

[0102] At the receiver, the signal is received by a bit-by-bit LLR demapper component configured to demap a sequence of symbols of the signal. In some cases, demapping the sequence of symbols may be based on symbol probabilities associated with QAM symbols. The sequence of demapped symbols may then be jointly decoded by an FEC decoder to obtain a sequence of shaped bits and a sequence of shaped information bits. The receiver may then re-encode the decoded shaped information bits to obtain a set of original information bits. Figure 6 Describe additional details of this process.

[0103] In some cases, the sequence of shaped bits can be generated by based on block codes such as polar codes. In 5G NR, polar codes have been used for channel decoding of control channel transmissions. Another good feature provided by polar codes is that they can achieve "rate distortion" bounds for lossy data compression. Therefore, in order to provide good data compression, it can be beneficial to use polar codes for bit-level shaping with block codes. As noted above, polar codes are linear block codes defined by (N, K), where N = 2 n and is the block length, and K is the shaping bit length. Therefore, when constructing a polar code and using the polar code for block code-based probability amplitude shaping, the block length N and the information bit length K may need to be considered. For example, in some cases, if too large N is used when constructing the polar code, polarization decoding at the receiver may be too complex and may take too long, resulting in increased consumption of processing resources and power consumption, and a poor user experience. In addition, because K controls the number of shaping bits used to perform probability amplitude shaping, selecting too low a number for K results in less shaping and poor shaping performance.

[0104] Thus, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for polar code construction and configuration for block code based shaping. More specifically, for example, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for constructing polar codes that can be used to perform probabilistic amplitude shaping on a set of information bits for transmission. Additionally, because symbol probabilities are considered when demapping / demodulating received symbols, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for indicating these symbol probabilities to a receiver device.

[0105] Figure 6 A communication system 600 is shown that includes a transmitter 602 and a receiver 604 that employs probabilistic amplitude shaping based on a block code such as a polar code. In some cases, the transmitter 602 may be an example of a network entity, such as a Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 as described or as regards Figure 2 In some cases, receiver 604 may be an example of user equipment, such as a Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104 is depicted. In other cases, transmitter 602 may be an example of UE 104, and receiver 604 may be an example of BS 102 or a decomposed BS.

[0106] As shown, the transmitter 602 may identify a set 606 of information bits for transmission. In some cases, the set 606 of information bits may be uniformly distributed and may correspond to a bit-level sequence of amplitude symbols u=u0, u1, u2, ..., u m-1 , where m is the log2 of the modulation order corresponding to 1-dimensional QAM. For example, assuming that 64-QAM is configured, each dimension is 8-PAM, and therefore the number of bits carried is m=log2(8)=3, and u=u0, u1, u2. The set of information bits 606 can be input to the LLR generator 608 of the transmitter 602. The LLR generator 608 is configured to generate a set of LLRs corresponding to the set of information bits 606, and to divide the set of LLRs into a plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on a shaping block length of the plurality of shaped blocks.

[0107] In some cases, the goal of probabilistic amplitude shaping is to generate a covering code that maximizes power savings after bit masking. Thus, LLR generator 608 can be configured to generate LLRs for set 606 of information bits based on how much power is saved by bit flipping. For example, assuming that (u0, u1) in sequence u of amplitude symbols corresponding to set 606 of information bits is equal to (1, 1), flip (e.g., mask) u0 so that The associated power change is "16". In these cases, the relative LLR may be labeled "16". Table 2 below shows an example of flipping u0 and the associated LLR and power savings.

[0108] Table 2

[0109]

[0110] In some cases, the partitioning of the LLRs into multiple shaping blocks may be based on one or more parameters. For example, the one or more parameters may include the number of shaping blocks (C s ), which can be defined as Where N re is the number of resource elements (REs) available for sending the set 606 of information bits, and N smax is the maximum integer block length. In some cases, N smax It can be a fixed value in the wireless communication standard, such as 512 (for example, 2 9 ). Integer block length (N S ) can be defined as If the LLR length N LLR Or input symbol length N in (For example, it can be defined as N LLR =N in =2N re ) is greater than the length of the integer block (N s ), multiple shaping blocks can be obtained through segmentation. In some cases, segmenting the LLR into multiple shaping blocks may depend on the subband through which the set of information bits is to be transmitted, and may be different for different subbands.

[0111] Once the set of LLRs has been partitioned into a plurality of shaped blocks, the plurality of shaped blocks may be transmitted to a channel decoder 610. The channel decoder 610 is configured to decode the plurality of shaped blocks using the polar code to obtain a sequence 612(s) of shaped bits. In some cases, the channel decoder 610 may be configured to decode the plurality of shaped blocks using the polar code to obtain a sequence 612(s) of shaped bits. s ) to decode multiple integer blocks, the integer bit rate can be defined as R s =K s / N s , where K s is the size of the shaping bit 612(s). In some cases, the shaping code rate (R s ) may depend on the subband over which the set of information bits is to be transmitted, and may be different for different subbands. In some cases, the polar code may depend on the shaping code rate R s and the length of the integer block N sMore specifically, for example, the generator matrix (G) for polar codes may be based on the shaping code rate R s and the length of the integer block N s In some cases, the polarization code may use a 5G NR polarization sequence, or may use a polarization weight (PW) sequence.

[0112] In some cases, the integer block length (N S ) should be as large as possible, because a large shaping block length will asymptotically achieve the “rate-distortion bound”. However, a larger shaping block length may create problems for polar code decoding, such as regarding the decoding complexity (N S *log2(N S )) and delay issues. Regarding the size of the shaping bit 612 (for example, K s ), big K s The value gives better shaping performance, but increases the overhead and reduces the amount of useful data that can be sent. s There is a tradeoff with overall performance, which may be similar to distribution matching (DM) targeting a specific distribution (e.g., constant composition distribution matching) or targeting minimum transmit power (e.g., spherical shaping). Thus, the number of shaping bits (K) is limited based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the wireless channel (e.g., wireless channel 626) through which the set of information bits are to be transmitted. s ) can be advantageous.

[0113] After being generated, the sequence of shaped bits 612 may be input into a channel encoder 614. The channel encoder 614 may be configured to (re)encode the sequence of shaped bits 612 using a polar code according to a shaping code rate to obtain a shaped codeword (v). For example, to obtain the shaped codeword v, the channel encoder 614 may multiply the sequence of shaped bits 612 (s) by a generator matrix (G) of the polar code according to v=s×G. The bit mask component 616 of the transmitter 602 may then be configured to perform a shaping operation on a subset of the set 606 of information bits to generate a sequence 618 of shaped information bits. As described above, the goal of shaping is to maximize power savings. Therefore, in order to maximize power savings, the bit mask component 616 may be configured to apply the shaped codeword to the bit level of the amplitude symbol that has the highest impact on the signal power (e.g., the MSB of u0). For example, the bit mask component 616 may perform a shaping operation on the MSB and, according to To apply the integer codeword v, where Denotes element-wise modulo-2 addition. In some cases, the shaping operation performed may depend on the subband over which the set of information bits are to be transmitted, and may be different for different subbands.

[0114] After performing the shaping operation, the sequence 618 of shaped information bits (e.g., ), the remaining non-shaped subset of the set of information bits (e.g., u1, u2, ...), and the sequence 612(s) of shaped bits may be input to the system FEC encoder 620. The FEC encoder 620 may then use the FEC code rate to encode the sequence 618 of shaped information bits (e.g., ), a subset of the remaining non-shaped information bits (e.g., u1, u2, ...) of the set of information bits 622, and a sequence of shaped bits 612 (s) are encoded to obtain a set of coded bits in a plurality of shaped blocks. In some cases, the FEC code rate may be specified by a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), which may be indicated using an MCS table.

[0115] After encoding, the set of coded bits in the plurality of shaped blocks may be transmitted to a bit to symbol mapper 624. The bit to symbol mapper 624 is configured to map the coded bits to symbols (QAM symbols) to generate a sequence of shaped symbols from or based on the sequence of shaped bits. The sequence of shaped symbols may then be transmitted to the receiver 604 via a wireless channel 626.

[0116] At the receiver 604, the sequence of shaped symbols may be received by a symbol-to-bit demapper 627, which is configured to demap the sequence of shaped symbols to generate a sequence of bit-level LLRs corresponding to the set of coded bits. In some cases, demapping the sequence of symbols may be based on symbol probabilities associated with the sequence of shaped symbols. For example, in some cases, the receiver 604 may receive the sequence of shaped symbols and may use the symbol probabilities to perform maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) demodulation to convert the received sequence of symbols into bit-level LLRs of the set of coded bits.

[0117] The bit-level LLRs corresponding to the set of coded bits may then be jointly decoded by the FEC decoder 628 to obtain a sequence of shaped bits 630 (e.g., the sequence of shaped bits 612 generated by the transmitter 602) and a sequence of information bits 632. The sequence of information bits may include a sequence of shaped information bits (e.g., the sequence of shaped information bits 618) and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits (e.g., the subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits 622).

[0118] The sequence of shaped bits 630 may then be input into a channel encoder 634. The channel encoder 634 may be configured to encode the sequence of shaped bits 630 according to a shaping code rate (eg, using a polar code) to generate a deshaped codeword.

[0119] The deshaping codeword and the sequence of information bits 632 may then be input into a bit mask component 636. The bit mask component 636 may be configured to perform a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits in the sequence of information bits 632. For example, in some cases, the bit mask component 636 may apply the deshaping codeword to the sequence of shaped information bits to deshape the sequence of shaped information bits and obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits. The receiver 604 may then concatenate the sequence of deshaped information bits with the remaining subset of non-shaped information bits to obtain a set 638 of information bits corresponding to the set 606 of information bits of the transmitter 602.

[0120] As described above, the symbol-to-bit demapper 627 of the receiver 604 may demap the sequence of symbols received from the transmitter 602 based on the symbol probabilities. In addition, in order to correctly decode the bit-level LLRs corresponding to the set of coded bits, the FEC decoder 628 of the receiver 604 may need to use the same sequence 618 (e.g., ), a subset of the remaining non-shaped information bits (e.g., u1, u2, ...) of the set of information bits 622, and the sequence of shaped bits 612 (s) are encoded with the same FEC code rate to decode the bit-level LLRs. In addition, in order to correctly perform the deshaping operation, the channel encoder 634 of the receiver 604 may need to encode the sequence of shaped bits 630 using the same shaping code rate as the shaping code rate used by the channel decoder 610 of the transmitter 602. Therefore, aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for indicating symbol probabilities, MCS, and shaping code rates to the receiver 604, as explained below.

[0121] Regarding symbol probabilities, the distribution or probability of symbols can be implicitly associated with the shaping code configuration. For example, 64QAM has 8 symbols in each dimension and 4 symbols on the positive side. Thus, the probability of symbol |s| = (1, 3, 5, 7) is equal to (α, β, γ, 1-(α+β+γ)), where α, β, γ and N s , K s or R s or any combination thereof. Therefore, the symbol probability can be obtained by using N s , K s or R s The MCS index value may be pre-calculated by numerical simulation of different combinations of and may therefore be predetermined or associated with the MCS. For example, as shown in Table 3 below, an MCS table associating an MCS index value with a specific modulation order, FEC code rate, shaping code rate, and symbol probability may be defined.

[0122] Table 3

[0123] MCS Index Degree FEC code rate Integer Bit Rate Symbol Probability 8 64 3 / 4 3 / 8 [0.5,0.3,0.2] 9 64 3 / 4 2 / 8 [0.45,0.3,0.25] 10 64 4 / 5 2 / 8 [0.5,0.3,0.2] 11 256 4 / 5 4 / 8 [0.4,0.3,0.2,0.1]

[0124] Therefore, in some cases, the transmitter 602 may send configuration information indicating an MCS index value associated with a sequence of symbols (e.g., including a set of coded bits) to the receiver 604. The MCS index value corresponds to an entry in an MCS lookup table, as shown in Table 3, which indicates a modulation order, FEC code rate, and shaping code rate associated with a set of coded bits.

[0125] In some cases, because each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols sent to the receiver 604 is associated with a corresponding symbol probability, the transmitter 602 may also provide an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities to the receiver 604. In some cases, the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities may be provided by an MCS index value sent by the transmitter 602 to the receiver 604. For example, as shown in Table 3, the entry corresponding to the MCS index value in the MCS lookup table also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities. In some cases, the MCS lookup table may be fixed in the wireless communication standard. In these cases, the MCS lookup table specified in the wireless communication standard may include, for each MCS entry / index, an indication of the modulation order, the FEC encoder rate, the shaping code rate, and the symbol probability after shaping, as shown above in Table 3.

[0126] In some cases, different vendors may have different shaping capabilities. For example, each vendor may use a different algorithm for polar decoding, which may result in different shaping performance. Therefore, it is not possible to indicate the symbol probabilities in an MCS lookup table common to all vendors because each vendor may have different shaping performance, resulting in different symbol probabilities between vendors. Therefore, in some cases, providing an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes: sending one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages including the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0127] In these cases, the MCS lookup table may be partially fixed in the wireless communication standard. For example, in these cases, for each MCS entry / index, the MCS lookup table may include an indication of the modulation order, FEC encoder rate, and shaping code rate. The shaping probability may then be provided for each entry in the MCS lookup table via RRC signaling. In some cases, it may be desirable to signal only the shaping probabilities for modulation orders of 16QAM and above in RRC signaling.

[0128] As mentioned above, the parameter N can be used when partitioning the set of LLRs into multiple integer blocks. smax In some cases, N may be larger for downlink transmissions (e.g., when transmitter 602 is a network entity such as BS 102) than for uplink transmissions (e.g., when transmitter 602 is a user equipment such as UE 104). smax can be different. For example, in some cases, N smax For downlink transmission, it can be fixed to 512, and N smax For uplink transmissions, it can be fixed to 256. In some cases, N smax Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling may be used to configure. For example, in some cases, a wireless communication standard may specify multiple N smax (e.g., 128, 256, 512, etc.), and RRC signaling can be used to indicate which value N to use smax For example, in some cases, transmitter 602 may send RRC signaling to receiver 604 to indicate N associated with the sequence of shaped symbols. smax In some cases, when the transmitter 602 comprises a network entity (eg, BS 102) and the receiver comprises a user equipment (eg, UE 104), the transmitter 602 may indicate N smax , so that the receiver 604 (e.g., UE 104) uses the processed information to send to the transmitter 602 (e.g., BS 102).

[0129] In some cases, rate matching (e.g., repetition, shortening, puncturing) is performed when polar codes are used. However, when polar codes are used for shaping, only shortening or puncturing may be used, and repetition may not be used. In some cases, when the shaping block length (N s ) is greater than the first power of 2 (for example, 2 m ), truncation or shortening may not be suitable for constructing a better shaped sequence of symbols. Thus, an alternative method may include skipping certain symbols when performing the above-mentioned shaping operation. An example of skipping symbols when performing the shaping operation is shown below in Table 4. For example, as shown in Table 4, symbols 0-2 of the bit sequence u1 can be shaped (e.g., indicated by bold and underline), while symbol 3 of the bit sequence u1 can be skipped. Additional details about this symbol skipping are explained below.

[0130]

[0131] As described above, the shaping operation (e.g., bit masking) may be performed on the MSB of the symbol. Therefore, shaping the "symbol" may be considered equivalent to shaping the MSB. Therefore, with respect to skipping certain symbols when performing the shaping operation, if 2 m<N s <2 m (1+δ), where m is the maximum value supporting 0<δ<1, then N s =2 m , and the number of integer blocks of integer symbols is Then the remaining subset of unshaped information bits is N in -C s N s .

[0132] In other words, when the integer block length of the plurality of integer blocks is greater than the first power of 2 but less than the second power of 2 (e.g., 2 m <N s <2 m (1+δ)), the integer block length (N s ) can be reduced to the first power of 2 (e.g., 2 m Although reducing the shaping block length may reduce some shaping performance, the reduction of the shaping block length may simplify the construction of shaping codewords by the channel encoder 614 of the transmitter 602.

[0133] Example operation of sending device

[0134] Figure 7 An example of a method 700 for wireless communication by a transmitting device is shown. In some aspects, the transmitting device is a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 In some aspects, the transmitting device is a UE, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104.

[0135] Method 700 begins at step 705, where a set of information bits for transmission is identified. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig. 9 The described circuit for identifying and / or code for identifying may be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0136] Then, method 700 proceeds to step 710, where a set of LLRs corresponding to a set of information bits is generated. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig. 9 The described circuit for generating and / or code for generating, or can be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0137] Then, method 700 proceeds to step 715, where the set of LLRs is partitioned into a plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on the shaped block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig. 9 The described circuit for segmentation and / or code for segmentation, or can be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0138] Then, the method 700 proceeds to step 720, where the plurality of shaped blocks are decoded using a polar code according to the shaping code rate to obtain a sequence of shaping bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaping code rate and the shaping block length. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig. 9 The described circuit for decoding and / or code for decoding may be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0139] Then, method 700 proceeds to step 725, where a sequence of shaped symbols is generated from the sequence of shaped bits. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Fig. 9 The described circuit for generating and / or code for generating, or can be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0140] Then, method 700 proceeds to step 730, where the sequence of shaped symbols is sent to the receiving device. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Fig. 9 The described circuits for transmitting and / or codes for transmitting, or executable by the circuits and / or the codes.

[0141] In some aspects, generating the sequence of shaped symbols includes: encoding a sequence of shaped bits using a polar code according to a shaped code rate to obtain a shaped codeword; performing a shaping operation on a subset of a set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped information bits; encoding the sequence of shaped information bits, the sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits using an FEC code rate to generate a set of coded bits in a plurality of shaped blocks; generating the sequence of shaped symbols based on the set of coded bits and the plurality of shaped blocks.

[0142] In some aspects, method 700 further includes sending configuration information to a receiving device, the configuration information indicating an MCS index value associated with a set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: a modulation order, a FEC code rate, a shaping code rate. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to as described in reference Fig. 9 The described circuits for transmitting and / or codes for transmitting, or executable by the circuits and / or the codes.

[0143] In some aspects, each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability.

[0144] In some aspects, method 700 further includes providing an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities to a receiving device. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Fig. 9 The described circuits for providing and / or the codes for providing, or can be executed by the circuits and / or the codes.

[0145] In some aspects, providing an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes sending an MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits to a receiving device, and the entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0146] In some aspects, providing an indication of each of the respective symbol probabilities comprises sending one or more RRC messages including the indication of each of the respective symbol probabilities.

[0147] In some aspects, method 700 further includes: when the integer block length of the plurality of integer blocks is greater than the first power of the integer 2 but less than the second power of the integer 2, reducing the integer block length of the plurality of integer blocks to the first power of the integer 2. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Fig. 9 The described circuit for reducing and / or code for reducing, or executable by the circuit and / or the code.

[0148] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes: skipping performing a shaping operation on one or more information bits in the subset of the set of information bits based on the reduced shaping block length of the plurality of shaping blocks. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig. 9 The described circuit for skipping and / or code for skipping, or may be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0149] In some aspects, the shaping operation performed depends on the subband over which the set of information bits are to be transmitted.

[0150] In some aspects, partitioning the set of LLRs into a plurality of shaped blocks is further based on: a maximum shaped block length of the plurality of shaped blocks, a number of resource elements available for sending the set of coded bits, and a number of shaped blocks in the plurality of shaped blocks.

[0151] In some aspects, the maximum shaping block length is fixed in the standard document and is different for uplink transmissions than for downlink transmissions.

[0152] In some aspects, the method 700 further includes sending an RRC message indicating the maximum shaping block length to the receiving device. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the following Fig. 9 The described circuits for transmitting and / or codes for transmitting, or executable by the circuits and / or the codes.

[0153] In some aspects, the shaping code rate depends on the subband over which the set of information bits are transmitted and is different for different subbands.

[0154] In one aspect, method 700 or any aspect related thereto may be performed by an apparatus such as Fig. 9 The method 700 is performed by a communication device 900 that includes various components operable, configured or adapted to perform the method 700. The communication device 900 is described in more detail below.

[0155] Please note that Figure 7 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative steps may also be consistent with the present disclosure.

[0156] Example Operation of a Receiving Device

[0157] Figure 8 An example of a method 800 for wireless communication by a receiving device is shown. In some aspects, the receiving device is a UE, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104. In some aspects, the receiving device is a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 The decomposed base station in question.

[0158] Method 800 begins at step 805, where a sequence of shaped symbols corresponding to a sequence of bit-level log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) is received from a transmitting device. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig.10 The described circuits for receiving and / or codes for receiving may be or may be executed by the circuits and / or codes.

[0159] Then, the method 800 proceeds to step 810, where the sequence of shaped symbols is converted into a sequence of bit-level LLRs. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation of Fig.10 The described circuit for converting and / or code for converting may be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0160] Then, the method 800 proceeds to step 815, where the sequence of bit-level LLRs is decoded using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped information bits of a set of information bits, a sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to as described in reference Fig.10 The described circuit for decoding and / or code for decoding may be performed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0161] Then, the method 800 proceeds to step 825, where a deshaping operation is performed on the sequence of shaped information bits using the shaped code rate based on the sequence of shaped bits to obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig.10 Circuits for performing and / or code for performing are described, or can be performed by such circuits and / or such code.

[0162] Then, method 800 proceeds to step 830, where the sequence of deshaped information bits is concatenated with the remaining subset of non-shaped information bits to obtain a set of information bits. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to the operation described in reference to Fig.10 The described circuit for cascading and / or code for cascading, or can be executed by the circuit and / or the code.

[0163] In some aspects, performing a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits includes encoding the sequence of shaped bits using a polar code and a shaped code rate to generate a deshaping codeword, and applying the deshaping codeword to the sequence of shaped information bits to deshape the sequence of shaped information bits and obtain the sequence of deshaped information bits.

[0164] In some aspects, the method 800 further includes receiving configuration information from the transmitting device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with the set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: a modulation order, a FEC code rate, and a shaping code rate. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to as described in reference Fig.10 The described circuits for receiving and / or codes for receiving may be or may be executed by the circuits and / or codes.

[0165] In some aspects, each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability. In some aspects, converting the sequence of shaped symbols into a sequence of bit-level LLRs is based on the corresponding symbol probability of each shaped symbol.

[0166] In some aspects, method 800 further includes receiving an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities from the transmitting device. In some cases, the operation of this step refers to as described in reference to Fig.10 The described circuits for receiving and / or codes for receiving may be or may be executed by the circuits and / or codes.

[0167] In some aspects, receiving an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes receiving an MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits from the transmitting device. In some aspects, an entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0168] In some aspects, receiving an indication of each of the respective symbol probabilities comprises receiving one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages including an indication of each of the respective symbol probabilities.

[0169] In some aspects, the shaping code rate depends on the subband over which the set of information bits are transmitted and is different for different subbands.

[0170] In one aspect, method 800 or any aspect related thereto may be performed by an apparatus such as Fig.10 The method 800 is performed by a communication device 1000 that includes various components operable, configured or adapted to perform the method 800. The communication device 1000 is described in more detail below.

[0171] Please note that Figure 8 This is merely one example of a method, and other methods including fewer, additional, or alternative steps may also be consistent with the present disclosure.

[0172] Example Communication Device

[0173] Fig. 9 Aspects of an example communications device 900 are depicted. In some aspects, communications device 900 is a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 In some examples, the communication device 900 is a user equipment, such as the one described above with respect to Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104 is described.

[0174] The communication device 900 includes a processing system 905 coupled to a transceiver 990 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). In some aspects (e.g., when the communication device 900 is a network entity), the processing system 905 can be coupled to a network interface 994 that is configured to communicate with the communication device 900 via a communication link (e.g., as described herein such as with respect to Figure 2 The transceiver 990 is configured to transmit and receive signals for the communication device 900 via the antenna 992, such as the various signals described herein. The processing system 905 may be configured to perform processing functions of the communication device 900, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 900.

[0175] The processing system 905 includes one or more processors 910. In various aspects, such as with respect to Figure 3 As depicted, the one or more processors 910 may represent one or more of the receive processor 358, the transmit processor 364, the TX MIMO processor 366, and / or the controller / processor 380. In various aspects, as described with respect to Figure 3 As described, the one or more processors 910 may represent one or more of the receive processor 338, the transmit processor 320, the TX MIMO processor 330, and / or the controller / processor 340. The one or more processors 910 are coupled to the computer-readable medium / memory 955 via the bus 988. In certain aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 955 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the one or more processors 910, cause the one or more processors 910 to perform operations related to the processing of the computer-readable medium / memory 955. Figure 7 The method 700 or any aspect related thereto is described. Note that references to a processor performing a function of the communication device 900 may include one or more processors 910 performing that function of the communication device 900.

[0176] In the depicted example, the computer-readable medium / memory 955 stores codes (e.g., executable instructions) such as code for identifying 960, code for generating 965, code for segmenting 970, code for decoding 975, code for sending 980, code for providing 982, code for reducing 984, code for skipping 986, code for encoding 987, and code for executing 989. Processing of the code for identifying 960, code for generating 965, code for segmenting 970, code for decoding 975, code for sending 980, code for providing 982, code for reducing 984, code for skipping 986, code for encoding 987, and code for executing 989 may cause the communication device 900 to perform operations related to the communication device 900. Figure 7 The described method 700 or any aspect related thereto.

[0177] The one or more processors 910 include circuits configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 955, including circuits such as circuits for identifying 915, circuits for generating 920, circuits for segmenting 925, circuits for decoding 930, circuits for transmitting 935, circuits for providing 940, circuits for reducing 945, circuits for skipping 950, circuits for encoding 951, and circuits for executing 952. Processing using the circuits for identifying 915, generating 920, segmenting 925, decoding 930, transmitting 935, providing 940, reducing 945, skipping 950, encoding 951, and executing 952 may cause the communication device 900 to perform operations related to the communication device 900. Figure 7 The described method 700 or any aspect related thereto.

[0178] The various components of the communication device 900 may provide for performing Figure 7 The components of the described method 700 or any aspect related thereto. For example, the components for sending, transmitting, or outputting for sending may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 are shown. Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of the BS 102 are shown, and / or Fig. 9 The communication device 900 is shown with a transceiver 990 and an antenna 992. Components for receiving or obtaining may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 are shown. Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of BS 102, and / or Fig. 9 The communication device 900 is shown with a transceiver 990 and an antenna 992 .

[0179] Fig.10 Aspects of an example communications device 1000 are depicted. In some examples, communications device 1000 is a user equipment (UE), such as described above with respect to Figure 1 and Figure 3 UE 104 is described. In some aspects, communication device 1000 is a network entity such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 BS102 or such Figure 2 The decomposed base station in question.

[0180] The communication device 1000 includes a processing system 1005 coupled to a transceiver 1082 (e.g., a transmitter and / or a receiver). In some aspects (e.g., when the communication device 1000 is a network entity), the processing system 1005 can be coupled to a network interface 1086 that is configured to communicate with the communication device 1000 via a communication link (e.g., as described herein such as with respect to Figure 2 The processing system 1005 may be configured to perform processing functions of the communication device 1000, including processing signals received and / or to be transmitted by the communication device 1000.

[0181] The processing system 1005 includes one or more processors 1010. In various aspects, such as with respect to Figure 3 As depicted, the one or more processors 1010 may represent one or more of the receive processor 358, the transmit processor 364, the TX MIMO processor 366, and / or the controller / processor 380. In various aspects, as described with respect to Figure 3 As described, the one or more processors 1010 may represent one or more of the receive processor 338, the transmit processor 320, the TX MIMO processor 330, and / or the controller / processor 340. The one or more processors 1010 are coupled to the computer-readable medium / memory 1045 via the bus 1080. In some aspects, the computer-readable medium / memory 1045 is configured to store instructions (e.g., computer-executable code) that, when executed by the one or more processors 1010, cause the one or more processors 1010 to perform operations with respect to the computer-readable medium / memory 1045. Figure 8 The method 800 or any aspect related thereto. Note that references to a processor performing a function of the communication device 1000 may include one or more processors 1010 performing the function of the communication device 1000.

[0182] In the depicted example, computer-readable medium / memory 1045 stores code (e.g., executable instructions), such as code for receiving 1050, code for converting 1055, code for decoding 1065, code for executing 1070, code for concatenating 1075, code for encoding 1076, and code for applying 1077. Processing of code for receiving 1050, code for converting 1055, code for decoding 1065, code for executing 1070, code for concatenating 1075, code for encoding 1076, and code for applying 1077 may enable communication device 1000 to perform operations related to Figure 8The described method 800 or any aspect related thereto.

[0183] The one or more processors 1010 include circuits configured to implement (e.g., execute) code stored in the computer-readable medium / memory 1045, including circuits such as circuits for receiving 1015, circuits for converting 1020, circuits for demapping 1025, circuits for decoding 1030, circuits for executing 1035, circuits for concatenating 1040, circuits for encoding 1041, and circuits for applying 1042. Processing using the circuits for receiving 1015, circuits for converting 1020, circuits for demapping 1025, circuits for decoding 1030, circuits for executing 1035, circuits for concatenating 1040, circuits for encoding 1041, and circuits for applying 1042 may enable the communication device 1000 to perform operations related to the communication. Figure 8 The described method 800 or any aspect related thereto.

[0184] The various components of the communication device 1000 may be provided for performing Figure 8 The components of the described method 800 or any aspect related thereto. For example, the components for sending, transmitting, or outputting for sending may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 are shown. Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of the BS 102 are shown, and / or Fig.10 The communication device 1000 is shown with a transceiver 1082 and an antenna 1084. Components for receiving or obtaining may include Figure 3 The transceiver 354 and / or antenna 352 of the UE 104 are shown. Figure 3 The transceiver 332 and / or antenna 334 of BS 102, and / or Fig.10 The communication device 1000 is shown with a transceiver 1082 and an antenna 1084 .

[0185] Sample Clauses

[0186] Specific implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

[0187] Clause 1: A method for wireless communication by a transmitting device, the method comprising: identifying a set of information bits for transmission; generating a set of LLRs corresponding to the set of information bits; partitioning the set of LLRs into a plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on a shaped block length of the plurality of shaped blocks; decoding the plurality of shaped blocks using a polar code according to a shaped code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaped code rate and the shaped block length; generating a sequence of shaped symbols from the sequence of shaped bits; and transmitting the sequence of shaped symbols to a receiving device.

[0188] Clause 2: A method according to clause 1, wherein generating the sequence of shaped symbols comprises: encoding the sequence of shaped bits using the polar code according to the shaping code rate to obtain a shaped codeword; performing a shaping operation on a subset of the set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped information bits; encoding the sequence of shaped information bits, the sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits using an FEC code rate to generate a set of coded bits in the multiple shaped blocks; generating the sequence of shaped symbols based on the set of coded bits and the multiple shaped blocks.

[0189] Clause 3: According to the method described in Clause 2, the method also includes: sending configuration information to the receiving device, the configuration information indicating an MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, and the entry indicating: the modulation order, the FEC code rate, and the shaping code rate.

[0190] Clause 4: The method of clause 3, wherein each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability.

[0191] Clause 5: The method of clause 4, further comprising providing an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities to the receiving device.

[0192] Clause 6: A method according to clause 5, wherein: providing the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes sending the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits to the receiving device, and the entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0193] Clause 7: A method as described in clause 5, wherein providing the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes: sending one or more RRC messages including the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0194] Clause 8: According to the method described in any one of clauses 2 to 7, the method further includes: when the shaping block length of the plurality of shaping blocks is greater than the first power of the integer 2 but less than the second power of the integer 2, reducing the shaping block length of the plurality of shaping blocks to the first power of the integer 2.

[0195] Clause 9: The method of clause 8, further comprising: skipping performing the shaping operation on one or more information bits in the subset of the set of information bits based on the reduced shaping block length of the plurality of shaping blocks.

[0196] Clause 10: A method according to any one of clauses 2 to 10, wherein partitioning the set of LLRs into the multiple shaping blocks is also based on: the maximum shaping block length of the multiple shaping blocks can be used to send the number of resource elements of the set of coded bits and the number of shaping blocks in the multiple shaping blocks.

[0197] Clause 11: A method according to clause 10, wherein the maximum shaping block length is fixed in a standard document and is different for uplink transmissions than for downlink transmissions.

[0198] Clause 12: The method of clause 10, further comprising: sending an RRC message indicating the maximum shaping block length to the receiving device.

[0199] Clause 13: A method according to any of clauses 1 to 12, wherein performing the shaping operation depends on the sub-band over which the set of information bits are to be transmitted.

[0200] Clause 14: A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 13, wherein the shaping code rate depends on the sub-band through which the set of information bits are to be transmitted and is different for different sub-bands.

[0201] Item 15: A method for wireless communication by a receiving device, the method comprising: receiving a sequence of shaped symbols corresponding to a sequence of bit-level log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) from a transmitting device; converting the sequence of shaped symbols into a sequence of bit-level LLRs; decoding the sequence of bit-level LLRs using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped information bits of a set of information bits, a sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits; performing a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits using a shaped code rate based on the sequence of shaped bits to obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits; and concatenating the sequence of deshaped information bits with the subset of remaining non-shaped information bits to obtain the set of information bits.

[0202] Clause 16: A method according to clause 15, wherein performing the deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits comprises: encoding the sequence of shaped bits using a polar code and the shaping code rate to generate a deshaping codeword; and applying the deshaping codeword to the sequence of shaped information bits to deshape the sequence of shaped information bits and obtain the sequence of deshaped information bits.

[0203] Clause 17: According to the method described in Clause 16, the method also includes receiving configuration information from the transmitting device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with a set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: the modulation order; the FEC code rate; and the shaping code rate.

[0204] Clause 18: A method according to clause 17, wherein: each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability, and converting the sequence of shaped symbols into the sequence of bit-level LLRs is based on the corresponding symbol probability of each shaped symbol.

[0205] Clause 19: The method of clause 18, further comprising receiving an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities from the transmitting device.

[0206] Clause 20: A method according to clause 19, wherein: receiving the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes receiving the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits from the transmitting device, and the entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0207] Clause 21: A method according to clause 19, wherein receiving the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities includes: receiving one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages including the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

[0208] Clause 22: A method according to any one of clauses 15 to 21, wherein the shaping code rate depends on the sub-band through which the set of information bits is transmitted and is different for different sub-bands.

[0209] Clause 23: An apparatus comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 22.

[0210] Clause 24: An apparatus comprising means for performing the method of any of clauses 1 to 22.

[0211] Clause 25: A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising executable instructions which, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of clauses 1 to 22.

[0212] Clause 26: A computer program product embodied on a computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium comprising code for performing the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 22.

[0213] Additional considerations

[0214] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. The examples discussed herein do not limit the scope, applicability or aspects set forth in the claims. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be changed. Various examples may omit, replace or add various processes or components as appropriate. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order from the described order, and various actions may be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein may be used to implement a device or practice method. In addition, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover such devices or methods practiced using other structures, functionality, or structures and functionality other than the various aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein or different from the various aspects of the present disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0215] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with the present disclosure may be implemented or executed using a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. Although a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, in an alternative, the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, a system on a chip (SoC), or any other such configuration.

[0216] As used herein, a phrase referring to "at least one of" a list of items refers to any combination of those items (including single members). As an example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to cover: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiple identical elements (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0217] As used herein, the term "determining" encompasses a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, a database, or another data structure), ascertaining, and the like. Additionally, "determining" may include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), and the like. Additionally, "determining" may include resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and the like.

[0218] The method disclosed herein includes one or more actions for implementing the method. The method actions can be interchangeable with each other without departing from the scope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of actions is specified, the order and / or use of specific actions can be modified without departing from the scope of the claims. In addition, the various operations of the method described above can be performed by any suitable component capable of performing the corresponding function. The component may include various hardware and / or software components and / or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) or processors.

[0219] The following claims are not intended to be limited to the various aspects shown herein, but should be given the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. Within the claims, unless explicitly stated, reference to an element in the singular form is not intended to mean "one and only one", but "one or more". Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. Any claim element is not interpreted according to the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112 (f) unless the element is explicitly stated using the phrase "parts for...". All structural and functional equivalents of the elements throughout the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known or will be known later to a person of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be covered by the claims. In addition, regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly stated in the claims, anything disclosed herein is not intended to be disclosed to the public.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication by a transmitting device, the method comprising: Identifies a set of information bits to be sent; generating a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) corresponding to the set of information bits; partitioning the set of LLRs into the plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on shaping block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks; Decoding the plurality of shaped blocks using a polar code according to a shaping code rate to obtain a sequence of shaping bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaping code rate and the shaping block length; generating a sequence of shaped symbols from the sequence of shaped bits; as well as The sequence of shaped symbols is sent to a receiving device.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein generating the sequence of shaped symbols comprises: encoding the sequence of shaping bits using the polar code according to the shaping code rate to obtain a shaping codeword; performing a shaping operation on a subset of the set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped information bits; encoding the sequence of shaped information bits, the sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to generate a set of coded bits in the plurality of shaped blocks; as well as A sequence of the shaped symbols is generated based on the set of coded bits and the plurality of shaped blocks.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising sending configuration information to the receiving device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with the set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: Modulation order; the FEC code rate; and The shaping bit rate.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability.

5. The method of claim 4, further comprising providing an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities to the receiving device.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: Providing the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities comprises sending the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits to the receiving device; and The entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein providing the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities comprises: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are sent including the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

8. The method according to claim 2, further comprising: When the shaped block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks are greater than a first power of an integer 2 but less than a second power of an integer 2, the shaped block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks are reduced to the first power of the integer 2.

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: Based on the reduced shaping block lengths of the plurality of shaping blocks, performing the shaping operation on one or more information bits in the subset of the set of information bits is skipped.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein partitioning the set of LLRs into the plurality of shaped blocks is further based on: The maximum shaping block length of the plurality of shaping blocks; the number of resource elements that can be used to transmit the set of coded bits; and The number of shaping blocks in the plurality of shaping blocks.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the maximum shaping block length is fixed in a standard document and is different for uplink transmissions than for downlink transmissions.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising sending a radio resource control (RRC) message indicating the maximum shaping block length to the receiving device.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the shaping operation depends on a subband over which the set of information bits are to be transmitted.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaping code rate depends on a subband through which the set of information bits are to be transmitted and is different for different subbands.

15. A method for wireless communication by a receiving device, the method comprising: receiving, from a transmitting device, a sequence of shaped symbols corresponding to a sequence of bit-level log-likelihood ratios (LLRs); Converting the sequence of shaped symbols into the sequence of bit-level LLRs; decoding the sequence of bit-level LLRs using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped information bits of a set of information bits, a sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits; Performing a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits using a shaped code rate based on the sequence of shaped bits to obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits; as well as The sequence of deshaped information bits is concatenated with the subset of remaining non-shaped information bits to obtain the set of information bits.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein performing the deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits comprises: encoding the sequence of shaping bits using a polar code and the shaping code rate to generate a deshaping codeword; as well as The deshaping codeword is applied to the shaped sequence of information bits to deshape the shaped sequence of information bits and obtain the deshaped sequence of information bits.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising receiving configuration information from the transmitting device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with a set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: Modulation order; the FEC code rate; and The shaping bit rate.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein: Each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability; and Converting the sequence of shaped symbols into the sequence of bit-level LLRs is based on the corresponding symbol probability of each shaped symbol.

19. The method of claim 18, further comprising receiving an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities from the transmitting device.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein: Receiving the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities comprises receiving the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits from the transmitting device; and The entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein receiving the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities comprises: One or more radio resource control (RRC) messages are received including the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the shaping code rate depends on the subband through which the set of information bits is transmitted and is different for different subbands.

23. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: Identifies a set of information bits to be sent; generating a set of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) corresponding to the set of information bits; partitioning the set of LLRs into the plurality of shaped blocks based at least in part on shaping block lengths of the plurality of shaped blocks; Decoding the plurality of shaped blocks using a polar code according to a shaping code rate to obtain a sequence of shaping bits, wherein the polar code used to decode the plurality of shaped blocks depends on the shaping code rate and the shaping block length; generating a sequence of shaped symbols from the sequence of shaped bits; as well as The sequence of shaped symbols is sent to a receiving device.

24. The device according to claim 23, wherein: In order to generate the sequence of shaped symbols, the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to: encoding the sequence of shaping bits using the polar code according to the shaping code rate to obtain a shaping codeword; performing a shaping operation on a subset of the set of information bits to generate a sequence of shaped information bits; encoding the sequence of shaped information bits, the sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to generate a set of coded bits in the plurality of shaped blocks; as well as A sequence of the shaped symbols is generated based on the set of coded bits and the plurality of shaped blocks.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to send configuration information to the receiving device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with the set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: Modulation order; the FEC code rate; and The shaping bit rate.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein: Each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability; The processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to provide an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities to the receiving device; To provide the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities, the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to send the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits to the receiving device; and The entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

27. An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to: receiving, from a transmitting device, a sequence of shaped symbols corresponding to a sequence of bit-level log-likelihood ratios (LLRs); Converting the sequence of shaped symbols into the sequence of bit-level LLRs; decoding the sequence of bit-level LLRs using a forward error correction (FEC) code rate to obtain a sequence of shaped information bits of a set of information bits, a sequence of shaped bits, and a subset of remaining non-shaped information bits of the set of information bits; Performing a deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits using a shaped code rate based on the sequence of shaped bits to obtain a sequence of deshaped information bits; as well as The sequence of deshaped information bits is concatenated with the subset of remaining non-shaped information bits to obtain the set of information bits.

28. The device according to claim 27, wherein In order to perform the deshaping operation on the sequence of shaped information bits, the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to: encoding the sequence of shaping bits using a polar code and the shaping code rate to generate a deshaping codeword; as well as The deshaping codeword is applied to the shaped sequence of information bits to deshape the shaped sequence of information bits and obtain the deshaped sequence of information bits.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to receive configuration information from the transmitting device, the configuration information indicating a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) index value associated with a set of coded bits, the MCS index value corresponding to an entry in an MCS lookup table, the entry indicating: Modulation order; the FEC code rate; and The shaping bit rate.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein: Each shaped symbol in the sequence of shaped symbols is associated with a corresponding symbol probability; The processor is configured to cause the apparatus to convert the sequence of shaped symbols into the sequence of bit-level LLRs based on the corresponding symbol probability of each shaped symbol; The processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to receive, from the transmitting device, an indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities; To receive the indication of each of the corresponding symbol probabilities, the processor is further configured to cause the apparatus to receive, from the transmitting device, the MCS index value associated with the set of coded bits; and The entry in the MCS lookup table corresponding to the MCS index value also indicates each of the corresponding symbol probabilities.

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