Variable-speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of public traffic safety, and discloses a variable-speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire disasters and a control method. The smoke prevention device is fixed to a station platform and a partition wall between adjacent piston air holes of the station platform and sprays air flow towards a subway interval tunnel in the fire disaster direction, and a smoke blocking air curtain is formed. The linkage control line is arranged, the air curtain machine is connected with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air holes, opening and closing of the air curtain machine are controlled through the switch controller, fire disasters are responded in time, and the smoke prevention effect is achieved. In the smoke prevention control method, when the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated, the influence factor of the air flowing speed of the high-temperature side of the smoke prevention device is increased, the risk that wind pressure brought by piston wind accelerates diffusion of smoke to a train rail running area and a platform public area is reduced, and the smoke prevention effect is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of public transportation safety, and in particular to a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device and a control method for subway section tunnel fire. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of public transportation in my country and the need for efficient travel by the people, building subways underground in large cities has become one of the key directions for the development of the current transportation industry. Compared with ground public transportation, subways have the advantages of being convenient, fast, comfortable, and saving land. Subway trains shuttle between the station track area and the interval tunnels between stations to realize passenger transportation functions. As a large, narrow and semi-enclosed public space, underground stations are basically isolated from the outside environment except for the station entrances and exits and the air shafts on both sides. Once a fire occurs in a train running in the interval tunnel, toxic and harmful high-temperature smoke will accumulate rapidly and it will be difficult to discharge it in time, affecting the evacuation of train passengers and the operation of vehicles. In addition, under the action of the train piston wind, the smoke will spread along the axis to the stations at both ends of the interval tunnel, until the station track area and platform level, posing a threat to the personal safety of more passengers.

[0003] In the smoke exhaust system of subway tunnels, mechanical smoke exhaust is generally carried out by arranging tunnel fans in the stations at both ends of the tunnel. When a fire occurs in the interval tunnel, smoke is generated from the fire. Under the action of the tunnel fan, it reaches the station hall through the piston air holes on the top plate of the platform layer and is discharged to the outside through the piston air shaft. The fans at both ends of the tunnel exhaust the smoke by supplying and exhausting air to form an airflow. During the entire smoke exhaust process, the smoke is very likely to spread further to the train track area and the platform public area, affecting passengers in the station. In most cases of building fires, most people died due to inhalation of toxic and harmful smoke. Underground stations are more airtight, and the proportion of people killed in subway interval tunnel fires will be higher.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a variable-speed air curtain smoke prevention device and control method for subway section tunnel fires, which can improve the smoke prevention effect, reduce the impact of subway section tunnel fires on the track area and platform level of the subway station, and provide protection for the rapid evacuation of passengers. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway section tunnel fire, the smoke prevention device comprises: an air curtain machine, a fixing device, a sensor device, a flow rate control module, and a start control module; The air curtain machine is fixed on the partition wall between the station platform and the adjacent piston air hole through the fixing device; the air curtain machine sprays air flow toward the subway section tunnel in the direction of the fire to form a smoke-blocking air curtain; The sensor device measures the air temperature on both sides of the smoke-blocking air curtain and the wind speed of the piston air hole; The flow rate control module is used to control the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine; The start control module includes an interlocking control line and a switch controller; the interlocking control line connects the air curtain machine with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air hole, and controls the opening and closing of the air curtain machine through the switch controller.

[0006] Furthermore, the air curtain machine is composed of an air curtain machine fixing plate, a device casing, a variable frequency centrifugal fan, an air curtain generating slit, and an air inlet.

[0007] Furthermore, the flow rate control module includes a speed control cabinet, which is located on the side of the air curtain machine and is internally provided with a signal converter, a logic controller and a frequency conversion controller.

[0008] On the other hand, the present application also provides a variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire, which is performed based on any of the above variable speed air curtain smoke control devices for subway tunnel fire, and the smoke control method includes the following steps: Monitor the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke control device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; According to the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke proof device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke proof device, the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated by the minimum bending modulus method; The smoke prevention device sprays air flow into the subway section tunnel at the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine to perform smoke prevention operations.

[0009] Furthermore, the air density on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device is obtained by: Monitor the air temperature on the high temperature side and low temperature side of the smoke control device respectively; The air densities on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device are calculated by monitoring the air temperatures on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated by the minimum bending modulus method, including: Check the Hayes bending modulus diagram to get the minimum bending modulus corresponding to the operation of the air curtain machine; The air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke proof device, the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke proof device and the minimum bending modulus are substituted into the minimum bending modulus formula for calculation to obtain the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine.

[0011] Furthermore, the minimum bending modulus formula is: ; in, Indicates the density of the air ejected by the air curtain machine; b k Indicates the jet slit width of the air curtain machine; V0 indicates the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine; V h Indicates the air flow velocity on the high temperature side of the smoke control device; D min It indicates the minimum bending modulus when the air curtain is running; g indicates the acceleration of gravity; H indicates the length of the smoke-proof air curtain; Indicates the air temperature on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; It represents the air temperature on the high temperature side of the smoke control device. This formula takes into account the influence of piston wind pressure.

[0012] Furthermore, the following formula is used to calculate the corresponding air density based on the air temperature: ; in represents the air density and t represents the air temperature.

[0013] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects: The variable-speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway section tunnel fires provided in the present application is fixed on the partition wall between the station platform and its adjacent piston air holes, and sprays air flow toward the subway section tunnel in the direction of the fire to form a smoke-blocking air curtain; an interlocking control line is set to connect the air curtain machine with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air holes, and the opening and closing of the air curtain machine is controlled by a switch controller to respond to the fire in time and exert the smoke prevention effect.

[0014] In the smoke control method, when calculating the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine, the influencing factor of the air flow velocity on the high-temperature side of the smoke prevention device is added to reduce the risk of the wind pressure brought by the piston wind accelerating the spread of smoke to the train track area and the platform public area, thereby further improving the smoke prevention effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a top view of the operating principle of the variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a front schematic diagram of a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Detailed schematic diagram of an air curtain machine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Detailed schematic diagram of a fixing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an implementation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a detailed schematic diagram of a speed control cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a flow chart of a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention control method for a subway tunnel fire provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a Hayes bending modulus diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the steps of a variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fires provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] 1. Air curtain machine; 1-1. Air curtain machine fixing plate; 1-2. Device housing; 1-3. Variable frequency centrifugal fan; 1-4. Air curtain generation gap; 1-5. Air inlet; 2. Smoke barrier air curtain; 3. Interlocking control line; 4. Cable power supply line; 5. Local control cabinet; 6. Fixing device; 6-1. Metal gasket; 6-2. Fixing screw; 6-3. Fixing nut; 7. Switch controller; 8. Speed ​​control cabinet; 8-1. Signal converter; 8-2. Logic controller; 8-3. Variable frequency controller; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Wind speed sensor; A1. First air curtain machine; A2. Second air curtain machine; B1. Third air curtain machine; B2. Fourth air curtain machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Due to the long section and closed space of subway tunnels, smoke easily accumulates and is affected by piston wind, quickly spreading to the station track area and the public area on the station floor, affecting the personal safety of station passengers. Existing research has not linked control with the subway smoke exhaust system, and it is difficult to respond in time when a fire occurs in the tunnel, which poses a safety hazard. In addition, when setting the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine, only the thermal pressure on both sides of the air curtain machine is considered, resulting in inaccurate setting of the outlet wind speed, further reducing the smoke prevention effect.

[0027] On one hand, the present application provides a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway section tunnel fire, the smoke prevention device comprising: an air curtain machine 1, a fixing device 6, a sensor device, a flow rate control module, and a start control module; The air curtain machine 1 is fixed to the partition wall between the station platform and the adjacent piston air hole through the fixing device 6; There are four air curtain machines 1 in each underground station, which are arranged at the left and right lines at both ends of the station, at the connection between the track area and the section tunnel, and on the partition wall between the platform equipment area and the outer corridor. The detailed locations are as follows: Figure 1 The air curtain machine 1 is about 3m away from the edge of the piston air hole. Considering that the fixed position of the device will directly affect the smoke prevention effect, if the air curtain machine 1 is located inside the piston air hole, it will directly block the smoke from being discharged from the piston air hole. In addition, considering that there is a heat exhaust duct on the top plate here, the space is limited, and the construction and installation are difficult, the air curtain machine 1 is fixed to the outer partition wall of the equipment area through the fixing device 6. The detailed fixing method is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it does not affect the normal smoke exhaust and is convenient for the later maintenance and repair of the air curtain machine 1.

[0028] Two air curtain machine fixing plates 1-1 are installed on the back of each air curtain machine 1, which are fixed by screw holes reserved in advance. When fixing, the fixing screws 6-2 are passed through the air curtain machine fixing plates 1-1, metal gaskets 6-1 and partition walls in turn. The air curtain machine is fixed with fixing nuts 6-3 on both sides of the partition wall. The fixing screws and fixing nuts are both made of metal. Each air curtain machine 1 is equipped with 2 metal gaskets 6-1, 4 fixing screws 6-2 and 8 fixing nuts 6-3.

[0029] In some embodiments, the air curtain machine 1 is composed of an air curtain machine fixing plate 1-1, a device housing 1-2, a variable frequency centrifugal fan 1-3, an air curtain generating gap 1-4, and an air inlet 1-5. Figure 4As shown, the core component inside the air curtain machine 1 is the variable frequency centrifugal fan 1-3, which is used to provide power. Each air curtain machine 1 contains three variable frequency centrifugal fans 1-3, which are arranged in parallel and can be controlled by variable frequency. The device housing 1-2 mainly plays a modular role, connecting the various components into a whole. The air is sucked in by the variable frequency centrifugal fan 1-3 from the air inlet 1-5, and is discharged from the air outlet, i.e., the air curtain generating slit 1-4, under the action of the fan, to form a smoke-proof air curtain 2 to prevent smoke from diffusing. The air supply angle of the air curtain generating slit 1-4 is set to 15°. The present application sets the air supply angle of the air curtain generating slit 1-4 to 15°, which has a better smoke-proof effect.

[0030] The air curtain machine 1 sprays air flow toward the subway tunnel in the direction of the fire to form a smoke-blocking air curtain 2; The smoke-proof air curtain 2 can effectively separate the subway section tunnel from the station track area and the station floor public area, and control the fire smoke in the subway section tunnel area, which is conducive to the centralized exhaust of smoke and the improvement of smoke exhaust efficiency, and can also prevent the further spread of smoke, thereby reducing the impact of the tunnel fire on the subway station track area and platform layer.

[0031] A sensor device for measuring the air temperature on both sides of the smoke-blocking air curtain 2 and the wind speed of the piston air hole; In some embodiments, the sensing device is composed of a temperature sensor 9 and a wind speed sensor 10. The temperature sensor 9 is used to measure the air temperature on both sides of the smoke-blocking air curtain 2. Each air curtain smoke-proof device is equipped with two temperature sensors 9, which are respectively placed on both sides of the smoke-blocking air curtain 2, and the thermal pressure is calculated by measuring the temperature difference on both sides; the wind speed sensor 10 is placed near the piston air hole, and each air curtain smoke-proof device is equipped with one, which is used to measure the wind speed of the piston air hole for subsequent calculation of the wind pressure.

[0032] A flow rate control module is used to control the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine 1; In some embodiments, the flow rate control module includes a speed control cabinet 8, which is located on the side of the air curtain machine 1 and has a signal converter 8-1, a logic controller 8-2 and a frequency conversion controller 8-3 inside. Figure 7 The main function is to measure the input data from the sensor, and transmit the result to the frequency conversion controller 8-3 through signal conversion and control program calculation to realize frequency conversion control and achieve the purpose of real-time adjustment of wind speed.

[0033] The start control module includes an interlocking control line 3 and a switch controller 7 ; the interlocking control line 3 connects the air curtain machine 1 with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air hole, and controls the opening and closing of the air curtain machine 1 through the switch controller 7 .

[0034] like Figure 3As shown, the interlocking control line 3 connects the air curtain machine 1 with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan at the station hall level through the piston air hole to realize the interlocking control of the tunnel smoke exhaust fan and the air curtain machine; the cable power supply line 4 connects the local control cabinet 5 with the air curtain machine 1 to realize the power supply and independent control functions. The temperature sensor 9 and the wind speed sensor 10 are connected to the speed control cabinet 8 to input the collected data for calculating the air curtain jet velocity.

[0035] The speed control cabinet 8 is located on the side of the air curtain machine 1, and a signal converter 8-1 is arranged inside. Its main function is to convert the data collected by the temperature sensor 9 and the wind speed sensor 10 into a digital signal recognizable by the logic controller 8-2. The logic controller 8-2 calculates through the formula written in advance inside, and outputs the calculation result through a digital signal, which is transmitted to the frequency conversion controller 8-3. The frequency conversion centrifugal fan 1-3 is frequency-controlled according to the calculation result to achieve the purpose of adjusting the wind speed.

[0036] The start control module is used to control the opening and closing of the air curtain machine 1.

[0037] In some embodiments, the start control module includes an interlocking control line 3 and a switch controller 7; the interlocking control line 3 connects the air curtain machine 1 to the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air hole, and controls the opening and closing of the air curtain machine 1 through the switch controller 7.

[0038] The interlocking control line 3 connects the air curtain machine 1 with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan at the station hall level through the piston air hole, and realizes the interlocking control of the tunnel smoke exhaust fan and the air curtain machine through the switch controller 7; the cable power supply line 4 connects the local control cabinet 5 with the air curtain machine 1 to realize power supply and independent control functions.

[0039] The switch controller 7 is located on the side of the air curtain machine 1. Its function is to control the opening and closing of the air curtain machine, and is connected to the local control cabinet 5 and the tunnel fan to realize local manual control and interlocking control.

[0040] The variable-speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway section tunnel fires provided in the present application is fixed on the partition wall between the station platform and its adjacent piston air holes, and sprays air flow toward the subway section tunnel in the direction of the fire to form a smoke-blocking air curtain; an interlocking control line is set to connect the air curtain machine with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan through the piston air holes, and the opening and closing of the air curtain machine is controlled by a switch controller to respond to the fire in time and exert the smoke prevention effect.

[0041] The variable speed air curtain smoke prevention control method for subway tunnel fire provided in the present application is implemented based on the variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire in the above embodiment. The smoke prevention control method includes the following steps: S1: Monitor the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke control device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; In some embodiments, the air density on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device is obtained by: Monitor the air temperature on the high temperature side and low temperature side of the smoke control device respectively; The air densities on the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side of the smoke prevention device are calculated using the air temperatures on the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side of the smoke prevention device respectively.

[0042] In some embodiments, the following formula is used to calculate the corresponding air density based on the air temperature: ; (1) in represents the air density, which is the quantity to be determined, and t represents the air temperature, which is the test quantity, measured by the temperature sensor 9, and the unit is °C. 1.293 is 0 °C, the air density under standard atmospheric pressure, and 273.15 is the Kelvin temperature corresponding to 0 °C.

[0043] Use the above formula to calculate the air density on the high temperature side and low temperature side of the smoke control device when a fire occurs in a subway tunnel. and , the tunnel is at standard atmospheric pressure.

[0044] S2: Calculate the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine by the minimum bending modulus method based on the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke control device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; When the air curtain machine 1 is operating normally and stably, the air curtain machine is required to maintain a certain jet velocity to ensure that the air curtain machine can withstand the impact of smoke and piston wind. If the jet velocity of the air curtain machine is too large, the fan energy consumption will be too high, which does not meet the needs of energy conservation and emission reduction. If the jet velocity is too small, it will not be able to withstand the piston wind pressure and the heat pressure of the fire, and the air curtain will not be able to achieve the smoke-blocking effect. Therefore, it is very important to choose a suitable air curtain outlet velocity. According to Hayes's relevant research, the minimum bending modulus method can be used to calculate the outlet wind velocity of the air curtain machine. By introducing the concept of the minimum bending modulus Dmin, a curve diagram of the minimum bending modulus Dmin, the injection angle α and the relative length of the air curtain (H / b) to ensure the stable operation of the air curtain under the action of heat pressure is given, as shown in Fig. 9 shown.

[0045] However, this method only considers the thermal pressure on both sides of the air curtain. When used in subway tunnel fires, the piston wind speed is high and the air volume is large, and the lateral piston wind pressure also needs to be considered. Therefore, in some embodiments, the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated by the minimum bending modulus method, including: Check the Hayes bending modulus diagram to get the minimum bending modulus corresponding to the operation of the air curtain machine; The air flow velocity, air density on the high temperature side of the smoke proof device, the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke proof device and the minimum bending modulus are substituted into the minimum bending modulus formula for calculation to obtain the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine.

[0046] In some embodiments, when calculating the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine, the influence of piston wind is taken into account, and the Hayes bending modulus formula is modified, and the minimum bending modulus formula used is: ; (2) in, Indicates the density of the air ejected by the air curtain machine, in kg / m 3 ; b k Indicates the jet slit width of the air curtain machine, in m; V0 indicates the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine, in m / s; V h Indicates the air flow velocity on the high temperature side of the smoke control device, in m / s; D min It indicates the minimum bending modulus corresponding to the operation of the air curtain machine, which can be obtained by looking up the Hayes bending modulus diagram; g indicates the acceleration of gravity; H indicates the length of the smoke-proof air curtain, in meters; Indicates the air temperature on the low temperature side of the smoke control device. In this invention, it refers to the air density on the platform side. The unit is kg / m 3 ; Indicates the air temperature on the high temperature side of the smoke control device. In this invention, it refers to the air density on the tunnel side of the interval. The unit is kg / m 3 This formula takes into account the air flow velocity on the high temperature side of the smoke control device and adds the influence of the piston wind pressure, which improves the calculation accuracy of the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine.

[0047] According to formula (1) and formula (2), combined with the actual parameters on site, V0, that is, the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine, can be obtained. This calculation process is automatically completed by the logic controller 8-2.

[0048] S3: The smoke prevention device sprays air flow into the subway tunnel at the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine to perform smoke prevention operations; Exemplary implementation schemes of a variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device and control method for subway tunnel fires are as follows: Step 1: Installation of air curtain machine 1: Assemble the parts of air curtain machine 1 as required, adjust the air curtain jet angle to 15°, the height of air curtain machine 1 is about 3m, and the horizontal distance from the piston air hole is controlled to be about 3m. According to the specific subway station, the width of the air curtain gap 1-4 is 0.2m, and the width of the air inlet 1-5 is 0.5m. The installation position is as follows: Figure 1As shown, it should be ensured that its position is between the piston air hole and the track area, align the fixing device 6 on the back of the air curtain machine 1 with the reserved hole on the wall, insert the metal gasket 6-1 in the middle, and connect the fixing nuts 6-3 in series, and fix them on both sides through the fixing screws 6-2, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0049] Step 2: Control part of smoke-proof air curtain 2: After the air curtain machine 1 is fixed and installed as required, it is connected to the local control cabinet 5 through the cable power supply line 4, which plays the role of wiring power supply and manual control. The local control cabinet is directly fixed to the wall, and the opening and closing of the air curtain machine 1 can be manually controlled. At the same time, the air curtain machine is interlocked with the tunnel smoke exhaust fan on the station hall level, and the fan is connected to the air curtain through the interlocking control line 3. The piston air hole is passed in the middle to avoid adding new holes. The control logic is as follows: (1) Taking a single-track tunnel as an example, for a general subway section tunnel, there is no section ventilation shaft in the middle. When the front or rear of a train is on fire and it stops between two stations, Figure 6 As shown in the section tunnel fire, according to the principle of "nearby smoke exhaust" for accident ventilation stipulated in the "Metro Design Code", the accident ventilation method should be that the fan at the rear station delivers fresh air and the fan at the front station exhausts smoke. In this mode, passengers upstream of the fire source can evacuate to the unburned tunnel through the rear station or the connecting passage against the fresh air to ensure the safe evacuation of passengers in a smoke-free environment. At this time, taking the left-line section tunnel as an example, the tunnel smoke exhaust fan at the front station is started and rotated forward to exhaust smoke, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the first air curtain A1 linked with it is started to isolate and gather smoke, and the fan in the tunnel of the rear station is reversed to supply air. Figure 6 As shown in the fire in the right-line section tunnel, the second air curtain machine A2 linked to it is started, which can not only isolate the smoke brought by the flow of passengers in the tunnel, but also prevent the outside air from entering the public area of ​​the station hall when the smoke exhaust fan is replenishing air, thus affecting the environment inside the station. The opening method of the third and fourth air curtain machines on the right end is similar.

[0050] (2) When a train is forced to stop in a section tunnel due to a fire in the middle, the personnel will evacuate to the stations on both sides or enter the nearby tunnel where no fire has occurred through the communication channel. At this time, the smoke exhaust method of the tunnel still adopts the principle of nearby smoke exhaust, that is, the front station exhausts smoke and the rear station replenishes air. At this time, the smoke exhaust fans on both sides of the fire tunnel are turned on, and the air curtain machine 1 is also turned on through the interlocking control line 3. That is, if a fire occurs in any section tunnel, when the smoke exhaust fans of the front and rear stations are turned on, the air curtain machines 1 interlocked with them are also turned on.

[0051] (3) When the smoke exhaust of the interval tunnel is completed, the tunnel smoke exhaust fan is turned off, and the air curtain machine 1 interlocked with it will also be turned off. When the tunnel smoke exhaust fan fails and the interlocking device fails, the air curtain machine 1 can be started and stopped manually through the local control cabinet 5; (4) When a fire occurs in the track area of ​​a station, Figure 6 Taking the left track area as an example, smoke is generally exhausted through the track top heat exhaust duct on the platform layer. When necessary, the tunnel fans on both sides will be turned on to assist in smoke exhaust and reduce the impact of air leakage from the shielding door. At this time, according to the interlocking setting, the first air curtain machine A1 and the third air curtain machine B1 interlocked with the tunnel fan will be started in a chain to block the smoke from being discharged from the piston air holes, which will hinder the auxiliary smoke exhaust. At this time, the first air curtain machine A1 and the third air curtain machine B1 should be closed by manual control, that is, when a fire occurs in the platform track area and the tunnel smoke exhaust fan assists in smoke exhaust, the air curtain machines 1 on both sides need to be manually closed, which is the same for the left and right lines.

[0052] Therefore, the control mode of the air curtain smoke prevention device is two-level control, including automatic interlocking control and manual local control, among which manual local control has priority.

[0053] Step 3: Variable wind speed adjustment process of air curtain: When a fire occurs, the station control center will control the tunnel smoke exhaust fan to exhaust smoke. At this time, the air curtain devices on both sides will be started due to the interlocking effect. When the interlocking device fails, it needs to be opened manually. At this time, the temperature sensor 9 and the wind speed sensor 10 will continuously collect temperature and wind speed data at a cycle of once per second, and transmit them to the signal converter 8-1 in the speed control cabinet 8, convert the data into a recognizable digital signal, and transmit it to the logic controller 8-2. After calculation, the air curtain jet speed that can resist wind pressure and heat pressure is obtained, and it is transmitted to the frequency conversion controller 8-3. The frequency conversion controller performs frequency conversion control on the frequency conversion centrifugal fan 1-3 according to the wind speed signal, so as to realize continuous adjustment of the wind speed according to the surrounding environment, which can not only meet the use requirements but also reduce energy consumption. The calculation case is as follows: According to the actual station parameters, the length H of the smoke-proof air curtain 2 is 8m. Considering the temperature range that personnel can bear and the burning temperature of the fire, it is assumed that the temperature on the high-temperature side is 1000℃, that is, =1000℃, the low temperature side temperature is 60℃, that is, =60℃, substitute into formula (1) to get the corresponding air density =1.0598kg / m3, =0.2773kg / m3, = =1.0598kg / m3, considering that the design wind speed of the tunnel section is 2m / s~11m / s when the tunnel fan is working, assuming that the air flow speed V on the high temperature side of the smoke prevention device measured by the wind speed sensor ish =8m / s, the width b of the air curtain gap 1-4 in the present invention k =0.2m, then H / b k =40, air supply angle α=15°, combined with the Hayes bending modulus diagram, it can be seen that D min =0.12, and the parameters are put into formula (2), and the outlet wind speed V0 of the air curtain machine is 17.8m / s. The above calculation process is implemented by the logic controller 8-2, which can determine the air supply speed of the air curtain machine 1, ensuring that the air curtain remains stable when facing wind pressure and heat pressure, and plays a role in blocking smoke. When the smoke exhaust is completed, the tunnel smoke exhaust fan is turned off, and the air curtain machine 1 is chained and closed, and all sensors and control cabinets stop running.

[0054] Step 4: Regular maintenance of the air curtain smoke prevention device: Due to the poor air quality inside the tunnel and the high concentration of dust pollutants, it is necessary to regularly clean the variable frequency centrifugal fan 1-3, air inlet 1-5 and air curtain generation gap 1-4 of the air curtain machine 1 to prevent dust accumulation from affecting the continuous operation of the air curtain; regularly check whether the local control cabinet 5 and speed control cabinet 8 are damaged to ensure safe operation and reliable control.

[0055] The variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device and its control method for subway section tunnel fire in this application form automatic prevention and control of subway tunnel fire smoke, improve the smoke prevention and exhaust system of subway stations, and its setting position does not affect smoke exhaust, and is convenient for subsequent maintenance and inspection, so as to solve the problem of lax smoke prevention and control in subway tunnels and platform areas, and control smoke at both ends of the tunnel, improve smoke exhaust efficiency, and prevent smoke from further spreading. The jet velocity of the air curtain is determined by environmental data to achieve self-regulation of the flow rate, which can meet the dual requirements of wind pressure and heat pressure, and reduce the energy consumption of the device. Without affecting the passage of trains, the section tunnel is separated from the station to prevent further spread of smoke, ensure timely evacuation of passengers, and protect the personal safety of passengers.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments, rather than limiting the scope of the present application. As shown in the present specification, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "one", "a", "a kind of" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. The terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "include one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method or device including the elements.

[0057] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire, characterized in that: The smoke prevention device comprises: an air curtain machine (1), a fixing device (6), a sensor device, a flow rate control module, and a start control module; The air curtain machine (1) is fixed to the partition wall between the station platform and its adjacent piston air hole through the fixing device (6); the air curtain machine (1) sprays air flow toward the subway section tunnel in the direction of the fire to form a smoke-blocking air curtain (2); The sensor device measures the air temperature on both sides of the smoke-blocking air curtain (2) and the wind speed of the piston air hole; The flow rate control module is used to control the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine (1); The start control module comprises an interlocking control line (3) and a switch controller (7); the interlocking control line (3) connects the air curtain machine (1) to the tunnel smoke exhaust fan via the piston air hole, and controls the opening and closing of the air curtain machine (1) via the switch controller (7).

2. The variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air curtain machine (1) is composed of an air curtain machine fixing plate (1-1), a device casing (1-2), a variable frequency centrifugal fan (1-3), an air curtain generating slit (1-4), and an air inlet (1-5).

3. The variable speed air curtain smoke prevention device for subway tunnel fire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flow rate control module comprises a speed control cabinet (8), which is located on the side of the air curtain machine (1) and is provided with a signal converter (8-1), a logic controller (8-2) and a frequency conversion controller (8-3) therein.

4. A variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire, based on the variable speed air curtain smoke control device for subway tunnel fire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The smoke control method comprises the following steps: Monitor the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke control device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; According to the air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke proof device and the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke proof device, the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated by the minimum bending modulus method; The smoke prevention device sprays air flow into the subway section tunnel at the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine to perform smoke prevention operations.

5. The variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the air density on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device is: Monitor the air temperature on the high temperature side and low temperature side of the smoke control device respectively; The air densities on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device are calculated by monitoring the air temperatures on the high temperature side and the low temperature side of the smoke prevention device respectively.

6. The variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine is calculated by the minimum bending modulus method, including: Check the Hayes bending modulus diagram to get the minimum bending modulus corresponding to the operation of the air curtain machine; The air flow velocity and air density on the high temperature side of the smoke proof device, the air density on the low temperature side of the smoke proof device and the minimum bending modulus are substituted into the minimum bending modulus formula for calculation to obtain the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine.

7. The variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The minimum bending modulus formula is as follows: ； in, Indicates the density of the air ejected by the air curtain machine; b k Indicates the jet slit width of the air curtain machine; V0 indicates the outlet wind speed of the air curtain machine; V h Indicates the air flow velocity on the high temperature side of the smoke control device; D min It indicates the minimum bending modulus when the air curtain is running; g indicates the acceleration of gravity; H indicates the length of the smoke-proof air curtain; Indicates the air temperature on the low temperature side of the smoke control device; Indicates the air temperature on the high temperature side of the smoke arrester.

8. The variable speed air curtain smoke control method for subway tunnel fire according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Use the following formula to calculate the air density corresponding to the air temperature: ； in represents the air density and t represents the air temperature.

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