An integrated sandstone filter device for agricultural irrigation system

Abstract

The application relates to an integrated sandstone filter device for an agricultural irrigation system, and relates to the technical field of sandstone filters. The integrated sandstone filter device comprises a filter tank body, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe which are in communication with the filter tank body, a filter plate is arranged in the filter tank body along the height direction of the filter tank, filter holes are uniformly arranged on the filter plate, a sealing plate is arranged in the filter tank body, filter sand is filled between the filter plate and the sealing plate, a plurality of filter caps are arranged on the sealing plate, a partition plate is arranged in the filter tank body along the height direction of the filter tank body, the filter tank body is divided into a first filter cavity and a second filter cavity by the partition plate, the first filter cavity and the second filter cavity are in communication with the water outlet pipe, and a switching assembly for filtering water from a water source in the first filter cavity and the second filter cavity alternately is further arranged in the filter tank body. The application has the effects of improving the irrigation efficiency and shortening the irrigation period when the filter screen is washed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation filtration, and in particular to an integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems. Background Technology

[0002] Micro-irrigation technology not only saves water significantly but also improves crop quality, and is currently widely used in large-scale irrigation areas and high-standard farmland. However, agricultural well water or Yellow River water has a high sediment content, which easily causes blockage of the pipeline network and irrigation devices, greatly shortening the lifespan of the micro-irrigation system. Currently, the main filtration equipment for micro-irrigation field projects includes centrifugal filters, sand filters, mesh filters, and disc filters. Although all four types of filters can achieve a certain effect in filtering and intercepting impurities, they are not universally applicable.

[0003] Sand filters are among the most widely used filtration devices in micro-irrigation projects, characterized by their strong dirt-trapping capacity and easy-to-clean filter media. Micro-irrigation sand filters utilize layers of filter media particles stacked to a certain depth to form a porous media sand bed, which serves as the filter carrier for three-dimensional deep filtration.

[0004] The working process of a sand filter mainly consists of two stages: filtration and backwashing. Filtration primarily involves trapping impurities on the surface of the filter bed. The backwashing process generally uses a reverse water flow from bottom to top to fluidize the accumulated filter bed. Collision and friction between particles cause impurities adhering to the particle surface to detach and be flushed out of the tank with the water flow. Each backwash requires a strong backwash water flow to reverse-fluidize the entire filter bed before impurities can be discharged.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, technicians need to test the amount of sand and gravel in the water within the irrigation pipe. If the water pressure and flow rate in the irrigation pipe decrease, it indicates that the filter screen is clogged with sand and gravel, requiring backwashing. During backwashing, the direction of water flow in the pipe needs to be changed, causing the water flow in the sand and gravel filter to flow backward, thus dislodging the sand and gravel clogging the filter screen. However, due to the reverse flow of water in the sand and gravel filter, irrigation cannot proceed normally, delaying the irrigation schedule and affecting irrigation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To facilitate improved irrigation efficiency and shorten the irrigation period while simultaneously rinsing the filter screen, this application provides an integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems. The integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems includes a filter tank body and an inlet pipe, a drain pipe, and an outlet pipe all connected to the filter tank body. Multiple filter plates are arranged along the height of the filter tank body, with filter holes densely distributed on each filter plate. The diameter of the filter holes decreases sequentially from the direction near the drain pipe towards the direction near the outlet pipe. Filter sand is filled between adjacent filter plates. A sealing plate with multiple filter caps is provided within the filter tank body. A partition is also provided within the filter tank body, arranged along the height of the filter tank body, dividing the filter tank body into a first filter chamber and a second filter chamber. Both the first and second filter chambers are connected to the outlet pipe. A switching component is also provided within the filter tank body for selectively filtering a water source in either the first or second filter chamber.

[0008] The switching assembly includes a flow divider plate disposed within the filter tank body. The flow divider plate has multiple flow divider holes, which are divided into two groups along the circumference of the flow divider plate. Each group of flow divider holes corresponds to a first filter chamber and a second filter chamber, respectively. One group of flow divider holes is connected to the first filter chamber, and the other group is connected to the second filter chamber. A switching plate is rotatably mounted on the flow divider plate. The switching plate has two sets of switching ports that are movably connected to the flow divider holes. Each set of switching ports corresponds to a flow divider hole. When the flow divider hole corresponding to the first filter chamber is connected to the switching port, the flow divider hole corresponding to the second filter chamber is offset from the switching port. The filter tank body also has a switching component for rotating and adjusting the switching plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when filtering irrigation water, the water source first enters the filter tank through the inlet pipe. At this time, the first filter chamber filters the water flow through the set diversion plate. The multi-layer filter plate filters the water flow layer by layer, thereby reducing impurities such as sand and gravel in the water flow entering the outlet pipe. Then, under the blocking effect of the sealing plate, the water flow can intelligently pass through the filter cap into the outlet pipe, thereby further reducing impurities in the water flow in the outlet pipe.

[0010] Simultaneously, the diversion plate, with its diversion holes, prevents the first and second filter chambers from filtering simultaneously. When the first filter chamber is used to filter the water, the switching mechanism rotates the switching port on the switching plate to the position that seals the second filter chamber. Then, the filter plates and filter sand in the first filter chamber filter the water. When the gaps between the filter plates and filter sand in the first filter chamber are blocked by debris, the water flow velocity in the outlet pipe decreases. At this point, the switching mechanism rotates the switching plate to the position that seals the first filter chamber, and the second filter chamber begins its filtering function. After filtration, a portion of the water flows through the filter cylinder at the bottom of the first filter chamber to backwash the filter plates and filter sand. The remaining portion from the backwash flows directly out through the outlet pipe for irrigation, thus achieving simultaneous backwashing and filtration. After backwashing, the drain pipe corresponding to the first filter chamber is sealed, and all the filtered water flows into the outlet pipe for irrigation, achieving efficient irrigation and reducing the problem of insufficient irrigation water pressure caused by partial water diversion, thereby improving irrigation efficiency.

[0011] Optionally, the switching component includes a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the partition plate, the bottom end of the rotating rod extending into the water outlet, and a flow equalizing blade rotatably mounted inside the water outlet pipe. The flow equalizing blade is in contact with the water flow, and the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blade is related to the rotation angle of the rotating rod. The filter tank body is also provided with an adjusting component for adjusting the rotation of the rotating rod according to the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blade.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to switch between the first and second filter chambers, the adjustable component allows for the following: When the first filter chamber is used for water filtration, as the pores between the filter sands in the filter chamber become blocked, the water flow in the drain pipe decreases, and the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blades slows down. Since the rotation angle of the rotating rod is related to the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blades, when the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blades decreases to a certain speed, the adjustable component drives the rotating rod to rotate, thereby rotating the switching plate by a certain angle. This causes the switching plate to rotate to the position where the second filter chamber is opened and the first filter chamber is blocked. At this time, the water flows through the sand and gravel in the second filter chamber for filtration. Simultaneously, the switching plate blocks the first filter chamber. Since the bottom side of the sealing plate is a cavity that is completely connected to the outlet pipe, after the water flows through the second filter chamber, part of the water flows through the filter cap in the first filter chamber to backwash the filter sand, and the other part of the water flows out through the outlet pipe for irrigation.

[0013] When the second filter chamber becomes clogged, the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blades slows down again, causing the adjusting component to switch the rotating rod at a certain angle, thus switching between the first and second filter chambers. This allows backwashing and filtration to proceed simultaneously, reducing the time delays caused by performing backwashing alone.

[0014] Optionally, the adjusting component includes a first adjusting gear and a second adjusting gear ring coaxially mounted on the rotating rod, wherein the second adjusting gear ring has adjusting grooves.

[0015] When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the forward direction, the first adjusting gear meshes with the adjusting gear groove;

[0016] When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the opposite direction, the first adjusting gear slides relative to the adjusting tooth groove.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the first adjusting gear and the second adjusting gear ring are engaged. When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the forward direction, it drives the first adjusting gear to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod to rotate at a certain angle. When the second adjusting gear ring rotates in the reverse direction, the first adjusting gear does not rotate, thereby preventing the rotating rod from rotating, thus achieving stable adjustment of the switching plate angle.

[0018] Optionally, an adjusting block is slidably disposed on the rotating shaft of the flow equalizing blade, an adjusting cylinder is coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft of the flow equalizing blade, a pressing block is elastically slidably disposed on the adjusting cylinder, and an adjusting rack is also slidably disposed on the adjusting cylinder. The adjusting rack is connected to the pressing block, the adjusting rack meshes with the adjusting gear ring, and the pressing block is movably fitted and pressed against the adjusting block.

[0019] When the adjusting block moves toward a direction away from the axis of rotation of the uniform flow blade, the second adjusting toothed ring rotates in the opposite direction.

[0020] When the adjusting block moves toward the direction close to the axis of the uniform flow blade, the second adjusting toothed ring rotates in the positive direction.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the uniform flow blade rotates due to the impact of the water flow, the faster the water flow speed, the greater the centrifugal force on the adjusting block, thus making the length of the adjusting block protruding longer. Since the clamping block and the adjusting block are in close contact, the longer the length of the adjusting block protruding, the longer the distance the clamping block slides. When the adjusting block moves away from the axis of rotation of the uniform flow blade under the action of centrifugal force, the clamping block also slides away from the axis of rotation of the uniform flow blade, driving the adjusting rack to slide. At this time, the second adjusting gear ring reverses, the first adjusting gear does not rotate, and the switching plate does not rotate.

[0022] As the water flow gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blades decreases, the centrifugal force on the adjusting block gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjusting block shortens. This causes the abutment block to slide towards the axis of rotation of the flow equalizing blades under the action of elastic restoring force. The abutment block drives the adjusting rack to slide, which in turn drives the second adjusting gear ring to rotate in the forward direction, which in turn drives the first adjusting gear to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod to rotate and realize the rotation adjustment of the switching plate. When the switching plate rotates to another non-clogging filter chamber for filtration, the water flow speed increases, which causes the abutment block and the adjusting block to extend longer again. At this time, the switching plate does not rotate until the current filter chamber becomes clogged.

[0023] Optionally, the filter tank body is further provided with a first drain pipe and a second drain pipe. The first drain pipe is connected to the first filter chamber, and the second drain pipe is connected to the second filter chamber. Both the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe are provided with opening and closing components, which can be used to open and close the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when switching to use the first filter chamber for filtration, the opening and closing device on the second drain pipe opens the second drain pipe. At this time, the water flow after filtration in the first filter chamber passes through the second filter chamber for backwashing. The backwashed water flow then passes through the second drain pipe, carrying away the impurities after rinsing, thereby achieving backwashing of the second filter chamber. When the backwashing of the second filter chamber is completed, the second drain pipe is closed by the opening and closing device. At this time, the water flow after filtration in the first filter chamber is completely discharged through the outlet pipe, thereby improving irrigation efficiency.

[0025] Similarly, when switching to use the second filter chamber for filtration, the opening and closing device on the first drain pipe will open the first drain pipe. At this time, the water filtered by the second filter chamber will be backwashed through the first filter chamber until the first filter chamber is backwashed. Then, the opening and closing device on the first drain pipe will close the first drain pipe. At this time, the water filtered by the second filter chamber will be completely discharged through the outlet pipe.

[0026] Optionally, the opening and closing component includes an opening and closing cylinder disposed on the first sewage pipe and the second sewage pipe. The opening and closing cylinder is connected to the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe. An opening and closing plate is rotatably disposed inside the opening and closing cylinder. The opening and closing plate is movably fitted with the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder. The opening and closing cylinder is also provided with a locking component that limits the position of the opening and closing plate.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, when it is necessary to close the first / second sewage pipe, the opening and closing plate rotates to a vertical position and fits against the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder, thus blocking the opening and closing cylinder. At this time, water flow is not easy to pass through the first / second sewage pipe, thereby blocking the first / second sewage pipe and achieving efficient irrigation. When the opening and closing plate rotates to be consistent with the extension direction of the first / second sewage pipe, the first / second sewage pipe opens, and the sewage after backwashing is discharged through the first / second sewage pipe, thereby discharging the debris that clogs the filter sand and gravel through the first / second sewage pipe.

[0028] Optionally, the locking component includes a locking plate rotatably disposed within the opening and closing cylinder, the locking plate being in contact with the water flow within the opening and closing cylinder, a locking block being slidably disposed within the opening and closing cylinder, a locking groove being formed on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate, the locking block being movably inserted into the locking groove, and the locking block being in contact with and abutting against the side wall of the locking groove, the locking block also being provided with an abutting block, the side of the locking plate away from the filter tank body being in contact with and abutting against the locking plate being inclined.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, when backwashing the first filter chamber, the speed of the water flow through the first drain pipe gradually increases as the filter sand and gravel blockage is cleared. When the water flow speed is initially slow, the water flow impacts the locking plate. As the water flow speed gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate gradually increases, thereby increasing the rotation angle of the locking plate. When the locking plate is impacted by the water flow, it presses against the abutment block. At this time, the locking plate presses against the inclined side of the abutment block. When the abutment block slides, the locking block separates from the locking groove, thereby unlocking the rotation angle of the locking plate.

[0030] When the opening and closing plate rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder, the water flow is less likely to impact the locking plate, and the locking plate is less likely to press against the abutment block.

[0031] Optionally, the locking plate has an operating handle at its pivot point, the operating handle passes through and protrudes from the opening and closing cylinder, and the locking plate has a torsion spring at its pivot point, the torsion spring driving the locking plate to block the opening and closing cylinder, and the locking groove has two sets.

[0032] When the opening and closing plate rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder, the locking block is inserted into one of the locking grooves;

[0033] When the opening and closing plate rotates to open the opening and closing cylinder, the locking block is inserted into another locking groove.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, when backwashing occurs, the water flow impacts the locking plate initially at a relatively slow speed. At this time, the locking block is always located in one of the locking grooves, thereby keeping the opening and closing plate in the open state of the opening and closing cylinder.

[0035] As the water flow velocity gradually increases, the elastic restoring force of the locking plate torsion spring is less than the impact force of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate rotates away from the filter tank body until it slides against the abutment block. Then, under the action of elastic compression force, the abutment block moves away from the locking groove, unlocking the opening and closing plate. At this time, under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, the opening and closing plate rotates to the position to block the opening and closing plate.

[0036] After the opening and closing plate rotates to the position to block the opening and closing cylinder, the water flow velocity inside the opening and closing cylinder decreases, thereby reducing the impact force on the locking plate. At this time, under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, the locking plate rotates to a position perpendicular to the axis of the opening and closing cylinder. Then, under the elastic restoring force, the locking block further inserts into another locking groove, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the opening and closing plate and achieving stable sealing of the opening and closing cylinder.

[0037] Optionally, the first drain pipe is provided with a first indicator light, and the second drain pipe is provided with a second indicator light. The first indicator light corresponds to the first filter chamber, and the second indicator light corresponds to the second filter chamber. A movable block is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching plate at the switching port. Pressure sensors are provided at both the first and second indicator lights. A sliding block is elastically provided on the first drain pipe. One end of the sliding block is movably fitted and pressed against the pressure sensor, and the other end of the sliding block is movably fitted and pressed against the movable block. The two pressure sensors correspond one-to-one with the first indicator light and the second indicator light and are electrically connected.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, since the switching between the first and second filter chambers is determined by the change in water flow velocity, it is not easy for relevant technicians to judge the timing of rotating the opening and closing plates in the first and second drain pipes, thus making it difficult to control when to perform backwashing and when to perform full filtration. With the above setting, when the switching plate switches with the change in water flow velocity, the movable block on the switching plate is in close contact with the sliding block on the first / second drain pipe, causing the sliding block to slide away from the filter tank body. This causes the pressure sensor reading to change, and the pressure sensor transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the first / second indicator light, thereby reminding the relevant technicians to make a decision on whether backwashing is necessary. That is, based on the current irrigation situation, it is determined whether the current irrigation efficiency is sufficient to allocate a portion of the flow to backwash the clogged filter chamber, thus facilitating reasonable control of the irrigation schedule.

[0039] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0040] 1. The filter tank body is divided into a first filter chamber and a second filter chamber by a partition for distributed filtration. The switching plate is rotated and adjusted according to the water flow speed in the outlet pipe, thereby realizing filtration in the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber. At the same time, when the switching plate is rotated and adjusted according to the water flow speed, when the switching port is rotated to the position corresponding to the first filter chamber / second filter chamber, the other filter chamber is backwashed by the filtered water flow.

[0041] 2. By means of the first adjusting gear, the second adjusting gear ring, the adjusting block, the adjusting rack and the clamping block, when the speed of the uniform flow blade changes with the water flow speed, the switching plate switches between the first filter chamber and the second filter chamber as it rotates.

[0042] 3. By using the set opening and closing plate, opening and closing cylinder and locking plate, when the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe needs to be backwashed, the set opening and closing plate is rotated to open or close the first sewage pipe / second sewage pipe, thereby realizing the switching between backwashing and filtration. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filtering system in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a sand and gravel filtration device;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection structure of a sand and gravel filtration device;

[0046] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of part A in the middle;

[0047] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of section B;

[0048] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of section C;

[0049] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the adjusting component.

[0050] Reference numerals: 1. Filter tank body; 11. Inlet pipe; 12. ; 13. Outlet pipe; 14. Filter plate; 15. Filter hole; 16. Filter sand; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Filter cap; 2. Partition plate; 21. First filter chamber; 22. Second filter chamber; 3. Switching assembly; 31. Diverter plate; 311. Diverter hole; 32. Switching plate; 321. Switching port; 33. Switching component; 331. Rotating rod; 332. Flow equalizing blade; 34. Adjusting component; 341. First adjusting gear; 342. Second adjusting gear ring; 343. Adjusting block 344. Adjusting cylinder; 345. Pressing block; 346. Adjusting spring; 347. Pressing spring; 348. Adjusting rack; 35. First drain pipe; 36. Second drain pipe; 4. Opening and closing parts; 41. Opening and closing cylinder; 42. Opening and closing plate; 43. Locking parts; 431. Locking plate; 432. Locking groove; 433. Locking block; 434. Pressing block; 435. Locking torsion spring; 436. Opening and closing torsion spring; 5. First indicator light; 51. Second indicator light; 52. Movable block; 53. Pressure sensor; 54. Sliding block; 55. Movable spring. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0052] This application discloses an integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems. (Refer to...) Figures 1-7 An integrated sand and gravel filtration device for agricultural irrigation systems includes a vertically arranged filter tank body 1. The top of the filter tank body 1 is connected to an inlet pipe 11 and the bottom is connected to an outlet pipe 13. A sand-adding pipe 12 is also connected to the filter tank body 1. The filter tank body 1 is provided with a filter plate 14 and a sealing plate 17. The filter plate 14 is densely covered with filter holes 15. The filter plate 14 and the sealing plate 17 are arranged parallel to each other. Filter sand 16 is stored between the filter plate 14 and the sealing plate 17. Multiple sets of filter caps 18 are fixedly connected to the sealing plate 17. The filter caps 18 filter the water flow after filtering the filter sand 16. A cavity is left between the bottom side of the sealing plate 17 and the filter tank body 1, which is connected to the outlet pipe 13.

[0053] A partition 2 is fixedly connected inside the filter tank body 1. The partition 2 is arranged along the height direction of the filter tank body 1 and divides the filter tank body 1 into a first filter chamber 21 and a second filter chamber 22. A first drain pipe 35 and a second drain pipe 36 are connected to the outer peripheral wall of the filter tank body 1. The first drain pipe 35 is connected to the first filter chamber 21 and the second drain pipe 36 is connected to the second filter chamber 22. At the same time, the filter tank body 1 is also provided with a switching component 3 for selectively filtering water flow between the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22.

[0054] The switching assembly 3 includes a diversion plate 31 fixed inside the filter tank body 1. The diversion plate 31 is located on the top side of the filter plate 14, and multiple diversion holes 311 are provided on the diversion plate 31. The multiple diversion holes 311 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diversion plate 31. A switching plate 32 is rotatably connected to the partition plate 2. The rotation axis of the switching plate 32 is consistent with the height direction of the partition plate 2. A switching port 321 is provided on the switching plate 32. The switching port 321 corresponds to the diversion holes 311. The multiple diversion holes 311 are divided into two groups along the circumference of the diversion plate 31. The two groups of diversion holes 311 correspond one-to-one with the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22, respectively. When one group of diversion holes 311 is connected to the first filter chamber 21, the other group of diversion holes 311 is staggered from the second filter chamber 22. The filter tank body 1 is also provided with a switching component 33 for rotating and adjusting the switching plate 32.

[0055] The switching component 33 includes a rotating rod 331 rotatably mounted on the partition 2. The rotating rod 331 is fixed to the rotation axis of the switching plate 32. The rotation axis of the rotating rod 331 is aligned with the height direction of the partition 2. The bottom end of the rotating rod 331 extends into the water outlet pipe 13. A flow equalizing blade 332 is rotatably mounted inside the water outlet pipe 13. The flow equalizing blade 332 is in contact with the water flow. The rotation speed of the flow equalizing blade 332 is related to the rotation angle of the rotating rod 331. The filter tank body 1 is also equipped with an adjusting component 34 that adjusts the rotation of the rotating rod 331 according to the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blade 332.

[0056] The adjusting member 34 includes a first adjusting gear 341 coaxially mounted on the rotating rod 331 and a second adjusting gear ring 342 coaxially mounted on the rotating rod 331. The second adjusting gear ring 342 is coaxially sleeved on the first adjusting gear 341, and an adjusting tooth groove is provided on the second adjusting gear ring 342. When the second adjusting gear ring 342 rotates in the forward direction, the first adjusting gear 341 meshes with the adjusting tooth groove. When the second adjusting gear ring 342 rotates in the reverse direction, the first adjusting gear 341 slides relative to the adjusting tooth groove.

[0057] A limiting plate is fixedly connected inside the outlet pipe 13. A flow equalizing blade 332 is rotatably mounted on the limiting plate, and the rotation axis of the flow equalizing blade 332 is aligned with the height direction of the filter tank body 1. An adjusting block 343 is slidably mounted on the flow equalizing blade 332. An adjusting spring 346 is fixedly connected to the adjusting block 343, and the other end of the adjusting spring 346 is fixed to the rotation axis of the flow equalizing blade 332. An adjusting cylinder 344 is coaxially fixedly connected to the rotation axis of the flow equalizing blade 332. A pressing block 345 is elastically slidably mounted on the adjusting cylinder 344. The sliding direction of the pressing block 345 is aligned with the adjusting cylinder 344. The radial directions of the cylinder 344 are consistent. A clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and the clamping block 345 is provided with damping. One end of the clamping block 345 near the inside of the adjusting cylinder 344 is movably in contact with the adjusting block 343. A clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and the clamping spring 347 is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the adjusting cylinder 344. The side of the clamping block 345 that is in contact with the adjusting block 343 is inclined. An adjusting rack 348 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 345, and the adjusting rack 348 meshes with the second adjusting ring 342.

[0058] It should be noted that the clamping spring 347 on the clamping block 345 always drives the clamping block 345 to move towards the axis of rotation close to the uniform flow blade 332. Since each rotation of the switching plate 32 is the angle of one switching port 321, when the switching ports are set to 6, then the rotation angle of the switching plate 32 is equivalent to 30 degrees each time, that is, the rotation angle of the first adjusting gear 341 is also 30 degrees each time. That is, when the switching ports are set to 2n (two sets), the rotation angle of the switching plate each time is 360 / 4n. That is, it is only necessary to use the elastic restoring force of the clamping spring 347 to make the first adjusting gear 341 rotate the same angle each time.

[0059] Furthermore, since the clamping block 345 is also equipped with damping, when the length of the adjusting block 343 protrudes due to the centrifugal force, as can be seen from the details in the figure, the side of the adjusting block 343 away from the flow equalizing blade 332 is arc-shaped. Due to the damping on the clamping block 345, the clamping block 345 slowly extends under the slow clamping of the inclined side of the adjusting block 343. Since the adjusting block 343 is not always in contact with the clamping block 345, the damping reduces the collision and wear between the clamping block 345 and the adjusting block 343. When the water flow velocity is at its maximum, the centrifugal force of the adjusting block 343 is consistent with the elastic restoring force of the clamping spring 347 received by the clamping block 345. When the water flow velocity slowly decreases, the elastic restoring force of the clamping spring 347 is greater than the centrifugal force of the adjusting block 343, thereby driving the adjusting rack 348 to drive the second adjusting gear ring 342 to rotate.

[0060] When the flow equalizing blade 332 rotates due to the impact of the water flow, the faster the water flow speed, the greater the centrifugal force on the adjusting block 343, thus making the length of the adjusting block 343 protrude longer. Since the pressing block 345 is in close contact with the adjusting block 343, the longer the length of the adjusting block 343 protrudes, the longer the sliding distance of the pressing block 345. When the adjusting block 343 moves away from the axis of rotation of the flow equalizing blade 332 under the action of centrifugal force, the pressing block 345 also slides away from the axis of rotation of the flow equalizing blade 332, driving the adjusting rack 348 to slide. At this time, the second adjusting gear ring 342 reverses, the first adjusting gear 341 does not rotate, and the switching plate 32 does not rotate.

[0061] As the water flow gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the equalizing blade 332 decreases, the centrifugal force on the adjusting block 343 gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjusting block 343 shortens. This causes the pressing block 345 to slide towards the axis of rotation of the equalizing blade 332 under the action of elastic restoring force. The pressing block 345 drives the adjusting rack 348 to slide. At this time, the adjusting rack 348 drives the second adjusting gear ring 342 to rotate in the forward direction, which drives the first adjusting gear 341 to rotate, thereby driving the rotating rod 331 to rotate, realizing the rotation adjustment of the switching plate 32. When the switching plate 32 rotates to another non-clogging filter chamber for filtration, the water flow speed increases, which causes the protruding length of the pressing block 345 and the adjusting block 343 to increase again. At this time, the switching plate 32 does not rotate until the current filter chamber is clogged, and the switching is performed again.

[0062] Simultaneously, during the switching process, to ensure the filtration efficiency of the next cycle, both the first drain pipe 35 and the second drain pipe 36 are equipped with opening and closing devices 4. These devices 4 allow for the movable sealing and opening / closing of the first drain pipe 35 and the second drain pipe 36, as described above. Figure 3 The opening and closing component 4 includes an opening and closing cylinder 41 connected to the first sewage pipe 35 / the second sewage pipe 36. An opening and closing plate 42 is rotatably arranged inside the opening and closing cylinder 41. The opening and closing plate 42 is movably attached to the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41. A locking component 43 is also provided inside the opening and closing cylinder 41 to limit the position of the opening and closing plate 42.

[0063] When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the vertical position, the opening and closing plate 42 fits against the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41, and the opening and closing plate 42 blocks the opening and closing cylinder 41. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the horizontal position, the opening and closing plate 42 opens the opening and closing cylinder 41.

[0064] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The locking component 43 includes a locking plate 431 rotatably disposed within the opening and closing cylinder 41. The locking plate 431 is in contact with the water flow within the opening and closing cylinder 41. A locking block 433 is slidably disposed on the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41. The sliding direction of the locking block 433 is consistent with the length direction of the opening and closing cylinder 41. A locking groove 432 is provided on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42. One end of the locking block 433 is movably inserted into the locking groove 432. An abutment block 434 is fixedly connected to the other end of the locking block 433. The end of the locking plate 431 that is rotatably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41 is in contact with the abutment block 434. The side of the abutment block 434 that is in contact with the locking plate 431 is inclined. A locking torsion spring 435 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the locking plate 431. An opening and closing torsion spring 436 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42.

[0065] During backwashing of the first filter chamber 21, the water flow velocity through the first drain pipe 35 gradually increases as the filter sand 16 is cleared of blockages. When the water flow velocity is initially slow, the water flow impacts the locking plate 431. As the water flow velocity gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate 431 gradually increases, thereby increasing the rotation angle of the locking plate 431. When the locking plate 431 is impacted by the water flow and presses against the abutment block 434, the locking plate 431 presses against the inclined side of the abutment block 434. When the abutment block 434 slides, the locking block 433 separates from the locking groove 432, thereby unlocking the rotation angle of the locking plate 431. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder 41, the water flow is less likely to impact the locking plate 431, and the locking plate 431 is less likely to press against the abutment block 434.

[0066] Meanwhile, the locking groove 432 on the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42 is provided in two sets. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder 41, the locking block 433 is inserted into one of the locking grooves 432. When the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to open the opening and closing cylinder 41, the locking block 433 is inserted into the other locking groove 432.

[0067] As the water flow velocity gradually increases, the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring of the locking plate 431 is less than the impact force of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate 431 rotates away from the filter tank body 1 until the locking plate 431 slides against the abutment block 434. At this time, the abutment block 434 moves away from the locking groove 432 under the action of elastic compression force, unlocking the opening and closing plate 42. At this time, the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the position of sealing the opening and closing plate 42 under the action of the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring.

[0068] After the opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the position to block the opening and closing cylinder 41, the water flow velocity inside the opening and closing cylinder 41 decreases, thereby reducing the impact force on the locking plate 431. At this time, under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, the locking plate 431 rotates to a position perpendicular to the axis of the opening and closing cylinder 41. At this time, under the elastic restoring force, the locking block 433 further inserts into another locking groove 432, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the opening and closing plate 42 and achieving stable blocking of the opening and closing cylinder 41.

[0069] A handle is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the opening and closing plate 42. The handle is located on the outer peripheral wall of the opening and closing cylinder 41. Relevant technicians can rotate and adjust the opening and closing plate 42 through the handle. The locking block 433 and the locking groove 432 are in an inclined position on the side that is in contact with each other.

[0070] Since the switching between the first filter chamber 21 and the second filter chamber 22 is determined by the change in water flow velocity, it is not easy for relevant technicians to determine the timing of the rotation of the opening and closing plate 42 in the first drain pipe 35 and the second drain pipe 36, thus making it difficult to control when to perform backwashing and when to perform full filtration.

[0071] The first drain pipe 35 is equipped with a first indicator light 5, and the second drain pipe 36 is equipped with a second indicator light 51. The first indicator light 5 corresponds to the first filter chamber 21, and the second indicator light 51 corresponds to the second filter chamber 22. A movable block 52 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the switching plate 32 at the switching port 321. Pressure sensors 53 are provided at both the first indicator light 5 and the second indicator light 51. A sliding block 54 is elastically provided on the first drain pipe 35. A movable spring 55 is fixedly connected to the sliding block 54. The other end of the movable spring 55 is fixedly connected to the opening and closing cylinder 41. One end of the sliding block 54 is in movable contact with the pressure sensor 53, and the other end of the sliding block 54 is in movable contact with the movable block 52. The two pressure sensors 53 correspond one-to-one with the first indicator light 5 and the second indicator light 51 and are electrically connected.

[0072] When the switching plate 32 switches according to the change in water flow speed, the movable block 52 on the switching plate 32 is in close contact with the sliding block 54 on the first drain pipe 35 / second drain pipe 36, causing the sliding block 54 to slide away from the filter tank body 1. This causes the reading of the pressure sensor 53 to change, and the pressure sensor 53 transmits the corresponding electrical signal to the first indicator light 5 / second indicator light 51, thereby reminding the relevant technicians to make a decision on whether backwashing is necessary. That is, based on the current irrigation situation, it is determined whether the current irrigation efficiency is sufficient to allocate a portion of the flow to backwash the clogged filter chamber, thereby facilitating reasonable control of the irrigation schedule.

[0073] The implementation principle of an integrated sand and gravel filtration device for an agricultural irrigation system according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When filtering irrigation water, the water flows through the inlet pipe 11 into the filter tank body 1. At this time, the first filter chamber 21 filters the irrigation water, and the switching plate 32 blocks the second filter chamber 22. At this time, the water flows through the first filter chamber 21 and the filter cap 18 into the outlet pipe 13. At this time, the water flow in the outlet pipe 13 impacts the uniform flow blades 332 to rotate.

[0074] When the filter sand 16 in the first filter chamber 21 becomes clogged and the water flow rate gradually slows down, the rotation speed of the flow equalizing blade 332 decreases, the centrifugal force on the adjusting block 343 gradually decreases, and the protruding length of the adjusting block 343 shortens. This causes the abutment block 434 to slide towards the axis of rotation of the flow equalizing blade 332 under the action of elastic restoring force. The abutment block 345 drives the adjusting rack 348 to slide. At this time, the adjusting rack 348 drives the second adjusting gear ring 342 to rotate in the forward direction, which in turn drives the first adjusting gear 341 to rotate. This causes the rotating rod 331 to rotate, thereby adjusting the rotation of the switching plate 32. The switching plate 32 rotates a certain angle to open the second filter chamber 22 and seal the first filter chamber 21. When the switching plate 32 rotates, the movable block 52 presses against the sliding block 54, causing the pressure sensor 53 on the first drain pipe 35 to generate an electrical signal, illuminating the first indicator light 5 on the first drain pipe 35. At this time, the relevant technicians turn the handle, causing the opening and closing plate 42 on the first drain pipe 35 to rotate and open the first drain pipe 35. Water filtered by the second filter chamber 22 passes through the first filter chamber 21 to backwash the filter sand 16 inside the first filter chamber 21. Impurities are discharged through the first drain pipe 35. During the backwashing of the first filter chamber 21, the water flow velocity through the first drain pipe 35 gradually increases as the filter sand 16 is cleared of blockages. When the water flow velocity is initially slow, the water impacts the locking plate 431. As the water flow velocity gradually increases, the impact force on the locking plate 431 gradually increases, causing the locking plate 431 to rotate. As the angle of movement gradually increases, the locking plate 431 is pressed against the abutment block 434 by the impact of the water flow. At this time, the locking plate 431 presses against the inclined side of the abutment block 434. When the abutment block 434 slides, the locking block 433 separates from the locking groove 432, thereby unlocking the locking plate 431 by rotating the angle. The opening and closing plate 42 rotates to the vertical position under the action of the opening and closing torsion spring 436, thereby sealing the first sewage pipe 35. At this time, the backwashing ends, and the entire filter tank body is cleaned, improving the efficiency of subsequent irrigation.

[0075] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated sand filter device for agricultural irrigation system, comprising a filter tank body (1), an inlet pipe (11) and an outlet pipe (13) connected to the filter tank body (1), a filter plate (14) is arranged in the filter tank body (1) along the height direction of the filter tank, a plurality of filter holes (15) are arranged on the filter plate (14), a sealing plate (17) is arranged in the filter tank body (1), the filter plate (14) and the sealing plate (17) are filled with filter sand (16), and a plurality of filter caps (18) are arranged on the sealing plate (17). The filter tank body (1) is provided with a partition plate (2), the partition plate (2) is arranged along the height direction of the filter tank body (1), and the partition plate (2) divides the filter tank body (1) into a first filter cavity (21) and a second filter cavity (22), the first filter cavity (21) and the second filter cavity (22) are communicated with the water outlet pipe (13), and the filter tank body (1) is further provided with a switching assembly (3) for filtering water source in the first filter cavity (21) and the second filter cavity (22) alternatively; The switching assembly (3) comprises a flow dividing plate (31) arranged in the filter tank body (1), a plurality of flow dividing holes (311) are formed in the flow dividing plate (31), the plurality of flow dividing holes (311) are divided into two groups along the circumference direction of the flow dividing plate (31), the two groups of flow dividing holes (311) correspond to the first filter cavity (21) and the second filter cavity (22) respectively, one group of flow dividing holes (311) is communicated with the first filter cavity (21), and the other group of flow dividing holes (311) is communicated with the second filter cavity (22), the flow dividing plate (31) is rotatably provided with a switching plate (32), the switching plate (32) is provided with a switching opening (321) in communication with the flow dividing holes (311), the switching opening (321) is provided with two groups, the two groups of switching openings (321) correspond to the two groups of flow dividing holes (311) one by one, and when the flow dividing hole (311) corresponding to the first filter cavity (21) is communicated with the switching opening (321), the flow dividing hole (311) corresponding to the second filter cavity (22) is staggered with the switching opening (321), and the filter tank body (1) is further provided with a switching piece (33) for rotating and adjusting the switching plate (32); The switching piece (33) comprises a rotating rod (331) rotatably arranged on the partition plate (2), the bottom end of the rotating rod (331) extends into the water outlet pipe (13), a uniform flow vane (332) is rotatably arranged in the water outlet pipe (13), the uniform flow vane (332) is in active contact with the water flow, the rotation speed of the uniform flow vane (332) is associated with the rotation angle of the rotating rod (331), and the filter tank body (1) is further provided with an adjusting piece (34) for rotating and adjusting the rotating rod (331) according to the rotation speed of the uniform flow vane (332); The adjusting piece (34) comprises a first adjusting gear (341) coaxially arranged on the rotating rod (331) and a second adjusting gear ring (342), and the second adjusting gear ring (342) is provided with an adjusting gear groove; When the second adjusting gear ring (342) rotates forward, the first adjusting gear (341) is engaged with the adjusting gear groove; When the second adjusting gear ring (342) rotates reversely, the first adjusting gear (341) slides relative to the adjusting gear groove; The rotation shaft of the uniform flow vane (332) is slidably provided with an adjusting block (343), the rotation shaft of the uniform flow vane (332) is coaxially provided with an adjusting cylinder (344), the adjusting cylinder (344) is slidably provided with an abutting block (345) in an elastic manner, the abutting block (345) is provided with a damper, the adjusting cylinder (344) is further slidably provided with an adjusting rack (348), the adjusting rack (348) is connected with the abutting block (345), the adjusting rack (348) is engaged with the adjusting gear ring, and the abutting block (345) is movably and tightly abutted with the adjusting block (343). When the adjusting block (343) moves away from the rotation shaft of the uniform flow vane (332), the second adjusting gear ring (342) rotates reversely. When the adjusting block (343) moves towards the rotation shaft of the uniform flow vane (332), the second adjusting gear ring (342) rotates forwardly.

2. An integrated sand filter for agricultural irrigation systems as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The filter tank body (1) is further provided with a first blowdown pipe (35) and a second blowdown pipe (36), the first blowdown pipe (35) is communicated with the first filter cavity (21), the second blowdown pipe (36) is communicated with the second filter cavity (22), and the first blowdown pipe (35) and the second blowdown pipe (36) are both provided with an opening and closing piece (4), and the opening and closing piece (4) movably and tightly closes the first blowdown pipe (35) and the second blowdown pipe (36).

3. An integrated sand filter for agricultural irrigation systems as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The opening and closing piece (4) comprises an opening and closing cylinder (41) provided on the first blowdown pipe (35) and the second blowdown pipe (36), the opening and closing cylinder (41) is communicated with the first blowdown pipe (35) / the second blowdown pipe (36), an opening and closing plate (42) is rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41), the opening and closing plate (42) is movably and tightly attached to the inner circumferential wall of the opening and closing cylinder (41), and a locking piece (43) for limiting the position of the opening and closing plate (42) is further arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41).

4. An integrated sand filter for agricultural irrigation systems as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The locking piece (43) comprises a locking plate (431) rotatably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking plate (431) is movably and tightly attached to the water flow in the opening and closing cylinder (41), a locking block (433) is slidably arranged in the opening and closing cylinder (41), a locking groove (432) is formed in the rotation shaft of the opening and closing plate (42), the locking block (433) is movably inserted into the locking groove (432), the locking block (433) is movably and tightly abutted with the side wall of the locking groove (432), an abutting block (434) is further arranged on the locking block (433), the side of the locking plate (431) away from the filter tank body (1) is movably and tightly abutted with the abutting block (434), and the side of the abutting block (434) movably and tightly abutted with the locking plate (431) is inclined.

5. An integrated sand filter for agricultural irrigation systems as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The rotation shaft of the locking plate (431) is provided with an operating handle which penetrates and protrudes from the opening and closing cylinder (41), and the rotation shaft of the locking plate (431) is provided with a torsion spring which drives the locking plate (431) to block the opening and closing cylinder (41), and the locking slot (432) is provided with two groups; When the opening and closing plate (42) rotates to block the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking block (433) is inserted with one of the locking slots (432); When the opening and closing plate (42) rotates to open the opening and closing cylinder (41), the locking block (433) is inserted with the other locking slot (432).

6. An integrated sand filter for agricultural irrigation systems as claimed in claim 5, wherein: The first blowdown pipe (35) is provided with a first indicator light (5), the second blowdown pipe (36) is provided with a second indicator light (51), the first indicator light (5) corresponds to the first filter cavity (21), the second indicator light (51) corresponds to the second filter cavity (22), and the outer peripheral wall of the switching plate (32) is provided with a movable block (52) at the switching port (321), the first indicator light (5) / the second indicator light (51) is provided with a pressure sensor (53), the first blowdown pipe (35) is elastically provided with a sliding block (54), one end of the sliding block (54) is movably and tightly attached to the pressure sensor (53), the other end of the sliding block (54) is movably and tightly attached to the movable block (52), and two pressure sensors (53) are respectively and electrically connected with the first indicator light (5) and the second indicator light (51).

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