A construction method for a waffle plate with a detachable whole tube

Abstract

This invention provides a method for constructing a detachable waffle slab, belonging to the field of waffle slab construction technology. This method involves: configuring the formwork at the construction location of the waffle slab according to the construction drawings; erecting poles and lines at the construction location; setting up full-span scaffolding; measuring and marking; installing the formwork; cleaning the formwork surface; setting the waffle formwork baseline and chalk lines; laying out the waffle cylinder base according to the baseline; binding the waffle slab reinforcement; installing the cylinder and cylinder cover; securing the top with wooden blocks, with the ends of the wooden blocks tied to the waffle slab reinforcement; pouring the first half of the waffle slab concrete; removing the top wooden blocks when it is semi-dry; and continuing to pour the waffle slab concrete. This invention solves the problem that in the waffle slab construction process, the high beam height and limited construction space make it difficult to bind the bottom reinforcement, which is detrimental to construction progress and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waffle board construction technology, and more specifically, relates to a method for constructing a waffle board that can be detached from the whole roll. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, the construction of electronic factories such as panel manufacturing plants and IC manufacturing plants has reached its peak in recent years. Among them, IC (chip / semiconductor industry) factories are more complex to design and construct than ordinary processing plants, and have higher requirements for construction quality. The main feature of chip factories compared to ordinary factories is the cleanroom structure. In order to ensure the air cleanliness of large-area production workshops, a clean air conditioning and ventilation system needs to be established. This usually requires a large number of holes to be evenly reserved in the workshop floor to form return air channels, and waffle slabs are usually used for the floor.

[0003] Traditional waffle slabs, made of materials such as SMC (glass fiber reinforced plastic) and FRP resin, serve as both formwork and part of the overall engineering structure. Because the waffle slab itself is a structural component, the formwork cannot be reused, resulting in poor overall economic efficiency. During construction, the high beam height and limited working space make it difficult to tie the bottom reinforcement, further impacting construction progress and quality. Furthermore, the formwork's limited durability makes it difficult to reuse after use, increasing project costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a construction method for a detachable waffle slab, which can solve the problem that the high beam height and narrow construction space make it difficult to tie the bottom reinforcement during the construction of waffle slabs, which is detrimental to the construction progress and quality.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for constructing a detachable, single-tube waffle slab, comprising the following specific steps:

[0007] S10: Based on the construction drawings, prepare the formwork for the construction location of the waffle board, and set up poles and lines at the construction location, erect full-span scaffolding, measure the marks, and install the formwork;

[0008] S20: Clean the surface of the building formwork panels, and set the baseline and chalk lines for the waffle formwork.

[0009] S30: Lay out the layout according to the baseline and lay the waffle tube base;

[0010] S40: Waffle board reinforcement binding, installation of cylinder and cylinder cover, top wooden block pressing firmly, and the ends of the wooden block tied and fixed to the waffle board reinforcement;

[0011] S50: Pour the first half of the waffle slab concrete, remove the top timber when it is half dry, and continue pouring the waffle slab concrete.

[0012] S60: After finishing the surface layer, remove the template, fully lay the template, protect the surface layer, lay a 15mm thick flat steel plate, and then erect the upper frame to complete the construction of the detachable waffle board.

[0013] The technical advantages of the detachable, single-tube waffle slab construction method provided by this invention are as follows:

[0014] (1) Through precise template support and laying, it is convenient to tie the bottom steel bars, avoid errors and deviations in the construction process, have a high degree of standardization, high construction precision, and ideal finished product effect, reduce quality defects, avoid the need for later repair costs, and greatly save quality costs. On-site assembly only requires the assembly of standardized units, thereby improving work efficiency. Each formwork shell can be assembled separately, so a large number of installation personnel can be organized to install at the same time, thereby shortening the construction period.

[0015] (2) By taking a series of measures, damage and deformation during construction were avoided, and the service life of the formwork was extended. In addition, by carefully designing and implementing concrete pouring and curing schemes, the flatness and strength of the concrete surface were ensured, and the overall performance of the floor slab was improved.

[0016] (3) Through precise layout and installation, effective anti-leakage measures, protection of waffle slab formwork, and scientific concrete pouring and curing schemes, high-quality floor slab construction has been achieved, which has broad application prospects and promotion value.

[0017] Based on the above technical solution, the construction method of the detachable waffle board of the present invention can be further improved as follows:

[0018] The specific steps for setting up lines and constructing full-span scaffolding at the construction site, measuring markers, and installing formwork include:

[0019] The first step is to use a line-laying device to mark the beam's axis, position line, and horizontal line at the construction location, and then verify them. Finally, a full-span steel pipe scaffold is erected on the floor.

[0020] The second step is to start the installation from one side of the span. First, install the first row of keels, temporarily fix them, and then install the second row of keels, and so on, row by row.

[0021] The third step is to install the top support assembly at the bottom of the keel, adjust the height of the top support, and level the main keel. When the span of the bottom plate of the beam is equal to or greater than 4m, the bottom support of the beam is arched, and the arch height is 1‰-3‰ of the beam span.

[0022] The third step is to first lay the bottom formwork of the beam, and then lay the side formwork of the beam and the bottom formwork of the slab in sequence.

[0023] The fourth step is to use a level to measure the elevation of the template after the platform slabs are laid, make corrections, use a straightedge to level it, clean up any debris on the templates, and conduct a pre-inspection.

[0024] The fifth step is to install the formwork at the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam with columns, first set up the column head formwork, and then set up the bottom formwork and side formwork of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the secondary beams, first set up the bottom formwork of the beam, leave a beam gap on the higher side formwork of the secondary beam, and set up the side formwork of the secondary beam at the same time. Stick sponge strips at the junction to ensure the tightness of the formwork and prevent grout leakage.

[0025] The sixth step is to ensure that the formwork is laid with continuous joints and that the joints are sealed with sealant to prevent grout leakage when pouring concrete.

[0026] Furthermore, the specific structure of the top support assembly includes a suspension lug, a leveling component, a top plate, a support frame, a slide rail, a pushing component, and a leveling adjustment component. The suspension lug is installed on the ceiling at the construction location. One end of the leveling component is fixedly connected to the suspension lug, and its height from the ground is the same as the height of the side wall of the top plate from the ground. One side of the leveling component is connected to the side of the top plate away from the leveling component. The top plate is installed at the bottom of the keel to support the keel and ensure the levelness of the keel during installation. The support frame is installed at the bottom of the top plate, and the height of the top plate is raised and lowered by the support frame. The leveling adjustment component is installed at the connection between the top plate and the support frame, and the leveling adjustment component is used to adjust the levelness of the top plate. The slide rail is installed on the side wall of the support frame, and the two sides of the pushing component are engaged inside the slide rail and move up and down along the slide rail to push the top plate to adjust its shape to support keels of different shapes.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows:

[0028] (1) The height of the top support assembly can be adjusted as needed to ensure that the keel is in the ideal horizontal position during installation. This adjustment function is especially important when the span of the beam bottom plate is large (such as 4 meters and above), because the beam will deform or tilt to a certain extent under such a span. The adjustment of the top support assembly can make precise height adjustment of the bottom of the beam, thereby ensuring that the keel is accurately aligned on the horizontal plane.

[0029] (2) The flatness of the keel is crucial to the stability of the entire structure. Especially when the beam span is large, a slight arching phenomenon is prone to occur at the bottom of the beam, that is, the uneven stress on the bottom plate of the beam causes a slight arching. The top support assembly can help correct this arching phenomenon by adjusting the height of the support point, adjusting the keel to a horizontal state, ensuring the flatness of the bottom of the beam, and avoiding damage caused by uneven stress on the structure.

[0030] (3) For beam bottom slabs with a span of 4 meters or more, the beam bottom needs to be cambered to a certain extent according to the specifications. Camber refers to the slight bending of the beam bottom slab, which helps maintain the overall stability and uniform stress of the beam under structural loads. The top support assembly can precisely adjust the camber height, usually between 1‰ and 3‰ of the beam span. This means that the top support not only helps to level the joists, but also adjusts the slight camber of the beam bottom as needed to ensure that the beam's stress meets the design requirements.

[0031] (4) During construction, the use of the top support component makes the adjustment of the keel more convenient and precise. With the top support component, construction workers can quickly adjust the height of the keel, avoiding tedious repeated measurements and adjustments, and greatly improving construction efficiency. In addition, the structural design of the top support can usually withstand a large load, ensuring that the keel remains stable during construction and is not prone to tilting or deformation.

[0032] (5) Through precise adjustment of the top support components, the keel can maintain better levelness and stability, which is crucial to the safety of the entire structure. Especially in the case of arching of the bottom support of large span beams, precise adjustment and appropriate arching height can effectively distribute and transfer the load, avoiding structural problems caused by uneven or unstable keel.

[0033] Furthermore, the leveling component includes a suspension cylinder, a shock-absorbing component, a hoisting component, a pressure-sensing component, a positioning line, and a Hall angle sensor. The suspension cylinder is fixed to the suspension lug by the hoisting component. The shock-absorbing component is provided at the bottom of the suspension cylinder to prevent the suspension cylinder from swaying. The opening of the suspension cylinder faces the top plate. The pressure-sensing component is provided at the middle position of its inner ring and at the edge of the opening. A connecting plate is provided at the center of the inside of the suspension cylinder. One end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the suspension cylinder, and the other end is connected to the positioning line. The other end of the positioning line is fixed at the edge of the top plate away from the leveling component. The levelness of the top plate is detected by detecting the position of the positioning line through the pressure-sensing component.

[0034] The Hall angle sensor is provided on the connecting plate, and the Hall angle sensor is used to measure the deflection angle of the connecting plate.

[0035] The top plate is flush with the center point of the opening of the suspension cylinder on the side closest to the top plate, and the suspension cylinder is cylindrical in shape, with the cross-sectional diameter of the side closest to the top plate being larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the side furthest from the top plate.

[0036] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved solution are as follows: The leveling component determines the levelness of the keel through the principle of gravity. It can quickly and accurately provide reference lines or planes, helping construction workers to make timely corrections during installation; it can significantly improve construction efficiency, reduce the time spent on manual inspection and adjustment, and thus accelerate the construction progress. Maintaining the levelness of the keel is crucial for the structural stability of the entire ceiling. If the keel is not kept level during installation, it can lead to uneven ceilings, loose ceiling panels, and even deformation or sagging during later use. The leveling component, through precise leveling adjustment, helps ensure the overall stability of the keel system and ceiling system, avoiding these problems.

[0037] Furthermore, the suspension lugs include three, which form an equilateral triangle structure on the ceiling at the construction location. They are connected to the hoisting assembly by three suspension ropes. The top of the hoisting assembly is provided with a threading hole for positioning the three suspension ropes. An equilateral triangle is connected to the middle position of the regular triangular pyramid formed by the three suspension ropes. Each of the three corners of the equilateral triangle is connected to a weight block. The weight blocks are used to ensure that the three corners of the equilateral triangle are evenly stressed and always face the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the levelness of the equilateral triangle.

[0038] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme is that when the three lines are evenly distributed on the hoisting component, asymmetrical torque can be effectively avoided.

[0039] Furthermore, the pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor and a convex member, the convex member being disposed at the bottom of the pressure sensor;

[0040] Each group of pressure sensing components includes 4-8 components, and the intervals between adjacent pressure sensing components in each group are the same in arc, and they are located on the same cross section of the suspension cylinder.

[0041] The positioning line is formed by multiple steel wires spiraling together, and its diameter is the same as 2 / 3 of the minimum cross-sectional radius of the suspension cylinder.

[0042] Furthermore, the top plate includes a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer, which are sequentially fixed together by bolts. The elastic coefficient decreases sequentially from top to bottom, making the stress on the top plate more uniform.

[0043] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the design of decreasing elastic coefficient from top to bottom can effectively disperse the stress on the top plate, reduce stress concentration in the upper layer, and enhance the overall stability and seismic performance of the structure. A higher elastic coefficient helps the upper layer to bear more load, while the lower layer can provide better support and buffering, ultimately improving the deformation resistance of the entire system.

[0044] Furthermore, the middle position of the top plate is configured with a pleated structure to match the top shape of the pushing component, so as to arch the bottom plate of the beam.

[0045] Furthermore, the leveling assembly includes three height-adjustable support feet, each consisting of a threaded rod, a nut, and a top seat. The support feet adjust the levelness of the top seat by rotating the nut, ensuring that the leveling assembly compensates for the instability of the top plate. A fine-tuning layer is provided on the top of the top seat, which is driven by a stack of piezoelectric ceramics. The expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramics are controlled by applying different voltages, which is used to fine-tune the height of the top plate.

[0046] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the height of the support feet can be gradually adjusted by rotating the nut, thereby ensuring the levelness of the top plate. This mechanical method allows the top plate to better adapt to uneven ground or tilting caused by structural deformation, ensuring that it remains level during installation or use. By combining the nut rotation adjustment and the dynamic adjustment method of the piezoelectric ceramic fine-tuning layer, the leveling component has good adaptability. The nut adjustment provides a large, coarse adjustment range, allowing for quick positioning during installation or initial adjustment. The piezoelectric ceramic layer provides finer dynamic adjustment, capable of responding in real time to and correcting minor unevenness or instability in the top plate. This dual adjustment mechanism enables the system to adapt to complex or dynamically changing environmental requirements.

[0047] Furthermore, a pusher is provided on the top of the pusher assembly, and the shape of the pusher is the same as the shape of the keel that needs to be fixed.

[0048] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the detachable waffle slab construction method provided by this invention are:

[0049] (1) Through precise template support and laying, it is convenient to tie the bottom steel bars, avoid errors and deviations in the construction process, have a high degree of standardization, high construction precision, and ideal finished product effect, reduce quality defects, avoid the need for later repair costs, and greatly save quality costs. On-site assembly only requires the assembly of standardized units, thereby improving work efficiency. Each formwork shell can be assembled separately, so a large number of installation personnel can be organized to install at the same time, thereby shortening the construction period.

[0050] (2) By taking a series of measures, damage and deformation during construction were avoided, and the service life of the formwork was extended. In addition, by carefully designing and implementing concrete pouring and curing schemes, the flatness and strength of the concrete surface were ensured, and the overall performance of the floor slab was improved.

[0051] (3) Through precise layout and installation, effective anti-leakage measures, protection of waffle slab formwork, and scientific concrete pouring and curing schemes, high-quality floor slab construction has been achieved, which has broad application prospects and promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0052] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart of a construction method for a detachable, single-tube waffle slab;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top support assembly for a detachable waffle board construction method;

[0055] Figure 3 Here is a schematic diagram of the structure of A;

[0056] Figure 4 Here is a schematic diagram of the structure of B;

[0057] Figure 5 A bottom view of the suspension lugs of the top support assembly in a detachable waffle board construction method.

[0058] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0059] 10. Suspension lugs; 20. Horizontal positioning assembly; 21. Suspension cylinder; 22. Shock absorption assembly; 23. Lifting assembly; 24. Pressure sensing assembly; 25. Positioning line; 26. Hall angle sensor; 30. Top plate; 31. Top layer; 32. Middle layer; 33. Bottom layer; 40. Support frame; 50. Slide rail; 60. Pushing assembly; 70. Horizontal adjustment assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a flowchart of a construction method for a detachable, single-tube waffle slab provided by this invention. The flowchart includes the following specific steps:

[0062] S10: Based on the construction drawings, prepare the formwork for the construction location of the waffle board, and set up poles and lines at the construction location, erect full-span scaffolding, measure the marks, and install the formwork;

[0063] S20: Clean the surface of the building formwork panels, and set the baseline and chalk lines for the waffle formwork.

[0064] S30: Lay out the layout according to the baseline and lay the waffle tube base;

[0065] S40: Waffle board reinforcement binding, installation of cylinder and cylinder cover, top wooden block pressing firmly, and the ends of the wooden block tied and fixed to the waffle board reinforcement;

[0066] S50: Pour the first half of the waffle slab concrete, remove the top timber when it is half dry, and continue pouring the waffle slab concrete.

[0067] S60: After finishing the surface layer, remove the template, fully lay the template, protect the surface layer, lay a 15mm thick flat steel plate, and then erect the upper frame to complete the construction of the detachable waffle board.

[0068] In the aforementioned technical solution, the specific steps for setting up lines and constructing full-span scaffolding at the construction location, measuring markers, and installing formwork include:

[0069] The first step is to use a line-laying device to mark the beam's axis, position line, and horizontal line at the construction location, and then verify them. Finally, a full-span steel pipe scaffold is erected on the floor.

[0070] The second step is to start the installation from one side of the span. First, install the first row of keels, temporarily fix them, and then install the second row of keels, and so on, row by row.

[0071] The third step is to install the top support assembly at the bottom of the keel, adjust the height of the top support, and level the main keel. When the span of the bottom plate of the beam is equal to or greater than 4m, the bottom support of the beam is arched, and the arch height is 1‰-3‰ of the beam span.

[0072] The third step is to first lay the bottom formwork of the beam, and then lay the side formwork of the beam and the bottom formwork of the slab in sequence.

[0073] The fourth step is to use a level to measure the elevation of the template after the platform slabs are laid, make corrections, use a straightedge to level it, clean up any debris on the templates, and conduct a pre-inspection.

[0074] The fifth step is to install the formwork at the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam with columns, first set up the column head formwork, and then set up the bottom formwork and side formwork of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the secondary beams, first set up the bottom formwork of the beam, leave a beam gap on the higher side formwork of the secondary beam, and set up the side formwork of the secondary beam at the same time. Stick sponge strips at the junction to ensure the tightness of the formwork and prevent grout leakage.

[0075] The sixth step is to ensure that the formwork is laid with continuous joints and that the joints are sealed with sealant to prevent grout leakage when pouring concrete.

[0076] The error of the waffle template baseline should be less than 2mm.

[0077] The specific method for securing the top timber is as follows: ensure that no timber is left unsecured, and that the timber is firmly fixed to the reinforcing steel bars to prevent the cylinder from floating.

[0078] The specific method for tying and fixing the ends of the timber to the reinforcing bars of the waffle slab is as follows:

[0079] The first step is to consider the placement and binding of the web reinforcement of the main and secondary beams when binding the reinforcement of the main beam. When binding the reinforcement of the main beam, the longitudinal and transverse web reinforcement can be bound to the bottom of the upper layer of the main reinforcement of the main beam in advance (one binding point is set every 2m). After the main reinforcement of the main beam is bound in place, the binding point between the web reinforcement and the surface layer of the main reinforcement is removed, and the web reinforcement is bound in place according to the design drawings.

[0080] The second step is to protect the waffle board formwork when tying the reinforcing bars, using wooden formwork and square timber as pads.

[0081] The third step is to conduct technical briefings on rebar tying before the construction team begins, and to strengthen on-site supervision and technical guidance during the rebar tying process to ensure that the rebar tying work is completed correctly and smoothly.

[0082] The fourth step is to strictly control the protective layer of the reinforcement according to the design requirements. The protective layer of the reinforcement uses mortar blocks of the same grade, and the spacing between the blocks is designed to be no more than 1000mm in both directions.

[0083] The specific method for pouring the first half of the waffle slab concrete, removing the top timber when it is semi-dry, and then continuing to pour the waffle slab concrete is as follows:

[0084] The first step is to lay a 2m wide plywood walkway above the waffle board formwork during the horizontal transportation of materials. Material transportation personnel must not step directly on the pipe caps, and other construction personnel should avoid stepping on the pipe caps to prevent damage or deformation of the waffle board formwork.

[0085] The second step is to avoid dragging the waffle board template on the fully laid plywood during the laying process, so as to avoid scratching the surface of the waffle board.

[0086] The third step is to pour concrete in two layers at 2 / 3 of the thickness of the floor slab, depending on the thickness of the waffle slab. After the first layer is poured, the wooden blocks are removed to prevent the concrete from being poured to the design elevation all at once.

[0087] The fourth step is concrete pouring. Depending on the actual site conditions, a combination of pumping and concrete placing boom can be used for pouring, followed by finishing. During pouring, the discharge hose must not come into contact with the waffle cylinder. Lay templates or other protective materials under the waffle template caps and steel pipe frames to avoid damage to the surface of the waffle template.

[0088] Fifth, when pouring concrete, it is not possible to pour directly onto the waffle slab formwork. A chute or baffle is required to discharge the concrete to prevent the waffle slab formwork from being misaligned or deformed, and protective measures should be taken for the surface of the waffle slab concrete.

[0089] The sixth step is to use a vibrator to vibrate the concrete. Try to avoid the vibrator coming into contact with the reinforcing bars and the formwork. In particular, make sure the vibrator does not come into contact with the cover plate and the bottom. The vibrator operator should be given special instructions during the construction vibration process.

[0090] After surface finishing, the formwork is removed, a full layer of formwork is laid, surface protection is applied, a 15mm thick flat steel plate is laid, and the upper frame is erected. The specific method for completing the construction of the detachable waffle slab is as follows:

[0091] The first step is to pour concrete while manually finishing it. Fix the molds on both sides of the concrete pouring area, use a scraper to finish the surface in the middle, and treat the concrete at the edge of the cover plate. When it is initially set, use a grinder to compact and level it. When the concrete is near final set (it will not sink when stepped on), use a grinder to smooth and polish it.

[0092] The second step is to spray water on the concrete surface and cover it with plastic film for curing within 24 hours after the concrete is poured. The curing period is 14 days. If the curing water is insufficient, an appropriate amount of water can be sprayed under the film.

[0093] Thirdly, because the waffle slab floor has a large number of pre-drilled holes and requires a very high degree of flatness in the concrete surface, the third layer of waffle slab must be completely covered with formwork for protection before the fourth layer is constructed, in order to prevent the fourth layer from being damaged during construction.

[0094] The specific steps for treating the concrete at the edge of the cover plate are as follows:

[0095] The first step is to ensure that the concrete surface around the cover plate and the top cover plate are level during the paving and leveling process. Professional finishing workers should focus on the fine leveling and finishing of the area around each cover plate.

[0096] The second step is to use a trowel to smooth and finish the surrounding area of ​​the top cover of the formwork. The trowel is applied from the concrete surface towards the top cover, and the top cover is wiped with cotton yarn at any time to ensure that there is no concrete aggregate on the top cover surface. The thickness of the grout should not exceed 1mm, so as to ensure a smooth and finished effect.

[0097] The third step, during the initial setting, involves using a polishing machine to lift, compact, and level the grout. During this process, a dedicated person must monitor the process and address any excessive thickness of grout or concrete aggregate on each top surface.

[0098] The fourth step is to clean the concrete top cover surface with a grinder before final setting and before polishing. Use a sharpened steel bar tip to cut away the laitance on the top cover along the 350mm diameter positioning ring.

[0099] Fifth step: Within 24 hours of pouring the concrete, remove the top cover and formwork. After removing the formwork, some edges may be uneven or have burrs. Remove the burrs and sand them with sandpaper. For burrs larger than 3mm, use cement slurry with adhesive to fill the gaps and then sand them with sandpaper.

[0100] like Figure 2-5 As shown, in the above technical solution, the specific structure of the top support assembly includes a suspension lug 10, a horizontal determining component 20, a top plate 30, a support frame 40, a slide rail 50, a pushing component 60, and a horizontal adjustment component 70. The suspension lug 10 is installed on the ceiling at the construction location. One end of the horizontal determining component 20 is fixedly connected to the suspension lug 10, and its height from the ground is the same as the height of the side wall of the top plate 30 from the ground. One side of the horizontal determining component 20 is connected to the side of the top plate 30 away from the horizontal determining component 20. The top plate 30 is installed on the ceiling of the building. The bottom of the keel is used to support the keel and ensure the horizontality of the keel during installation; a support frame 40 is provided at the bottom of the top plate 30, and the height of the top plate 30 is raised and lowered by the support frame 40; a horizontal adjustment component 70 is provided at the connection between the top plate 30 and the support frame 40, and the horizontal adjustment component 70 is used to adjust the horizontality of the top plate 30; a slide rail 50 is provided on the side wall of the support frame 40, and the two sides of the push component 60 are engaged inside the slide rail 50 and move up and down along the slide rail 50 to push the top plate 30 to adjust its shape to support keels of different shapes.

[0101] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the level determination component 20 includes a suspension cylinder 21, a shock absorption component 22, a hoisting component 23, a pressure sensing component 24, a positioning line 25, and a Hall angle sensor 26. The suspension cylinder 21 is fixed to the suspension lug 10 by the hoisting component 23. The bottom of the suspension cylinder 21 is provided with a shock absorption component 22 to prevent the suspension cylinder 21 from shaking. The opening of the suspension cylinder 21 faces the top plate 30. Pressure sensing components 24 are provided at the middle position of its inner ring and at the edge of the opening. A connecting plate is provided at the center of the inside of the suspension cylinder 21. One end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the suspension cylinder 21, and the other end is connected to the positioning line 25. The other end of the positioning line 25 is fixed at the edge of the top plate 30 away from the level determination component 20. The levelness of the top plate 30 is detected by the position detection of the positioning line 25 by the pressure sensing component 24.

[0102] A Hall angle sensor 26 is provided on the connecting plate, which is used to measure the deflection angle of the connecting plate.

[0103] The side of the top plate 30 closest to the suspension cylinder 21 is flush with the center point of the opening of the suspension cylinder 21, and the suspension cylinder 21 is cylindrical in shape, with the cross-sectional diameter of the side closest to the top plate 30 being larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the side furthest from the top plate 30.

[0104] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the suspension lugs 10 include three, which form an equilateral triangle structure on the ceiling at the construction position. They are connected to the hoisting assembly 23 by three suspension ropes. The top of the hoisting assembly 23 is provided with a wire hole for positioning the three suspension ropes. An equilateral triangle is connected to the middle position of the regular triangular pyramid formed by the three suspension ropes. Weights are connected to the three corners of the equilateral triangle. The weights are used to ensure that the three corners of the equilateral triangle are evenly stressed and always face the vertical direction, so as to ensure the levelness of the equilateral triangle.

[0105] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the pressure sensing component 24 includes a pressure sensor and a convex member, the convex member being disposed at the bottom of the pressure sensor;

[0106] Each group of pressure sensing components 24 includes 4-8 components, and the interval between adjacent pressure sensing components 24 in each group is the same arc, located on the same cross section of the suspension cylinder 21.

[0107] The positioning line 25 is made of multiple steel wires spiraled together, and its diameter is the same as 2 / 3 of the minimum cross-sectional radius of the suspension cylinder 21.

[0108] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the top plate 30 includes a top layer 31, a middle layer 32 and a bottom layer 33. The top layer 31, the middle layer 32 and the bottom layer 33 are connected in sequence by bolts, and their elastic coefficients decrease from top to bottom, so that the top plate 30 is subjected to more uniform stress.

[0109] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the middle position of the top plate 30 is set as a pleated structure to match the top shape of the pushing component 60, so as to arch the bottom plate of the beam.

[0110] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the leveling component 70 includes three height-adjustable support feet. Each support foot consists of a threaded rod, a nut, and a top seat. The support feet adjust the levelness of the top seat by rotating the nut to ensure that the leveling component 70 compensates for the instability of the top plate 30. A fine-tuning layer is provided on the top of the top seat. The fine-tuning layer is driven by a stack of piezoelectric ceramics. By applying different voltages, the expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramics are controlled to fine-tune the height of the top plate 30.

[0111] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a pusher is provided on the top of the pusher component 60, and the shape of the pusher is the same as the shape of the keel that needs to be fixed.

[0112] When installing and positioning the keel, ensure it is level. The leveling component 20 and the pushing component 60 work together to lift the top plate 30. The keel gradually rises as the top plate 30 moves. When it reaches the predetermined position, level the top plate 30 and place the leveling component 70 between the support frame 40 and the top plate 30. Hang the other end of the positioning line 25 on the top plate 30. When the top plate 30 is level, the positioning line 25 is horizontal. When the top plate 30 is uneven, the positioning line 25 tilts and touches the pressure sensing component 24. The pressure sensing component 24 is electrically connected to the CPU and display, enabling real-time display of pressure data. Adjust the nuts on each leg of the leveling component 70 to adjust the height of the connecting plate until the top plate 30 is level.

[0113] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: By precisely controlling the support and laying of the formwork, the installation accuracy and stability of the waffle slab formwork are ensured, thereby improving the construction quality and efficiency of the floor slab. During the formwork support process, the method of first supporting the column head formwork and then supporting the bottom and side formwork of the main and secondary beams is adopted to ensure the overall stability of the formwork. At the same time, the sponge strips are pasted and glue is applied at the junctions to effectively prevent grout leakage. During the installation of the waffle slab formwork, the waffle cylinder base is accurately placed by using layout lines and layout diagrams to ensure the positioning accuracy of the waffle slab. The method of using wooden squares for top pressing and steel bar binding for fixing is adopted to prevent the cylinder from floating and to ensure the correct position of the steel bars. In addition, the construction quality is further improved by protective measures during the horizontal transportation of materials, the layered pouring and vibration method during concrete pouring, and the finishing treatment of the concrete surface. Finally, the strength and flatness of the waffle slab concrete are ensured by water curing and concrete surface protection measures.

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a detachable, integral waffle slab, characterized in that, The specific steps include the following: S10: Based on the construction drawings, prepare the formwork for the construction location of the waffle board, and set up poles and lines at the construction location, erect full-span scaffolding, measure the marks, and install the formwork; S20: Clean the surface of the building formwork panels, and set the baseline and chalk lines for the waffle formwork. S30: Lay out the layout according to the baseline and lay the waffle tube base; S40: Waffle board reinforcement binding, installation of cylinder and cylinder cover, top wooden block pressing firmly, and the ends of the wooden block tied and fixed to the waffle board reinforcement; S50: Pour the first half of the waffle slab concrete, remove the top timber when it is half dry, and continue pouring the waffle slab concrete. S60: After finishing the surface layer, remove the template, fully lay the template, protect the surface layer, lay a 15mm thick flat steel plate, and then erect the upper frame to complete the construction of the whole tube detachable waffle board. The specific steps for setting up poles and lines at the construction site, erecting full-span scaffolding, measuring markers, and installing formwork include: The first step is to use a line-laying device to mark the beam's axis, position line, and horizontal line at the construction location, and then verify them. Finally, a full-span steel pipe scaffold is erected on the floor. The second step is to start the installation from one side of the span. First, install the first row of keels, temporarily fix them, and then install the second row of keels, and so on, row by row. The third step is to install the top support assembly at the bottom of the keel, adjust the height of the top support, and level the main keel. When the span of the bottom plate of the beam is equal to or greater than 4m, the bottom support of the beam is arched, and the arch height is 1‰-3‰ of the beam span. The third step is to first lay the bottom formwork of the beam, and then lay the side formwork of the beam and the bottom formwork of the slab in sequence. The fourth step is to use a level to measure the elevation of the template after the platform slabs are laid, make corrections, use a straightedge to level it, clean up any debris on the templates, and conduct a pre-inspection. The fifth step is to install the formwork at the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the main beam and the secondary beam with columns, first set up the column head formwork, and then set up the bottom formwork and side formwork of the main beam and the secondary beam. At the junction of the secondary beams, first set up the bottom formwork of the beam, leave a beam gap on the higher side formwork of the secondary beam, and set up the side formwork of the secondary beam at the same time. Stick sponge strips at the junction to ensure the tightness of the formwork and prevent grout leakage. The sixth step is to ensure that the formwork is laid with continuous joints and that the joints are sealed with sealant to prevent grout leakage when pouring concrete. The specific structure of the top support assembly includes a suspension lug (10), a leveling component (20), a top plate (30), a support frame (40), a slide rail (50), a pushing component (60), and a leveling adjustment component (70). The suspension lug (10) is installed on the ceiling at the construction location. One end of the leveling component (20) is fixedly connected to the suspension lug (10), and its height from the ground is the same as the height of the side wall of the top plate (30) from the ground. One side of the leveling component (20) is connected to the side of the top plate (30) away from the leveling component (20). The top plate (30) is installed at the bottom of the keel to support the keel and... To ensure the horizontality of the keel during installation; the bottom of the top plate (30) is provided with the support frame (40), which raises and lowers the height of the top plate (30); the horizontal adjustment component (70) is provided at the connection between the top plate (30) and the support frame (40), which is used to adjust the horizontality of the top plate (30); the side wall of the support frame (40) is provided with the slide rail (50), and the two sides of the pushing component (60) are engaged inside the slide rail (50) and move up and down along the slide rail (50) to push the top plate (30) to adjust its shape to support keels of different shapes; The horizontal determination component (20) includes a suspension cylinder (21), a shock absorption component (22), a hoisting component (23), a pressure sensing component (24), a positioning line (25), and a Hall angle sensor (26). The suspension cylinder (21) is fixed to the suspension lug (10) by the hoisting component (23). The shock absorption component (22) is provided at the bottom of the suspension cylinder (21) to prevent the suspension cylinder (21) from shaking. The opening of the suspension cylinder (21) faces the top plate (30), and its inner ring... The pressure sensing component (24) is provided at the middle position and the edge of the opening. A connecting plate is provided at the center of the inside of the suspension cylinder (21). One end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the suspension cylinder (21), and the other end is connected to the positioning line (25). The other end of the positioning line (25) is fixed at the edge of the top plate (30) away from the level determining component (20). The levelness of the top plate (30) is detected by the pressure sensing component (24) detecting the position of the positioning line (25). The connecting plate is provided with the Hall angle sensor (26), which is used to measure the deflection angle of the connecting plate; The top plate (30) is flush with the center point of the opening of the suspension cylinder (21) on the side near the top plate (30), and the suspension cylinder (21) is cylindrical in shape, with the cross-sectional diameter of the side near the top plate (30) being larger than the cross-sectional diameter of the side away from the top plate (30).

2. The construction method for a detachable waffle slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension lugs (10) include three, which form an equilateral triangle structure on the ceiling at the construction location. They are connected to the hoisting assembly (23) by three suspension ropes. The top of the hoisting assembly (23) is provided with a wire hole for positioning the three suspension ropes. An equilateral triangle is connected to the middle position of the regular triangular pyramid formed by the three suspension ropes. A weight block is connected to each of the three corners of the equilateral triangle. The weight block is used to ensure that the three corners of the equilateral triangle are subjected to uniform force and always face the vertical direction, so as to ensure the levelness of the equilateral triangle.

3. The construction method for a detachable waffle slab according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure sensing component (24) includes a pressure sensor and a convex member, the convex member being disposed at the bottom of the pressure sensor; Each group of pressure sensing components (24) includes 4-8 units, and the interval between adjacent pressure sensing components (24) in each group is the same arc, and they are located on the same cross section of the suspension cylinder (21). The positioning line (25) is formed by multiple steel wires spiraling together, and its diameter is the same as 2 / 3 of the minimum cross-sectional radius of the suspension cylinder (21).

4. The construction method of a detachable waffle slab according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top plate (30) includes a top layer (31), a middle layer (32) and a bottom layer (33). The top layer (31), the middle layer (32) and the bottom layer (33) are connected in sequence by bolts. Their elastic coefficients decrease from top to bottom, making the stress on the top plate (30) more uniform.

5. The construction method of a detachable waffle slab according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top plate (30) is configured with a pleated structure in the middle to match the top shape of the push assembly (60) to arch the bottom plate of the beam.

6. The construction method of a detachable waffle slab according to claim 5, characterized in that, The leveling assembly (70) includes three height-adjustable support feet, each consisting of a threaded rod, a nut, and a top seat. The support feet adjust the level of the top seat by rotating the nut to ensure that the leveling assembly (70) compensates for the instability of the top plate (30). A fine-tuning layer is provided on the top of the top seat. The fine-tuning layer is driven by a stack of piezoelectric ceramics. The expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric ceramics are controlled by applying different voltages to fine-tune the height of the top plate (30).

7. The construction method for a detachable waffle slab according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the pushing assembly (60) is provided with a pushing member, the shape of which is the same as the shape of the keel that needs to be fixed.

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