A method for detecting the position of an unbalance of a rotor system based on a membrane disc coupling

Abstract

The application relates to a method for detecting the position of an unbalance amount of a rotor system based on a membrane disc coupling, and belongs to the technical field of rotor system dynamic unbalance measurement. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a three-dimensional CAD software is used to establish a rotor mechanical system geometric model according to rotor system structure parameters; then, an Ansys and Adams joint dynamic model of the rotor system is established, a rotor parallel misalignment fault is set, and unbalance masses are added to different phases of a rigid disc of the rotor system; finally, simulation is carried out by using the dynamic model. The application is verified on a flexible coupling rotor system and a typical single disc rotor system, only two vibration displacement sensors are needed, no other additional detection equipment is needed, the application is flexible to use, and has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, nondestructive detection and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a method for detecting the position of an unbalance amount of a membrane disc coupling rotor system and belongs to the technical field of rotor system dynamic unbalance measurement. BACKGROUND

[0002] The membrane disc coupling is widely applied in daily life and is a core component of rotary machinery and is widely applied in high-precision mechanical equipment such as aviation and ships. The membrane disc coupling is in high-speed motion in work and is connected with a flange or a rotating shaft. When an unbalance amount exists, the membrane disc coupling will be subjected to centrifugal force and inertial moment during rotation. If the geometric center and the mass center are not on the same line or even have a large deviation, vibration and noise of the engine will be caused, the wear of the membrane disc coupling is aggravated, the service life of the engine is reduced, and the dynamic unbalance amount is too large due to the unbalance amount, so that the misalignment fault is difficult to monitor.

[0003] The misalignment fault can be divided into parallel misalignment and angular misalignment, and 60% of mechanical faults are caused by misalignment faults. The membrane disc coupling is a power device for transmitting torque through flexible elements. The misalignment, axial offset and angular offset of the input end and the output end are compensated through the elastic deformation of the membrane disc. The membrane disc coupling is suitable for the rotor system in a large misalignment working condition. Such phenomena have great safety hazards in engineering. Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of researches on the unbalance amount position detection and misalignment fault of the membrane disc coupling. The running state of the rotor system is monitored in real time, the running condition is fed back in time, the unbalance amount position and misalignment fault problems are found in advance, the normal work of the membrane disc coupling rotor system and the safety of the running environment are fully guaranteed, and the occurrence rate of safety accidents can be reduced.

[0004] Most of the documents realize the monitoring of the unbalance amount position through special equipment, and the research on the relationship between the parallel misalignment direction and the initial position of the unbalance amount has not been proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the application provides a method for detecting the position of an unbalance amount of a membrane disc coupling rotor system, which can realize online dynamic balance detection of large rotors and other rotary equipment difficult to disassemble and assemble. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, a three-dimensional CAD software is used to establish a geometric model of a rotor mechanical system according to structural parameters of the rotor system; then, a dynamics model of the rotor system is established by combining Ansys and Adams, a parallel misalignment fault of the rotor is set, unbalance amounts are added to different phases of a rigid disc of the rotor system, vibration displacement of the rigid disc under excitation force of the unbalance amounts at different phases is obtained by simulating the dynamics model, and an axis trajectory of the rigid disc is drawn according to a time domain curve of the vibration displacement; the axis trajectory of the rigid disc is in a heart shape, and with the change of the phase of the unbalance amount, the opening direction of the heart shape changes by the same phase angle as the phase of the unbalance amount; and the angle relationship between the opening direction of the heart shape and the phase of the unbalance amount can be determined according to the simulation result. During online detection of the rotor equipment, a certain parallel misalignment amount is adjusted for the rotor system, marks are made on the rotor disc before starting, the initial position of the rotor disc is recorded when the rotor starts, radial vibration displacement curves are obtained by two mutually perpendicular displacement sensors, the axis trajectory is drawn, and the opening angle of the axis trajectory is determined; after the rotor stops, the specific position of the unbalance amount can be obtained according to the marks before starting, the opening direction of the axis trajectory and the angle between the opening direction and the unbalance amount obtained by simulation analysis; the method is verified on a flexible coupling rotor system and a typical single disc rotor system, and has good applicability. The application only needs to install two vibration displacement sensors, does not need other additional detection equipment, is flexible to use, and has the advantages of low cost, high reliability and non-destructive detection.

[0006] The technical scheme of the application is as follows: a method for detecting the position of an unbalance amount of a membrane disc coupling rotor system, comprising the following steps:

[0007] constructing a mechanical model of the membrane disc coupling rotor system;

[0008] establishing a simplified simulation model of the mechanical model of the membrane disc coupling rotor system by combining Ansys and Adams;

[0009] simulating the simplified simulation model, setting a parallel misalignment fault of the membrane disc coupling, and extracting a vibration time domain signal;

[0010] processing the vibration time domain signal to obtain an axis trajectory without the unbalance amount;

[0011] adding unbalance amounts to different phases of a rigid disc on one side of the membrane disc coupling in the simplified simulation model, calibrating the initial position of the unbalance amounts, extracting vibration displacement of the rigid disc, processing the vibration displacement, and obtaining the axis trajectory of the rigid disc under excitation force of the unbalance amounts at different phases;

[0012] The unbalance amount-free shaft center trajectory and the rigid disc shaft center trajectory are analyzed, and the unbalance amount position is obtained in combination with the unbalance amount added at different phases and the simulation result.

[0013] The rotor system mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling includes:

[0014] According to the actual model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system, a Solidworks model is established, the model is simplified, and key moving parts are reserved, including a rotor motor system, a diaphragm coupling, and a base adjusting device.

[0015] The simplified simulation model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system mechanical model established by Ansys and Adams includes:

[0016] Based on solidworks, a simulation model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system mechanical model is established, and the simulation model is simplified.

[0017] The simplified simulation model is imported into Ansys for flexible processing, and the flexible processing includes a diaphragm, a rigid disc, and a connecting shaft.

[0018] Specifically, Ansys APDL is used to flexibilize the diaphragm coupling, Adams is used to add driving, constraint, and motion pair to the moving parts, and motion parameters are set.

[0019] The diaphragm coupling parallel misalignment fault is set, and the vibration time domain signal is extracted.

[0020] Based on Adams simulation, the connecting diaphragm coupling rotor is offset by 0.02 mm in the y-axis direction to achieve y-axis direction parallel misalignment.

[0021] The vibration time domain signal is extracted at the position of the diaphragm coupling diaphragm centroid.

[0022] The vibration time domain signal is extracted at the position of the diaphragm coupling diaphragm centroid.

[0023] The step of adding the unbalance amount at different phases on one side rigid disc of the diaphragm coupling includes:

[0024] The diaphragm coupling is processed in advance, and the position of the unbalance amount is marked at one end of the diaphragm coupling, and the position is on the circumference of the one end;

[0025] The step of analyzing the shaft center trajectory without the unbalance amount and the shaft center trajectory of the rigid disc, combining the unbalance amount added at different phases and the simulation result, and obtaining the position of the unbalance amount includes:

[0026] The phase of the unbalance amount is changed, and the "heart" shape opening direction of the shaft center trajectory is obtained with the same phase angle change of the phase of the unbalance amount;

[0027] The included angle relationship between the "heart" shape opening direction and the phase of the unbalance amount is determined through the simulation result;

[0028] The position of the unbalance amount is obtained according to the simulation guidance experiment.

[0029] The step of determining the included angle relationship between the "heart" shape opening direction and the phase of the unbalance amount through the simulation result specifically includes:

[0030] According to the bolt holes distributed on the circumference of the diaphragm, the unbalance amount is added at positions 1, 2, 3 and 4 in turn, the relationship between the initial position of the unbalance amount and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory in four cases is drawn respectively, the mapping relationship between the "heart" shape opening direction and the initial position of the unbalance amount is established, and the included angle relationship between the "heart" shape opening direction and the phase of the unbalance amount is obtained.

[0031] Specifically, three different rotating speeds are set respectively to verify whether the rotating speed has an influence on the included angle relationship;

[0032] The step of obtaining the position of the unbalance amount according to the simulation guidance experiment specifically includes:

[0033] When the rotor equipment is detected online, the parallel misalignment amount of the rotor system is adjusted, and marks are made on the measured rotor disc before starting, and the initial position of the rotor disc when the rotor starts is recorded;

[0034] The radial vibration displacement curves are obtained through two displacement sensors perpendicular to each other, the shaft center trajectory is drawn, and the opening angle of the shaft center trajectory is determined;

[0035] After the rotor stops, the position of the unbalance amount is obtained according to the marks before starting, the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory, and the included angle relationship between the "heart" shape opening direction and the phase of the unbalance amount obtained through simulation.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application establishes a membrane disc coupling rotor system solidworks mechanical model according to the existing coupling rotor system, establishes the simulation model of the rotor system by Ansys and Adams, optimizes the traditional detection method of the position of the unbalance amount, does not need additional detection instruments or the detection instrument installation space limited by the shortcomings, and the method has the advantages of low cost, high reliability and non-destructive testing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The step flow chart of the present application is;

[0038] Figure 2 The known membrane disc coupling rotor model to be detected of the present application is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0039] Figure 3 The membrane disc coupling and the unbalance mass position of the present application are shown in the schematic diagram;

[0040] Figure 4 The coordinate system of the membrane disc coupling of the present application and the unbalance amount addition position are shown in the schematic diagram;

[0041] Figure 5 The bolt hole of the unbalance amount addition position is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0042] Figure 6 The simulation simplified schematic diagram of the membrane disc coupling is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0043] Figure 7 The time domain curve diagram under parallel misalignment fault is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0044] Figure 8 The shaft center trajectory diagram of the unbalance mass in position 1 under parallel misalignment fault is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0045] Figure 9 The shaft center trajectory diagram of the unbalance mass in position 2 under parallel misalignment fault is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0046] Figure 10 The shaft center trajectory diagram of the unbalance mass in position 3 under parallel misalignment fault is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0047] Figure 11 The shaft center trajectory diagram of the unbalance mass in position 4 under parallel misalignment fault is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0048] Figure 12 The shaft center trajectory diagram of the unbalance mass in position 1 under parallel misalignment fault and different rotating speeds is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0049] Figure 13 Another rotor system model diagram for verifying the method of the present application again is shown in the schematic diagram;

[0050] Figure 14It is a mapping diagram of the axis trajectory opening direction and imbalance position of the rotor system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a method for detecting the unbalance position of a rotor system based on a diaphragm coupling includes:

[0053] Construct a mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system;

[0054] A simplified simulation model of the mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system is established by jointly using Ansys and Adams;

[0055] Simulate the simplified simulation model, set the parallel misalignment fault of the diaphragm coupling, and extract the vibration time domain signal;

[0056] Processing the vibration time domain signal to obtain a shaft center trajectory without imbalance;

[0057] In the simplified simulation model, unbalance is added to different phases of the rigid disk on one side of the diaphragm disk coupling, the initial position of the unbalance is calibrated, the vibration displacement on the rigid disk is extracted, and signal processing is performed to obtain the axis trajectory of the rigid disk under different phases and unbalance excitation forces;

[0058] Analyze the axis center trajectory without imbalance and the axis center trajectory of the rigid disk, and obtain the imbalance position by combining the imbalance added at different phases and simulation results;

[0059] Set different speeds to verify whether the speed affects the angle relationship;

[0060] Verify another typical rotor mechanical structure to increase the universality of this method;

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, the diaphragm coupling rotor system includes a rotor motor system 1, a diaphragm coupling 2, and a base adjustment device 3. The base adjustment device 3 can adjust the parallel misalignment of the rotor system along the y-direction. The diaphragm coupling 2 serves as an intermediate connecting component to connect the rotor motor system 1 and the base adjustment device 3. Together, they form a shaft system that transmits motion and torque. After setting the parallel misalignment along the y-axis, the misalignment is added to the diaphragm coupling 2.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown, it is an enlarged view of the diaphragm coupling 2, including a fixed flange 1, a gasket 2, a diaphragm 3, an intermediate shaft 4, a rigid disc 6, and a diaphragm bolt hole 5; the diaphragm bolt hole is marked and an unbalanced mass is added at this position;Figure 4 As shown, the unbalance amount is added at the position;

[0063] As shown, the unbalance amount is added at the position; Figure 5 As shown, the unbalance amount is added at the position; four bolt holes are marked, numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, the axes of 1, 3 bolt holes are parallel to the y-axis, the axes of 2, 4 bolt holes are parallel to the x-axis, and the unbalance amount is added at the four positions.

[0064] The simplified simulation model of the mechanical model of the membrane disc coupling rotor system established by Ansys and Adams includes:

[0065] The membrane disc coupling rotor model is modeled based on solidworks, and the model is simplified, as shown in Figure 6 The simplified model includes bearing 1, shaft 2, membrane disc coupling 3, and shaft 4, and the format is parasolid, which is imported into Adams. The membrane disc coupling 3 is imported into Ansys and processed flexibly, and the flexible part includes the membrane disc, the rigid disc, and the connecting shaft. In Adams, the model is simulated, and fixed pairs, rotating pairs, and drives are added.

[0066] The parallel misalignment fault of the membrane disc coupling is set, including:

[0067] Based on Adams simulation, the shaft connected to the membrane disc coupling is offset by 0.02mm in the y-axis direction, and the parallel misalignment in the y-axis direction is achieved.

[0068] The vibration time domain signal is extracted, including:

[0069] The vibration time domain signal is extracted at the position of the membrane disc centroid of the membrane disc coupling, and the x-direction and y-direction vibration time domain signals are extracted. The extracted vibration time domain signal is imported into Origin, and the time domain curve is drawn, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0070] The vibration time domain signal is processed to obtain the unbalance amount shaft center trajectory, including:

[0071] After extracting the vibration time domain signal at the position of the membrane disc centroid of the membrane disc coupling, the amplitude of the x-direction and y-direction vibration time domain signals is extracted, and the amplitudes of the two directions are set as the values of the x-axis and y-axis. The shaft center trajectory is drawn, as shown in Figure 8 , which appears as an "inner 8" shape, indicating that the parallel misalignment is correctly set.

[0072] The unbalance amount is added to the different phases of the rigid disc on one side of the simplified simulation model on the membrane disc coupling, including:

[0073] According to the circumferentially distributed bolt holes on the membrane disc, as shown inFigure 5 As shown, first increase 2g unbalance at position 1, the initial position of the unbalance and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory are as shown Figure 8 As shown, increase 2g unbalance at position 2, the initial position of the unbalance and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory are as shown Figure 9 As shown, increase 2g unbalance at position 3, the initial position of the unbalance and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory are as shown Figure 10 As shown, increase 2g unbalance at position 4, the initial position of the unbalance and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory are as shown Figure 11 As shown.

[0074] The setting of different rotating speeds verifies whether the rotating speed has an impact on the included angle relationship, including:

[0075] According to the mapping relationship between the "heart" shaped opening direction and the initial position of the unbalance at position 1, three different rotating speeds are set respectively, which are 3000r / min, 6000r / min and 9000r / min, and it is verified that the mapping relationship has nothing to do with the rotating speed, as shown in Figure 12 As shown.

[0076] The verification of another typical rotor mechanical structure increases the universality of the method, including:

[0077] According to the above method, the universality of the method is increased by verifying another typical rotor system again, which is applicable to both the membrane disc coupling system and the rotor system. The model diagram of the rotor system verified again is as shown in Figure 13 As shown, including motor 1, diaphragm coupling 2, bearing seat 3 and 6, shaft 4, disc 5. The unbalanced mass is added to the disc 5, and the initial phase angle is increased successively. The mapping diagram of the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory-unbalance position of the rotor system is as shown in Figure 14 As shown.

[0078] Through the above discussion of the unbalance position and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory, the mapping relationship between the "heart" shaped opening direction and the initial position of the unbalance is established, and finally the position mapping relationship between the unbalance uncertain position and the opening direction of the shaft center trajectory is obtained.

[0079] The specific embodiments of the application are described in detail above in combination with the drawings, but the application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the unbalance position of a rotor system based on a diaphragm coupling, characterized in that: The method includes: Construct a mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system; A simplified simulation model of the mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system is established by jointly using Ansys and Adams; Simulate the simplified simulation model, set the parallel misalignment fault of the diaphragm coupling, and extract the vibration time domain signal; Processing the vibration time domain signal to obtain a shaft center trajectory without imbalance; In the simplified simulation model, unbalance is added to different phases of the rigid disk on one side of the diaphragm disk coupling, the initial position of the unbalance is calibrated, the vibration displacement on the rigid disk is extracted, and signal processing is performed to obtain the axis trajectory of the rigid disk under different phases and unbalance excitation forces; Analyze the axis center trajectory without imbalance and the axis center trajectory of the rigid disk, and obtain the imbalance position by combining the imbalance added at different phases and simulation results; The signal processing of the vibration time domain signal to obtain a shaft center trajectory without imbalance includes: Extract the vibration time domain signal at the location of the centroid of the diaphragm coupling, extract the amplitude of the vibration time domain signal in the x-direction and y-direction, set the amplitude in the two directions as the values ​​of the x-axis and y-axis, draw the axis trajectory, and a "heart" shape appears; The step of analyzing the axis trajectory without imbalance and the axis trajectory of the rigid disk and combining the imbalance added at different phases with the simulation results to obtain the position of the imbalance includes: Changing the phase of the unbalance amount to obtain a "heart"-shaped opening direction of the rigid disk axis trajectory that changes with the same phase angle as the phase of the unbalance amount; Determine the angle relationship between the "heart"-shaped opening direction and the phase of the imbalance through simulation results; According to the simulation guidance experiment, the position of the unbalanced amount is obtained; The angle relationship between the heart-shaped opening direction and the unbalance phase is determined by simulation results as follows: According to the circumferential distribution of bolt holes on the diaphragm, unbalance is added at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the relationship between the initial position of the unbalance and the opening direction of the axis trajectory is plotted for each of the four cases. The mapping relationship between the "heart"-shaped opening direction and the initial position of the unbalance is established, and the angular relationship between the "heart"-shaped opening direction and the phase of the unbalance is obtained. According to the simulation-guided experiment, the unbalance position is obtained as follows: During the online detection of the rotor equipment, the parallel misalignment of the rotor system is adjusted. At the same time, before starting, a mark is made on the turntable to record the initial position of the turntable when the rotor starts. The radial vibration displacement curve is obtained by two mutually perpendicular displacement sensors, and the axis trajectory is drawn to determine the axis trajectory opening angle; After the rotor stops, the position of the imbalance is obtained based on the mark before startup, the opening direction of the axis trajectory, and the angle between the "heart"-shaped opening direction and the phase of the imbalance obtained by simulation.

2. The method for detecting the unbalance position of a rotor system based on a diaphragm coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of the mechanical model of the diaphragm disc coupling rotor system includes: A rotor motor system, a diaphragm coupling, and a base adjustment device. The diaphragm coupling includes a fixed flange, a gasket, a diaphragm, an intermediate shaft, a rigid disc, and a diaphragm bolt hole. The base adjustment device can adjust the parallel misalignment of the rotor system along the y direction.

3. The method for detecting the unbalance position of a rotor system based on a diaphragm coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simplified simulation model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system mechanical model established by combining Ansys and Adams includes: A simulation model is constructed based on SolidWorks for the mechanical model of the diaphragm coupling rotor system, and the simulation model is simplified, wherein the simplified simulation model includes a bearing, a rotating shaft, a diaphragm coupling, and a rotating shaft; The simplified simulation model is imported into Ansys for flexible processing, wherein the flexible processing includes a diaphragm disk, a rigid disk, and a connecting shaft.

4. The method for detecting the unbalance position of a rotor system based on a diaphragm coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The setting of the diaphragm coupling parallel misalignment fault and the extraction of the vibration time domain signal include: Based on Adams simulation, the rotating shaft of the diaphragm coupling is offset by 0.02 mm in the y-axis direction to achieve parallel misalignment in the y-axis direction; the vibration time domain signal is extracted at the position of the center of mass of the diaphragm of the diaphragm coupling, and the vibration time domain signals in the x-direction and y-direction are extracted respectively. The extracted vibration time domain signals are imported into Origin and the time domain curve is drawn.

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